# Traditional Chinese Messages for shadow-man # Copyright (C) 2026 the authors of Shadow (msgids) # This file is distributed under the same license as the shadow package. # Alang Hsu , 2026. # # To re-generate, run "cd man/po; make update-po" msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: shadow-man 4.20.0-rc2\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-06-22 21:39-0500\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2026-09-26 13:10+0800\n" "Last-Translator: Alang Hsu \n" "Language-Team: Chinese (traditional) \n" "Language: zh_TW\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" "X-Bugs: Report translation errors to the Language-Team address.\n" #. (itstool) path: author/firstname msgid "Julianne Frances" msgstr "Julianne Frances" #. (itstool) path: author/surname msgid "Haugh" msgstr "Haugh" #. (itstool) path: author/contrib msgid "Creation, 1990" msgstr "建立於 1990 年" #. (itstool) path: author/firstname msgid "Thomas" msgstr "Thomas" #. (itstool) path: author/surname msgid "Kłoczko" msgstr "Kłoczko" #. (itstool) path: author/email msgid "kloczek@pld.org.pl" msgstr "kloczek@pld.org.pl" #. (itstool) path: author/contrib msgid "shadow-utils maintainer, 2000 - 2007" msgstr "shadow-utils 維護者，2000 - 2007" #. (itstool) path: author/firstname msgid "Nicolas" msgstr "Nicolas" #. (itstool) path: author/surname msgid "François" msgstr "François" #. (itstool) path: author/email msgid "nicolas.francois@centraliens.net" msgstr "nicolas.francois@centraliens.net" #. (itstool) path: author/contrib msgid "shadow-utils maintainer, 2007 - now" msgstr "shadow-utils 維護者，2007 年至今" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "chage" msgstr "chage" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/manvolnum #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/manvolnum #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "1" msgstr "1" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refmiscinfo msgid "User Commands" msgstr "使用者命令" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refmiscinfo msgid "shadow-utils" msgstr "shadow-utils" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refmiscinfo msgid "4.20.0-rc2" msgstr "4.20.0-rc2" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "change user password expiry information" msgstr "變更使用者密碼到期資訊" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/arg msgid "options" msgstr "選項" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "LOGIN" msgstr "帳戶" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "說明" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command changes password expiration information for a user. It sets the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change. This information is used by the system to determine when the user must change their password." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令會變更使用者的密碼到期資訊。它會設定密碼變更間隔天數與上次密碼變更日期。系統會使用這些資訊來判斷使用者何時必須變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable msgid "OPTIONS" msgstr "選項" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The options which apply to the <_:command-1/> command are:" msgstr "適用於 <_:command-1/> 命令的選項如下：" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-d" msgstr "-d" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--lastday" msgstr "--lastday" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "LAST_DAY" msgstr "LAST_DAY" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "<_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>" msgstr "<_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "0" msgstr "0" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the date when the password was last changed. The value can be specified as a date in the YYYY-MM-DD format or as a number of days since 1970-01-01. The date is interpreted using the UTC timezone. If the <_:replaceable-1/> is set to <_:emphasis-2/>, the user is forced to change their password upon the next login." msgstr "設定上次變更密碼的日期。值可以是 YYYY-MM-DD 格式的日期，或自 1970-01-01 起算的天數。日期以 UTC 時區解讀。若將 <_:replaceable-1/> 設為 <_:emphasis-2/>，則會強制使用者在下次登入時變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "-1" msgstr "-1" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Passing the value <_:emphasis-1/> or an empty string as the <_:replaceable-2/> clears the value and removes the password change requirement." msgstr "若將 <_:emphasis-1/> 或空字串作為 <_:replaceable-2/> 傳入，則會清除該值並移除密碼變更要求。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-E" msgstr "-E" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--expiredate" msgstr "--expiredate" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "EXPIRE_DATE" msgstr "EXPIRE_DATE" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the date on which the user's password expires and their account will no longer be accessible. The value can be specified as a date in the YYYY-MM-DD format or as a number of days since 1970-01-01. The date is interpreted using the UTC timezone. If the password expires, the user must contact the system administrator to regain access to the system." msgstr "設定使用者密碼到期、帳戶將無法再存取的日期。值可以是 YYYY-MM-DD 格式的日期，或自 1970-01-01 起算的天數。日期以 UTC 時區解讀。若密碼到期，使用者必須聯絡系統管理員才能重新存取系統。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "For example, the following command sets an account to expire in 180 days:" msgstr "例如，下列命令可將帳戶設為 180 天後到期：" #. (itstool) path: listitem/programlisting msgid "chage -E $(date -d +180days +%F)" msgstr "chage -E $(date -d +180days +%F)" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Passing the value <_:emphasis-1/> or an empty string as the <_:replaceable-2/> removes the account expiration date." msgstr "若將 <_:emphasis-1/> 或空字串作為 <_:replaceable-2/> 傳入，則會移除帳戶到期日。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-h" msgstr "-h" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--help" msgstr "--help" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "<_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/>" msgstr "<_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Display help message and exit." msgstr "顯示說明訊息並結束。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-i" msgstr "-i" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--iso8601" msgstr "--iso8601" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format." msgstr "列印日期時使用 YYYY-MM-DD 格式。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-I" msgstr "-I" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--inactive" msgstr "--inactive" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "INACTIVE" msgstr "INACTIVE" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked. The <_:replaceable-1/> option is the number of days of inactivity. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again." msgstr "設定密碼到期後、帳戶鎖定前的閒置天數。<_:replaceable-1/> 選項即為閒置天數。帳戶遭鎖定的使用者必須聯絡系統管理員，才能再次使用系統。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Passing the number <_:emphasis-1/> as the <_:replaceable-2/> will remove an account's inactivity." msgstr "若將數字 <_:emphasis-1/> 作為 <_:replaceable-2/> 傳入，將移除帳戶的閒置設定。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-l" msgstr "-l" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--list" msgstr "--list" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Show account aging information." msgstr "顯示帳戶時效資訊。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-m" msgstr "-m" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--mindays" msgstr "--mindays" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "MIN_DAYS" msgstr "MIN_DAYS" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to <_:replaceable-1/>. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time." msgstr "將密碼變更的最短間隔天數設為 <_:replaceable-1/>。此欄位值為零表示使用者可隨時變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-M" msgstr "-M" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--maxdays" msgstr "--maxdays" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "MAX_DAYS" msgstr "MAX_DAYS" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-W" msgstr "-W" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When <_:replaceable-1/> plus <_:replaceable-2/> is less than the current day, the user will be required to change their password before being able to use their account. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the <_:option-3/> option, which provides the user with advance warning." msgstr "設定密碼有效的最長天數。當 <_:replaceable-1/> 加上 <_:replaceable-2/> 小於今日時，使用者必須先變更密碼才能使用帳戶。可事先使用 <_:option-3/> 選項，讓使用者提前收到警告。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Passing the number <_:emphasis-1/> as <_:replaceable-2/> will remove checking a password's validity." msgstr "若將數字 <_:emphasis-1/> 作為 <_:replaceable-2/> 傳入，將不再檢查密碼有效性。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-R" msgstr "-R" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--root" msgstr "--root" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "CHROOT_DIR" msgstr "CHROOT_DIR" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Apply changes in the <_:replaceable-1/> directory and use the configuration files from the <_:replaceable-2/> directory. Only absolute paths are supported. No SELINUX support." msgstr "在 <_:replaceable-1/> 目錄中套用變更，並使用 <_:replaceable-2/> 目錄中的設定檔。僅支援絕對路徑。不支援 SELINUX。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-P" msgstr "-P" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--prefix" msgstr "--prefix" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "PREFIX_DIR" msgstr "PREFIX_DIR" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Apply changes to configuration files under the root filesystem found under the directory <_:replaceable-1/>. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified. No SELINUX support." msgstr "對 <_:replaceable-1/> 目錄下根檔案系統中的設定檔套用變更。此選項不會 chroot，適用於準備交叉編譯目標。部分限制：不驗證 NIS 與 LDAP 使用者／群組。不支援 SELINUX。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--warndays" msgstr "--warndays" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "WARN_DAYS" msgstr "WARN_DAYS" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The <_:replaceable-1/> option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned their password is about to expire." msgstr "設定必須變更密碼前發出警告的天數。<_:replaceable-1/> 選項即為密碼到期前警告使用者的天數。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "[ ]" msgstr "[ ]" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If none of the options are selected, <_:command-1/> operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value. The current value is displayed between a pair of <_:emphasis-2/> marks." msgstr "若未選取任何選項，<_:command-1/> 會以互動模式運作，提示使用者目前所有欄位的值。輸入新值即可變更欄位，留空則使用目前的值。目前的值會顯示在一對 <_:emphasis-2/> 標記之間。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "NOTE" msgstr "注意" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> program requires a shadow password file to be available." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 程式需要有 shadow 密碼檔才能使用。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The chage program will report only the information from the shadow password file. This implies that configuration from other sources (e.g. LDAP or empty password hash field from the passwd file) that affect the user's login will not be shown in the chage output." msgstr "chage 程式僅會回報 shadow 密碼檔中的資訊。這表示會影響使用者登入的其他來源設定（例如 LDAP，或 passwd 檔中空白的密碼雜湊欄位）不會顯示在 chage 輸出中。" #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command msgid "pwck" msgstr "pwck" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> program will also not report any inconsistency between the shadow and passwd files (e.g. missing x in the passwd file). The <_:command-2/> can be used to check for this kind of inconsistencies." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 程式亦不會回報 shadow 與 passwd 檔之間的不一致（例如 passwd 檔中缺少 x）。可使用 <_:command-2/> 檢查此類不一致。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command is restricted to the root user, except for the <_:option-2/> option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when their password or account is due to expire." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令僅限 root 使用者使用，但 <_:option-2/> 選項除外；非特權使用者可使用該選項查詢其密碼或帳戶到期時間。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "CONFIGURATION" msgstr "組態" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/login.defs" msgstr "/etc/login.defs" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The following configuration variables in <_:filename-1/> change the behavior of this tool:" msgstr "下列 <_:filename-1/> 中的組態變數會改變此工具的行為：" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "FILES" msgstr "檔案" #. (itstool) path: term/filename #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/etc/passwd" msgstr "/etc/passwd" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "User account information." msgstr "使用者帳戶資訊。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/etc/shadow" msgstr "/etc/shadow" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Secure user account information." msgstr "安全的使用者帳戶資訊。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "EXIT VALUES" msgstr "結束值" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "success" msgstr "成功" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "permission denied" msgstr "權限被拒" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/manvolnum msgid "2" msgstr "2" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "invalid command syntax" msgstr "無效的命令語法" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "15" msgstr "15" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't find the shadow password file" msgstr "找不到 shadow 密碼檔" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command exits with the following values: <_:variablelist-2/>" msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令以下列值結束：<_:variablelist-2/>" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "參見" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "passwd" msgstr "passwd" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/manvolnum #. (itstool) path: refmeta/manvolnum #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "5" msgstr "5" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable #. (itstool) path: phrase/emphasis #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "shadow" msgstr "shadow" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>。" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "chfn" msgstr "chfn" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "change full user name and information" msgstr "變更使用者全名與資訊" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "finger" msgstr "finger" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-o" msgstr "-o" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command changes the user's full name, office room number, office phone number, and home phone number information for an account in the respective fields of <_:filename-2/>. This information is typically printed by <_:citerefentry-3/> and similar programs. A normal user may only change the fields for her own account, subject to the restrictions in <_:filename-4/>. (The default configuration is to prevent users from changing their fullname.) The superuser may change any field for any account. Additionally, only the superuser may use the <_:option-5/> option to change the undefined portions of the GECOS field." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令會變更 <_:filename-2/> 各欄位中帳戶的使用者全名、辦公室房號、辦公室電話與住家電話資訊。此資訊通常由 <_:citerefentry-3/> 及類似程式列印。一般使用者僅能變更自己帳戶的欄位，並受 <_:filename-4/> 中的限制約束。（預設組態禁止使用者變更全名。）超級使用者可變更任何帳戶的任何欄位。此外，僅有超級使用者可使用 <_:option-5/> 選項變更 GECOS 欄位中未定義的部分。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "other" msgstr "其他" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "These fields must not contain any colons. Except for the <_:emphasis-1/> field, they should not contain any comma or equal sign. It is also recommended to avoid non-US-ASCII characters, but this is only enforced for the phone numbers. The <_:emphasis-2/> field is used to store accounting information used by other applications." msgstr "這些欄位不得包含任何冒號。除 <_:emphasis-1/> 欄位外，不應包含逗號或等號。亦建議避免使用非 US-ASCII 字元，但此限制僅對電話號碼強制執行。<_:emphasis-2/> 欄位用於儲存其他應用程式使用的記帳資訊。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If <_:replaceable-1/> is not specified, <_:command-2/> acts on the current user, and prompts for the current user's password." msgstr "若未指定 <_:replaceable-1/>，<_:command-2/> 會作用於目前使用者，並提示輸入目前使用者的密碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/arg #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-f" msgstr "-f" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--full-name" msgstr "--full-name" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "FULL_NAME" msgstr "FULL_NAME" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Change the user's full name." msgstr "變更使用者的全名。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--home-phone" msgstr "--home-phone" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "HOME_PHONE" msgstr "HOME_PHONE" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Change the user's home phone number." msgstr "變更使用者的住家電話號碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--other" msgstr "--other" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "OTHER" msgstr "OTHER" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Change the user's other GECOS information. This field is used to store accounting information used by other applications, and can be changed only by a superuser." msgstr "變更使用者的其他 GECOS 資訊。此欄位用於儲存其他應用程式使用的記帳資訊，僅能由超級使用者變更。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-r" msgstr "-r" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--room" msgstr "--room" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "ROOM_NUMBER" msgstr "ROOM_NUMBER" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Change the user's room number." msgstr "變更使用者的房號。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Apply changes in the <_:replaceable-1/> directory and use the configuration files from the <_:replaceable-2/> directory. No SELINUX support." msgstr "在 <_:replaceable-1/> 目錄中套用變更，並使用 <_:replaceable-2/> 目錄中的設定檔。不支援 SELINUX。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-u" msgstr "-u" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-w" msgstr "-w" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--work-phone" msgstr "--work-phone" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "WORK_PHONE" msgstr "WORK_PHONE" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Change the user's office phone number." msgstr "變更使用者的辦公室電話號碼。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "[]" msgstr "[]" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If none of the options is selected, <_:command-1/> operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value. The current value is displayed between a pair of <_:emphasis-2/> marks." msgstr "若未選取任何選項，<_:command-1/> 會以互動模式運作，提示使用者目前所有欄位的值。輸入新值即可變更欄位，留空則使用目前的值。目前的值會顯示在一對 <_:emphasis-2/> 標記之間。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Shadow password suite configuration." msgstr "Shadow 密碼套件組態。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "chsh" msgstr "chsh" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname msgid "login.defs" msgstr "login.defs" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>。" #. (itstool) path: author/contrib msgid "Creation, 2006" msgstr "建立於 2006 年" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "chgpasswd" msgstr "chgpasswd" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/manvolnum #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/manvolnum #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "8" msgstr "8" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refmiscinfo msgid "System Management Commands" msgstr "系統管理命令" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "update group passwords in batch mode" msgstr "以批次模式更新群組密碼" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command reads a list of group name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a set of existing groups. Each line is of the format:" msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令會從標準輸入讀取群組名稱與密碼配對清單，並使用這些資訊更新一組現有群組。每列格式如下：" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "group_name" msgstr "group_name" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "password" msgstr "密碼" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:emphasis-1/>:<_:emphasis-2/>" msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/>:<_:emphasis-2/>" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "By default the supplied password must be in clear-text, and is encrypted by <_:command-1/>." msgstr "預設提供的密碼必須是明文，並由 <_:command-1/> 加密。" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "ENCRYPT_METHOD" msgstr "ENCRYPT_METHOD" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-e" msgstr "-e" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable msgid "-c" msgstr "-c" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the <_:option-1/> variable of <_:filename-2/>, and can be overwritten with the <_:option-3/> or <_:option-4/> options." msgstr "系統的預設加密演算法可由 <_:filename-2/> 的 <_:option-1/> 變數定義，並可由 <_:option-3/> 或 <_:option-4/> 選項覆寫。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "This command is intended to be used in a large system environment where many accounts are created at a single time." msgstr "此命令適用於一次建立大量帳戶的大型系統環境。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--crypt-method" msgstr "--crypt-method" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "使用指定的方法加密密碼。" #. (itstool) path: phrase/replaceable msgid "BCRYPT" msgstr "BCRYPT" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "<_:replaceable-1/>," msgstr "<_:replaceable-1/>，" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "DES" msgstr "DES" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "MD5" msgstr "MD5" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "SHA256" msgstr "SHA256" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "SHA512" msgstr "SHA512" #. (itstool) path: phrase/replaceable msgid "YESCRYPT" msgstr "YESCRYPT" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "NONE" msgstr "NONE" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The available methods are <_:phrase-1/> <_:replaceable-2/>, <_:replaceable-3/>, <_:replaceable-4/>, <_:replaceable-5/>, <_:phrase-6/> and <_:replaceable-7/> if your libc supports these methods." msgstr "若您的 libc 支援這些方法，可用的方法有 <_:phrase-1/> <_:replaceable-2/>、<_:replaceable-3/>、<_:replaceable-4/>、<_:replaceable-5/>、<_:phrase-6/> 及 <_:replaceable-7/>。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--encrypted" msgstr "--encrypted" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Supplied passwords are in encrypted form." msgstr "提供的密碼為已加密形式。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-s" msgstr "-s" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--sha-rounds" msgstr "--sha-rounds" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Use the specified number of rounds to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "使用指定的輪數加密密碼。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "You can only use this option with crypt method: <_:phrase-1/> <_:replaceable-2/> <_:replaceable-3/> <_:phrase-4/>" msgstr "此選項僅能與加密方法 <_:phrase-1/> <_:replaceable-2/> <_:replaceable-3/> <_:phrase-4/> 搭配使用。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "By default, the number of rounds for BCRYPT is defined by the BCRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and BCRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <_:filename-1/>." msgstr "預設 BCRYPT 輪數由 <_:filename-1/> 中的 BCRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS 與 BCRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS 變數定義。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A minimal value of 4 and a maximal value of 31 will be enforced for BCRYPT. The default number of rounds is 13." msgstr "BCRYPT 強制最小值為 4，最大值為 31。預設輪數為 13。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "By default, the number of rounds for SHA256 or SHA512 is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <_:filename-1/>." msgstr "預設 SHA256 或 SHA512 輪數由 <_:filename-1/> 中的 SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS 與 SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS 變數定義。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced for SHA256 and SHA512. The default number of rounds is 5000." msgstr "SHA256 與 SHA512 強制最小值為 1000，最大值為 999,999,999。預設輪數為 5000。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "By default, the number of rounds for YESCRYPT is defined by the YESCRYPT_COST_FACTOR in <_:filename-1/>." msgstr "預設 YESCRYPT 輪數由 <_:filename-1/> 中的 YESCRYPT_COST_FACTOR 定義。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A minimal value of 1 and a maximal value of 11 will be enforced for YESCRYPT. The default number of rounds is 5." msgstr "YESCRYPT 強制最小值為 1，最大值為 11。預設輪數為 5。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "CAVEATS" msgstr "注意事項" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Remember to set permissions or umask to prevent readability of unencrypted files by other users." msgstr "請記得設定權限或 umask，避免其他使用者讀取未加密的檔案。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "You should make sure the passwords and the encryption method respect the system's password policy." msgstr "您應確保密碼與加密方法符合系統密碼政策。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename #. (itstool) path: phrase/filename #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "/etc/group" msgstr "/etc/group" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Group account information." msgstr "群組帳戶資訊。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename #. (itstool) path: phrase/filename #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/etc/gshadow" msgstr "/etc/gshadow" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Secure group account information." msgstr "安全的群組帳戶資訊。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "gpasswd" msgstr "gpasswd" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "groupadd" msgstr "groupadd" #. (itstool) path: author/contrib msgid "Creation, 1991" msgstr "建立於 1991 年" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "chpasswd" msgstr "chpasswd" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "update passwords in batch mode" msgstr "以批次模式更新密碼" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users. Each line is of the format:" msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令會從標準輸入讀取使用者名稱與密碼配對清單，並使用這些資訊更新一組現有使用者。每列格式如下：" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "user_name" msgstr "user_name" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "By default the passwords must be supplied in clear-text, and are encrypted by <_:command-1/>. Also the password age will be updated, if present." msgstr "預設密碼必須以明文提供，並由 <_:command-1/> 加密。若存在密碼時效，亦會一併更新。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "By default, passwords are encrypted by PAM, but (even if not recommended) you can select a different encryption method with the <_:option-1/> or <_:option-2/> options." msgstr "預設密碼由 PAM 加密，但（即使不建議）您可使用 <_:option-1/> 或 <_:option-2/> 選項選擇不同的加密方法。" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "Except when PAM is used to encrypt the passwords," msgstr "除使用 PAM 加密密碼的情況外，" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:phrase-1/> <_:command-2/> first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to disk if no errors occurred for any user." msgstr "<_:phrase-1/> <_:command-2/> 會先在記憶體中更新所有密碼，若所有使用者皆無錯誤，再將全部變更寫入磁碟。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "When PAM is used to encrypt the passwords (and update the passwords in the system database) then if a password cannot be updated <_:command-1/> continues updating the passwords of the next users, and will return an error code on exit." msgstr "若使用 PAM 加密密碼（並更新系統資料庫中的密碼），當某個密碼無法更新時，<_:command-1/> 會繼續更新下一位使用者的密碼，並於結束時回傳錯誤碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "METHOD" msgstr "METHOD" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "By default, PAM is used to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "預設使用 PAM 加密密碼。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "By default (if none of the <_:option-1/> or <_:option-2/> options are specified), the encryption method is defined by the <_:option-3/> variable of <_:filename-4/>." msgstr "預設（若未指定 <_:option-1/> 或 <_:option-2/> 選項），加密方法由 <_:filename-4/> 的 <_:option-3/> 變數定義。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Apply changes to configuration files under the root filesystem found under the directory <_:replaceable-1/>. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "對 <_:replaceable-1/> 目錄下根檔案系統中的設定檔套用變更。此選項不會 chroot，適用於準備交叉編譯目標。部分限制：不驗證 NIS 與 LDAP 使用者／群組。PAM 驗證使用主機檔案。不支援 SELINUX。" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "ROUNDS" msgstr "ROUNDS" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/pam.d/chpasswd" msgstr "/etc/pam.d/chpasswd" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "PAM configuration for <_:command-1/>." