# Traditional Chinese Messages for util-linux-man # Copyright (C) 2026 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This file is distributed under the same license as the util-linux package. # Permission is granted to freely copy and distribute # this file and modified versions, provided that this # header is not removed and modified versions are marked # as such. # Wei-Lun Chao , 2010. # Alang Hsu , 2026. # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: util-linux-man 2.42-rc2\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: util-linux@vger.kernel.org\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-03-24 11:52+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2026-09-28 19:08+0800\n" "Last-Translator: Alang Hsu \n" "Language-Team: Chinese (traditional) \n" "Language: zh_TW\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "X-Bugs: Report translation errors to the Language-Team address.\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/annotate.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "*--annotate*[**=**_when_]" msgstr "*--annotate*[**=**_when_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/annotate.adoc:6 msgid "Adds an annotation to each column header name. Such an annotation can be shown as a tooltip by terminals that support this feature. The optional _when_ argument can be *always*, *never*, or *auto*. If the argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*, which means that annotations will only be used when the output goes to a terminal." msgstr "為每個欄位標題加入註解。支援此功能的終端機可以將此類註解顯示為工具提示。選用的 _when_ 引數可以是 *always*、*never* 或 *auto*。若省略此引數，則預設為 *auto*，表示只有當輸出送往終端機時才使用註解。" #. type: Title == #: ../man-common/bugreports.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "REPORTING BUGS" msgstr "回報錯誤" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/bugreports.adoc:3 msgid "For bug reports, use the https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/issues[issue tracker]." msgstr "若要回報錯誤，請使用 https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/issues[問題追蹤器]。" #. type: Title == #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "COLORS" msgstr "顏色" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:5 msgid "The output colorization is implemented by *terminal-colors.d*(5) functionality. Implicit coloring can be disabled by an empty file" msgstr "輸出顏色化由 *terminal-colors.d*(5) 功能所實作。可以藉由空檔案來停用隱式顏色化" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:7 msgid "_/etc/terminal-colors.d/{command}.disable_" msgstr "_/etc/terminal-colors.d/{command}.disable_" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:9 msgid "for the *{command}* command or for all tools by" msgstr "用於 *{command}* 命令，或者以下列檔案停用所有工具" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:11 msgid "_/etc/terminal-colors.d/disable_" msgstr "_/etc/terminal-colors.d/disable_" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:14 msgid "Since version 2.41, the $NO_COLOR environment variable is also supported to disable output colorization unless explicitly enabled by a command-line option." msgstr "自 2.41 版本起，也支援 $NO_COLOR 環境變數來停用輸出顏色化，除非透過命令列選項明確啟用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:17 ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:48 msgid "The user-specific _$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/terminal-colors.d_ or _$HOME/.config/terminal-colors.d_ overrides the global setting." msgstr "使用者專屬的 _$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/terminal-colors.d_ 或 _$HOME/.config/terminal-colors.d_ 會覆寫全域設定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:20 msgid "Note that the output colorization may be enabled by default, and in this case _terminal-colors.d_ directories do not have to exist yet." msgstr "請注意，輸出顏色化可能預設為啟用，在此情況下 _terminal-colors.d_ 目錄不一定需要存在。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBSMARTCOLS_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*LIBSMARTCOLS_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:3 msgid "enables libsmartcols debug output." msgstr "啟用 libsmartcols 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:4 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBSMARTCOLS_DEBUG_PADDING*=on" msgstr "*LIBSMARTCOLS_DEBUG_PADDING*=on" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:6 msgid "use visible padding characters." msgstr "使用可見的填充字元。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBSMARTCOLS_JSON*=compact|lines" msgstr "*LIBSMARTCOLS_JSON*=compact|lines" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:13 msgid "Controls JSON output format when using *--json*. Supported values are *compact* for JSON output with minimal whitespace, and *lines* for JSON Lines format (one JSON object per line). If unset or set to any other value, pretty-printed JSON is used." msgstr "使用 *--json* 時控制 JSON 輸出格式。支援的值有 *compact*（以最少的空白字元輸出 JSON）與 *lines*（JSON Lines 格式，每行一個 JSON 物件）。若未設定或設為其他值，則使用重新編排格式的 JSON。" #. type: Title == #: ../man-common/footer-config.adoc:1 ../man-common/footer-lib.adoc:1 #: ../man-common/footer.adoc:1 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "AVAILABILITY" msgstr "可用性" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep *{configfile}* untranslated, it will be replaced with the name of the configuration file. #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/footer-config.adoc:4 msgid "*{configfile}* is part of the util-linux package which can be downloaded from https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux Kernel Archive]." msgstr "*{configfile}* 是 util-linux 套件的一部分，可從 https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux 核心檔案庫] 下載。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep *{lib}* and {firstversion} untranslated, will be replaced with the library name and the version of util-linux where the library appeared for the first time. #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/footer-lib.adoc:4 msgid "The *{lib}* library is part of the util-linux package since version {firstversion}. It can be downloaded from https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux Kernel Archive]." msgstr "*{lib}* 程式庫自 {firstversion} 版本起即為 util-linux 套件的一部分。可從 https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux 核心檔案庫] 下載。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep *{command}* untranslated, it will be replaced with the command name. #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/footer.adoc:4 msgid "The *{command}* command is part of the util-linux package which can be downloaded from https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux Kernel Archive]." msgstr "*{command}* 命令是 util-linux 套件的一部分，可從 https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux 核心檔案庫] 下載。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/help-version.adoc:1 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:246 #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-h*, *--help*" msgstr "*-h*, *--help*" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/help-version.adoc:3 ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:116 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:248 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:53 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:53 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:185 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:167 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:84 msgid "Display help text and exit." msgstr "顯示說明文字然後結束。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/help-version.adoc:4 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:54 #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:45 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-V*, *--version*" msgstr "*-V*, *--version*" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/help-version.adoc:5 ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:119 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:251 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:188 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:170 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:87 msgid "Display version and exit." msgstr "顯示版本資訊然後結束。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/hyperlink.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "*--hyperlink*[**=**_when_]" msgstr "*--hyperlink*[**=**_when_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/hyperlink.adoc:5 msgid "Print paths as terminal hyperlinks. The optional _when_ argument can be *always*, *never*, or *auto*. If the argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*, which means that hyperlinks will only be used when the output goes to a terminal." msgstr "將路徑列印為終端機超連結。選用的 _when_ 引數可以是 *always*、*never* 或 *auto*。若省略此引數，則預設為 *auto*，表示只有當輸出送往終端機時才使用超連結。" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/in-bytes.adoc:2 msgid "Print sizes in bytes rather than in human-readable form." msgstr "以位元組而非人類可讀的形式列印大小。" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/in-bytes.adoc:5 msgid "By default, sizes are shown in units that are powers of 1024 bytes. The formal abbreviations for these units (KiB, MiB, GiB, ...) are further shortened to just their first letter: K, M, G, ...." msgstr "預設情況下，大小以 1024 位元組的倍冪作為單位顯示。這些單位的正式縮寫（KiB、MiB、GiB、……）會進一步縮短為只取第一個字母：K、M、G、……。" #. type: Title == #: ../man-common/translation.