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 的 PAM 組態。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "newusers" msgstr "newusers" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>," msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>，" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "useradd" msgstr "useradd" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:phrase-3/> <_:citerefentry-4/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:phrase-3/> <_:citerefentry-4/>。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "change login shell" msgstr "變更登入 Shell" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command changes the user login shell. This determines the name of the user's initial login command. A normal user may only change the login shell for her own account; the superuser may change the login shell for any account." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令會變更使用者登入 Shell。這決定了使用者初始登入命令的名稱。一般使用者僅能變更自己帳戶的登入 Shell；超級使用者可變更任何帳戶的登入 Shell。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--shell" msgstr "--shell" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SHELL" msgstr "SHELL" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes the system to select the default login shell." msgstr "使用者新登入 Shell 的名稱。將此欄位設為空白會讓系統選用預設登入 Shell。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If the <_:option-1/> option is not selected, <_:command-2/> operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current login shell. Enter the new value to change the shell, or leave the line blank to use the current one. The current shell is displayed between a pair of <_:emphasis-3/> marks." msgstr "若未選取 <_:option-1/> 選項，<_:command-2/> 會以互動模式運作，提示使用者目前的登入 Shell。輸入新值即可變更 Shell，留空則使用目前的值。目前的 Shell 會顯示在一對 <_:emphasis-3/> 標記之間。" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/shells" msgstr "/etc/shells" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command name must be listed in <_:filename-1/>." msgstr "對登入 Shell 唯一的限制是命令名稱必須列於 <_:filename-1/> 中。" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "%vendordir%/shells" msgstr "%vendordir%/shells" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "%vendordir%/shells.d/*" msgstr "%vendordir%/shells.d/*" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/etc/shells.d/*" msgstr "/etc/shells.d/*" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/etc/shells.d/@filename@" msgstr "/etc/shells.d/@filename@" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "%vendordir%/shells.d/@filename@" msgstr "%vendordir%/shells.d/@filename@" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If this file does not exist, the definitions are taken from the files <_:filename-1/>, <_:filename-2/> and <_:filename-3/> in that order. If <_:filename-4/> exists, then <_:filename-5/> will not be used." msgstr "若此檔案不存在，則依序取用 <_:filename-1/>、<_:filename-2/> 與 <_:filename-3/> 檔中的定義。若 <_:filename-4/> 存在，則不會使用 <_:filename-5/>。" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/bin/rsh" msgstr "/bin/rsh" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If the invoker is the superuser any value may be added regardless what is defined in the configuration files. An account with a restricted login shell may not change her login shell. For this reason, placing <_:filename-1/> in <_:filename-2/> is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value." msgstr "若呼叫者為超級使用者，可加入任何值，不受設定檔定義限制。擁有受限登入 Shell 的帳戶不得變更其登入 Shell。因此不建議將 <_:filename-1/> 列入 <_:filename-2/>，以免不慎切換至受限 Shell 後，永遠無法改回原本的登入 Shell。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "List of valid login shells." msgstr "有效登入 Shell 清單。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "User defined list of valid login shells." msgstr "使用者定義的有效登入 Shell 清單。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Default configuration file if <_:filename-1/> does not exist." msgstr "若 <_:filename-1/> 不存在時的預設設定檔。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "%vendordir%/shells.d" msgstr "%vendordir%/shells.d" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Directory for additional vendor specific configuration files." msgstr "存放廠商專屬附加設定檔的目錄。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/shells.d" msgstr "/etc/shells.d" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Directory for additional user defined configuration files." msgstr "存放使用者定義附加設定檔的目錄。" #. (itstool) path: author/contrib msgid "Creation, 1989" msgstr "建立於 1989 年" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "faillog" msgstr "faillog" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refmiscinfo msgid "File Formats and Configuration Files" msgstr "檔案格式與設定檔" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "login failure logging file" msgstr "登入失敗記錄檔" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/var/log/faillog" msgstr "/var/log/faillog" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:filename-1/> maintains a count of login failures and the limits for each account." msgstr "<_:filename-1/> 會記錄各帳戶的登入失敗次數與上限。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The file contains fixed length records, indexed by numerical UID. Each record contains the count of login failures since the last successful login; the maximum number of failures before the account is disabled; the line on which the last login failure occurred; the date of the last login failure; and the duration (in seconds) during which the account will be locked after a failure." msgstr "此檔案包含固定長度記錄，以數字 UID 索引。每筆記錄包含自上次成功登入以來的登入失敗次數、停用帳戶前的失敗次數上限、上次登入失敗的線路、上次登入失敗日期，以及失敗後帳戶鎖定的持續時間（秒）。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The structure of the file is:" msgstr "此檔案的結構如下：" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/programlisting msgid "struct faillog { short fail_cnt; short fail_max; char fail_line[12]; time_t fail_time; long fail_locktime; };" msgstr "struct faillog { short fail_cnt; short fail_max; char fail_line[12]; time_t fail_time; long fail_locktime; };" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Failure logging file." msgstr "失敗記錄檔。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "display faillog records or set login failure limits" msgstr "顯示 faillog 記錄或設定登入失敗上限" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> displays the contents of the failure log database (<_:filename-2/>). It can also set the failure counters and limits. When <_:command-3/> is run without arguments, it only displays the faillog records of the users who had a login failure." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 會顯示失敗記錄資料庫（<_:filename-2/>）的內容，亦可設定失敗計數器與上限。若執行 <_:command-3/> 時不帶引數，僅會顯示曾登入失敗的使用者 faillog 記錄。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-a" msgstr "-a" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--all" msgstr "--all" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Display (or act on) faillog records for all users having an entry in the <_:filename-1/> database." msgstr "顯示（或處理）<_:filename-1/> 資料庫中有記錄的所有使用者的 faillog 記錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The range of users can be restricted with the <_:option-1/> option." msgstr "可用 <_:option-1/> 選項限制使用者範圍。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "In display mode, this is still restricted to existing users but forces the display of the faillog entries even if they are empty." msgstr "在顯示模式下，仍限於現有使用者，但會強制顯示 faillog 記錄，即使內容為空。" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-t" msgstr "-t" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "With the <_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/>, <_:option-3/>, <_:option-4/> options, the users' records are changed, even if the user does not exist on the system. This is useful to reset records of users that have been deleted or to set a policy in advance for a range of users." msgstr "搭配 <_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/>、<_:option-3/>、<_:option-4/> 選項時，即使使用者不存在於系統中，其記錄仍會變更。適用於重設已刪除使用者的記錄，或預先為某範圍使用者設定政策。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--lock-secs" msgstr "--lock-secs" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "SEC" msgstr "SEC" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Lock account for <_:replaceable-1/> seconds after failed login." msgstr "登入失敗後鎖定帳戶 <_:replaceable-1/> 秒。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Write access to <_:filename-1/> is required for this option." msgstr "此選項需要 <_:filename-1/> 的寫入權限。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--maximum" msgstr "--maximum" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "MAX" msgstr "MAX" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the maximum number of login failures after the account is disabled to <_:replaceable-1/>." msgstr "將帳戶停用前的登入失敗次數上限設為 <_:replaceable-1/>。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Selecting a <_:replaceable-1/> value of 0 has the effect of not placing a limit on the number of failed logins." msgstr "將 <_:replaceable-1/> 值選為 0 表示不限制失敗登入次數。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "root" msgstr "root" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The maximum failure count should always be 0 for <_:emphasis-1/> to prevent a denial of services attack against the system." msgstr "為避免針對系統的阻斷服務攻擊，<_:emphasis-1/> 的失敗次數上限應恆為 0。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--reset" msgstr "--reset" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Reset the counters of login failures." msgstr "重設登入失敗計數器。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--time" msgstr "--time" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "DAYS" msgstr "DAYS" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Display faillog records more recent than <_:replaceable-1/>." msgstr "顯示較 <_:replaceable-1/> 近期的 faillog 記錄。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--user" msgstr "--user" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "RANGE" msgstr "RANGE" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "<_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>|<_:replaceable-4/>" msgstr "<_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>|<_:replaceable-4/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Display faillog record or maintains failure counters and limits (if used with <_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/> or <_:option-3/> options) only for the specified user(s)." msgstr "僅顯示指定使用者的 faillog 記錄，或維護其失敗計數器與上限（若搭配 <_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> 或 <_:option-3/> 選項）。" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "UID_MIN-UID_MAX" msgstr "UID_MIN-UID_MAX" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "-UID_MAX" msgstr "-UID_MAX" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "UID_MIN-" msgstr "UID_MIN-" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The users can be specified by a login name, a numerical user ID, or a <_:replaceable-1/> of users. This <_:replaceable-2/> of users can be specified with a min and max values (<_:replaceable-3/>), a max value (<_:replaceable-4/>), or a min value (<_:replaceable-5/>)." msgstr "使用者可以登入名稱、數字使用者 ID 或使用者 <_:replaceable-1/> 指定。此使用者 <_:replaceable-2/> 可指定最小與最大值（<_:replaceable-3/>）、最大值（<_:replaceable-4/>）或最小值（<_:replaceable-5/>）。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "When none of the <_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/>, or <_:option-3/> options are used, <_:command-4/> displays the faillog record of the specified user(s)." msgstr "若未使用 <_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> 或 <_:option-3/> 選項，<_:command-4/> 會顯示指定使用者的 faillog 記錄。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> only prints out users with no successful login since the last failure. To print out a user who has had a successful login since their last failure, you must explicitly request the user with the <_:option-2/> flag, or print out all users with the <_:option-3/> flag." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 僅列出上次失敗後未曾成功登入的使用者。若要列出上次失敗後曾成功登入的使用者，必須以 <_:option-2/> 旗標明確指定該使用者，或以 <_:option-3/> 旗標列出所有使用者。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "login" msgstr "login" #. (itstool) path: author/firstname msgid "Rafal" msgstr "Rafal" #. (itstool) path: author/surname msgid "Maszkowski" msgstr "Maszkowski" #. (itstool) path: author/contrib msgid "Creation, 1996" msgstr "建立於 1996 年" #. (itstool) path: refpurpose/phrase msgid "administer <_:filename-1/>" msgstr "管理 <_:filename-1/>" #. (itstool) path: refpurpose/phrase msgid "administer <_:filename-1/> and <_:filename-2/>" msgstr "管理 <_:filename-1/> 與 <_:filename-2/>" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable msgid "option" msgstr "選項" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "group" msgstr "群組" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid ", and <_:filename-1/>" msgstr "，以及 <_:filename-1/>" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "administrators," msgstr "管理員，" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command is used to administer <_:filename-2/><_:phrase-3/>. Every group can have <_:phrase-4/> members and a password." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令用於管理 <_:filename-2/><_:phrase-3/>。每個群組可有 <_:phrase-4/> 成員與密碼。" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-A" msgstr "-A" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "System administrators can use the <_:option-1/> option to define group administrator(s) and the <_:option-2/> option to define members. They have all rights of group administrators and members." msgstr "系統管理員可使用 <_:option-1/> 選項定義群組管理員，並使用 <_:option-2/> 選項定義成員。他們擁有群組管理員與成員的全部權限。" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "a group administrator" msgstr "群組管理員" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "a system administrator" msgstr "系統管理員" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> called by <_:phrase-2/> <_:phrase-3/> with a group name only prompts for the new password of the <_:replaceable-4/>." msgstr "<_:phrase-2/> <_:phrase-3/> 呼叫僅帶群組名稱的 <_:command-1/> 時，只會提示輸入 <_:replaceable-4/> 的新密碼。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command msgid "newgrp" msgstr "newgrp" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If a password is set the members can still use <_:citerefentry-1/> without a password, and non-members must supply the password." msgstr "若已設定密碼，成員仍可免密碼使用 <_:citerefentry-1/>，非成員則必須提供密碼。" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/title msgid "Notes about group passwords" msgstr "群組密碼須知" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/para msgid "Group passwords are an inherent security problem since more than one person is permitted to know the password. However, groups are a useful tool for permitting co-operation between different users." msgstr "群組密碼本質上是安全問題，因為允許多人知曉密碼。然而群組是促成不同使用者協作的實用工具。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Except for the <_:option-1/> and <_:option-2/> options, the options cannot be combined." msgstr "除 <_:option-1/> 與 <_:option-2/> 選項外，各選項不得併用。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The options cannot be combined." msgstr "各選項不得併用。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--add" msgstr "--add" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "user" msgstr "使用者" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Add the <_:replaceable-1/> to the named <_:replaceable-2/>." msgstr "將 <_:replaceable-1/> 加入指定的 <_:replaceable-2/>。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--delete" msgstr "--delete" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Remove the <_:replaceable-1/> from the named <_:replaceable-2/>." msgstr "將 <_:replaceable-1/> 自指定的 <_:replaceable-2/> 移除。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-Q" msgstr "-Q" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--remove-password" msgstr "--remove-password" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Remove the password from the named <_:replaceable-1/>. The group password will be empty. Only group members will be allowed to use <_:command-2/> to join the named <_:replaceable-3/>." msgstr "移除指定 <_:replaceable-1/> 的密碼。群組密碼將為空。僅群組成員可使用 <_:command-2/> 加入指定的 <_:replaceable-3/>。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--restrict" msgstr "--restrict" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Restrict the access to the named <_:replaceable-1/>. The group password is set to \"!\". Only group members with a password will be allowed to use <_:command-2/> to join the named <_:replaceable-3/>." msgstr "限制對指定 <_:replaceable-1/> 的存取。群組密碼設為「！」。僅有密碼的群組成員可使用 <_:command-2/> 加入指定的 <_:replaceable-3/>。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--administrators" msgstr "--administrators" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "<_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>,..." msgstr "<_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>，..." #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the list of administrative users." msgstr "設定管理使用者清單。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--members" msgstr "--members" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the list of group members." msgstr "設定群組成員清單。" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "and <_:filename-1/> files." msgstr "以及 <_:filename-1/> 檔。" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "file." msgstr "檔。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "This tool only operates on the <_:filename-1/> <_:phrase-2/> <_:phrase-3/> Thus you cannot change any NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the corresponding server." msgstr "此工具僅操作 <_:filename-1/> <_:phrase-2/> <_:phrase-3/>。因此您無法變更任何 NIS 或 LDAP 群組，必須在對應伺服器上執行。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "groupdel" msgstr "groupdel" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "groupmod" msgstr "groupmod" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "grpck" msgstr "grpck" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname msgid "gshadow" msgstr "gshadow" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid ", <_:citerefentry-1/>" msgstr "，<_:citerefentry-1/>" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>, <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:citerefentry-5/>, <_:citerefentry-6/><_:phrase-7/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>、<_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:citerefentry-5/>、<_:citerefentry-6/><_:phrase-7/>。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "create a new group" msgstr "建立新群組" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "NEWGROUP" msgstr "NEWGROUP" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令會使用命令列指定的值與系統預設值建立新群組帳戶。新群組將視需要寫入系統檔。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Groupnames may contain only lower and upper case letters, digits, underscores, dashes, or dots. They can end with a dollar sign. Dashes are not allowed at the beginning of the groupname. Fully numeric groupnames and groupnames . or .. are also disallowed." msgstr "群組名稱僅能包含大小寫字母、數字、底線、連字號或點。可結尾為錢字號。群組名稱開頭不得為連字號。亦禁止全數字群組名稱，以及 . 或 .. 群組名稱。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Groupnames may only be up to 32 characters long." msgstr "群組名稱最長僅能 32 個字元。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--force" msgstr "--force" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-g" msgstr "-g" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option causes the command to simply exit with success status if the specified group already exists. When used with <_:option-1/>, and the specified GID already exists, another (unique) GID is chosen (i.e. <_:option-2/> is turned off)." msgstr "若指定的群組已存在，此選項會讓命令直接以成功狀態結束。若與 <_:option-1/> 併用，且指定的 GID 已存在，則會選擇另一個（唯一的）GID（即關閉 <_:option-2/>）。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--gid" msgstr "--gid" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "GID" msgstr "GID" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "GID_MIN" msgstr "GID_MIN" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The numerical value of the group's ID. <_:replaceable-1/> must be unique, unless the <_:option-2/> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to <_:option-3/> and greater than every other group." msgstr "群組 ID 的數字值。除非使用 <_:option-2/> 選項，<_:replaceable-1/> 必須唯一。值須為非負數。預設使用大於或等於 <_:option-3/>、且大於其他所有群組的最小 ID 值。" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "GID_MAX" msgstr "GID_MAX" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "See also the <_:option-1/> option and the <_:option-2/> description." msgstr "另請參見 <_:option-1/> 選項與 <_:option-2/> 說明。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-K" msgstr "-K" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--key" msgstr "--key" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "KEY" msgstr "KEY" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "VALUE" msgstr "VALUE" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "<_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>=<_:replaceable-4/>" msgstr "<_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>=<_:replaceable-4/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Overrides <_:filename-1/> defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others). Multiple <_:option-2/> options can be specified." msgstr "覆寫 <_:filename-1/> 預設值（GID_MIN、GID_MAX 等）。可指定多個 <_:option-2/> 選項。" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "100" msgstr "100" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "499" msgstr "499" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Example: <_:option-1/> <_:replaceable-2/>=<_:replaceable-3/> <_:option-4/> <_:replaceable-5/>=<_:replaceable-6/>" msgstr "範例：<_:option-1/> <_:replaceable-2/>=<_:replaceable-3/> <_:option-4/> <_:replaceable-5/>=<_:replaceable-6/>" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "10" msgstr "10" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Note: <_:option-1/> <_:replaceable-2/>=<_:replaceable-3/>,<_:replaceable-4/>=<_:replaceable-5/> doesn't work yet." msgstr "注意：<_:option-1/> <_:replaceable-2/>=<_:replaceable-3/>，<_:replaceable-4/>=<_:replaceable-5/> 目前尚無作用。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--non-unique" msgstr "--non-unique" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "permits the creation of a group with an already used numerical ID. As a result, for this <_:replaceable-1/>, the mapping towards group <_:replaceable-2/> may not be unique." msgstr "允許建立數字 ID 已被使用的群組。因此對此 <_:replaceable-1/> 而言，對應群組 <_:replaceable-2/> 的映射可能不唯一。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/arg #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-p" msgstr "-p" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--password" msgstr "--password" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "PASSWORD" msgstr "PASSWORD" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "crypt" msgstr "crypt" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/manvolnum #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/manvolnum #. (itstool) path: refmeta/manvolnum msgid "3" msgstr "3" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "defines an initial password for the group account. PASSWORD is expected to be encrypted, as returned by <_:citerefentry-1/>." msgstr "定義群組帳戶的初始密碼。PASSWORD 應為已加密形式，如 <_:citerefentry-1/> 所回傳。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Without this option, the group account will be locked and with no password defined, i.e. a single exclamation mark in the respective field of ths system account file <_:filename-1/> or <_:filename-2/>." msgstr "若無此選項，群組帳戶將被鎖定且未定義密碼，即系統帳戶檔 <_:filename-1/> 或 <_:filename-2/> 對應欄位中僅有一個驚嘆號。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "Note:" msgstr "注意：" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:emphasis-1/> This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/> 不建議使用此選項，因為密碼（或加密密碼）會被列出處理程序的使用者看見。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy." msgstr "您應確保密碼符合系統密碼政策。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--system" msgstr "--system" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Create a system group." msgstr "建立系統群組。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SYS_GID_MIN" msgstr "SYS_GID_MIN" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SYS_GID_MAX" msgstr "SYS_GID_MAX" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The numeric identifiers of new system groups are chosen in the <_:option-1/>-<_:option-2/> range, defined in <_:filename-3/>, instead of <_:option-4/>-<_:option-5/>." msgstr "新系統群組的數字識別碼取自 <_:filename-3/> 中定義的 <_:option-1/>–<_:option-2/> 範圍，而非 <_:option-4/>–<_:option-5/>。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-U" msgstr "-U" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--users" msgstr "--users" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A comma-separated list of usernames to add as members of the group." msgstr "以逗號分隔的使用者名稱清單，將加入為群組成員。" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-N" msgstr "-N" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "USERGROUPS_ENAB" msgstr "USERGROUPS_ENAB" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The default behavior (if the <_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/>, and <_:option-3/> options are not specified) is defined by the <_:option-4/> variable in <_:filename-5/>." msgstr "預設行為（若未指定 <_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> 與 <_:option-3/> 選項）由 <_:filename-5/> 中的 <_:option-4/> 變數定義。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "You may not add a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the corresponding server." msgstr "您不得新增 NIS 或 LDAP 群組，必須在對應伺服器上執行。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDAP, <_:command-1/> will deny the group creation request." msgstr "若群組名稱已存在於 NIS 或 LDAP 等外部群組資料庫，<_:command-1/> 會拒絕群組建立要求。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "invalid argument to option" msgstr "選項的引數無效" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "4" msgstr "4" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "GID is already used (when called without <_:option-1/>)" msgstr "GID 已被使用（未使用 <_:option-1/> 呼叫時）" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "9" msgstr "9" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "group name is already used" msgstr "群組名稱已被使用" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't update group file" msgstr "無法更新群組檔" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "userdel" msgstr "userdel" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command msgid "usermod" msgstr "usermod" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>, <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:citerefentry-5/>, <_:citerefentry-6/>, <_:citerefentry-7/>, <_:citerefentry-8/>, <_:citerefentry-9/>, <_:citerefentry-10/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>、<_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:citerefentry-5/>、<_:citerefentry-6/>、<_:citerefentry-7/>、<_:citerefentry-8/>、<_:citerefentry-9/>、<_:citerefentry-10/>。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "delete a group" msgstr "刪除群組" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "GROUP" msgstr "GROUP" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to <_:replaceable-2/>. The named group must exist." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令會修改系統帳戶檔，刪除所有參照 <_:replaceable-2/> 的記錄。指定的群組必須存在。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option forces the removal of the group, even if there's some user having the group as the primary one." msgstr "此選項會強制移除群組，即使有使用者以該群組為主要群組。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Apply changes in the <_:replaceable-1/> directory and use the configuration files from the <_:replaceable-2/> directory. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "在 <_:replaceable-1/> 目錄中套用變更，並使用 <_:replaceable-2/> 目錄中的設定檔。此選項不會 chroot，適用於準備交叉編譯目標。部分限制：不驗證 NIS 與 LDAP 使用者／群組。PAM 驗證使用主機檔案。不支援 SELINUX。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "You may not remove the primary group of any existing user. You must remove the user before you remove the group." msgstr "您不得移除任何現有使用者的主要群組，必須先移除使用者再移除群組。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "You should manually check all file systems to ensure that no files remain owned by this group." msgstr "您應手動檢查所有檔案系統，確保沒有遺留屬此群組的檔案。" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "6" msgstr "6" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "指定的群組不存在" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't remove user's primary group" msgstr "無法移除使用者的主要群組" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>, <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:citerefentry-5/>, <_:citerefentry-6/>, <_:citerefentry-7/>, <_:citerefentry-8/>, <_:citerefentry-9/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>、<_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:citerefentry-5/>、<_:citerefentry-6/>、<_:citerefentry-7/>、<_:citerefentry-8/>、<_:citerefentry-9/>。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "modify a group definition on the system" msgstr "修改系統上的群組定義" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command modifies the definition of the specified <_:replaceable-2/> by modifying the appropriate entry in the group database." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令會修改群組資料庫中對應記錄，以修改指定的 <_:replaceable-2/> 定義。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--append" msgstr "--append" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If group members are specified with -U, append them to the existing member list, rather than replacing it." msgstr "若以 -U 指定群組成員，則附加至現有成員清單，而非取代。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The group ID of the given <_:replaceable-1/> will be changed to <_:replaceable-2/>." msgstr "指定 <_:replaceable-1/> 的群組 ID 將變更為 <_:replaceable-2/>。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The value of <_:replaceable-1/> must be a non-negative decimal integer. This value must be unique, unless the <_:option-2/> option is used." msgstr "<_:replaceable-1/> 值須為非負十進位整數。除非使用 <_:option-2/> 選項，此值必須唯一。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Users who use the group as primary group will be updated to keep the group as their primary group." msgstr "以該群組為主要群組的使用者將同步更新，以保留該群組為其主要群組。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Any files that have the old group ID and must continue to belong to <_:replaceable-1/>, must have their group ID changed manually." msgstr "凡屬舊群組 ID 且須繼續屬 <_:replaceable-1/> 的檔案，必須手動變更其群組 ID。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "No checks will be performed with regard to the <_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/>, <_:option-3/>, or <_:option-4/> from <_:filename-5/>." msgstr "不會依 <_:filename-5/> 的 <_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/>、<_:option-3/> 或 <_:option-4/> 執行任何檢查。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-n" msgstr "-n" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--new-name" msgstr "--new-name" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "NEW_GROUP" msgstr "NEW_GROUP" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The name of the group will be changed from <_:replaceable-1/> to <_:replaceable-2/> name." msgstr "群組名稱將由 <_:replaceable-1/> 變更為 <_:replaceable-2/> 名稱。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "When used with the <_:option-1/> option, allow to change the group <_:replaceable-2/> to a non-unique value." msgstr "若與 <_:option-1/> 選項併用，允許將群組 <_:replaceable-2/> 變更為非唯一值。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The encrypted password, as returned by <_:citerefentry-1/>." msgstr "加密密碼，如 <_:citerefentry-1/> 所回傳。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The default behavior (if the <_:option-1/> and <_:option-2/> options are not specified) is defined by the <_:option-3/> variable in <_:filename-4/>." msgstr "預設行為（若未指定 <_:option-1/> 與 <_:option-2/> 選項）由 <_:filename-4/> 中的 <_:option-3/> 變數定義。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "E_SUCCESS: success" msgstr "E_SUCCESS：成功" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "E_USAGE: invalid command syntax" msgstr "E_USAGE：無效的命令語法" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "E_BAD_ARG: invalid argument to option" msgstr "E_BAD_ARG：選項的引數無效" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "E_GID_IN_USE: group id already in use" msgstr "E_GID_IN_USE：群組 ID 已被使用" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "E_NOTFOUND: specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "E_NOTFOUND：指定的群組不存在" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "E_NAME_IN_USE: group name already in use" msgstr "E_NAME_IN_USE：群組名稱已被使用" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "E_GRP_UPDATE: can't update group file" msgstr "E_GRP_UPDATE：無法更新群組檔" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "11" msgstr "11" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "E_CLEANUP_SERVICE: can't setup cleanup service" msgstr "E_CLEANUP_SERVICE：無法設定清除服務" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "12" msgstr "12" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "E_PAM_USERNAME: can't determine your username for use with pam" msgstr "E_PAM_USERNAME：無法判斷供 pam 使用的使用者名稱" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "13" msgstr "13" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "E_PAM_ERROR: pam returned an error, see syslog facility id groupmod for the PAM error message" msgstr "E_PAM_ERROR：pam 回傳錯誤，PAM 錯誤訊息請見 syslog 設施 id groupmod" #. (itstool) path: author/contrib msgid "Creation, 1992" msgstr "建立於 1992 年" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "verify integrity of group files" msgstr "驗證群組檔完整性" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "and <_:filename-1/>" msgstr "以及 <_:filename-1/>" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command verifies the integrity of the groups information. It checks that all entries in <_:filename-2/> <_:phrase-3/> have the proper format and contain valid data. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令會驗證群組資訊的完整性，檢查 <_:filename-2/> <_:phrase-3/> 中所有記錄格式正確且資料有效。格式不正確或有其他無法修正錯誤的記錄，將提示使用者刪除。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Checks are made to verify that each entry has:" msgstr "將檢查每筆記錄具有：" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "the correct number of fields" msgstr "正確的欄位數" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "a unique and valid group name" msgstr "唯一且有效的群組名稱" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "(<_:filename-1/> only)" msgstr "（僅 <_:filename-1/>）" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "a valid group identifier <_:phrase-1/>" msgstr "有效的群組識別碼 <_:phrase-1/>" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "and administrators" msgstr "以及管理員" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "a valid list of members <_:phrase-1/>" msgstr "有效的成員清單 <_:phrase-1/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "a corresponding entry in the <_:filename-1/> file (respectively <_:filename-2/> for the <_:filename-3/> checks)" msgstr "<_:filename-1/> 檔中的對應記錄（<_:filename-3/> 檢查則為 <_:filename-2/>）" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The checks for correct number of fields and unique group name are fatal. If an entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed. An entry with a duplicated group name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made. All other errors are warnings and the user is encouraged to run the <_:command-1/> command to correct the error." msgstr "欄位數正確與群組名稱唯一的檢查是致命的。若記錄欄位數錯誤，將提示使用者刪除整列；若使用者未肯定回答，則略過後續所有檢查。群組名稱重複的記錄會提示刪除，但其餘檢查仍會執行。所有其他錯誤皆為警告，建議使用者執行 <_:command-1/> 命令修正錯誤。" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "file" msgstr "檔" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "and <_:filename-1/> files" msgstr "以及 <_:filename-1/> 檔" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The commands which operate on the <_:filename-1/> <_:phrase-2/><_:phrase-3/> are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries. <_:command-4/> should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entries." msgstr "操作 <_:filename-1/> <_:phrase-2/><_:phrase-3/> 的命令無法修改損毀或重複的記錄。此類情況下應使用 <_:command-4/> 移除違規記錄。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:option-1/> and <_:option-2/> options cannot be combined." msgstr "<_:option-1/> 與 <_:option-2/> 選項不得併用。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--read-only" msgstr "--read-only" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "no" msgstr "否" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Execute the <_:command-1/> command in read-only mode. This causes all questions regarding changes to be answered <_:emphasis-2/> without user intervention." msgstr "以唯讀模式執行 <_:command-1/> 命令。這會讓所有關於變更的詢問不經使用者介入，直接以 <_:emphasis-2/> 回答。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--sort" msgstr "--sort" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Sort entries in <_:filename-1/> <_:phrase-2/> by GID." msgstr "依 GID 排序 <_:filename-1/> <_:phrase-2/> 中的記錄。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-S" msgstr "-S" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--silence-warnings" msgstr "--silence-warnings" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/etc/ghadow" msgstr "/etc/ghadow" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Suppress more controversial warnings, in particular warnings about inconsistency between group members listed in <_:filename-1/> and <_:filename-2/>." msgstr "抑制較具爭議的警告，特別是關於 <_:filename-1/> 與 <_:filename-2/> 所列群組成員不一致的警告。" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "parameter." msgstr "參數。" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "and <_:emphasis-1/> parameters." msgstr "以及 <_:emphasis-1/> 參數。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "By default, <_:command-1/> operates on <_:filename-2/> <_:phrase-3/>. The user may select alternate files with the <_:emphasis-4/> <_:phrase-5/> <_:phrase-6/>" msgstr "預設 <_:command-1/> 操作 <_:filename-2/> <_:phrase-3/>。使用者可以 <_:emphasis-4/> <_:phrase-5/> <_:phrase-6/> 選用其他檔案。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "one or more bad group entries" msgstr "一或多筆不良群組記錄" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't open group files" msgstr "無法開啟群組檔" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't lock group files" msgstr "無法鎖定群組檔" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't update group files" msgstr "無法更新群組檔" #. (itstool) path: phrase/citerefentry msgid "<_:refentrytitle-1/><_:manvolnum-2/>," msgstr "<_:refentrytitle-1/><_:manvolnum-2/>，" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:phrase-3/> <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:citerefentry-5/>, <_:citerefentry-6/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:phrase-3/> <_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:citerefentry-5/>、<_:citerefentry-6/>。" #. (itstool) path: author/contrib msgid "Creation, 2005" msgstr "建立於 2005 年" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "shadowed group file" msgstr "遮蔽群組檔" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:filename-1/> contains the shadowed information for group accounts." msgstr "<_:filename-1/> 包含群組帳戶的遮蔽資訊。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "This file must not be readable by regular users if password security is to be maintained." msgstr "為維護密碼安全，此檔案不得讓一般使用者讀取。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Each line of this file contains the following colon-separated fields:" msgstr "此檔案每列包含下列以冒號分隔的欄位：" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "group name" msgstr "群組名稱" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "It must be a valid group name, which exists on the system." msgstr "須為系統上存在的有效群組名稱。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "encrypted password" msgstr "加密密碼" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Refer to <_:citerefentry-1/> for details on how this string is interpreted." msgstr "此字串的解讀方式詳見 <_:citerefentry-1/>。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of <_:citerefentry-1/>, for instance ! or *, users will not be able to use a unix password to access the group (but group members do not need the password)." msgstr "若密碼欄位包含某些非 <_:citerefentry-1/> 有效結果的字串，例如 ! 或 *，使用者將無法使用 unix 密碼存取群組（但群組成員不需要密碼）。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The password is used when a user who is not a member of the group wants to gain the permissions of this group (see <_:citerefentry-1/>)." msgstr "當非群組成員的使用者想取得此群組權限時會使用密碼（見 <_:citerefentry-1/>）。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This field may be empty, in which case only the group members can gain the group permissions." msgstr "此欄位可為空，為空時僅群組成員可取得群組權限。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked." msgstr "以驚嘆號開頭的密碼欄位表示密碼已鎖定。該列其餘字元代表鎖定前的密碼欄位。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This password supersedes any password specified in <_:filename-1/>." msgstr "此密碼優先於 <_:filename-1/> 中指定的任何密碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "administrators" msgstr "管理員" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "It must be a comma-separated list of user names." msgstr "須為以逗號分隔的使用者名稱清單。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Administrators can change the password or the members of the group." msgstr "管理員可變更群組密碼或成員。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Administrators also have the same permissions as the members (see below)." msgstr "管理員亦擁有與成員相同的權限（見下）。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "members" msgstr "成員" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Members can access the group without being prompted for a password." msgstr "成員無需密碼提示即可存取群組。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "You should use the same list of users as in <_:filename-1/>." msgstr "您應使用與 <_:filename-1/> 相同的使用者清單。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "grpconv" msgstr "grpconv" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>, <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:citerefentry-5/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>、<_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:citerefentry-5/>。" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "lastlog" msgstr "lastlog" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "reports the most recent login of all users or of a given user" msgstr "回報所有使用者或指定使用者的最近登入" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/var/log/lastlog" msgstr "/var/log/lastlog" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "login-name" msgstr "登入名稱" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "port" msgstr "連接埠" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "last login time" msgstr "上次登入時間" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> formats and prints the contents of the last login log <_:filename-2/> file. The <_:emphasis-3/>, <_:emphasis-4/>, and <_:emphasis-5/> will be printed. The default (no flags) causes lastlog entries to be printed, sorted by their order in <_:filename-6/>." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 會格式化並列印上次登入記錄 <_:filename-2/> 檔的內容，將列印 <_:emphasis-3/>、<_:emphasis-4/> 與 <_:emphasis-5/>。預設（無旗標）會依 <_:filename-6/> 中的順序列印 lastlog 記錄。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-b" msgstr "-b" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--before" msgstr "--before" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Print only lastlog records older than <_:replaceable-1/>." msgstr "僅列印較 <_:replaceable-1/> 舊的 lastlog 記錄。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-C" msgstr "-C" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--clear" msgstr "--clear" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Clear lastlog record of a user. This option can be used only together with <_:option-1/> (<_:option-2/>)." msgstr "清除使用者的 lastlog 記錄。此選項僅能與 <_:option-1/>（<_:option-2/>）併用。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--set" msgstr "--set" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set lastlog record of a user to the current time. This option can be used only together with <_:option-1/> (<_:option-2/>)." msgstr "將使用者的 lastlog 記錄設為目前時間。此選項僅能與 <_:option-1/>（<_:option-2/>）併用。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Print the lastlog records more recent than <_:replaceable-1/>." msgstr "列印較 <_:replaceable-1/> 近期的 lastlog 記錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Print the lastlog record of the specified user(s)." msgstr "列印指定使用者的 lastlog 記錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Print the lastlog records of the users that have logged in at least once. Excludes records for users with '**Never logged in**'." msgstr "列印至少登入過一次的使用者 lastlog 記錄。不含「**Never logged in**」記錄。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "** Never logged in**" msgstr "** Never logged in**" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If the user has never logged in the message <_:emphasis-1/> will be displayed instead of the port and time." msgstr "若使用者從未登入，將顯示訊息 <_:emphasis-1/>，而非連接埠與時間。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Only the entries for the current users of the system will be displayed. Other entries may exist for users that were deleted previously." msgstr "僅顯示系統目前使用者的記錄。先前刪除的使用者可能仍有其他記錄存在。" #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "ls -l" msgstr "ls -l" #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "ls -s" msgstr "ls -s" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:filename-1/> file is a database which contains info on the last login of each user. You should not rotate it. It is a sparse file, so its size on the disk is usually much smaller than the one shown by \"<_:command-2/>\" (which can indicate a really big file if you have in <_:filename-3/> users with a high UID). You can display its real size with \"<_:command-4/>\"." msgstr "<_:filename-1/> 檔是記錄各使用者上次登入資訊的資料庫，不應輪轉。它是疏鬆檔，磁碟實際大小通常遠小於「<_:command-2/>」顯示的大小（若 <_:filename-3/> 中有高 UID 使用者，可能顯示為很大的檔案）。可用「<_:command-4/>」查看實際大小。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Database times of previous user logins." msgstr "先前使用者登入時間的資料庫。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Large gaps in UID numbers will cause the lastlog program to run longer with no output to the screen (i.e. if in lastlog database there is no entries for users with UID between 170 and 800 lastlog will appear to hang as it processes entries with UIDs 171-799)." msgstr "UID 編號間隙過大會導致 lastlog 程式長時間執行而無螢幕輸出（例如 lastlog 資料庫中 UID 170 至 800 間無記錄時，處理 UID 171–799 記錄期間看似停滯）。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Having high UIDs can create problems when handling the <_:filename-1/> with external tools. Although the actual file is sparse and does not use too much space, certain applications are not designed to identify sparse files by default and may require a specific option to handle them." msgstr "以外部工具處理 <_:filename-1/> 時，高 UID 可能造成問題。實際檔案雖為疏鬆檔而不佔太多空間，但某些應用程式預設無法識別疏鬆檔，需特定選項處理。" #. (itstool) path: author/firstname msgid "Luca" msgstr "Luca" #. (itstool) path: author/surname msgid "Berra" msgstr "Berra" #. (itstool) path: author/contrib msgid "Creation, 1997" msgstr "建立於 1997 年" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "limits" msgstr "limits" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "resource limits definition" msgstr "資源限制定義" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/limits" msgstr "/etc/limits" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "config.h" msgstr "config.h" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:emphasis-1/> file (<_:filename-2/> by default or LIMITS_FILE defined <_:filename-3/>) describes the resource limits you wish to impose. It should be owned by root and readable by root account only." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/> 檔（預設 <_:filename-2/>，或 <_:filename-3/> 中定義的 LIMITS_FILE）描述您要施加的資源限制，應由 root 擁有且僅 root 帳戶可讀。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "By default no quota is imposed on 'root'. In fact, there is no way to impose limits via this procedure to root-equiv accounts (accounts with UID 0)." msgstr "預設不對「root」施加配額。實際上無法透過此程序對 root 等效帳戶（UID 0 帳戶）施加限制。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:" msgstr "每列描述使用者的限制，格式為：" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "user LIMITS_STRING" msgstr "user LIMITS_STRING" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "or in the form:" msgstr "或格式為：" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "@group LIMITS_STRING" msgstr "@group LIMITS_STRING" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "LIMITS_STRING" msgstr "LIMITS_STRING" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:emphasis-1/> is a string of a concatenated list of resource limits. Each limit consists of a letter identifier followed by a numerical limit." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/> 是串連的資源限制清單字串。每項限制由字母識別碼加數字上限組成。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The valid identifiers are:" msgstr "有效的識別碼如下：" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A: max address space (KB)" msgstr "A：最大位址空間 (KB)" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "C: max core file size (KB)" msgstr "C：最大核心檔大小 (KB)" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "D: max data size (KB)" msgstr "D：最大資料大小 (KB)" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "F: maximum file size (KB)" msgstr "F：最大檔案大小 (KB)" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "umask" msgstr "umask" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "K: file creation mask, set by <_:citerefentry-1/>." msgstr "K：檔案建立遮罩，由 <_:citerefentry-1/> 設定。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "I: max nice value (0..39 which translates to 20..-19)" msgstr "I：最大 nice 值 (0..39，對應 20..-19)" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "L: max number of logins for this user" msgstr "L：此使用者的最大登入數" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "M: max locked-in-memory address space (KB)" msgstr "M：鎖定於記憶體的最大位址空間 (KB)" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "N: max number of open files" msgstr "N：最大開啟檔案數" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "O: max real time priority" msgstr "O：最大即時優先權" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "setpriority" msgstr "setpriority" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "P: process priority, set by <_:citerefentry-1/>." msgstr "P：處理程序優先權，由 <_:citerefentry-1/> 設定。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "R: max resident set size (KB)" msgstr "R：最大常駐集大小 (KB)" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "S: max stack size (KB)" msgstr "S：最大堆疊大小 (KB)" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "T: max CPU time (MIN)" msgstr "T：最大 CPU 時間 (MIN)" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "U: max number of processes" msgstr "U：最大處理程序數" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "L2D2048N5" msgstr "L2D2048N5" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "For example, <_:emphasis-1/> is a valid <_:emphasis-2/>. For reading convenience, the following entries are equivalent:" msgstr "例如 <_:emphasis-1/> 是有效的 <_:emphasis-2/>。為便於閱讀，下列記錄等效：" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/programlisting msgid "username L2D2048N5 username L2 D2048 N5" msgstr "username L2D2048N5 username L2 D2048 N5" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "username" msgstr "使用者名稱" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Be aware that after <_:emphasis-1/> the rest of the line is considered a limit string, thus comments are not allowed. An invalid limits string will be rejected (not considered) by the <_:command-2/> program." msgstr "請注意 <_:emphasis-1/> 之後該列其餘部分視為限制字串，故不允許註解。<_:command-2/> 程式會拒絕（忽略）無效的限制字串。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "*" msgstr "*" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "default" msgstr "預設" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "LIMITS_FILE" msgstr "LIMITS_FILE" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The default entry is denoted by username \"<_:emphasis-1/>\". If you have multiple <_:emphasis-2/> entries in your <_:emphasis-3/>, then the last one will be used as the default entry." msgstr "預設記錄以使用者名稱「<_:emphasis-1/>」表示。若 <_:emphasis-3/> 中有多筆 <_:emphasis-2/> 記錄，則以最後一筆為預設記錄。" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "@group" msgstr "@group" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The limits specified in the form \"<_:replaceable-1/>\" apply to the members of the specified <_:replaceable-2/>." msgstr "以「<_:replaceable-1/>」形式指定的限制適用於指定 <_:replaceable-2/> 的成員。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If more than one line with limits for a user exist, only the first line for this user will be considered." msgstr "若某使用者有多列限制，僅採用第一列。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If no lines are specified for a user, the last <_:replaceable-1/> line matching a group whose the user is a member of will be considered, or the last line with default limits if no groups contain the user." msgstr "若未指定某使用者的任何列，則採用最後一列符合其所屬群組的 <_:replaceable-1/> 列；若使用者不屬任何群組，則採用最後一列預設限制。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/arg #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-" msgstr "-" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "To completely disable limits for a user, a single dash \"<_:emphasis-1/>\" will do." msgstr "要完全停用某使用者的限制，單一連字號「<_:emphasis-1/>」即可。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "To disable a limit for a user, a single dash \"<_:replaceable-1/>\" can be used instead of the numerical value for this limit." msgstr "要停用某使用者的某項限制，可以單一連字號「<_:replaceable-1/>」取代該限制的數字值。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Also, please note that all limit settings are set PER LOGIN. They are not global, nor are they permanent. Perhaps global limits will come, but for now this will have to do ;)" msgstr "另請注意，所有限制設定皆按每次登入生效，既非全域亦非永久。或許未來會有全域限制，但目前只能如此 ;)" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "setrlimit" msgstr "setrlimit" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "begin session on the system" msgstr "在系統上開始作業階段" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable msgid "host" msgstr "主機" #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/arg msgid "-h <_:replaceable-1/>" msgstr "-h <_:replaceable-1/>" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable msgid "ENV=VAR" msgstr "ENV=VAR" #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/arg msgid "-r <_:replaceable-1/>" msgstr "-r <_:replaceable-1/>" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "login:" msgstr "login:" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "exec login" msgstr "exec login" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> program is used to establish a new session with the system. It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the <_:emphasis-2/> prompt on the user's terminal. <_:command-3/> may be special to the shell and may not be invoked as a sub-process. When called from a shell, <_:command-4/> should be executed as <_:emphasis-5/> which will cause the user to exit from the current shell (and thus will prevent the new logged in user to return to the session of the caller). Attempting to execute <_:command-6/> from any shell but the login shell will produce an error message." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 程式用於與系統建立新作業階段。通常在使用者終端機回應 <_:emphasis-2/> 提示時自動呼叫。<_:command-3/> 對 Shell 而言可能特殊，不得作為子處理程序呼叫。若自 Shell 呼叫 <_:command-4/>，應以 <_:emphasis-5/> 執行，這會讓使用者離開目前 Shell（避免新登入使用者回到呼叫者的作業階段）。嘗試從登入 Shell 以外的任何 Shell 執行 <_:command-6/> 將產生錯誤訊息。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate. Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password. Only a small number of password failures are permitted before <_:command-1/> exits and the communications link is severed." msgstr "接著在適當時提示使用者輸入密碼。回顯會關閉以避免洩漏密碼。僅允許少數次密碼失敗，之後 <_:command-1/> 即結束並切斷通訊連線。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be prompted for a new password before proceeding. You will be forced to provide your old password and the new password before continuing. Please refer to <_:citerefentry-1/> for more information." msgstr "若您的帳戶啟用了密碼時效，繼續前可能提示您設定新密碼。您必須先提供舊密碼與新密碼才能繼續。詳情請參閱 <_:citerefentry-1/>。" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/motd" msgstr "/etc/motd" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid ".hushlogin" msgstr ".hushlogin" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "You have new mail." msgstr "您有新郵件。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "You have mail." msgstr "您有郵件。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "No Mail." msgstr "無郵件。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "After a successful login, you will be informed of any system messages and the presence of mail. You may turn off the printing of the system message file, <_:filename-1/>, by creating a zero-length file <_:filename-2/> in your login directory. The mail message will be one of \"<_:emphasis-3/>\", \"<_:emphasis-4/>\", or \"<_:emphasis-5/>\" according to the condition of your mailbox." msgstr "成功登入後，系統會告知任何系統訊息與郵件。在登入目錄中建立零長度檔案 <_:filename-2/>，即可關閉系統訊息檔 <_:filename-1/> 的列印。郵件訊息依信箱狀態為「<_:emphasis-3/>」、「<_:emphasis-4/>」或「<_:emphasis-5/>」之一。" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$HOME" msgstr "$HOME" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$SHELL" msgstr "$SHELL" #. (itstool) path: para/envar #. (itstool) path: term/envar msgid "$PATH" msgstr "$PATH" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$LOGNAME" msgstr "$LOGNAME" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$MAIL" msgstr "$MAIL" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in the <_:filename-1/> file. The value for <_:envar-2/>, <_:envar-3/>, <_:envar-4/>, <_:envar-5/>, and <_:envar-6/> are set according to the appropriate fields in the password entry. Ulimit, umask and nice values may also be set according to entries in the GECOS field." msgstr "您的使用者與群組 ID 將依 <_:filename-1/> 檔中的值設定。<_:envar-2/>、<_:envar-3/>、<_:envar-4/>、<_:envar-5/> 與 <_:envar-6/> 的值依密碼記錄中對應欄位設定。Ulimit、umask 與 nice 值亦可能依 GECOS 欄位中的記錄設定。" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$TERM" msgstr "$TERM" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/ttytype" msgstr "/etc/ttytype" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "On some installations, the environmental variable <_:envar-1/> will be initialized to the terminal type on your tty line, as specified in <_:filename-2/>." msgstr "在某些安裝中，環境變數 <_:envar-1/> 會依 <_:filename-2/> 中的指定，初始化為您 tty 線路的終端機型別。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "An initialization script for your command interpreter may also be executed. Please see the appropriate manual section for more information on this function." msgstr "亦可能執行命令解譯器的初始化指令碼。詳情請見對應手冊章節。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "A subsystem login is indicated by the presence of a \"*\" as the first character of the login shell. The given home directory will be used as the root of a new file system which the user is actually logged into." msgstr "子系統登入以登入 Shell 首字元為「*」表示。指定的家目錄將作為使用者實際登入的新檔案系統根目錄。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "getty" msgstr "getty" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "init" msgstr "init" #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "exec" msgstr "exec" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file. It is the responsibility of <_:citerefentry-2/> and <_:citerefentry-3/> to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session. If you use <_:command-4/> from the shell prompt without <_:command-5/>, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the \"subsession\"." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 程式不負責將使用者自 utmp 檔移除。清理終端機作業階段表面擁有權是 <_:citerefentry-2/> 與 <_:citerefentry-3/> 的責任。若自 Shell 提示符號使用 <_:command-4/> 而未加 <_:command-5/>，即使登出「子作業階段」後，所用的使用者仍會顯示為登入中。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Do not perform authentication, user is preauthenticated." msgstr "不執行驗證，使用者已預先驗證。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Note: in that case, <_:replaceable-1/> is mandatory." msgstr "注意：此情況下 <_:replaceable-1/> 為必填。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Name of the remote host for this login." msgstr "此次登入的遠端主機名稱。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Preserve environment." msgstr "保留環境。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/> and <_:option-3/> options are only used when <_:command-4/> is invoked by root." msgstr "<_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> 與 <_:option-3/> 選項僅於 root 呼叫 <_:command-4/> 時使用。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "This version of <_:command-1/> has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site." msgstr "此版本 <_:command-1/> 有眾多編譯選項，特定站台僅啟用其中部分。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The location of files is subject to differences in system configuration." msgstr "檔案位置因系統組態而異。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "As with any program, <_:command-1/>'s appearance can be faked. If non-trusted users have physical access to a machine, an attacker could use this to obtain the password of the next person coming to sit in front of the machine. Under Linux, the SAK mechanism can be used by users to initiate a trusted path and prevent this kind of attack." msgstr "與任何程式一樣，<_:command-1/> 的外觀可被偽造。若非信任使用者可實體接觸機器，攻擊者可藉此取得下一位使用該機器者的密碼。在 Linux 下，使用者可使用 SAK 機制建立信任路徑，防止此類攻擊。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/var/run/utmp" msgstr "/var/run/utmp" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "List of current login sessions." msgstr "目前登入作業階段清單。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/var/log/wtmp" msgstr "/var/log/wtmp" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "List of previous login sessions." msgstr "先前登入作業階段清單。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "System message of the day file." msgstr "每日系統訊息檔。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/nologin" msgstr "/etc/nologin" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Prevent non-root users from logging in." msgstr "禁止非 root 使用者登入。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "List of terminal types." msgstr "終端機型別清單。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "$HOME/.hushlogin" msgstr "$HOME/.hushlogin" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Suppress printing of system messages." msgstr "抑制系統訊息列印。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "mail" msgstr "mail" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "sh" msgstr "sh" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "su" msgstr "su" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "nologin" msgstr "nologin" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "securetty" msgstr "securetty" #. (itstool) path: author/firstname msgid "Marek" msgstr "Marek" #. (itstool) path: author/surname msgid "Michałkiewicz" msgstr "Michałkiewicz" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "login.access" msgstr "login.access" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "login access control table" msgstr "登入存取控制表" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:emphasis-1/> file specifies (user, host) combinations and/or (user, tty) combinations for which a login will be either accepted or refused." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/> 檔指定允許或拒絕登入的（使用者，主機）組合及／或（使用者，tty）組合。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "When someone logs in, the <_:emphasis-1/> is scanned for the first entry that matches the (user, host) combination, or, in case of non-networked logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination. The permissions field of that table entry determines whether the login will be accepted or refused." msgstr "有人登入時，會掃描 <_:emphasis-1/>，找出首筆符合（使用者，主機）組合的記錄；非網路登入則找首筆符合（使用者，tty）組合的記錄。該表記錄的權限欄位決定接受或拒絕登入。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Each line of the login access control table has three fields separated by a \":\" character:" msgstr "登入存取控制表每列有三個欄位，以「:」字元分隔：" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "permission" msgstr "權限" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "users" msgstr "使用者" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "origins" msgstr "來源" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:emphasis-1/>:<_:emphasis-2/>:<_:emphasis-3/>" msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/>:<_:emphasis-2/>:<_:emphasis-3/>" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "+" msgstr "+" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "ALL" msgstr "ALL" #. (itstool) path: para/literal msgid "." msgstr "." #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "LOCAL" msgstr "LOCAL" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The first field should be a \"<_:emphasis-1/>\" (access granted) or \"<_:emphasis-2/>\" (access denied) character. The second field should be a list of one or more login names, group names, or <_:emphasis-3/> (always matches). The third field should be a list of one or more tty names (for non-networked logins), host names, domain names (begin with \"<_:literal-4/>\"), host addresses, internet network numbers (end with \"<_:literal-5/>\"), <_:emphasis-6/> (always matches) or <_:emphasis-7/> (matches any string that does not contain a \"<_:literal-8/>\" character). If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname in host or user patterns." msgstr "第一欄位應為「<_:emphasis-1/>」（允許存取）或「<_:emphasis-2/>」（拒絕存取）字元。第二欄位應為一或多個登入名稱、群組名稱或 <_:emphasis-3/>（恆匹配）清單。第三欄位應為一或多個 tty 名稱（非網路登入）、主機名稱、網域名稱（以「<_:literal-4/>」開頭）、主機位址、網際網路號（以「<_:literal-5/>」結尾）、<_:emphasis-6/>（恆匹配）或 <_:emphasis-7/>（匹配任何不含「<_:literal-8/>」字元的字串）清單。若執行 NIS，可在主機或使用者模式中使用 @netgroupname。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "EXCEPT" msgstr "EXCEPT" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:emphasis-1/> operator makes it possible to write very compact rules." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/> 運算子可寫出非常精簡的規則。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The group file is searched only when a name does not match that of the logged-in user. Only groups are matched in which users are explicitly listed: the program does not look at a user's primary group id value." msgstr "僅當名稱與登入使用者不符時才搜尋群組檔。僅比對明確列出使用者的群組；程式不檢查使用者的主要群組 ID 值。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "shadow password suite configuration" msgstr "shadow 密碼套件組態" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:filename-1/> file defines the site-specific configuration for the shadow password suite. This file is required. Absence of this file will not prevent system operation, but will probably result in undesirable operation." msgstr "<_:filename-1/> 檔定義 shadow 密碼套件的站台專屬組態。此檔為必需。缺少此檔不會妨礙系統運作，但可能導致不如預期的運作。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "This file is a readable text file, each line of the file describing one configuration parameter. The lines consist of a configuration name and value, separated by whitespace. Blank lines and comment lines are ignored. Comments are introduced with a \"#\" pound sign and the pound sign must be the first non-white character of the line." msgstr "此檔是可讀文字檔，每列描述一個組態參數。各列由組態名稱與值組成，以空白分隔。忽略空白列與註解列。註解以「#」井字號引入，井字號須為該列首個非空白字元。" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "yes" msgstr "是" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "0x" msgstr "0x" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Parameter values may be of four types: strings, booleans, numbers, and long numbers. A string is comprised of any printable characters. A boolean should be either the value <_:replaceable-1/> or <_:replaceable-2/>. An undefined boolean parameter or one with a value other than these will be given a <_:replaceable-3/> value. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values, octal values (precede the value with <_:replaceable-4/>) or hexadecimal values (precede the value with <_:replaceable-5/>). The maximum value of the regular and long numeric parameters is machine-dependent." msgstr "參數值有四種型別：字串、布林、數字與長數字。字串由任何可列印字元組成。布林應為值 <_:replaceable-1/> 或 <_:replaceable-2/>。未定義的布林參數或值非此二者者，將取 <_:replaceable-3/> 值。數字（一般與長皆同）可為十進位值、八進位值（值前加 <_:replaceable-4/>）或十六進位值（值前加 <_:replaceable-5/>）。一般與長數字參數的最大值取決於機器。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "This configuration file controls the behavior of system tools for user and group management. The parameters may be used by shadow-utils programs, PAM modules, and other system components. The actual behavior depends on the system configuration and which authentication mechanisms are enabled." msgstr "此設定檔控制使用者與群組管理系統工具的行為。參數可供 shadow-utils 程式、PAM 模組及其他系統元件使用。實際行為取決於系統組態與啟用的驗證機制。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The following configuration items are provided:" msgstr "提供下列組態項目：" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "PASS_MAX_DAYS" msgstr "PASS_MAX_DAYS" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "PASS_MIN_DAYS" msgstr "PASS_MIN_DAYS" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "PASS_WARN_AGE" msgstr "PASS_WARN_AGE" #. (itstool) path: variablelist/para msgid "<_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/> and <_:option-3/> are only used at the time of account creation. Any changes to these settings won't affect existing accounts." msgstr "<_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> 與 <_:option-3/> 僅於建立帳戶時使用。變更這些設定不影響現有帳戶。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "CROSS REFERENCES" msgstr "交叉參照" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The following cross references show which programs in the shadow password suite use which parameters." msgstr "下列交叉參照顯示 shadow 密碼套件中各程式使用哪些參數。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #. (itstool) path: para/phrase #. (itstool) path: phrase/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "USE_TCB" msgstr "USE_TCB" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "CHFN_AUTH" msgstr "CHFN_AUTH" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "LOGIN_STRING" msgstr "LOGIN_STRING" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:phrase-1/> CHFN_RESTRICT <_:phrase-2/>" msgstr "<_:phrase-1/> CHFN_RESTRICT <_:phrase-2/>" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "BCRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS BCRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS" msgstr "BCRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS BCRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "YESCRYPT_COST_FACTOR" msgstr "YESCRYPT_COST_FACTOR" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:phrase-1/> ENCRYPT_METHOD MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS <_:phrase-2/>" msgstr "<_:phrase-1/> ENCRYPT_METHOD MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS <_:phrase-2/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:phrase-1/> <_:phrase-2/> SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS <_:phrase-3/>" msgstr "<_:phrase-1/> <_:phrase-2/> SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS <_:phrase-3/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "CHSH_AUTH LOGIN_STRING" msgstr "CHSH_AUTH LOGIN_STRING" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "GID_MAX GID_MIN MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN" msgstr "GID_MAX GID_MIN MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP" msgstr "MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "grpunconv" msgstr "grpunconv" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "LASTLOG_UID_MAX" msgstr "LASTLOG_UID_MAX" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "CONSOLE" msgstr "CONSOLE" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "ENV_HZ ENV_PATH ENV_SUPATH ENV_TZ ENVIRON_FILE" msgstr "ENV_HZ ENV_PATH ENV_SUPATH ENV_TZ ENVIRON_FILE" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "FAILLOG_ENAB" msgstr "FAILLOG_ENAB" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "FTMP_FILE" msgstr "FTMP_FILE" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "ISSUE_FILE" msgstr "ISSUE_FILE" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "LASTLOG_ENAB LASTLOG_UID_MAX" msgstr "LASTLOG_ENAB LASTLOG_UID_MAX" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "MAIL_CHECK_ENAB MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MOTD_FILE NOLOGINS_FILE PORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB QUOTAS_ENAB" msgstr "MAIL_CHECK_ENAB MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MOTD_FILE NOLOGINS_FILE PORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB QUOTAS_ENAB" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "ULIMIT UMASK" msgstr "ULIMIT UMASK" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:phrase-1/> CONSOLE_GROUPS DEFAULT_HOME <_:phrase-2/> ERASECHAR FAIL_DELAY <_:phrase-3/> FAKE_SHELL <_:phrase-4/> HUSHLOGIN_FILE <_:phrase-5/> KILLCHAR <_:phrase-6/> LOGIN_RETRIES <_:phrase-7/> LOGIN_TIMEOUT LOG_OK_LOGINS LOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB <_:phrase-8/> TTYGROUP TTYPERM TTYTYPE_FILE <_:phrase-9/> USERGROUPS_ENAB" msgstr "<_:phrase-1/> CONSOLE_GROUPS DEFAULT_HOME <_:phrase-2/> ERASECHAR FAIL_DELAY <_:phrase-3/> FAKE_SHELL <_:phrase-4/> HUSHLOGIN_FILE <_:phrase-5/> KILLCHAR <_:phrase-6/> LOGIN_RETRIES <_:phrase-7/> LOGIN_TIMEOUT LOG_OK_LOGINS LOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB <_:phrase-8/> TTYGROUP TTYPERM TTYTYPE_FILE <_:phrase-9/> USERGROUPS_ENAB" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "newgrp / sg" msgstr "newgrp / sg" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "SYSLOG_SG_ENAB" msgstr "SYSLOG_SG_ENAB" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:phrase-1/> ENCRYPT_METHOD GID_MAX GID_MIN MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP HOME_MODE PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_GID_STORE_BY_UID SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_UID_STORE_BY_UID SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN SYS_UID_MAX SYS_UID_MIN UID_MAX UID_MIN UMASK UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP <_:phrase-2/>" msgstr "<_:phrase-1/> ENCRYPT_METHOD GID_MAX GID_MIN MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP HOME_MODE PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_GID_STORE_BY_UID SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_UID_STORE_BY_UID SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN SYS_UID_MAX SYS_UID_MIN UID_MAX UID_MIN UMASK UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP <_:phrase-2/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:phrase-1/> ENCRYPT_METHOD OBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB PASS_ALWAYS_WARN PASS_CHANGE_TRIES PASS_MAX_LEN PASS_MIN_LEN SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS <_:phrase-2/>" msgstr "<_:phrase-1/> ENCRYPT_METHOD OBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB PASS_ALWAYS_WARN PASS_CHANGE_TRIES PASS_MAX_LEN PASS_MIN_LEN SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS <_:phrase-2/>" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "TCB_AUTH_GROUP TCB_SYMLINKS USE_TCB" msgstr "TCB_AUTH_GROUP TCB_SYMLINKS USE_TCB" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE <_:phrase-1/>" msgstr "PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE <_:phrase-1/>" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "pwconv" msgstr "pwconv" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "pwunconv" msgstr "pwunconv" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "ENV_HZ ENVIRON_FILE" msgstr "ENV_HZ ENVIRON_FILE" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "ENV_TZ LOGIN_STRING MAIL_CHECK_ENAB MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE QUOTAS_ENAB" msgstr "ENV_TZ LOGIN_STRING MAIL_CHECK_ENAB MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE QUOTAS_ENAB" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "SU_WHEEL_ONLY" msgstr "SU_WHEEL_ONLY" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:phrase-1/> CONSOLE_GROUPS DEFAULT_HOME <_:phrase-2/> ENV_PATH ENV_SUPATH <_:phrase-3/> SULOG_FILE SU_NAME <_:phrase-4/> SYSLOG_SU_ENAB <_:phrase-5/>" msgstr "<_:phrase-1/> CONSOLE_GROUPS DEFAULT_HOME <_:phrase-2/> ENV_PATH ENV_SUPATH <_:phrase-3/> SULOG_FILE SU_NAME <_:phrase-4/> SYSLOG_SU_ENAB <_:phrase-5/>" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "sulogin" msgstr "sulogin" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "ENV_HZ ENV_TZ" msgstr "ENV_HZ ENV_TZ" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "TCB_AUTH_GROUP TCB_SYMLINK USE_TCB" msgstr "TCB_AUTH_GROUP TCB_SYMLINK USE_TCB" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "CREATE_HOME GID_MAX GID_MIN HOME_MODE LASTLOG_UID_MAX MAIL_DIR MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_GID_STORE_BY_UID SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_UID_STORE_BY_UID SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN SYS_UID_MAX SYS_UID_MIN UID_MAX UID_MIN UMASK UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP <_:phrase-1/>" msgstr "CREATE_HOME GID_MAX GID_MIN HOME_MODE LASTLOG_UID_MAX MAIL_DIR MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP PASS_MAX_DAYS PASS_MIN_DAYS PASS_WARN_AGE SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_GID_STORE_BY_UID SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_UID_STORE_BY_UID SYS_GID_MAX SYS_GID_MIN SYS_UID_MAX SYS_UID_MIN UID_MAX UID_MIN UMASK UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP <_:phrase-1/>" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "TCB_SYMLINKS USE_TCB" msgstr "TCB_SYMLINKS USE_TCB" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP USERDEL_CMD USERGROUPS_ENAB <_:phrase-1/>" msgstr "MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP USERDEL_CMD USERGROUPS_ENAB <_:phrase-1/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "LASTLOG_UID_MAX MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP <_:phrase-1/>" msgstr "LASTLOG_UID_MAX MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP SUB_GID_COUNT SUB_GID_MAX SUB_GID_MIN SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC SUB_UID_COUNT SUB_UID_MAX SUB_UID_MIN SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC UNSAFE_SUB_GID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP UNSAFE_SUB_UID_DETERMINISTIC_WRAP <_:phrase-1/>" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "vipw" msgstr "vipw" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "BUGS" msgstr "臭蟲" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Much of the functionality that used to be provided by the shadow password suite is now handled by PAM. Thus, <_:filename-1/> is no longer used by <_:citerefentry-2/>, or less used by <_:citerefentry-3/>, and <_:citerefentry-4/>. Please refer to the corresponding PAM configuration files instead." msgstr "shadow 密碼套件過去提供的許多功能現由 PAM 處理。因此 <_:filename-1/> 已不再供 <_:citerefentry-2/> 使用，或較少供 <_:citerefentry-3/> 與 <_:citerefentry-4/> 使用。請改參閱對應 PAM 設定檔。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: para/refentrytitle msgid "pam" msgstr "pam" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>, <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:citerefentry-5/>, <_:citerefentry-6/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>、<_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:citerefentry-5/>、<_:citerefentry-6/>。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "log in to a new group" msgstr "登入新群組" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command is used to change the current group ID during a login session. If the optional <_:option-2/> flag is given, the user's environment will be reinitialized as though the user had logged in, otherwise the current environment, including current working directory, remains unchanged." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令用於在登入作業階段中變更目前群組 ID。若給定選用的 <_:option-2/> 旗標，將如使用者重新登入般重設使用者環境，否則目前環境（含目前工作目錄）保持不變。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> changes the current real group ID to the named group, or to the default group listed in <_:filename-2/> if no group name is given. <_:command-3/> also tries to add the group to the user groupset. If not root, the user will be prompted for a password if she does not have a password (in <_:filename-4/> if this user has an entry in the shadowed password file, or in <_:filename-5/> otherwise) and the group does, or if the user is not listed as a member and the group has a password. The user will be denied access if the group password is empty and the user is not listed as a member." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 會將目前實際群組 ID 變更為指定群組；若未給群組名稱，則為 <_:filename-2/> 所列預設群組。<_:command-3/> 亦嘗試將該群組加入使用者群組集。若非 root，當使用者無密碼（shadow 密碼檔中有該使用者記錄時取自 <_:filename-4/>，否則取自 <_:filename-5/>）而群組有密碼，或使用者未列為成員而群組有密碼時，將提示使用者輸入密碼。若群組密碼為空且使用者未列為成員，將拒絕存取。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If there is an entry for this group in <_:filename-1/>, then the list of members and the password of this group will be taken from this file, otherwise, the entry in <_:filename-2/> is considered." msgstr "若 <_:filename-1/> 中有此群組記錄，則成員清單與密碼取自此檔，否則視 <_:filename-2/> 中的記錄而定。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "id" msgstr "id" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "sg" msgstr "sg" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "update and create new users in batch" msgstr "批次更新與建立新使用者" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command reads a <_:replaceable-2/> (or the standard input by default) and uses this information to update a set of existing users or to create new users. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see <_:citerefentry-3/>) with the exceptions explained below:" msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令讀取 <_:replaceable-2/>（預設為標準輸入），並使用這些資訊更新一組現有使用者或建立新使用者。每列格式與標準密碼檔相同（見 <_:citerefentry-3/>），例外說明如下：" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell" msgstr "pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "pw_name" msgstr "pw_name" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This is the name of the user." msgstr "這是使用者的名稱。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "It can be the name of a new user or the name of an existing user (or a user created before by <_:command-1/>). In case of an existing user, the user's information will be changed, otherwise a new user will be created." msgstr "可為新使用者的名稱，或現有使用者（或先前由 <_:command-1/> 建立的使用者）的名稱。若為現有使用者，將變更該使用者的資訊，否則建立新使用者。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "pw_passwd" msgstr "pw_passwd" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this field is not empty, it will be encrypted and used as the new value of the encrypted password." msgstr "若此欄位非空，將加密並作為加密密碼的新值。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "pw_uid" msgstr "pw_uid" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This field is used to define the UID of the user." msgstr "此欄位用於定義使用者的 UID。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the field is empty, a new (unused) UID will be defined automatically by <_:command-1/>." msgstr "若欄位為空，<_:command-1/> 會自動定義新的（未使用的）UID。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this field contains a number, this number will be used as the UID." msgstr "若此欄位包含數字，該數字將用作 UID。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user created before by <_:command-1/>), the UID of the specified user will be used." msgstr "若此欄位包含現有使用者（或先前由 <_:command-1/> 建立的使用者）的名稱，將使用指定使用者的 UID。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the UID of an existing user is changed, the files ownership of the user's file should be fixed manually." msgstr "若變更現有使用者的 UID，應手動修正使用者檔案的擁有權。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "pw_gid" msgstr "pw_gid" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This field is used to define the primary group ID for the user." msgstr "此欄位用於定義使用者的主要群組 ID。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this field contains the name of an existing group (or a group created before by <_:command-1/>), the GID of this group will be used as the primary group ID for the user." msgstr "若此欄位包含現有群組（或先前由 <_:command-1/> 建立的群組）的名稱，該群組的 GID 將用作使用者的主要群組 ID。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this field is a number, this number will be used as the primary group ID of the user. If no groups exist with this GID, a new group will be created with this GID, and the name of the user." msgstr "若此欄位為數字，該數字將用作使用者的主要群組 ID。若無群組具此 GID，將以此 GID 建立新群組，名稱取使用者名稱。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this field is empty, a new group will be created with the name of the user and a GID will be automatically defined by <_:command-1/> to be used as the primary group ID for the user and as the GID for the new group." msgstr "若此欄位為空，將以使用者名稱建立新群組，<_:command-1/> 會自動定義 GID，用作使用者的主要群組 ID 與新群組的 GID。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this field contains the name of a group which does not exist (and was not created before by <_:command-1/>), a new group will be created with the specified name and a GID will be automatically defined by <_:command-2/> to be used as the primary group ID for the user and GID for the new group." msgstr "若此欄位包含不存在（且先前未由 <_:command-1/> 建立）的群組名稱，將以指定名稱建立新群組，<_:command-2/> 會自動定義 GID，用作使用者的主要群組 ID 與新群組的 GID。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "pw_gecos" msgstr "pw_gecos" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This field is copied in the GECOS field of the user." msgstr "此欄位複製至使用者的 GECOS 欄位。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "pw_dir" msgstr "pw_dir" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This field is used to define the home directory of the user." msgstr "此欄位用於定義使用者的家目錄。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "newusers does not create parent directories" msgstr "newusers 不建立父目錄" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this field does not specify an existing directory, the specified directory is created, with ownership set to the user being created or updated and its primary group. Note that <_:emphasis-1/> of the new user's home directory. The newusers command will fail to create the home directory if the parent directories do not exist, and will send a message to stderr informing the user of the failure. The newusers command will not halt or return a failure to the calling shell if it fails to create the home directory, it will continue to process the batch of new users specified." msgstr "若此欄位指定的目錄不存在，將建立該目錄，擁有權設為新建或更新的使用者及其主要群組。