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "TRANSLATION" msgstr "翻譯" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/translation.adoc:6 msgid "For the authors of this translation, see the header of the corresponding *.po file at GNU TP: https://translationproject.org/domain/util-linux-man.html" msgstr "關於本翻譯的作者，請參閱 GNU TP：https://translationproject.org/domain/util-linux-man.html 中對應 *.po 檔案的檔頭。" #. TRANSLATORS: Please replace %1 with the address of the mailing list of your #. translation team. #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/translation.adoc:12 msgid "Report man page translation bugs to: <%1>" msgstr "請將 man page 翻譯錯誤回報至：<%1>" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "addpart(8)" msgstr "addpart(8)" #. type: Attribute :man manual: #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:12 ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:12 #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:20 ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:12 #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:10 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:13 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:10 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:4 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:10 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:4 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:4 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:10 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:4 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:13 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:10 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:13 #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:4 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:12 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:19 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:10 #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:4 ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:23 #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:40 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:8 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:8 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:16 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:10 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:8 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:11 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:35 ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:30 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:4 #: ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:4 ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:4 msgid "System Administration" msgstr "系統管理" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:17 ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:17 #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:25 ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:17 #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:15 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:19 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:15 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:9 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:15 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:9 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:9 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:15 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:9 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:18 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:15 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:18 #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:9 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:17 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:27 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:15 #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:18 ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:18 #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:18 ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:43 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:43 ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:43 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:43 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:45 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:43 ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:43 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:43 ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:43 #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:19 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:19 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:27 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:15 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:14 ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:17 #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:9 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:9 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:10 ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:29 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:27 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:45 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:18 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:14 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:49 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:9 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:9 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:9 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:9 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:18 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:11 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:9 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:10 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:17 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:16 #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:15 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:45 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:45 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:10 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:10 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:23 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:9 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:9 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:15 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:15 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:14 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:9 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:45 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:14 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:35 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:12 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:10 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:34 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:35 ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:15 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:15 #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:36 ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:45 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:15 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:16 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:15 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:15 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:41 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:45 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:35 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:9 #: ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:9 ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:45 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:46 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:10 #: ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:10 ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:18 #: ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:46 ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:48 #: ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:48 ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:46 #: ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:45 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:45 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:47 ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:16 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:48 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:12 #: ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:45 ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:45 #: ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:23 ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:10 #: ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "NAME" msgstr "名稱" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:20 msgid "addpart - tell the kernel about the existence of a partition" msgstr "addpart - 告知核心某個分割區的存在" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:21 ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:21 #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:29 ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:21 #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:19 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:23 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:19 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:13 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:19 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:13 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:13 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:19 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:13 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:22 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:19 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:22 #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:13 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:21 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:31 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:19 #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:22 ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:22 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:47 ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:47 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:47 ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:47 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:49 ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:47 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:47 ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:47 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:47 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:23 #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:23 ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:31 #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:19 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:18 #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:21 ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:13 #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:13 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:14 #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:33 ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:31 #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:49 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:22 #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:18 ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:53 #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:13 #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:13 #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:22 ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:15 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:13 #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:14 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:21 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:20 ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:19 #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:49 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:49 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:14 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:14 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:27 ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:13 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:21 ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:19 #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:19 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:18 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:49 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:18 ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:39 #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:16 ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:14 #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:38 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:40 #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:19 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:40 #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:49 #: ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:20 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:14 #: ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:14 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:14 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:14 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:14 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:14 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:21 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:49 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:14 ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:39 #: ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:13 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:13 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:49 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:50 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:14 ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:14 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:22 ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:50 #: ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:52 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:52 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:50 ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:49 #: ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:49 ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:51 #: ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:20 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:52 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:16 ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:49 #: ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:49 ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:27 #: ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:14 #: ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:14 #, no-wrap msgid "SYNOPSIS" msgstr "語法" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:24 msgid "*addpart* _device partition start length_" msgstr "*addpart* _device partition start length_" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:25 ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:29 #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:25 #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:23 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:29 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:23 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:17 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:23 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:17 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:17 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:23 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:17 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:26 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:25 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:28 #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:23 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:25 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:37 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:23 #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:26 ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:28 #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:60 ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:51 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:53 ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:53 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:53 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:60 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:53 ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:54 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:53 ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:55 #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:27 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:27 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:37 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:23 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:22 ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:27 #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:17 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:19 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:18 ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:37 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:35 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:55 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:26 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:28 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:59 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:17 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:19 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:26 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:21 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:23 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:22 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:22 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:25 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:30 #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:23 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:53 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:18 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:18 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:31 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:21 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:19 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:25 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:23 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:23 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:22 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:27 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:45 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:28 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:24 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:44 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:46 ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:23 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:33 #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:27 ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:48 ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:53 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:27 ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:26 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:18 ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:40 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:18 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:18 ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:18 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:18 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:25 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:62 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:19 #: ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:27 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:53 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:18 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:19 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:25 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:21 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:19 #: ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:47 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:31 #: ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:17 ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:53 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:54 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:18 #: ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:18 ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:26 #: ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:54 ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:56 #: ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:56 ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:54 #: ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:53 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:53 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:57 ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:24 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:56 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:20 #: ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:53 ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:53 #: ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:31 ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:18 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:22 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:23 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:22 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:21 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:21 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:22 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:23 #: ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:18 #, no-wrap msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "說明" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:28 msgid "*addpart* tells the Linux kernel about the existence of the specified partition. The command is a simple wrapper around the \"add partition\" ioctl." msgstr "*addpart* 會告知 Linux 核心指定分割區的存在。