注意 <_:emphasis-1/> 新使用者家目錄。若父目錄不存在，newusers 命令無法建立家目錄，並向 stderr 發送訊息告知使用者失敗。newusers 命令不會因家目錄建立失敗而停止或向呼叫 Shell 回傳失敗，會繼續處理指定的整批新使用者。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the home directory of an existing user is changed, <_:command-1/> does not move or copy the content of the old directory to the new location. This should be done manually." msgstr "若變更現有使用者的家目錄，<_:command-1/> 不會移動或複製舊目錄內容至新位置，應手動執行。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "pw_shell" msgstr "pw_shell" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This field defines the shell of the user. No checks are performed on this field." msgstr "此欄位定義使用者的 Shell，不執行任何檢查。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> first tries to create or change all the specified users, and then write these changes to the user or group databases. If an error occurs (except in the final writes to the databases), no changes are committed to the databases." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 會先嘗試建立或變更所有指定使用者，再將變更寫入使用者或群組資料庫。若發生錯誤（最終寫入資料庫時除外），不提交任何變更至資料庫。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "During this first pass, users are created with a locked password (and passwords are not changed for the users which are not created). A second pass is used to update the passwords using PAM. Failures to update a password are reported, but will not stop the other password updates." msgstr "首次走訪期間，使用者以鎖定密碼建立（未建立的使用者不變更密碼）。第二次走訪使用 PAM 更新密碼。密碼更新失敗會回報，但不停止其他密碼更新。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "This command is intended to be used in a large system environment where many accounts are updated at a single time." msgstr "此命令適用於一次更新大量帳戶的大型系統環境。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--badname" msgstr "--badname" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Allow names that do not conform to standards." msgstr "允許不符合標準的名稱。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The available methods are DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 or SHA512 if your libc support these methods." msgstr "若您的 libc 支援這些方法，可用的方法有 DES、MD5、NONE，以及 SHA256 或 SHA512。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Create a system account." msgstr "建立系統帳戶。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SYS_UID_MIN" msgstr "SYS_UID_MIN" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SYS_UID_MAX" msgstr "SYS_UID_MAX" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "UID_MIN" msgstr "UID_MIN" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "UID_MAX" msgstr "UID_MAX" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "System users will be created with no aging information in <_:filename-1/>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the <_:option-2/>-<_:option-3/> range, defined in <_:filename-4/>, instead of <_:option-5/>-<_:option-6/> (and their <_:option-7/> counterparts for the creation of groups)." msgstr "系統使用者在 <_:filename-1/> 中不帶時效資訊建立，其數字識別碼取自 <_:filename-4/> 中定義的 <_:option-2/>–<_:option-3/> 範圍，而非 <_:option-5/>–<_:option-6/>（建立群組時則為其 <_:option-7/> 對應項）。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A minimal value of 4 and a maximal value of 31 will be enforced for BCRYPT. The default is 13." msgstr "BCRYPT 強制最小值為 4，最大值為 31。預設為 13。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced for SHA256 and SHA512. The default is 5000." msgstr "SHA256 與 SHA512 強制最小值為 1000，最大值為 999,999,999。預設為 5000。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A minimal value of 1 and a maximal value of 11 will be enforced for YESCRYPT. The default is 5." msgstr "YESCRYPT 強制最小值為 1，最大值為 11。預設為 5。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords." msgstr "輸入檔必須妥善保護，因其含有未加密密碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/pam.d/newusers" msgstr "/etc/pam.d/newusers" #. (itstool) path: term/filename #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/etc/subgid" msgstr "/etc/subgid" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs." msgstr "各使用者的從屬群組 ID。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/etc/subuid" msgstr "/etc/subuid" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs." msgstr "各使用者的從屬使用者 ID。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "subgid" msgstr "subgid" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "subuid" msgstr "subuid" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>," msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>，" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "politely refuse a login" msgstr "婉拒登入" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command displays a message that an account is not available and exits non-zero. It is intended as a replacement shell field for accounts that have been disabled." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令會顯示帳戶無法使用的訊息並以非零值結束，適用作已停用帳戶的替代 Shell 欄位。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "To disable all logins, investigate <_:citerefentry-1/>." msgstr "要停用所有登入，請查閱 <_:citerefentry-1/>。" #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND" msgstr "SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If <_:command-1/> is populated it will be logged." msgstr "若已設定 <_:command-1/>，將予以記錄。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "HISTORY" msgstr "歷史" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command appeared in BSD 4.4." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令首見於 BSD 4.4。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "change user password" msgstr "變更使用者密碼" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command changes passwords for user accounts. A regular user can only change the password for their own account, while the superuser can change the password for any account. The <_:command-2/> also changes the account or associated password validity period." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令變更使用者帳戶密碼。一般使用者僅能變更自己帳戶的密碼，超級使用者可變更任何帳戶的密碼。<_:command-2/> 亦變更帳戶或相關密碼有效期。" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/title msgid "Password Changes" msgstr "密碼變更" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/para msgid "If the account has a non-empty password, the user is first prompted to enter their current password. The entered password is encrypted and compared to the stored value. The user has only one attempt to enter the correct password. The superuser can bypass this step to allow changing forgotten passwords." msgstr "若帳戶有非空密碼，會先提示使用者輸入目前密碼。輸入的密碼經加密後與儲存值比對。使用者僅有一次輸入正確密碼的機會。超級使用者可略過此步驟，以便變更遺忘的密碼。" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/para msgid "After the password has been entered, password aging information is checked to determine if the user is permitted to change the password at this time. If not, <_:command-1/> refuses to change the password and exits." msgstr "輸入密碼後，會檢查密碼時效資訊，判斷目前是否允許使用者變更密碼。若否，<_:command-1/> 拒絕變更密碼並結束。" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/para msgid "The user is then prompted twice for a replacement password. The second entry is compared against the first and both are required to match for the password to be changed." msgstr "接著提示使用者輸入兩次替換密碼。兩次輸入必須相符，密碼才會變更。" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/para msgid "Then, the password is tested for complexity. <_:command-1/> rejects passwords that do not meet the complexity requirements. Do not include the system default erase or kill characters." msgstr "接著測試密碼複雜度。<_:command-1/> 拒絕不符合複雜度要求的密碼。勿含系統預設抹除或刪除字元。" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/title msgid "Hints for user passwords" msgstr "使用者密碼提示" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "UNIX" msgstr "UNIX" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/para msgid "The security of a password depends on the strength of the encryption algorithm and the size of the key space. The legacy <_:emphasis-1/> System encryption method is based on the NBS DES algorithm. More recent methods are now recommended (see <_:option-2/>). The size of the key space depends on the randomness of the selected password." msgstr "密碼安全性取決於加密演算法強度與金鑰空間大小。傳統 <_:emphasis-1/> 系統加密方法基於 NBS DES 演算法，現建議使用更新的方法（見 <_:option-2/>）。金鑰空間大小取決於所選密碼的隨機性。" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/para msgid "Compromises in password security normally result from careless password selection or handling. For this reason, you should not select a password which appears in a dictionary or one that must be written down. The password should also not be a proper name, your license number, birth date, or street address. Any of these may be used as guesses to violate system security." msgstr "密碼安全受損通常源於輕率的密碼選擇或保管。因此不應選擇字典中出現的密碼，或必須寫下來的密碼。密碼亦不應為專有名稱、證照號碼、生日或街道地址，皆可能被用作猜測以破壞系統安全。" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/para msgid "As a general guideline, passwords should be long and random. It's fine to use simple character sets, such as passwords consisting only of lowercase letters, if that helps memorizing longer passwords. For a password consisting only of lowercase English letters randomly chosen, and a length of 32, there are 26^32 (approximately 2^150) different possible combinations. Being an exponential equation, it's apparent that the exponent (the length) is more important than the base (the size of the character set)." msgstr "一般準則是密碼應長且隨機。若有助記憶更長的密碼，使用簡單字元集亦可，例如僅由小寫字母組成的密碼。若密碼僅由隨機選取的小寫英文字母組成，長度 32，則有 26^32（約 2^150）種可能組合。既為指數方程，顯然指數（長度）比底數（字元集大小）更重要。" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/para msgid "You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_strength" msgstr "關於如何選擇高強度密碼的建議，見 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_strength" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option can be used only with <_:option-1/> and causes show status for all users." msgstr "此選項僅能與 <_:option-1/> 併用，顯示所有使用者的狀態。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Deletes a user's password, making it empty. This command sets the account to be passwordless." msgstr "刪除使用者密碼使其為空。此命令將帳戶設為無密碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--expire" msgstr "--expire" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Immediately expire an account's password. This in effect can force a user to change their password at the user's next login." msgstr "立即讓帳戶密碼到期。實際效果可強制使用者下次登入時變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option is used to disable an account after the password has been expired for a number of days. After a user account has had an expired password for <_:replaceable-1/> days, the user may no longer sign on to the account." msgstr "此選項用於在密碼到期若干天後停用帳戶。使用者帳戶密碼到期 <_:replaceable-1/> 天後，使用者將無法再登入該帳戶。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-k" msgstr "-k" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--keep-tokens" msgstr "--keep-tokens" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Indicate password change should be performed only for expired authentication tokens (passwords). The user wishes to keep their non-expired tokens as before." msgstr "表示僅對已到期的驗證令牌（密碼）執行密碼變更，使用者希望保留未到期的令牌。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--lock" msgstr "--lock" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Lock the password of the named account. This option disables a password by changing it to a value which matches no possible encrypted value (it adds a ´!´ at the beginning of the password)." msgstr "鎖定指定帳戶的密碼。此選項將密碼改為與任何可能加密值皆不符的值（在密碼開頭加「!」），藉此停用密碼。" #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "usermod --expiredate 1" msgstr "usermod --expiredate 1" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Note that this does not disable the account. The user may still be able to login using another authentication token (e.g. an SSH key). To disable the account, administrators should use <_:command-1/> (this sets the account's expire date to 1970-01-02)." msgstr "注意這不會停用帳戶，使用者仍可能以其他驗證令牌（如 SSH 金鑰）登入。要停用帳戶，管理員應使用 <_:command-1/>（將帳戶到期日設為 1970-01-02）。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Users with a locked password are not allowed to change their password." msgstr "密碼鎖定的使用者不得變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-q" msgstr "-q" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--quiet" msgstr "--quiet" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Quiet mode." msgstr "安靜模式。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--repository" msgstr "--repository" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "REPOSITORY" msgstr "REPOSITORY" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "change password in <_:replaceable-1/> repository" msgstr "在 <_:replaceable-1/> 儲存庫中變更密碼" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Apply changes to configuration files under the root filesystem found under the directory <_:replaceable-1/>. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified. No PAM support. No SELINUX support." msgstr "對 <_:replaceable-1/> 目錄下根檔案系統中的設定檔套用變更。此選項不會 chroot，適用於準備交叉編譯目標。部分限制：不驗證 NIS 與 LDAP 使用者／群組。不支援 PAM。不支援 SELINUX。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--status" msgstr "--status" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Display account status information. The status information consists of 7 fields. The first field is the user's login name. The second field indicates if the user account has a locked password (L), has no password (NP), or has a usable password (P). The third field gives the date of the last password change. The next four fields are the minimum age, maximum age, warning period, and inactivity period for the password. These ages are expressed in days." msgstr "顯示帳戶狀態資訊。狀態資訊由 7 個欄位組成。第一欄位為使用者登入名稱。第二欄位表示使用者帳戶密碼鎖定（L）、無密碼（NP）或密碼可用（P）。第三欄位為上次密碼變更日期。後四欄位為密碼最短期限、最長期限、警告期與閒置期，以天表示。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--unlock" msgstr "--unlock" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Unlock the password of the named account. This option re-enables a password by changing the password back to its previous value (to the value before using the <_:option-1/> option)." msgstr "解鎖指定帳戶的密碼。此選項將密碼恢復為先前值（使用 <_:option-1/> 選項前的值），藉此重啟密碼。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The <_:replaceable-1/> option is the number of days prior to password expiration during which the user is warned that their password is about to expire." msgstr "設定必須變更密碼前發出警告的天數。<_:replaceable-1/> 選項即為密碼到期前警告使用者的天數。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-x" msgstr "-x" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid. After <_:replaceable-1/>, the password is required to be changed." msgstr "設定密碼保持有效的最大天數。<_:replaceable-1/> 後，必須變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--stdin" msgstr "--stdin" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option is used to indicate that passwd should read the new password from standard input, which can be a pipe." msgstr "此選項表示 passwd 應自標準輸入（可為管線）讀取新密碼。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Password complexity checking may vary from site to site. The user is urged to select a password as complex as he or she feels comfortable with." msgstr "密碼複雜度檢查因站台而異。建議使用者選擇自認合適的複雜密碼。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Users may not be able to change their password on a system if NIS is enabled and they are not logged into the NIS server." msgstr "若啟用 NIS 且使用者未登入 NIS 伺服器，使用者可能無法在系統上變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> uses PAM to authenticate users and to change their passwords." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 使用 PAM 驗證使用者並變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/pam.d/passwd" msgstr "/etc/pam.d/passwd" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "invalid combination of options" msgstr "選項組合無效" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "unexpected failure, nothing done" msgstr "非預期失敗，未執行任何動作" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "unexpected failure, <_:filename-1/> file missing" msgstr "非預期失敗，缺少 <_:filename-1/> 檔" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:filename-1/> file busy, try again" msgstr "<_:filename-1/> 檔忙碌中，請重試" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "an error was returned by <_:refentrytitle-1/><_:manvolnum-2/>" msgstr "<_:refentrytitle-1/><_:manvolnum-2/> 回傳錯誤" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "makepasswd" msgstr "makepasswd" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>, <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:phrase-5/> <_:citerefentry-6/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>、<_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:phrase-5/> <_:citerefentry-6/>。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The following web page comically (yet correctly) compares the strength of two different methods for choosing a password: \"https://xkcd.com/936/\"" msgstr "下列網頁詼諧（但正確）地比較了兩種選擇密碼方法的強度：「https://xkcd.com/936/」" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "the password file" msgstr "密碼檔" #. (itstool) path: para/quote msgid ":" msgstr "：" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:filename-1/> contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (<_:quote-2/>). These fields are:" msgstr "<_:filename-1/> 每個使用者帳戶一列，以冒號（<_:quote-2/>）分隔七個欄位，依序為：" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "login name" msgstr "登入名稱" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "optional encrypted password" msgstr "選用的加密密碼" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "numerical user ID" msgstr "數字使用者 ID" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "numerical group ID" msgstr "數字群組 ID" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "user name or comment field" msgstr "使用者名稱或註解欄位" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "user home directory" msgstr "使用者家目錄" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "optional user command interpreter" msgstr "選用的使用者命令解譯器" #. (itstool) path: para/quote msgid "x" msgstr "x" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "must" msgstr "必須" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If the <_:emphasis-1/> field is a lower-case <_:quote-2/>, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the <_:citerefentry-3/> file instead; there <_:emphasis-4/> be a corresponding line in the <_:filename-5/> file, or else the user account is invalid." msgstr "若 <_:emphasis-1/> 欄位為小寫 <_:quote-2/>，則加密密碼實際儲存於 <_:citerefentry-3/> 檔；<_:filename-5/> 檔中<_:emphasis-4/>有對應列，否則使用者帳戶無效。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "any" msgstr "任何" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The encrypted <_:emphasis-1/> field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the <_:filename-2/> file may decide not to permit <_:emphasis-3/> access at all if the <_:emphasis-4/> field is blank." msgstr "加密 <_:emphasis-1/> 欄位可為空，為空則驗證為指定登入名稱時無需密碼。但讀取 <_:filename-2/> 檔的某些應用程式可能在 <_:emphasis-4/> 欄位空白時完全不允許 <_:emphasis-3/> 存取。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "A <_:emphasis-1/> field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the <_:emphasis-2/> field before the password was locked." msgstr "以驚嘆號開頭的 <_:emphasis-1/> 欄位表示密碼已鎖定。該列其餘字元代表鎖定前的 <_:emphasis-2/> 欄位。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of <_:citerefentry-1/>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." msgstr "若密碼欄位包含某些非 <_:citerefentry-1/> 有效結果的字串，例如 ! 或 *，使用者將無法使用 unix 密碼登入（但使用者可以其他方式登入系統）。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The comment field, also known as the gecos field, is used by various system utilities, such as <_:citerefentry-1/>. The use of an ampersand here will be replaced by the capitalised login name when the field is used or displayed by such system utilities." msgstr "註解欄位又稱 gecos 欄位，供 <_:citerefentry-1/> 等各系統公用程式使用。此處的「&」在該欄位被使用或顯示時，將替換為大寫的登入名稱。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. The <_:command-1/> program uses this information to set the value of the <_:envar-2/> environmental variable." msgstr "家目錄欄位提供初始工作目錄名稱。<_:command-1/> 程式使用此資訊設定 <_:envar-2/> 環境變數的值。" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/bin/sh" msgstr "/bin/sh" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The <_:command-1/> program uses this information to set the value of the <_:envar-2/> environmental variable. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value <_:filename-3/>." msgstr "命令解譯器欄位提供使用者命令語言解譯器名稱，或初始執行程式名稱。<_:command-1/> 程式使用此資訊設定 <_:envar-2/> 環境變數的值。若此欄位為空，預設為值 <_:filename-3/>。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Optional encrypted password file." msgstr "選用的加密密碼檔。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/passwd-" msgstr "/etc/passwd-" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Backup file for /etc/passwd." msgstr "/etc/passwd 的備份檔。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by all user and password management tools." msgstr "注意此檔供 shadow 工具套件的工具使用，但非所有使用者與密碼管理工具皆然。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Unprivileged users may write arbitrary non-ASCII characters in the GECOS field, notably including C1 control characters. When reading this file, use the C locale. Otherwise, the contents may look different than they are." msgstr "非特權使用者可在 GECOS 欄位寫入任意非 ASCII 字元，特別含 C1 控制字元。讀取此檔時請使用 C 語言環境，否則內容顯示可能與實際不同。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "getent" msgstr "getent" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "getpwnam" msgstr "getpwnam" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>, <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:citerefentry-5/>, <_:citerefentry-6/>, <_:citerefentry-7/>, <_:citerefentry-8/>, <_:citerefentry-9/>, <_:citerefentry-10/>, <_:citerefentry-11/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>、<_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:citerefentry-5/>、<_:citerefentry-6/>、<_:citerefentry-7/>、<_:citerefentry-8/>、<_:citerefentry-9/>、<_:citerefentry-10/>、<_:citerefentry-11/>。" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "porttime" msgstr "porttime" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "port access time file" msgstr "連接埠存取時間檔" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:emphasis-1/> contains a list of tty devices, user names, and permitted login times." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/> 包含 tty 裝置、使用者名稱與允許登入時間清單。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Each entry consists of three colon separated fields. The first field is a comma separated list of tty devices, or an asterisk to indicate that all tty devices are matched by this entry. The second field is a comma separated list of user names, or an asterisk to indicated that all user names are matched by this entry. The third field is a comma separated list of permitted access times." msgstr "每筆記錄由三個冒號分隔欄位組成。第一欄位為逗號分隔的 tty 裝置清單，或星號表示此記錄匹配所有 tty 裝置。第二欄位為逗號分隔的使用者名稱清單，或星號表示匹配所有使用者名稱。第三欄位為逗號分隔的允許存取時間清單。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "Su" msgstr "Su" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "Mo" msgstr "Mo" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "Tu" msgstr "Tu" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "We" msgstr "We" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "Th" msgstr "Th" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "Fr" msgstr "Fr" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "Sa" msgstr "Sa" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "Wk" msgstr "Wk" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "Al" msgstr "Al" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Each access time entry consists of zero or more days of the week, abbreviated <_:emphasis-1/>, <_:emphasis-2/>, <_:emphasis-3/>, <_:emphasis-4/>, <_:emphasis-5/>, <_:emphasis-6/>, and <_:emphasis-7/>, followed by a pair of times separated by a hyphen. The abbreviation <_:emphasis-8/> may be used to represent Monday thru Friday, and <_:emphasis-9/> may be used to indicate every day. If no days are given, <_:emphasis-10/> is assumed." msgstr "每筆存取時間記錄由零或多個星期縮寫組成，即 <_:emphasis-1/>、<_:emphasis-2/>、<_:emphasis-3/>、<_:emphasis-4/>、<_:emphasis-5/>、<_:emphasis-6/> 與 <_:emphasis-7/>，後接以連字號分隔的一對時間。縮寫 <_:emphasis-8/> 可表示週一至週五，<_:emphasis-9/> 可表示每日。若未給日期，視為 <_:emphasis-10/>。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "EXAMPLES" msgstr "範例" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "jfh" msgstr "jfh" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The following entry allows access to user <_:emphasis-1/> on every port during weekdays from 9am to 5pm." msgstr "下列記錄允許使用者 <_:emphasis-1/> 於平日上午 9 時至下午 5 時存取每個連接埠。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "*:jfh:Wk0900-1700" msgstr "*:jfh:Wk0900-1700" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "oper" msgstr "oper" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/dev/console" msgstr "/dev/console" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/porttime" msgstr "/etc/porttime" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The following entries allow access only to the users <_:emphasis-1/> and <_:emphasis-2/> on <_:filename-3/> at any time. This illustrates how the <_:filename-4/> file is an ordered list of access times. Any other user would match the second entry which does not permit access at any time." msgstr "下列記錄僅允許使用者 <_:emphasis-1/> 與 <_:emphasis-2/> 隨時存取 <_:filename-3/>，說明 <_:filename-4/> 檔為有序的存取時間清單。其他使用者將匹配第二筆不允許任何時間存取的記錄。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/programlisting msgid "console:root,oper:Al0000-2400 console:*:" msgstr "console:root,oper:Al0000-2400 console:*:" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "games" msgstr "games" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The following entry allows access for the user <_:emphasis-1/> on any port during non-working hours." msgstr "下列記錄允許使用者 <_:emphasis-1/> 於非工作時間存取任何連接埠。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "*:games:Wk1700-0900,SaSu0000-2400" msgstr "*:games:Wk1700-0900,SaSu0000-2400" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "File containing port access." msgstr "含連接埠存取的檔案。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "verify the integrity of password files" msgstr "驗證密碼檔完整性" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable msgid "PASSWORDFILE" msgstr "PASSWORDFILE" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "SHADOWFILE" msgstr "SHADOWFILE" #. (itstool) path: phrase/filename msgid "/etc/tcb" msgstr "/etc/tcb" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "(or the files in <_:filename-1/>, when <_:option-2/> is enabled)" msgstr "（啟用 <_:option-2/> 時為 <_:filename-1/> 中的檔案）" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command verifies the integrity of the users and authentication information. It checks that all entries in <_:filename-2/> and <_:filename-3/> <_:phrase-4/> have the proper format and contain valid data. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令驗證使用者與驗證資訊的完整性，檢查 <_:filename-2/> 與 <_:filename-3/> <_:phrase-4/> 中所有記錄格式正確且資料有效。格式不正確或有其他無法修正錯誤的記錄，將提示使用者刪除。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "a unique and valid user name" msgstr "唯一且有效的使用者名稱" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "a valid user and group identifier" msgstr "有效的使用者與群組識別碼" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "a valid primary group" msgstr "有效的主要群組" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "a valid home directory" msgstr "有效的家目錄" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "a valid login shell" msgstr "有效的登入 Shell" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Checks for shadowed password information are enabled when the second file parameter <_:replaceable-1/> is specified or when <_:filename-2/> exists on the system." msgstr "指定第二檔參數 <_:replaceable-1/>，或系統上存在 <_:filename-2/> 時，啟用遮蔽密碼資訊檢查。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "These checks are the following:" msgstr "檢查如下：" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "every passwd entry has a matching shadow entry, and every shadow entry has a matching passwd entry" msgstr "每筆 passwd 記錄皆有相符的 shadow 記錄，且每筆 shadow 記錄皆有相符的 passwd 記錄" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "passwords are specified in the shadowed file" msgstr "密碼於遮蔽檔中指定" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "shadow entries have the correct number of fields" msgstr "shadow 記錄欄位數正確" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "shadow entries are unique in shadow" msgstr "shadow 記錄在 shadow 中唯一" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "the last password changes are not in the future" msgstr "上次密碼變更不在未來" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The checks for correct number of fields and unique user name are fatal. If the entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed. An entry with a duplicated user name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made. All other errors are warnings and the user is encouraged to run the <_:command-1/> command to correct the error." msgstr "欄位數正確與使用者名稱唯一的檢查是致命的。