此命令只是「add partition」ioctl 的簡單包裝。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:30 ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:30 #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:30 msgid "This command doesn't manipulate partitions on a block device." msgstr "此命令不會操作區塊裝置上的分割區。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:31 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:31 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:136 #, no-wrap msgid "PARAMETERS" msgstr "參數" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "_device_" msgstr "_device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:35 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:35 msgid "The disk device." msgstr "磁碟裝置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:36 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "_partition_" msgstr "_partition_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:38 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:38 msgid "The partition number." msgstr "分割區號碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "_start_" msgstr "_start_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:41 msgid "The beginning of the partition (in 512-byte sectors)." msgstr "分割區的起始位置（以 512 位元組磁區為單位）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:42 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "_length_" msgstr "_length_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:44 msgid "The length of the partition (in 512-byte sectors)." msgstr "分割區的長度（以 512 位元組磁區為單位）。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:47 ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:151 #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:35 ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:76 #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:222 ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:166 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:51 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:100 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:53 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:64 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:82 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:93 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:134 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:137 #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:44 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:484 #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:50 ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:135 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:65 ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:61 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:65 ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:65 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:86 ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:61 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:72 ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:65 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:69 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:95 #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:65 ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:148 #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:184 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:162 #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:51 ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:67 #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:145 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:163 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:76 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:74 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:775 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:183 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:197 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:77 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:83 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:41 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:57 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:75 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:77 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:260 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:83 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:154 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:143 ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:87 #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:254 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:105 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:248 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:118 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:157 ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:56 #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:93 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:99 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:112 ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:98 #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:77 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:75 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:61 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:116 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:156 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:117 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:91 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:154 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:131 ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:54 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:77 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:106 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:50 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:80 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:118 ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:53 #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:49 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:200 #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:121 ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:108 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:144 ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:53 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:147 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:91 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:393 ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:64 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:82 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:90 #: ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:123 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:161 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:125 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:113 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:114 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1812 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:68 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:173 #: ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:63 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:138 #: ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:119 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:83 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:133 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:104 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:41 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:156 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:42 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:218 #: ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:47 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:211 #: ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:301 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:115 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:115 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:164 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:92 ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:120 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:183 ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:83 #: ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:84 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:129 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:94 ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:69 #: ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:328 ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:32 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:221 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:144 #: ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:66 ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:82 #: ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:32 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:47 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:56 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:54 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:45 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:48 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:49 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:52 #: ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "另見" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:54 msgid "*delpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" msgstr "*delpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "blockdev(8)" msgstr "blockdev(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:20 msgid "blockdev - call block device ioctls from the command line" msgstr "blockdev - 從命令列呼叫區塊裝置 ioctl" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:24 msgid "*blockdev* [*-q*] [*-v*] _command_ [_command_...] _device_ [_device_...]" msgstr "*blockdev* [*-q*] [*-v*] _command_ [_command_...] _device_ [_device_...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:26 msgid "*blockdev* *--report* [_device_...]" msgstr "*blockdev* *--report* [_device_...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:28 msgid "*blockdev* *-h*|*-V*" msgstr "*blockdev* *-h*|*-V*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:32 msgid "The utility *blockdev* allows one to call block device ioctls from the command line." msgstr "*blockdev* 工具允許從命令列呼叫區塊裝置 ioctl。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:47 #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:31 ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:52 #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:42 ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:54 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:21 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:47 #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:21 ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:27 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:29 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:33 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:43 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:43 #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:42 ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:37 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:149 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:31 #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:37 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:33 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:53 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:43 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:30 ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:35 #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:25 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:33 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:34 ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:51 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:39 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:59 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:42 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:44 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:69 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:32 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:25 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:24 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:24 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:55 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:31 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:32 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:43 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:61 #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:39 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:59 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:59 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:34 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:31 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:31 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:57 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:35 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:29 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:27 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:31 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:51 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:28 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:73 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:41 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:94 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:51 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:46 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:70 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:68 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:29 #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:80 ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:24 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:27 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:51 #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:25 ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:37 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:39 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:39 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:29 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:56 #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:29 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:27 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:117 ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:27 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:38 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:27 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:24 ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:76 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:52 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:35 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:24 ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:24 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:65 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:35 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:23 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:49 #: ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:33 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:25 #: ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:61 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:26 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:31 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:32 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:29 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:25 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:29 #: ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:25 ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:53 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:53 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:25 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:41 #: ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:56 ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:88 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:64 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:33 #: ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:35 ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:36 #: ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:62 ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:76 #: ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:62 ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:58 #: ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:61 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:72 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:61 ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:28 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:60 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:28 #: ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:59 ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:57 #: ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:74 ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:24 #, no-wrap msgid "OPTIONS" msgstr "選項" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-q*" msgstr "*-q*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:37 msgid "Be quiet." msgstr "保持安靜。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:38 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*" msgstr "*-v*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:40 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:60 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:110 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:50 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:94 msgid "Be verbose." msgstr "輸出詳細資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*--report*" msgstr "*--report*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:43 msgid "Print a report for the specified device. It is possible to give multiple devices. If none is given, all devices which appear in _/proc/partitions_ are shown. Note that the partition StartSec is in 512-byte sectors." msgstr "為指定的裝置列印報告。可以提供多個裝置。若未指定，則會顯示所有出現在 _/proc/partitions_ 中的裝置。請注意，分割區的 StartSec 是以 512 位元組磁區為單位。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:46 ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:71 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:49 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:102 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "COMMANDS" msgstr "命令" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:49 msgid "It is possible to give multiple devices and multiple commands." msgstr "可以指定多個裝置及多個命令。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*--flushbufs*" msgstr "*--flushbufs*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:52 msgid "Flush buffers." msgstr "清除緩衝區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getalignoff*" msgstr "*--getalignoff*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:55 msgid "Get alignment offset." msgstr "取得對齊偏移量。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getbsz*" msgstr "*--getbsz*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:58 msgid "Print the blocksize in bytes. This size does not describe device topology. It's the size used internally by the kernel and it may be modified (for example) by filesystem driver on mount." msgstr "以位元組列印區塊大小。