若記錄欄位數錯誤，將提示使用者刪除整列；若使用者未肯定回答，則略過後續所有檢查。使用者名稱重複的記錄會提示刪除，但其餘檢查仍會執行。所有其他錯誤皆為警告，建議使用者執行 <_:command-1/> 命令修正錯誤。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The commands which operate on the <_:filename-1/> file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries. <_:command-2/> should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry." msgstr "操作 <_:filename-1/> 檔的命令無法修改損毀或重複的記錄。此類情況下應使用 <_:command-2/> 移除違規記錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the user won't be displayed." msgstr "僅回報錯誤，不顯示無需使用者處理的警告。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Execute the <_:command-1/> command in read-only mode." msgstr "以唯讀模式執行 <_:command-1/> 命令。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Sort entries in <_:filename-1/> and <_:filename-2/> by UID." msgstr "依 UID 排序 <_:filename-1/> 與 <_:filename-2/> 中的記錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option has no effect when <_:option-1/> is enabled." msgstr "啟用 <_:option-1/> 時此選項無效。" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid "(or the files in <_:filename-1/>)" msgstr "（或 <_:filename-1/> 中的檔案）" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "By default, <_:command-1/> operates on the files <_:filename-2/> and <_:filename-3/><_:phrase-4/>. The user may select alternate files with the <_:replaceable-5/> and <_:replaceable-6/> parameters." msgstr "預設 <_:command-1/> 操作檔案 <_:filename-2/> 與 <_:filename-3/><_:phrase-4/>。使用者可以 <_:replaceable-5/> 與 <_:replaceable-6/> 參數選用其他檔案。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Note that when <_:option-1/> is enabled, you cannot specify an alternative <_:replaceable-2/> file. In future releases, this parameter could be replaced by an alternate TCB directory." msgstr "注意啟用 <_:option-1/> 時，不得指定替代 <_:replaceable-2/> 檔。未來版本此參數可能由替代 TCB 目錄取代。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "one or more bad password entries" msgstr "一或多筆不良密碼記錄" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't open password files" msgstr "無法開啟密碼檔" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't lock password files" msgstr "無法鎖定密碼檔" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't update password files" msgstr "無法更新密碼檔" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't sort password files" msgstr "無法排序密碼檔" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "convert between the system's shadowed and plain account files" msgstr "轉換系統遮蔽與明碼帳戶檔" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command creates <_:filename-2/> from <_:filename-3/> and an optionally existing <_:filename-4/>." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令自 <_:filename-3/> 及選用已存在的 <_:filename-4/> 建立 <_:filename-2/>。" #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "tcb_convert" msgstr "tcb_convert" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> does not work with <_:option-2/> enabled. To convert to tcb passwords, you should first use <_:command-3/> to convert to shadowed passwords by disabling <_:option-4/> in <_:filename-5/> and then convert to tcb password using <_:command-6/> (and re-enable <_:option-7/> in <_:filename-8/>.)" msgstr "<_:command-1/> 不支援啟用 <_:option-2/> 的情況。要轉換為 tcb 密碼，應先在 <_:filename-5/> 中停用 <_:option-4/>，用 <_:command-3/> 轉換為遮蔽密碼，再用 <_:command-6/> 轉換為 tcb 密碼（並在 <_:filename-8/> 中重啟 <_:option-7/>）。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command creates a plain <_:filename-2/> from shadowed <_:filename-3/> and <_:filename-4/> and then removes <_:filename-5/>." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令自遮蔽 <_:filename-3/> 與 <_:filename-4/> 建立明碼 <_:filename-2/>，再移除 <_:filename-5/>。" #. (itstool) path: para/command #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "tcb_unconvert" msgstr "tcb_unconvert" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> does not work with <_:option-2/> enabled. You should first switch back from tcb to shadowed passwords using <_:command-3/>, and then disable <_:option-4/> in <_:filename-5/> before using <_:command-6/>." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 不支援啟用 <_:option-2/> 的情況。應先用 <_:command-3/> 自 tcb 切回遮蔽密碼，再於 <_:filename-5/> 中停用 <_:option-4/> 後使用 <_:command-6/>。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command creates plain <_:filename-2/> from shadowed <_:filename-3/> and <_:filename-4/> and then removes <_:filename-5/>." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令自遮蔽 <_:filename-3/> 與 <_:filename-4/> 建立明碼 <_:filename-2/>，再移除 <_:filename-5/>。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files: <_:filename-1/>, <_:filename-2/>, <_:filename-3/>, and <_:filename-4/>." msgstr "此四支程式皆操作一般與遮蔽密碼及群組檔：<_:filename-1/>、<_:filename-2/>、<_:filename-3/> 與 <_:filename-4/>。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion. <_:command-1/> and <_:command-2/> are similar. First, entries in the shadowed file which don't exist in the plain file are removed. Then, entries in the shadowed file which don't have `x' as the password in plain file are updated. Any missing shadowed entries are added. Finally, passwords in the plain file are replaced with `x'. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the plain file has been edited by hand." msgstr "各程式轉換前取得必要鎖定。<_:command-1/> 與 <_:command-2/> 類似。首先移除遮蔽檔中不存在於明碼檔的記錄，再更新遮蔽檔中有記錄、但明碼檔密碼非「x」的記錄，並加入缺失的遮蔽記錄。最後將明碼檔中的密碼替換為「x」。初始轉換，或明碼檔經手動編輯後更新遮蔽檔，皆可用這些程式。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> will use the values of <_:emphasis-2/>, <_:emphasis-3/>, and <_:emphasis-4/> from <_:filename-5/> when adding new entries to <_:filename-6/>." msgstr "新增記錄至 <_:filename-6/> 時，<_:command-1/> 會使用 <_:filename-5/> 中 <_:emphasis-2/>、<_:emphasis-3/> 與 <_:emphasis-4/> 的值。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Likewise <_:command-1/> and <_:command-2/> are similar. Passwords in the plain file are updated from the shadowed file. Entries which exist in the plain file but not in the shadowed file are left alone. Finally, the shadowed file is removed. Some password aging information is lost by <_:command-3/>. It will convert what it can." msgstr "同樣 <_:command-1/> 與 <_:command-2/> 類似。明碼檔中的密碼自遮蔽檔更新。存在於明碼檔但不在遮蔽檔的記錄保持不動。最後移除遮蔽檔。<_:command-3/> 會遺失部分密碼時效資訊，盡力轉換。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The options which apply to the <_:command-1/>, <_:command-2/>, <_:command-3/>, and <_:command-4/> commands are:" msgstr "適用於 <_:command-1/>、<_:command-2/>、<_:command-3/> 與 <_:command-4/> 命令的選項如下：" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways. Please run <_:command-1/> and <_:command-2/> to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadowed files." msgstr "密碼或群組檔中的錯誤（如無效或重複記錄）可能導致這些程式無限迴圈或以其他奇怪方式失敗。轉換至遮蔽檔或自遮蔽檔轉出前，請先執行 <_:command-1/> 與 <_:command-2/> 修正此類錯誤。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The following configuration variable in <_:filename-1/> changes the behavior of <_:command-2/> and <_:command-3/>:" msgstr "下列 <_:filename-1/> 中的組態變數會改變 <_:command-2/> 與 <_:command-3/> 的行為：" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The following configuration variables in <_:filename-1/> change the behavior of <_:command-2/>:" msgstr "下列 <_:filename-1/> 中的組態變數會改變 <_:command-2/> 的行為：" #. (itstool) path: para/phrase msgid ", <_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>" msgstr "，<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/><_:phrase-4/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/><_:phrase-4/>。" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refmiscinfo msgid "Library Calls" msgstr "函式庫呼叫" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "getspnam" msgstr "getspnam" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "encrypted password file routines" msgstr "加密密碼檔常式" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "SYNTAX" msgstr "語法" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "#include <shadow.h>" msgstr "#include <shadow.h>" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "struct spwd *getspent();" msgstr "struct spwd *getspent();" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "struct spwd *getspnam(char" msgstr "struct spwd *getspnam(char" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "*name" msgstr "*name" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid ");" msgstr ");" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "void setspent();" msgstr "void setspent();" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "void endspent();" msgstr "void endspent();" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "struct spwd *fgetspent(FILE" msgstr "struct spwd *fgetspent(FILE" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "*fp" msgstr "*fp" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "struct spwd *sgetspent(char" msgstr "struct spwd *sgetspent(char" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "*cp" msgstr "*cp" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "int putspent(struct spwd" msgstr "int putspent(struct spwd" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "*p," msgstr "*p," #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "FILE" msgstr "FILE" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "int lckpwdf();" msgstr "int lckpwdf();" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "int ulckpwdf();" msgstr "int ulckpwdf();" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "#include" msgstr "#include" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:emphasis-1/> manipulates the contents of the shadow password file, <_:filename-2/>. The structure in the <_:emphasis-3/> file is:" msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/> 操作遮蔽密碼檔 <_:filename-2/> 的內容。<_:emphasis-3/> 檔中的結構如下：" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/programlisting msgid "struct spwd { char *sp_namp; /* user login name */ char *sp_pwdp; /* encrypted password */ long int sp_lstchg; /* last password change */ long int sp_min; /* days until change allowed. */ long int sp_max; /* days before change required */ long int sp_warn; /* days warning for expiration */ long int sp_inact; /* days before account inactive */ long int sp_expire; /* date when account expires */ unsigned long int sp_flag; /* reserved for future use */ }" msgstr "struct spwd { char *sp_namp; /* user login name */ char *sp_pwdp; /* encrypted password */ long int sp_lstchg; /* last password change */ long int sp_min; /* days until change allowed. */ long int sp_max; /* days before change required */ long int sp_warn; /* days warning for expiration */ long int sp_inact; /* days before account inactive */ long int sp_expire; /* date when account expires */ unsigned long int sp_flag; /* reserved for future use */ }" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The meanings of each field are:" msgstr "各欄位意義如下：" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sp_namp - pointer to null-terminated user name" msgstr "sp_namp - 指向空字元結尾使用者名稱的指標" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sp_pwdp - pointer to null-terminated password" msgstr "sp_pwdp - 指向空字元結尾密碼的指標" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sp_lstchg - days since Jan 1, 1970 password was last changed" msgstr "sp_lstchg - 自 1970 年 1 月 1 日起上次變更密碼的天數" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sp_min - days before which password may not be changed" msgstr "sp_min - 此天數內不得變更密碼" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sp_max - days after which password must be changed" msgstr "sp_max - 此天數後必須變更密碼" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sp_warn - days before password is to expire that user is warned of pending password expiration" msgstr "sp_warn - 密碼到期前警告使用者即將到期的天數" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sp_inact - days after password expires that account is considered inactive and disabled" msgstr "sp_inact - 密碼到期後帳戶視為閒置並停用的天數" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sp_expire - days since Jan 1, 1970 when account will be disabled" msgstr "sp_expire - 自 1970 年 1 月 1 日起帳戶停用的天數" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sp_flag - reserved for future use" msgstr "sp_flag - 保留供未來使用" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "getspent" msgstr "getspent" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "getspname" msgstr "getspname" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "fgetspent" msgstr "fgetspent" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "sgetspent" msgstr "sgetspent" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "struct spwd" msgstr "struct spwd" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "name" msgstr "名稱" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:emphasis-1/>, <_:emphasis-2/>, <_:emphasis-3/>, and <_:emphasis-4/> each return a pointer to a <_:emphasis-5/>. <_:emphasis-6/> returns the next entry from the file, and <_:emphasis-7/> returns the next entry from the given stream, which is assumed to be a file of the proper format. <_:emphasis-8/> returns a pointer to a <_:emphasis-9/> using the provided string as input. <_:emphasis-10/> searches from the current position in the file for an entry matching <_:emphasis-11/>." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/>、<_:emphasis-2/>、<_:emphasis-3/> 與 <_:emphasis-4/> 各回傳指向 <_:emphasis-5/> 的指標。<_:emphasis-6/> 回傳檔中下一筆記錄，<_:emphasis-7/> 回傳給定串流（視為格式正確的檔案）中的下一筆記錄，<_:emphasis-8/> 以提供的字串為輸入回傳指向 <_:emphasis-9/> 的指標，<_:emphasis-10/> 自檔中目前位置搜尋符合 <_:emphasis-11/> 的記錄。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "setspent" msgstr "setspent" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "endspent" msgstr "endspent" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:emphasis-1/> and <_:emphasis-2/> may be used to begin and end, respectively, access to the shadow password file." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/> 與 <_:emphasis-2/> 可分別用於開始與結束存取遮蔽密碼檔。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "lckpwdf" msgstr "lckpwdf" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "ulckpwdf" msgstr "ulckpwdf" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "pw_lock" msgstr "pw_lock" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "spw_lock" msgstr "spw_lock" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:emphasis-1/> and <_:emphasis-2/> routines should be used to insure exclusive access to the <_:filename-3/> file. <_:emphasis-4/> attempts to acquire a lock using <_:emphasis-5/> for up to 15 seconds. It continues by attempting to acquire a second lock using <_:emphasis-6/> for the remainder of the initial 15 seconds. Should either attempt fail after a total of 15 seconds, <_:emphasis-7/> returns -1. When both locks are acquired 0 is returned." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/> 與 <_:emphasis-2/> 常式應用於確保獨佔存取 <_:filename-3/> 檔。<_:emphasis-4/> 嘗試以 <_:emphasis-5/> 取得鎖定，最長 15 秒；接著在最初 15 秒剩餘時間內嘗試以 <_:emphasis-6/> 取得第二道鎖定。若合計 15 秒後任一嘗試失敗，<_:emphasis-7/> 回傳 -1。兩道鎖定皆取得時回傳 0。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "DIAGNOSTICS" msgstr "診斷" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "int" msgstr "int" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Routines return NULL if no more entries are available or if an error occurs during processing. Routines which have <_:emphasis-1/> as the return value return 0 for success and -1 for failure." msgstr "若無更多記錄或處理期間發生錯誤，常式回傳 NULL。回傳值為 <_:emphasis-1/> 的常式，成功回傳 0，失敗回傳 -1。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "These routines may only be used by the superuser as access to the shadow password file is restricted." msgstr "這些常式僅超級使用者可用，因遮蔽密碼檔存取受限。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "getpwent" msgstr "getpwent" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "shadowed password file" msgstr "遮蔽密碼檔" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:filename-1/> is a file which contains the password information for the system's accounts and optional aging information." msgstr "<_:filename-1/> 是包含系統帳戶密碼資訊與選用時效資訊的檔案。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Each line of this file contains 9 fields, separated by colons (<_:quote-1/>), in the following order:" msgstr "此檔案每列含 9 個欄位，以冒號（<_:quote-1/>）分隔，順序如下：" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "It must be a valid account name, which exists on the system." msgstr "須為系統上存在的有效帳戶名稱。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the password field is empty, the user can log in without a password. However, some applications that read the <_:filename-1/> file might block access if the password field is empty." msgstr "若密碼欄位為空，使用者可免密碼登入。但讀取 <_:filename-1/> 檔的某些應用程式可能在密碼欄位為空時阻擋存取。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "!" msgstr "!" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the password field begins with an exclamation mark <_:emphasis-1/>, the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the password hash." msgstr "若密碼欄位以驚嘆號 <_:emphasis-1/> 開頭，表示密碼已鎖定。該列其餘字元代表密碼雜湊。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the password hash consists of a star <_:emphasis-1/>, password access is effectively disallowed; this is because no password can produce a hash like this." msgstr "若密碼雜湊為星號 <_:emphasis-1/>，實際上禁止密碼存取；因任何密碼皆無法產生此雜湊。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the password field contains a string that is not a valid result of <_:citerefentry-1/>, for instance ! or *, the user cannot use a UNIX password to log in. However, the user may log in the system by other means." msgstr "若密碼欄位包含非 <_:citerefentry-1/> 有效結果的字串，例如 ! 或 *，使用者無法使用 UNIX 密碼登入，但可以其他方式登入系統。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "date of last password change" msgstr "上次密碼變更日期" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The date of the last password change, expressed as the number of days since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC." msgstr "上次密碼變更日期，以自 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC 起算的天數表示。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The value 0 indicates that the user must change their password the next time they log in to the system." msgstr "值 0 表示使用者下次登入系統時必須變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "An empty field means that password aging features are disabled." msgstr "欄位為空表示停用密碼時效功能。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "minimum password age" msgstr "密碼最短期限" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The minimum password age is the number of days the user must wait before they can change their password again." msgstr "密碼最短期限是使用者再次變更密碼前必須等待的天數。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "An empty field and value 0 mean that there is no minimum password age." msgstr "欄位為空與值 0 皆表示無密碼最短期限。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "maximum password age" msgstr "密碼最長期限" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The maximum password age is the number of days after which the user must change their password." msgstr "密碼最長期限是使用者必須變更密碼的天數。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "After this number of days has elapsed, the password may still be valid. The user is prompted to change their password at the next login." msgstr "此天數屆滿後密碼可能仍有效，會在下次登入時提示使用者變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "An empty field means that there are no maximum password age, no password warning period, and no password inactivity period (see below)." msgstr "欄位為空表示無密碼最長期限、無密碼警告期，亦無密碼閒置期（見下）。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the maximum password age is lower than the minimum password age, the user cannot change her password." msgstr "若密碼最長期限小於最短期限，使用者無法變更密碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "password warning period" msgstr "密碼警告期" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The number of days before a password expires (see the maximum password age above) during which the user is warned." msgstr "密碼到期（見上述密碼最長期限）前警告使用者的天數。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "An empty field and value 0 mean that there is no password warning period." msgstr "欄位為空與值 0 皆表示無密碼警告期。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "password inactivity period" msgstr "密碼閒置期" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The number of days after a password expires (see the maximum password age above) during which the password is still accepted, and the user must update their password at the next login." msgstr "密碼到期（見上述密碼最長期限）後密碼仍被接受的天數，使用者必須在下次登入時更新密碼。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "After the password expires and the password inactivity period elapses, the user cannot log in and must contact their administrator." msgstr "密碼到期且密碼閒置期屆滿後，使用者無法登入，必須聯絡其管理員。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "An empty string means that no inactivity period is enforced." msgstr "空字串表示不強制閒置期。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "account expiration date" msgstr "帳戶到期日" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The date when the account expires, expressed as the number of days since 1970-01-01." msgstr "帳戶到期日期，以自 1970-01-01 起算的天數表示。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Note that account expiration differs from password expiration. Account expiration prevents the user from logging in, whereas password expiration only prevents users from logging in with their password." msgstr "注意帳戶到期不同於密碼到期。帳戶到期阻止使用者登入，而密碼到期僅阻止使用者以密碼登入。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "An empty field means that the account never expires." msgstr "欄位為空表示帳戶永不到期。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The value 0 should not be used, as it is interpreted either as an account with no expiration or as an expiration date of 1970-01-01." msgstr "不應使用值 0，因其解讀為永不到期的帳戶或到期日 1970-01-01。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "reserved field" msgstr "保留欄位" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This field is reserved for future use." msgstr "此欄位保留供未來使用。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/shadow-" msgstr "/etc/shadow-" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Backup file for /etc/shadow." msgstr "/etc/shadow 的備份檔。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "execute command as different group ID" msgstr "以不同群組 ID 執行命令" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable msgid "command" msgstr "命令" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command works similar to <_:command-2/> but accepts a command. The command will be executed with the <_:filename-3/> shell. With most shells you may run <_:command-4/> from, you need to enclose multi-word commands in quotes. Another difference between <_:command-5/> and <_:command-6/> is that some shells treat <_:command-7/> specially, replacing themselves with a new instance of a shell that <_:command-8/> creates. This doesn't happen with <_:command-9/>, so upon exit from an <_:command-10/> command you are returned to your previous group ID." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令作用類似 <_:command-2/>，但接受命令。命令將以 <_:filename-3/> Shell 執行。在多數 Shell 下執行 <_:command-4/> 時，多字命令需以引號括起。<_:command-5/> 與 <_:command-6/> 另一差異是某些 Shell 特別處理 <_:command-7/>，以 <_:command-8/> 建立的新 Shell 實例取代自身；<_:command-9/> 無此行為，故離開 <_:command-10/> 命令後回到先前的群組 ID。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Start the shell as a login shell." msgstr "以登入 Shell 啟動 Shell。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Specify a command that will be invoked by the shell using its <_:option-1/>." msgstr "指定 Shell 以其 <_:option-1/> 呼叫的命令。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This is the default; for backward compatibility." msgstr "此為預設，為向後相容。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "change user ID or become superuser" msgstr "變更使用者 ID 或成為超級使用者" #. (itstool) path: arg/replaceable msgid "args" msgstr "args" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command is used to become another user during a login session. Invoked without a <_:option-2/>, <_:command-3/> defaults to becoming the superuser. The <_:option-4/> option may be used to provide an environment similar to what the user would expect had the user logged in directly. The <_:option-5/> option may be used to treat the next argument as a command by most shells." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令用於在登入作業階段中成為另一使用者。不帶 <_:option-2/> 呼叫時，<_:command-3/> 預設成為超級使用者。<_:option-4/> 選項可提供如使用者直接登入般的環境。多數 Shell 可用 <_:option-5/> 選項將下一個引數視為命令。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--" msgstr "--" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Options are recognized everywhere in the argument list. You can use the <_:option-1/> argument to stop option parsing. The <_:option-2/> option is special: it is also recognized after <_:option-3/>, but has to be placed before <_:option-4/>." msgstr "引數清單中處處辨識選項。可用 <_:option-1/> 引數停止選項解析。<_:option-2/> 選項特殊：<_:option-3/> 之後亦辨識，但須置於 <_:option-4/> 之前。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The user will be prompted for a password, if appropriate. Invalid passwords will produce an error message. All attempts, both valid and invalid, are logged to detect abuse of the system." msgstr "將在適當時提示使用者輸入密碼。密碼無效將產生錯誤訊息。所有嘗試（有效與無效）皆記錄以偵測濫用。" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/bin:/usr/bin" msgstr "/bin:/usr/bin" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin" msgstr "/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "ENV_PATH" msgstr "ENV_PATH" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "ENV_SUPATH" msgstr "ENV_SUPATH" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The current environment is passed to the new shell. The value of <_:envar-1/> is reset to <_:filename-2/> for normal users, or <_:filename-3/> for the superuser. This may be changed with the <_:option-4/> and <_:option-5/> definitions in <_:filename-6/>." msgstr "目前環境傳遞至新 Shell。<_:envar-1/> 值對一般使用者重設為 <_:filename-2/>，超級使用者重設為 <_:filename-3/>，可由 <_:filename-6/> 中的 <_:option-4/> 與 <_:option-5/> 定義變更。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--command" msgstr "--command" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "COMMAND" msgstr "COMMAND" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The executed command will have no controlling terminal. This option cannot be used to execute interactive programs which need a controlling TTY." msgstr "執行的命令無控制終端機。此選項無法執行需控制 TTY 的互動程式。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--login" msgstr "--login" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "<_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/>, <_:option-3/>" msgstr "<_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/>、<_:option-3/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Provide an environment similar to what the user would expect had the user logged in directly." msgstr "提供如使用者直接登入般的環境。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "When <_:option-1/> is used, it must be specified before any <_:option-2/>. For portability it is recommended to use it as last option, before any <_:option-3/>. The other forms (<_:option-4/> and <_:option-5/>) do not have this restriction." msgstr "使用 <_:option-1/> 時，須置於任何 <_:option-2/> 之前。為可攜性，建議作為最後選項、置於任何 <_:option-3/> 之前。其他形式（<_:option-4/> 與 <_:option-5/>）無此限制。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The shell that will be invoked." msgstr "將呼叫的 Shell。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The shell specified with --shell." msgstr "以 --shell 指定的 Shell。" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--preserve-environment" msgstr "--preserve-environment" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If <_:option-1/> is used, the shell specified by the <_:envar-2/> environment variable." msgstr "若使用 <_:option-1/>，則為 <_:envar-2/> 環境變數指定的 Shell。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The shell indicated in the <_:filename-1/> entry for the target user." msgstr "目標使用者 <_:filename-1/> 記錄中指定的 Shell。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:filename-1/> if a shell could not be found by any above method." msgstr "若上述方法皆找不到 Shell，則為 <_:filename-1/>。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The invoked shell is chosen from (highest priority first): <_:variablelist-1/>" msgstr "呼叫的 Shell 依下列選擇（優先權高者先）：<_:variablelist-1/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the target user has a restricted shell (i.e. the shell field of this user's entry in <_:filename-1/> is not listed in <_:filename-2/>), then the <_:option-3/> option or the <_:envar-4/> environment variable won't be taken into account, unless <_:command-5/> is called by root." msgstr "若目標使用者 Shell 受限（即該使用者 <_:filename-1/> 記錄的 Shell 欄位未列於 <_:filename-2/>），則不採用 <_:option-3/> 選項或 <_:envar-4/> 環境變數，除非 root 呼叫 <_:command-5/>。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "reset according to the <_:filename-1/> options <_:option-2/> or <_:option-3/> (see below);" msgstr "依 <_:filename-1/> 選項 <_:option-2/> 或 <_:option-3/> 重設（見下）；" #. (itstool) path: term/envar #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$IFS" msgstr "$IFS" #. (itstool) path: para/quote msgid "<space><tab><newline>" msgstr "<space><tab><newline>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "reset to <_:quote-1/>, if it was set." msgstr "若曾設定，重設為 <_:quote-1/>。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Preserve the current environment, except for: <_:variablelist-1/>" msgstr "保留目前環境，除外：<_:variablelist-1/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the target user has a restricted shell, this option has no effect (unless <_:command-1/> is called by root)." msgstr "若目標使用者 Shell 受限，此選項無效（除非 root 呼叫 <_:command-1/>）。" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$USER" msgstr "$USER" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The <_:envar-1/>, <_:envar-2/>, <_:envar-3/>, <_:envar-4/>, <_:envar-5/>, and <_:envar-6/> environment variables are reset." msgstr "重設 <_:envar-1/>、<_:envar-2/>、<_:envar-3/>、<_:envar-4/>、<_:envar-5/> 與 <_:envar-6/> 環境變數。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If <_:option-1/> is not used, the environment is copied, except for the variables above." msgstr "若未使用 <_:option-1/>，除上述變數外，環境皆複製。" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$COLORTERM" msgstr "$COLORTERM" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$DISPLAY" msgstr "$DISPLAY" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$XAUTHORITY" msgstr "$XAUTHORITY" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If <_:option-1/> is used, the <_:envar-2/>, <_:envar-3/>, <_:envar-4/>, and <_:envar-5/> environment variables are copied if they were set." msgstr "若使用 <_:option-1/>，曾設定的 <_:envar-2/>、<_:envar-3/>、<_:envar-4/> 與 <_:envar-5/> 環境變數會複製。" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$TZ" msgstr "$TZ" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$HZ" msgstr "$HZ" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "ENV_TZ" msgstr "ENV_TZ" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "ENV_HZ" msgstr "ENV_HZ" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "MAIL_DIR" msgstr "MAIL_DIR" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "MAIL_FILE" msgstr "MAIL_FILE" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If <_:option-1/> is used, the <_:envar-2/>, <_:envar-3/>, and <_:envar-4/> environment variables are set according to the <_:filename-5/> options <_:option-6/>, <_:option-7/>, <_:option-8/>, and <_:option-9/> (see below)." msgstr "若使用 <_:option-1/>，<_:envar-2/>、<_:envar-3/> 與 <_:envar-4/> 環境變數依 <_:filename-5/> 選項 <_:option-6/>、<_:option-7/>、<_:option-8/> 與 <_:option-9/> 設定（見下）。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "ENVIRON_FILE" msgstr "ENVIRON_FILE" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If <_:option-1/> is used, other environment variables might be set by the <_:option-2/> file (see below)." msgstr "若使用 <_:option-1/>，其他環境變數可能由 <_:option-2/> 檔設定（見下）。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Other environments might be set by PAM modules." msgstr "其他環境可能由 PAM 模組設定。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Note that the default behavior for the environment is the following: <_:variablelist-1/>" msgstr "注意環境的預設行為如下：<_:variablelist-1/>" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "On success, <_:command-1/> returns the exit value of the command it executed." msgstr "成功時，<_:command-1/> 回傳所執行命令的結束值。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If this command was terminated by a signal, <_:command-1/> returns the number of this signal plus 128." msgstr "若此命令被訊號終止，<_:command-1/> 回傳該訊號編號加 128。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If su has to kill the command (because it was asked to terminate, and the command did not terminate in time), <_:command-1/> returns 255." msgstr "若 su 必須終止該命令（因要求終止而命令未及時終止），<_:command-1/> 回傳 255。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "success (<_:option-1/> only)" msgstr "成功（僅 <_:option-1/>）" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "System or authentication failure" msgstr "系統或驗證失敗" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "126" msgstr "126" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The requested command was not found" msgstr "找不到要求的命令" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "127" msgstr "127" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The requested command could not be executed" msgstr "無法執行要求的命令" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Some exit values from <_:command-1/> are independent from the executed command: <_:variablelist-2/>" msgstr "<_:command-1/> 部分結束值與執行的命令無關：<_:variablelist-2/>" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>, <_:citerefentry-4/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>、<_:citerefentry-4/>。" #. (itstool) path: refmeta/refentrytitle #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname msgid "suauth" msgstr "suauth" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "detailed su control file" msgstr "詳盡的 su 控制檔" #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/suauth" msgstr "/etc/suauth" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The file <_:filename-1/> is referenced whenever the su command is called. It can change the behaviour of the su command, based upon:" msgstr "每次呼叫 su 命令皆參照 <_:filename-1/> 檔，可依下列改變 su 命令的行為：" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/literallayout msgid "1) the user su is targeting" msgstr "1）su 的目標使用者" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "2) the user executing the su command (or any groups he might be a member of)" msgstr "2）執行 su 命令的使用者（或其所屬群組）" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The file is formatted like this, with lines starting with a # being treated as comment lines and ignored;" msgstr "檔案格式如下，以 # 開頭的列視為註解列並忽略；" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/literallayout msgid "to-id:from-id:ACTION" msgstr "to-id:from-id:ACTION" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "ALL EXCEPT" msgstr "ALL EXCEPT" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Where to-id is either the word <_:emphasis-1/>, a list of usernames delimited by \",\" or the words <_:emphasis-2/> followed by a list of usernames delimited by \",\"." msgstr "to-id 為單字 <_:emphasis-1/>、以「,」分隔的使用者名稱清單，或單字 <_:emphasis-2/> 後接以「,」分隔的使用者名稱清單。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "ALL EXCEPT GROUP" msgstr "ALL EXCEPT GROUP" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "from-id is formatted the same as to-id except the extra word <_:emphasis-1/> is recognized. <_:emphasis-2/> is perfectly valid too. Following <_:emphasis-3/> appears one or more group names, delimited by \",\". It is not sufficient to have primary group id of the relevant group, an entry in <_:citerefentry-4/> is necessary." msgstr "from-id 格式與 to-id 相同，但多認得 <_:emphasis-1/> 一字。<_:emphasis-2/> 亦完全有效。<_:emphasis-3/> 後接一或多個以「,」分隔的群組名稱。僅具相關群組的主要群組 ID 不足，必須有 <_:citerefentry-4/> 中的記錄。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Action can be one only of the following currently supported options." msgstr "動作僅能為下列目前支援的選項之一。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "DENY" msgstr "DENY" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The attempt to su is stopped before a password is even asked for." msgstr "嘗試 su 在詢問密碼前即停止。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "NOPASS" msgstr "NOPASS" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The attempt to su is automatically successful; no password is asked for." msgstr "嘗試 su 自動成功，不詢問密碼。" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid "OWNPASS" msgstr "OWNPASS" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "For the su command to be successful, the user must enter his or her own password. They are told this." msgstr "su 命令成功必須輸入使用者自己的密碼，會如此告知。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Note there are three separate fields delimited by a colon. No whitespace must surround this colon. Also note that the file is examined sequentially line by line, and the first applicable rule is used without examining the file further. This makes it possible for a system administrator to exercise as fine control as he or she wishes." msgstr "注意有三個以冒號分隔的欄位，冒號周圍不得有空白。另注意檔案依序逐列檢查，首條適用規則即採用，不再續查。系統管理員藉此可精細控制。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "EXAMPLE" msgstr "範例" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/literallayout msgid "# sample /etc/suauth file # # A couple of privileged usernames may # su to root with their own password. # root:chris,birddog:OWNPASS # # Anyone else may not su to root unless in # group wheel. This is how BSD does things. # root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY # # Perhaps terry and birddog are accounts # owned by the same person. # Access can be arranged between them # with no password. # terry:birddog:NOPASS birddog:terry:NOPASS #" msgstr "# sample /etc/suauth file # # A couple of privileged usernames may # su to root with their own password. # root:chris,birddog:OWNPASS # # Anyone else may not su to root unless in # group wheel. This is how BSD does things. # root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY # # Perhaps terry and birddog are accounts # owned by the same person. # Access can be arranged between them # with no password. # terry:birddog:NOPASS birddog:terry:NOPASS #" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "There could be plenty lurking. The file parser is particularly unforgiving about syntax errors, expecting no spurious whitespace (apart from beginning and end of lines), and a specific token delimiting different things." msgstr "可能潛藏許多問題。檔案解析器對語法錯誤毫不寬容，不許雜散空白（列首尾除外），且要求特定 token 分隔不同內容。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "syslogd" msgstr "syslogd" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "An error parsing the file is reported using <_:citerefentry-1/> as level ERR on facility AUTH." msgstr "解析檔案錯誤以 <_:citerefentry-1/> 回報，為 AUTH 設施上的 ERR 層級。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "create a new user or update default new user information" msgstr "建立新使用者或更新預設新使用者資訊" #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/arg #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-D" msgstr "-D" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "When invoked without the <_:option-1/> option, the <_:command-2/> command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system. Depending on command line options, the <_:command-3/> command will update system files and may also create the new user's home directory and copy initial files." msgstr "不帶 <_:option-1/> 選項呼叫時，<_:command-2/> 命令使用命令列指定的值加系統預設值建立新使用者帳戶。依命令列選項，<_:command-3/> 命令更新系統檔，亦可能建立新使用者家目錄並複製初始檔。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "By default, a group will also be created for the new user (see <_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/>, <_:option-3/>, and <_:option-4/>)." msgstr "預設亦為新使用者建立群組（見 <_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/>、<_:option-3/> 與 <_:option-4/>）。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--base-dir" msgstr "--base-dir" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "BASE_DIR" msgstr "BASE_DIR" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "HOME_DIR" msgstr "HOME_DIR" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The default base directory for the system if <_:option-1/> <_:replaceable-2/> is not specified. <_:replaceable-3/> is concatenated with the account name to define the home directory." msgstr "若未指定 <_:option-1/> <_:replaceable-2/>，系統的預設基礎目錄。<_:replaceable-3/> 與帳戶名稱串連定義家目錄。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "HOME" msgstr "HOME" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/default/useradd" msgstr "/etc/default/useradd" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/home" msgstr "/home" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this option is not specified, <_:command-1/> will use the base directory specified by the <_:option-2/> variable in <_:filename-3/>, or <_:filename-4/> by default." msgstr "若未指定此選項，<_:command-1/> 使用 <_:filename-3/> 中 <_:option-2/> 變數指定的基礎目錄，預設為 <_:filename-4/>。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--btrfs-subvolume-home" msgstr "--btrfs-subvolume-home" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Create the user's home directory as a Btrfs subvolume." msgstr "以 Btrfs 子卷建立使用者家目錄。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "BTRFS_SUBVOLUME_HOME" msgstr "BTRFS_SUBVOLUME_HOME" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this option is not specified, <_:command-1/> will follow the default behavior defined by the <_:option-2/> variable in <_:filename-3/>. If this variable is not set, the default value is no." msgstr "若未指定此選項，<_:command-1/> 遵循 <_:filename-3/> 中 <_:option-2/> 變數定義的預設行為。若未設定此變數，預設值為 no。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "When the <_:option-1/> command-line option is specified, a Btrfs subvolume is created regardless of any configuration file settings." msgstr "指定 <_:option-1/> 命令列選項時，不論設定檔為何皆建立 Btrfs 子卷。" #. (itstool) path: para/emphasis msgid "not" msgstr "不" #. (itstool) path: para/constant msgid "LOG_WARN" msgstr "LOG_WARN" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the parent directory of the user's home directory is <_:emphasis-1/> on a Btrfs filesystem, <_:command-2/> will <_:emphasis-3/> create a subvolume. Instead, it creates a regular directory, prints a warning to standard error, and logs the event via syslog at level <_:constant-4/>. The user account is still created successfully." msgstr "若使用者家目錄的父目錄在 Btrfs 檔案系統上<_:emphasis-1/>，<_:command-2/> 將<_:emphasis-3/>建立子卷，而建立一般目錄，向標準錯誤列印警告，並以 <_:constant-4/> 層級經 syslog 記錄事件。使用者帳戶仍成功建立。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "statfs" msgstr "statfs" #. (itstool) path: para/literal msgid "E_HOMEDIR" msgstr "E_HOMEDIR" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the filesystem type cannot be determined (e.g., because of insufficient permissions, an I/O error, or a <_:citerefentry-1/> failure), <_:command-2/> treats this as a fatal error: the home directory is not created, the command exits with a non‑zero status (<_:literal-3/>, 12), and an error message is printed." msgstr "若無法判斷檔案系統型別（例如權限不足、I/O 錯誤或 <_:citerefentry-1/> 失敗），<_:command-2/> 視為致命錯誤：不建立家目錄，命令以非零狀態結束（<_:literal-3/>，12），並列印錯誤訊息。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--comment" msgstr "--comment" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "COMMENT" msgstr "COMMENT" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the account, and is currently used as the field for the user's full name." msgstr "任意文字字串，通常為帳戶簡短描述，目前用作使用者全名欄位。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--home-dir" msgstr "--home-dir" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "CREATE_HOME" msgstr "CREATE_HOME" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The new user will be created using <_:replaceable-1/> as the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the <_:replaceable-2/> name to <_:replaceable-3/> and use that as the login directory name. The directory <_:replaceable-4/> is not created by default. However it will be created for non-system users if either the <_:option-5/> flag is specified or <_:replaceable-6/> in <_:filename-7/> is set to true. However, it will never be created if the <_:option-8/> flag is specified." msgstr "新使用者以 <_:replaceable-1/> 為登入目錄值建立。預設將 <_:replaceable-2/> 名稱附加至 <_:replaceable-3/> 作為登入目錄名稱。預設不建立 <_:replaceable-4/> 目錄；但非系統使用者若指定 <_:option-5/> 旗標或 <_:filename-7/> 中 <_:replaceable-6/> 設為 true 即建立；指定 <_:option-8/> 旗標則永不建立。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--defaults" msgstr "--defaults" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "See below, the subsection \"Changing the default values\"." msgstr "見下「變更預設值」小節。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Sets the date on which the user account will be disabled. The value can be specified as a date in the YYYY-MM-DD format or as a number of days since 1970-01-01. The date is interpreted using the UTC timezone." msgstr "設定使用者帳戶停用的日期。值可以是 YYYY-MM-DD 格式的日期，或自 1970-01-01 起算的天數。日期以 UTC 時區解讀。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "EXPIRE" msgstr "EXPIRE" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If not specified, <_:command-1/> uses the default expiry date specified by the <_:option-2/> variable in <_:filename-3/>, or an empty string (no expiry) by default." msgstr "若未指定，<_:command-1/> 使用 <_:filename-3/> 中 <_:option-2/> 變數指定的預設到期日，預設為空字串（不到期）。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Defines the number of days after a password exceeds its maximum age before the user account gets locked. If the user does not change their password within this period of time, their account becomes inactive. This value is stored in the shadow password file. For more information, see <_:citerefentry-1/>." msgstr "定義密碼超過最長期限後、使用者帳戶鎖定前的天數。使用者未於此期間變更密碼，帳戶即停用，值存於 shadow 密碼檔。詳情見 <_:citerefentry-1/>。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A value of 0 disables the account when the password expires, with no delay." msgstr "值 0 表示密碼到期即停用帳戶，無延遲。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A value of -1 empties the respective field in the shadow password file, which means that the inactivity period is not enforced." msgstr "值 -1 清空 shadow 密碼檔對應欄位，表示不強制閒置期。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If not specified, <_:command-1/> uses the default inactivity period specified by the <_:option-2/> variable in <_:filename-3/>, or -1 by default if no value is specified." msgstr "若未指定，<_:command-1/> 使用 <_:filename-3/> 中 <_:option-2/> 變數指定的預設閒置期，未指定值時預設為 -1。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-F" msgstr "-F" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--add-subids-for-system" msgstr "--add-subids-for-system" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Update <_:filename-1/> and <_:filename-2/> even when creating a system account with <_:option-3/> option." msgstr "即使以 <_:option-3/> 選項建立系統帳戶，亦更新 <_:filename-1/> 與 <_:filename-2/>。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The name or the number of the user's primary group. The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group." msgstr "使用者主要群組的名稱或編號。群組名稱須存在。群組編號須參照已存在群組。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-U/--user-group" msgstr "-U/--user-group" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-N/--no-user-group" msgstr "-N/--no-user-group" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If not specified, the behavior of <_:command-1/> will depend on the <_:option-2/> variable in <_:filename-3/>. If this variable is set to <_:replaceable-4/> (or <_:option-5/> is specified on the command line), a group will be created for the user, with the same name as the loginname. If the variable is set to <_:replaceable-6/> (or <_:option-7/> is specified on the command line), useradd will set the primary group of the new user to the value specified by the <_:option-8/> variable in <_:filename-9/>, or 1000 by default." msgstr "若未指定，<_:command-1/> 行為取決於 <_:filename-3/> 中的 <_:option-2/> 變數。若此變數設為 <_:replaceable-4/>（或命令列指定 <_:option-5/>），為使用者建立同登入名稱的群組。若變數設為 <_:replaceable-6/>（或命令列指定 <_:option-7/>），useradd 將新使用者的主要群組設為 <_:filename-9/> 中 <_:option-8/> 變數指定的值，預設為 1000。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-G" msgstr "-G" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--groups" msgstr "--groups" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "GROUP1" msgstr "GROUP1" #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid ",GROUP2,..." msgstr ",GROUP2,..." #. (itstool) path: term/emphasis msgid ",GROUPN" msgstr ",GROUPN" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "<_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>[<_:emphasis-4/>[<_:emphasis-5/>]]]" msgstr "<_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>[<_:emphasis-4/>[<_:emphasis-5/>]]]" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "GROUPS" msgstr "GROUPS" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the <_:option-1/> option. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group. In addition to passing in the -G flag, you can add the option <_:option-2/> to the file <_:filename-3/> which in turn will add all users to those supplementary groups." msgstr "使用者所屬的附加群組清單，各群組以逗號分隔，不含空白。群組受與 <_:option-1/> 選項群組相同的限制。預設使用者僅屬初始群組。除傳入 -G 旗標，可在 <_:filename-3/> 檔加入 <_:option-2/> 選項，將所有使用者加入該等附加群組。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--skel" msgstr "--skel" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "SKEL_DIR" msgstr "SKEL_DIR" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in the user's home directory, when the home directory is created by <_:command-1/>." msgstr "骨架目錄，<_:command-1/> 建立家目錄時複製其中檔與目錄至使用者家目錄。" #. (itstool) path: para/option #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--create-home" msgstr "--create-home" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option is only valid if the <_:option-1/> (or <_:option-2/>) option is specified." msgstr "此選項僅於指定 <_:option-1/>（或 <_:option-2/>）選項時有效。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SKEL" msgstr "SKEL" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/etc/skel" msgstr "/etc/skel" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the <_:option-1/> variable in <_:filename-2/> or, by default, <_:filename-3/>." msgstr "若未設定此選項，骨架目錄由 <_:filename-2/> 中的 <_:option-1/> 變數定義，預設為 <_:filename-3/>。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Absolute symlinks that link back to the skel directory will have the <_:filename-1/> prefix replaced with the user's home directory." msgstr "連回 skel 目錄的絕對符號連結，其 <_:filename-1/> 前綴將替換為使用者家目錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If possible, the ACLs and extended attributes are copied." msgstr "若可能，複製 ACL 與延伸屬性。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "UMASK" msgstr "UMASK" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Overrides <_:filename-1/> defaults (<_:option-2/>, <_:option-3/>, <_:option-4/>, <_:option-5/> and others)." msgstr "覆寫 <_:filename-1/> 預設值（<_:option-2/>、<_:option-3/>、<_:option-4/>、<_:option-5/> 等）。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Example: <_:option-1/> <_:replaceable-2/>=<_:replaceable-3/> can be used when creating an account to turn off password aging. Multiple <_:option-4/> options can be specified, e.g.: <_:option-5/> <_:replaceable-6/> =<_:replaceable-7/> <_:option-8/> <_:replaceable-9/>=<_:replaceable-10/>" msgstr "範例：建立帳戶時可用 <_:option-1/> <_:replaceable-2/>=<_:replaceable-3/> 關閉密碼時效。可指定多個 <_:option-4/> 選項，例如：<_:option-5/> <_:replaceable-6/> =<_:replaceable-7/> <_:option-8/> <_:replaceable-9/>=<_:replaceable-10/>" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--no-log-init" msgstr "--no-log-init" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "不將使用者加入 lastlog 與 faillog 資料庫。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "By default, the user's entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are reset to avoid reusing the entry from a previously deleted user." msgstr "預設重設 lastlog 與 faillog 資料庫中的使用者記錄，避免重用先前刪除使用者的記錄。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "LOG_INIT" msgstr "LOG_INIT" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If this option is not specified, <_:command-1/> will also consult the variable <_:option-2/> in the <_:filename-3/> if set to no the user will not be added to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "若未指定此選項，<_:command-1/> 亦查閱 <_:filename-3/> 中的 <_:option-2/> 變數；若設為 no，使用者不加入 lastlog 與 faillog 資料庫。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with the <_:option-1/> option) will be copied to the home directory." msgstr "若使用者家目錄不存在即建立。骨架目錄（含可以 <_:option-1/> 選項定義者）中的檔與目錄將複製至家目錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "By default, if this option is not specified and <_:option-1/> is not enabled, no home directories are created." msgstr "預設未指定此選項且未啟用 <_:option-1/> 時，不建立家目錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The directory where the user's home directory is created must exist and have proper SELinux context and permissions. Otherwise the user's home directory cannot be created or accessed." msgstr "建立使用者家目錄的上層目錄須存在且具正確 SELinux 脈絡與權限，否則無法建立或存取使用者家目錄。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--no-create-home" msgstr "--no-create-home" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Do not create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from <_:filename-1/> (<_:option-2/>) is set to <_:replaceable-3/>." msgstr "不建立使用者家目錄，即使 <_:filename-1/> 的全系統設定（<_:option-2/>）設為 <_:replaceable-3/>。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--no-user-group" msgstr "--no-user-group" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to the group specified by the <_:option-1/> option or by the <_:option-2/> variable in <_:filename-3/>." msgstr "不建立與使用者同名的群組，而將使用者加入 <_:option-1/> 選項或 <_:filename-3/> 中 <_:option-2/> 變數指定的群組。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "allows the creation of an account with an already existing UID." msgstr "允許以已存在的 UID 建立帳戶。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option is only valid in combination with the <_:option-1/> option. As a user identity serves as key to map between users on one hand and permissions, file ownerships and other aspects that determine the system's behavior on the other hand, more than one login name will access the account of the given UID." msgstr "此選項僅與 <_:option-1/> 選項併用有效。使用者身分作為鍵，對應使用者與權限、檔擁有權等決定系統行為的面向，多個登入名稱將存取給定 UID 的帳戶。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "defines an initial password for the account. PASSWORD is expected to be encrypted, as returned by <_:citerefentry-1/>. Within a shell script, this option allows to create efficiently batches of users." msgstr "定義帳戶初始密碼。PASSWORD 應為已加密形式，如 <_:citerefentry-1/> 所回傳。在 Shell 指令碼中，此選項可有效率建立整批使用者。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Without this option, the new account will be locked and with no password defined, i.e. a single exclamation mark in the respective field of <_:filename-1/>. This is a state where the user won't be able to access the account or to define a password himself." msgstr "無此選項時，新帳戶將鎖定且未定義密碼，即 <_:filename-1/> 對應欄位中僅有一個驚嘆號，使用者無法存取帳戶或自行設定密碼。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:emphasis-1/>Avoid this option on the command line because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/>避免在命令列使用此選項，因為密碼（或加密密碼）會被列出處理程序的使用者看見。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Note that <_:command-1/> will not create a home directory for such a user, regardless of the default setting in <_:filename-2/> (<_:option-3/>). You have to specify the <_:option-4/> options if you want a home directory for a system account to be created." msgstr "注意 <_:command-1/> 不為此類使用者建立家目錄，不論 <_:filename-2/>（<_:option-3/>）預設為何。若要為系統帳戶建立家目錄，須指定 <_:option-4/> 選項。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Note that this option will not update <_:filename-1/> and <_:filename-2/>. You have to specify the <_:option-3/> options if you want to update the files for a system account to be created." msgstr "注意此選項不更新 <_:filename-1/> 與 <_:filename-2/>。若要為建立的系統帳戶更新檔案，須指定 <_:option-3/> 選項。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sets the path to the user's login shell. Without this option, the system will use the <_:option-1/> variable specified in <_:filename-2/>, or, if that is as well not set, the field for the login shell in <_:filename-3/> remains empty." msgstr "設定使用者登入 Shell 路徑。無此選項時，系統使用 <_:filename-2/> 中指定的 <_:option-1/> 變數；若亦未設定，<_:filename-3/> 中登入 Shell 欄位保持空白。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--uid" msgstr "--uid" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "UID" msgstr "UID" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the <_:option-1/> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to <_:option-2/> and greater than every other user." msgstr "使用者 ID 的數字值。除非使用 <_:option-1/> 選項，此值必須唯一。值須為非負數。預設使用大於或等於 <_:option-2/>、且大於其他所有使用者的最小 ID 值。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--user-group" msgstr "--user-group" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Create a group with the same name as the user, and add the user to this group." msgstr "建立與使用者同名的群組，並將使用者加入此群組。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-Z" msgstr "-Z" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--selinux-user" msgstr "--selinux-user" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "SEUSER" msgstr "SEUSER" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "semanage" msgstr "semanage" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "defines the SELinux user for the new account. Without this option, SELinux uses the default user. Note that the shadow system doesn't store the selinux-user, it uses <_:citerefentry-1/> for that." msgstr "定義新帳戶的 SELinux 使用者。無此選項時 SELinux 使用預設使用者。注意 shadow 系統不儲存 selinux-user，以 <_:citerefentry-1/> 處理。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--selinux-range" msgstr "--selinux-range" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "SERANGE" msgstr "SERANGE" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "defines the SELinux MLS range for the new account. Without this option, SELinux uses the default range. Note that the shadow system doesn't store the selinux-range, it uses <_:citerefentry-1/> for that." msgstr "定義新帳戶的 SELinux MLS 範圍。無此選項時 SELinux 使用預設範圍。注意 shadow 系統不儲存 selinux-range，以 <_:citerefentry-1/> 處理。" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/title msgid "Changing the default values" msgstr "變更預設值" #. (itstool) path: refsect2/para msgid "When invoked with only the <_:option-1/> option, <_:command-2/> will display the current default values. When invoked with <_:option-3/> plus other options, <_:command-4/> will update the default values for the specified options. Valid default-changing options are:" msgstr "僅帶 <_:option-1/> 選項呼叫時，<_:command-2/> 顯示目前預設值。帶 <_:option-3/> 加其他選項呼叫時，<_:command-4/> 更新指定選項的預設值。有效的變更預設選項如下：" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sets the path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be affixed to the end of <_:replaceable-1/> to form the new user's home directory name, if the <_:option-2/> option is not used when creating a new account." msgstr "設定新使用者家目錄的路徑前綴。建立新帳戶未用 <_:option-2/> 選項時，使用者名稱附加至 <_:replaceable-1/> 尾端組成新使用者家目錄名稱。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option sets the <_:option-1/> variable in <_:filename-2/>." msgstr "此選項設定 <_:filename-2/> 中的 <_:option-1/> 變數。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sets the date on which newly created user accounts are disabled." msgstr "設定新建使用者帳戶停用的日期。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "specifies the number of days after a password expires during which the user can still log in. After this period, the account is locked." msgstr "指定密碼到期後使用者仍可登入的天數。此期間過後帳戶鎖定。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "sets the default primary group for newly created users, accepting group names or a numerical group ID. The named group must exist, and the GID must have an existing entry." msgstr "設定新建使用者的預設主要群組，接受群組名稱或數字群組 ID。指定群組須存在，GID 須有現有記錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "defines the default login shell for new users." msgstr "定義新使用者的預設登入 Shell。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "NOTES" msgstr "附註" #. (itstool) path: para/filename #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/skel/" msgstr "/etc/skel/" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the <_:filename-1/> directory (or any other skeleton directory specified in <_:filename-2/> or on the command line)." msgstr "系統管理員負責將預設使用者檔置於 <_:filename-1/> 目錄（或 <_:filename-2/> 或命令列指定的其他骨架目錄）。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "You may not add a user to a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the corresponding server." msgstr "您不得將使用者加入 NIS 或 LDAP 群組，必須在對應伺服器上執行。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS or LDAP, <_:command-1/> will deny the user account creation request." msgstr "同樣，若使用者名稱已存在於 NIS 或 LDAP 等外部使用者資料庫，<_:command-1/> 會拒絕使用者帳戶建立要求。" #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "ls" msgstr "ls" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Usernames may contain only lower and upper case letters, digits, underscores, dashes, or dots. They can end with a dollar sign. Dashes are not allowed at the beginning of the username. Fully numeric usernames and usernames . or .. are also disallowed. It is not recommended to use usernames beginning with . character as their home directories will be hidden in the <_:command-1/> output." msgstr "使用者名稱僅能包含大小寫字母、數字、底線、連字號或點。可結尾為錢字號。使用者名稱開頭不得為連字號。亦禁止全數字使用者名稱，以及 . 或 .. 使用者名稱。不建議使用 . 開頭的使用者名稱，其家目錄在 <_:command-1/> 輸出中將隱藏。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "Usernames may only be up to 256 characters long." msgstr "使用者名稱最長僅能 256 個字元。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Default values for account creation." msgstr "建立帳戶的預設值。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/shadow-maint/useradd-pre.d/*" msgstr "/etc/shadow-maint/useradd-pre.d/*" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/shadow-maint/useradd-post.d/*" msgstr "/etc/shadow-maint/useradd-post.d/*" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "<_:filename-1/>, <_:filename-2/>" msgstr "<_:filename-1/>、<_:filename-2/>" #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "ACTION" msgstr "ACTION" #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "SUBJECT" msgstr "SUBJECT" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "useradd-pre.d" msgstr "useradd-pre.d" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "useradd-post.d" msgstr "useradd-post.d" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Run-part files to execute during user addition. The environment variable <_:command-1/> will be populated with useradd and <_:command-2/> with the <_:command-3/>. <_:filename-4/> will be executed prior to any user addition. <_:filename-5/> will execute after user addition. If a script exits non-zero then execution will terminate." msgstr "新增使用者期間執行的 run-part 檔。環境變數 <_:command-1/> 將填入 useradd，<_:command-2/> 填入 <_:command-3/>。<_:filename-4/> 於任何使用者新增前執行，<_:filename-5/> 於新增後執行。若指令碼以非零結束，執行即終止。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Directory containing default files." msgstr "含預設檔的目錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't update password file" msgstr "無法更新密碼檔" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "UID already in use (and no <_:option-1/>)" msgstr "UID 已被使用（且無 <_:option-1/>）" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "username or group name already in use" msgstr "使用者名稱或群組名稱已被使用" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't create home directory" msgstr "無法建立家目錄" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "14" msgstr "14" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't update SELinux user mapping" msgstr "無法更新 SELinux 使用者對應" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "19" msgstr "19" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "invalid user or group name" msgstr "無效的使用者或群組名稱" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>, <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:citerefentry-5/>, <_:citerefentry-6/>, <_:citerefentry-7/>, <_:citerefentry-8/>, <_:citerefentry-9/>, <_:phrase-10/> <_:citerefentry-11/>, <_:citerefentry-12/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>、<_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:citerefentry-5/>、<_:citerefentry-6/>、<_:citerefentry-7/>、<_:citerefentry-8/>、<_:citerefentry-9/>、<_:phrase-10/> <_:citerefentry-11/>、<_:citerefentry-12/>。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "delete a user account and related files" msgstr "刪除使用者帳戶及相關檔案" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to the user name <_:emphasis-2/>. The named user must exist." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令修改系統帳戶檔，刪除所有參照使用者名稱 <_:emphasis-2/> 的記錄。指定使用者須存在。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option forces the removal of the user account and any other requested actions, skipping any safety checks." msgstr "此選項強制移除使用者帳戶並執行其他要求動作，略過任何安全檢查。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:emphasis-1/> This option is dangerous and may leave your system in an inconsistent state." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/> 此選項危險，可能讓系統處於不一致狀態。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--remove" msgstr "--remove" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Files in the user's home directory will be removed along with the home directory itself and the user's mail spool. Files located in other file systems will have to be searched for and deleted manually." msgstr "使用者家目錄中的檔案將隨家目錄本身及使用者郵件池一併移除。位於其他檔案系統的檔案須手動搜尋刪除。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The mail spool is defined by the <_:option-1/> variable in the <_:filename-2/> file." msgstr "郵件池由 <_:filename-2/> 檔中的 <_:option-1/> 變數定義。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Remove any SELinux user mapping for the user's login." msgstr "移除使用者登入的 SELinux 使用者對應。" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/shadow-maint/userdel-pre.d/*" msgstr "/etc/shadow-maint/userdel-pre.d/*" #. (itstool) path: term/filename msgid "/etc/shadow-maint/userdel-post.d/*" msgstr "/etc/shadow-maint/userdel-post.d/*" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "userdel-pre.d" msgstr "userdel-pre.d" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "userdel-post.d" msgstr "userdel-post.d" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Run-part files to execute during user deletion. The environment variable <_:command-1/> will be populated with <_:command-2/> and <_:command-3/> with the username. <_:filename-4/> will be executed prior to any user deletion. <_:filename-5/> will execute after user deletion. If a script exits non-zero then execution will terminate." msgstr "刪除使用者期間執行的 run-part 檔。環境變數 <_:command-1/> 將填入 <_:command-2/>，<_:command-3/> 填入使用者名稱。<_:filename-4/> 於任何使用者刪除前執行，<_:filename-5/> 於刪除後執行。若指令碼以非零結束，執行即終止。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "specified user doesn't exist" msgstr "指定的使用者不存在" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "user currently logged in" msgstr "使用者目前登入中" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "can't remove home directory" msgstr "無法移除家目錄" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:command-1/> will not allow you to remove an account if there are running processes which belong to this account. In that case, you may have to kill those processes or lock the user's password or account and remove the account later. The <_:option-2/> option can force the deletion of this account." msgstr "若有屬此帳戶的處理程序執行中，<_:command-1/> 不允許移除帳戶。此時可能須刪除該等處理程序，或鎖定使用者密碼或帳戶，稍後再移除帳戶。<_:option-2/> 選項可強制刪除此帳戶。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "You should manually check all file systems to ensure that no files remain owned by this user." msgstr "您應手動檢查所有檔案系統，確保沒有遺留屬此使用者的檔案。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "You may not remove any NIS attributes on a NIS client. This must be performed on the NIS server." msgstr "您不得在 NIS 使用者端移除任何 NIS 屬性，必須在 NIS 伺服器上執行。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "If <_:option-1/> is defined to <_:emphasis-2/> in <_:filename-3/>, <_:command-4/> will delete the group with the same name as the user. To avoid inconsistencies in the passwd and group databases, <_:command-5/> will check that this group is not used as a primary group for another user, and will just warn without deleting the group otherwise. The <_:option-6/> option can force the deletion of this group." msgstr "若 <_:filename-3/> 中 <_:option-1/> 定義為 <_:emphasis-2/>，<_:command-4/> 將刪除與使用者同名的群組。為避免 passwd 與群組資料庫不一致，<_:command-5/> 檢查此群組未作他使用者主要群組，否則僅警告而不刪除。<_:option-6/> 選項可強制刪除此群組。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/>, <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:citerefentry-5/>, <_:citerefentry-6/>, <_:citerefentry-7/>, <_:citerefentry-8/>, <_:phrase-9/> <_:citerefentry-10/>, <_:citerefentry-11/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/>、<_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:citerefentry-5/>、<_:citerefentry-6/>、<_:citerefentry-7/>、<_:citerefentry-8/>、<_:phrase-9/> <_:citerefentry-10/>、<_:citerefentry-11/>。" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "modify a user account" msgstr "修改使用者帳戶" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> command modifies the system account files." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 命令修改系統帳戶檔。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Add the user to the supplementary group(s). Use only with the <_:option-1/> option." msgstr "將使用者加入附加群組，僅與 <_:option-1/> 選項併用。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "update the comment field of the user in <_:filename-1/>, which is normally modified using the <_:citerefentry-2/> utility." msgstr "更新 <_:filename-1/> 中使用者的註解欄位，通常以 <_:citerefentry-2/> 公用程式修改。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--home" msgstr "--home" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The user's new login directory." msgstr "使用者的新登入目錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the <_:option-1/> option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist. If the current home directory does not exist the new home directory will not be created." msgstr "若給定 <_:option-1/> 選項，目前家目錄內容將移至新家目錄，不存在即建立。若目前家目錄不存在，不建立新家目錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Specifies the date on which the user account will be disabled. The value can be specified as a date in the YYYY-MM-DD format or as a number of days since 1970-01-01. The date is interpreted using the UTC timezone." msgstr "指定使用者帳戶停用的日期。值可以是 YYYY-MM-DD 格式的日期，或自 1970-01-01 起算的天數。日期以 UTC 時區解讀。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "An input of -1 or an empty string blanks the account expiration field in the shadow password file. The account will remain available with no expiration date." msgstr "輸入 -1 或空字串清空 shadow 密碼檔中的帳戶到期欄位，帳戶保持可用且無到期日。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option requires the <_:filename-1/> file. If no entry exists in the <_:filename-2/> file, the system will automatically create one." msgstr "此選項需要 <_:filename-1/> 檔。若 <_:filename-2/> 檔中無記錄，系統自動建立。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Defines the number of days after a password exceeds its maximum age during which the user can still log in by immediately changing their password. If the user does not change their password within this period of time, their account becomes inactive. This value is stored in the shadow password file." msgstr "定義密碼超過最長期限後、使用者立即變更密碼仍可登入的天數。使用者未於此期間變更密碼，帳戶即停用，值存於 shadow 密碼檔。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option requires the <_:filename-1/> file. If no entry exist in the <_:filename-2/> file, the system will automatically create one." msgstr "此選項需要 <_:filename-1/> 檔。若 <_:filename-2/> 檔中無記錄，系統自動建立。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The name or numerical ID of the user's new primary group. The group must exist." msgstr "使用者新主要群組的名稱或數字 ID。群組須存在。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group of the user will be owned by this new group." msgstr "使用者家目錄中屬使用者先前主要群組的檔案將改屬此新群組。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed manually." msgstr "使用者家目錄外檔案的群組擁有權須手動修正。" #. (itstool) path: para/filename msgid "/" msgstr "/" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The change of the group ownership of files inside of the user's home directory is also not done if the home dir owner uid is different from the current or new user id. This is a safety measure for special home directories such as <_:filename-1/>." msgstr "若家目錄擁有者 uid 不同於目前或新使用者 id，亦不變更使用者家目錄內檔案的群組擁有權。這是針對 <_:filename-1/> 等特殊家目錄的安全措施。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups must exist." msgstr "使用者所屬的附加群組清單，各群組以逗號分隔，不含空白。群組須存在。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the <_:option-1/> option, which appends the user to the current supplementary group list." msgstr "若使用者目前所屬群組未列出，將自該群組移除。可經 <_:option-1/> 選項改變此行為，將使用者附加至目前附加群組清單。" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "NEW_LOGIN" msgstr "NEW_LOGIN" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The name of the user will be changed from <_:replaceable-1/> to <_:replaceable-2/>. Nothing else is changed. In particular, the user's home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed manually to reflect the new login name." msgstr "使用者名稱將由 <_:replaceable-1/> 變更為 <_:replaceable-2/>，其餘不變。特別是使用者家目錄或郵件池應手動更名以反映新登入名稱。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "-L" msgstr "-L" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <_:option-1/> or <_:option-2/>." msgstr "鎖定使用者密碼，在加密密碼前加「!」，實際停用密碼。不得與 <_:option-1/> 或 <_:option-2/> 併用。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the <_:replaceable-1/> to <_:replaceable-2/>." msgstr "注意：若要鎖定帳戶（不僅密碼存取），亦應將 <_:replaceable-1/> 設為 <_:replaceable-2/>。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--move-home" msgstr "--move-home" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "moves the content of the user's home directory to the new location. If the current home directory does not exist the new home directory will not be created." msgstr "將使用者家目錄內容移至新位置。若目前家目錄不存在，不建立新家目錄。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option is only valid in combination with the <_:option-1/> (or <_:option-2/>) option." msgstr "此選項僅與 <_:option-1/>（或 <_:option-2/>）選項併用有效。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:command-1/> will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 嘗試調整檔擁有權並複製模式、ACL 與延伸屬性，但事後可能需手動變更。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "allows to change the user ID to a non-unique value." msgstr "允許將使用者 ID 變更為非唯一值。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "defines a new password for the user. PASSWORD is expected to be encrypted, as returned by <_:citerefentry-1/>." msgstr "定義使用者的新密碼。PASSWORD 應為已加密形式，如 <_:citerefentry-1/> 所回傳。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "<_:emphasis-1/> Avoid this option on the command line because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes." msgstr "<_:emphasis-1/>避免在命令列使用此選項，因為密碼（或加密密碼）會被列出處理程序的使用者看見。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The password will be written in the local <_:filename-1/> or <_:filename-2/> file. This might differ from the password database configured in your PAM configuration." msgstr "密碼寫入本機 <_:filename-1/> 或 <_:filename-2/> 檔，可能與 PAM 組態中的密碼資料庫不同。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Remove the user from named supplementary group(s). Use only with the <_:option-1/> option." msgstr "將使用者自指定附加群組移除，僅與 <_:option-1/> 選項併用。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Apply changes within the directory tree starting with <_:replaceable-1/> and use as well the configuration files located there. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "在 <_:replaceable-1/> 起的目錄樹內套用變更，並使用其下設定檔。此選項不會 chroot，適用於準備交叉編譯目標。部分限制：不驗證 NIS 與 LDAP 使用者／群組。PAM 驗證使用主機檔案。不支援 SELINUX。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "changes the user's login shell. An empty string for SHELL empties the field in <_:filename-1/> and logs the user into the system's default shell." msgstr "變更使用者的登入 Shell。SHELL 空字串清空 <_:filename-1/> 中的欄位，使用者登入系統預設 Shell。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The new value of the user's ID." msgstr "使用者 ID 的新值。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This value must be unique, unless the <_:option-1/> option is used. The value must be non-negative." msgstr "除非使用 <_:option-1/> 選項，此值必須唯一。值須為非負數。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed automatically." msgstr "使用者信箱，及使用者擁有且位於使用者家目錄的檔案，其檔使用者 ID 自動變更。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed manually." msgstr "使用者家目錄外檔案的擁有權須手動修正。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "The change of the user ownership of files inside of the user's home directory is also not done if the home dir owner uid is different from the current or new user id. This is a safety measure for special home directories such as <_:filename-1/>." msgstr "若家目錄擁有者 uid 不同於目前或新使用者 id，亦不變更使用者家目錄內檔案的使用者擁有權。這是針對 <_:filename-1/> 等特殊家目錄的安全措施。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted password. You can't use this option with <_:option-1/> or <_:option-2/>." msgstr "解鎖使用者密碼，移除加密密碼前的「!」。不得與 <_:option-1/> 或 <_:option-2/> 併用。" #. (itstool) path: para/replaceable msgid "99999" msgstr "99999" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the <_:replaceable-1/> (for example to <_:replaceable-2/>, or to the <_:option-3/> value from <_:filename-4/>)." msgstr "注意：若要解鎖帳戶（不僅密碼存取），亦應設定 <_:replaceable-1/>（例如設為 <_:replaceable-2/>，或 <_:filename-4/> 的 <_:option-3/> 值）。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-v" msgstr "-v" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--add-subuids" msgstr "--add-subuids" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "FIRST" msgstr "FIRST" #. (itstool) path: term/replaceable msgid "LAST" msgstr "LAST" #. (itstool) path: varlistentry/term msgid "<_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>-<_:replaceable-4/>" msgstr "<_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> <_:replaceable-3/>-<_:replaceable-4/>" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account." msgstr "新增從屬 uid 範圍至使用者帳戶。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a user's account." msgstr "此選項可指定多次，為使用者帳戶新增多個範圍。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SUB_UID_MIN" msgstr "SUB_UID_MIN" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SUB_UID_MAX" msgstr "SUB_UID_MAX" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SUB_UID_COUNT" msgstr "SUB_UID_COUNT" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "No checks will be performed with regard to <_:option-1/>, <_:option-2/>, or <_:option-3/> from /etc/login.defs." msgstr "不依 /etc/login.defs 的 <_:option-1/>、<_:option-2/> 或 <_:option-3/> 執行任何檢查。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "-V" msgstr "-V" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--del-subuids" msgstr "--del-subuids" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account." msgstr "自使用者帳戶移除從屬 uid 範圍。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a user's account. When both <_:option-1/> and <_:option-2/> are specified, the removal of all subordinate uid ranges happens before any subordinate uid range is added." msgstr "此選項可指定多次，為使用者帳戶移除多個範圍。<_:option-1/> 與 <_:option-2/> 皆指定時，先移除所有從屬 uid 範圍再新增從屬 uid 範圍。" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--add-subgids" msgstr "--add-subgids" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account." msgstr "新增從屬 gid 範圍至使用者帳戶。" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SUB_GID_MIN" msgstr "SUB_GID_MIN" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SUB_GID_MAX" msgstr "SUB_GID_MAX" #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "SUB_GID_COUNT" msgstr "SUB_GID_COUNT" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "--del-subgids" msgstr "--del-subgids" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account." msgstr "自使用者帳戶移除從屬 gid 範圍。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a user's account. When both <_:option-1/> and <_:option-2/> are specified, the removal of all subordinate gid ranges happens before any subordinate gid range is added." msgstr "此選項可指定多次，為使用者帳戶移除多個範圍。<_:option-1/> 與 <_:option-2/> 皆指定時，先移除所有從屬 gid 範圍再新增從屬 gid 範圍。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--add-subids" msgstr "--add-subids" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Add subordinate uids and gids to the user's account." msgstr "新增從屬 uid 與 gid 至使用者帳戶。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "An appropriate uid and gid range is automatically selected from /etc/login.defs defaults." msgstr "自動自 /etc/login.defs 預設值選取適當 uid 與 gid 範圍。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "defines the SELinux user to be mapped with <_:replaceable-1/>. An empty string (\"\") will remove the respective entry (if any). Note that the shadow system doesn't store the selinux-user, it uses semanage(8) for that." msgstr "定義與 <_:replaceable-1/> 對應的 SELinux 使用者。空字串（「」）將移除對應記錄（如有）。注意 shadow 系統不儲存 selinux-user，以 semanage(8) 處理。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "defines the SELinux MLS range for the new account. Note that the shadow system doesn't store the selinux-range, it uses <_:citerefentry-1/> for that." msgstr "定義新帳戶的 SELinux MLS 範圍。注意 shadow 系統不儲存 selinux-range，以 <_:citerefentry-1/> 處理。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when this command is being executed if the user's numerical user ID, the user's name, or the user's home directory is being changed. <_:command-1/> checks this on Linux. On other operating systems it only uses utmp to check if the user is logged in." msgstr "若變更使用者的數字使用者 ID、使用者名稱或家目錄，執行此命令時須確保指定使用者未執行任何處理程序。<_:command-1/> 在 Linux 上檢查此事，其他作業系統僅用 utmp 檢查使用者是否登入。" #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "crontab" msgstr "crontab" #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "at" msgstr "at" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "You must change the owner of any <_:command-1/> files or <_:command-2/> jobs manually." msgstr "須手動變更任何 <_:command-1/> 檔或 <_:command-2/> 工作的擁有者。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server." msgstr "涉及 NIS 的任何變更須在 NIS 伺服器上執行。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Group account information" msgstr "群組帳戶資訊" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Secure group account information" msgstr "安全的群組帳戶資訊" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Shadow password suite configuration" msgstr "Shadow 密碼套件組態" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "User account information" msgstr "使用者帳戶資訊" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Secure user account information" msgstr "安全的使用者帳戶資訊" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs" msgstr "各使用者的從屬群組 ID" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs" msgstr "各使用者的從屬使用者 ID" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refname #. (itstool) path: cmdsynopsis/command #. (itstool) path: para/command msgid "vigr" msgstr "vigr" #. (itstool) path: refnamediv/refpurpose msgid "edit the password, group, shadow-password or shadow-group file" msgstr "編輯密碼、群組、遮蔽密碼或遮蔽群組檔" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$VISUAL" msgstr "$VISUAL" #. (itstool) path: para/envar msgid "$EDITOR" msgstr "$EDITOR" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "vi" msgstr "vi" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The <_:command-1/> and <_:command-2/> commands edit the files <_:filename-3/> and <_:filename-4/>, respectively. With the <_:option-5/> flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those files, <_:filename-6/> and <_:filename-7/>, respectively. The programs will set the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption. When looking for an editor, the programs will first try the environment variable <_:envar-8/>, then the environment variable <_:envar-9/>, and finally the default editor, <_:citerefentry-10/>." msgstr "<_:command-1/> 與 <_:command-2/> 命令分別編輯 <_:filename-3/> 與 <_:filename-4/> 檔。帶 <_:option-5/> 旗標時，分別編輯其遮蔽版本 <_:filename-6/> 與 <_:filename-7/>。程式設定適當鎖定以防檔案損毀。尋找編輯器時，程式先試環境變數 <_:envar-8/>，再試環境變數 <_:envar-9/>，最後用預設編輯器 <_:citerefentry-10/>。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "The options which apply to the <_:command-1/> and <_:command-2/> commands are:" msgstr "適用於 <_:command-1/> 與 <_:command-2/> 命令的選項如下：" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--group" msgstr "--group" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Edit group database." msgstr "編輯群組資料庫。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--passwd" msgstr "--passwd" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Edit passwd database." msgstr "編輯 passwd 資料庫。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "--shadow" msgstr "--shadow" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Edit shadow or gshadow database." msgstr "編輯 shadow 或 gshadow 資料庫。" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit." msgstr "指定編輯哪位使用者的 tcb shadow 檔。" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/title msgid "ENVIRONMENT" msgstr "環境" #. (itstool) path: term/option #. (itstool) path: para/option msgid "VISUAL" msgstr "VISUAL" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Editor to be used." msgstr "使用的編輯器。" #. (itstool) path: term/option msgid "EDITOR" msgstr "EDITOR" #. (itstool) path: listitem/para msgid "Editor to be used if <_:option-1/> is not set." msgstr "未設定 <_:option-1/> 時使用的編輯器。" #. (itstool) path: citerefentry/refentrytitle msgid "tcb" msgstr "tcb" #. (itstool) path: refsect1/para msgid "<_:citerefentry-1/>, <_:citerefentry-2/>, <_:citerefentry-3/> <_:citerefentry-4/>, <_:citerefentry-5/>, <_:citerefentry-6/>, <_:citerefentry-7/>." msgstr "<_:citerefentry-1/>、<_:citerefentry-2/>、<_:citerefentry-3/> <_:citerefentry-4/>、<_:citerefentry-5/>、<_:citerefentry-6/>、<_:citerefentry-7/>。"