此大小並非描述裝置拓撲。它是核心在內部使用的大小，可能（例如）在掛載時被檔案系統驅動程式修改。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getdiscardzeroes*" msgstr "*--getdiscardzeroes*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:61 msgid "Get discard zeroes support status." msgstr "取得丟棄歸零（discard zeroes）的支援狀態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getdiskseq*" msgstr "*--getdiskseq*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:64 msgid "Get disk sequence number." msgstr "取得磁碟序號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getzonesz*" msgstr "*--getzonesz*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:67 msgid "Get zone size in 512-byte sectors." msgstr "取得以 512 位元組磁區為單位的區域大小。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getfra*" msgstr "*--getfra*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:70 msgid "Get filesystem readahead in 512-byte sectors." msgstr "取得以 512 位元組磁區為單位的檔案系統預讀（readahead）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getiomin*" msgstr "*--getiomin*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:73 msgid "Get minimum I/O size." msgstr "取得最小 I/O 大小。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getioopt*" msgstr "*--getioopt*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:76 msgid "Get optimal I/O size." msgstr "取得最佳 I/O 大小。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getmaxsect*" msgstr "*--getmaxsect*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:79 msgid "Get max sectors per request." msgstr "取得每個要求的最大磁區數。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getpbsz*" msgstr "*--getpbsz*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:82 msgid "Get physical block (sector) size." msgstr "取得實體區塊（磁區）大小。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getra*" msgstr "*--getra*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:85 msgid "Print readahead (in 512-byte sectors)." msgstr "列印預讀（以 512 位元組磁區為單位）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getro*" msgstr "*--getro*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:88 msgid "Get read-only. Print 1 if the device is read-only, 0 otherwise." msgstr "取得唯讀狀態。若裝置為唯讀則列印 1，否則列印 0。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getsize64*" msgstr "*--getsize64*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:91 msgid "Print device size in bytes." msgstr "以位元組列印裝置大小。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getsize*" msgstr "*--getsize*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:94 msgid "Print device size (32-bit!) in sectors. Deprecated in favor of the *--getsz* option." msgstr "以磁區列印裝置大小（32 位元！）。已棄用，建議改用 *--getsz* 選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getss*" msgstr "*--getss*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:97 msgid "Print logical sector size in bytes - usually 512." msgstr "以位元組列印邏輯磁區大小 - 通常為 512。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:98 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getsz*" msgstr "*--getsz*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:100 msgid "Get size in 512-byte sectors." msgstr "取得以 512 位元組磁區為單位的大小。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "*--rereadpt*" msgstr "*--rereadpt*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:103 msgid "Reread partition table." msgstr "重新讀取分割表。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "*--setbsz* _bytes_" msgstr "*--setbsz* _bytes_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:106 msgid "Set blocksize. Note that the block size is specific to the current file descriptor opening the block device, so the change of block size only persists for as long as *blockdev* has the device open, and is lost once *blockdev* exits." msgstr "設定區塊大小。請注意，區塊大小是針對目前開啟區塊裝置的檔案描述元而定，因此區塊大小的變更只在 *blockdev* 開啟裝置期間有效，一旦 *blockdev* 結束即會失效。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "*--setfra* _sectors_" msgstr "*--setfra* _sectors_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:109 msgid "Set filesystem readahead (same as *--setra* on 2.6 kernels)." msgstr "設定檔案系統預讀（在 2.6 核心上等同於 *--setra*）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "*--setra* _sectors_" msgstr "*--setra* _sectors_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:112 msgid "Set readahead (in 512-byte sectors)." msgstr "設定預讀（以 512 位元組磁區為單位）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "*--setro*" msgstr "*--setro*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:115 msgid "Set read-only. The currently active access to the device may not be affected by the change. For example, a filesystem already mounted in read-write mode will not be affected. The change applies after remount." msgstr "設為唯讀。目前對裝置的使用中存取可能不會受此變更影響。例如，已以讀寫模式掛載的檔案系統不會受影響。變更會在重新掛載後生效。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "*--setrw*" msgstr "*--setrw*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:118 msgid "Set read-write." msgstr "設為讀寫。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:119 ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:145 #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:72 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:215 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:161 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:96 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:45 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:130 #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:57 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:478 #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:46 ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:125 #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:114 ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:61 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:57 ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:61 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:61 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:82 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:57 ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:68 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:61 ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:65 #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:90 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:61 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:144 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:180 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:157 ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:47 #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:63 ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:71 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:72 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:770 #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:179 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:53 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:79 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:37 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:71 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:73 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:256 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:79 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:136 #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:83 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:250 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:243 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:114 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:152 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:87 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:95 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:73 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:71 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:57 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:112 ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:151 #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:109 ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:86 #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:145 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:127 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:72 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:101 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:46 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:72 #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:49 ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:194 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:117 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:103 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:135 #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:49 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:87 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:403 ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:59 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:86 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:82 #: ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:119 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:182 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:154 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:120 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:59 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:109 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:110 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1808 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:64 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:168 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:134 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:77 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:125 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:98 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:37 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:152 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:38 ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:41 #: ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:296 ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:68 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:110 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:356 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:79 ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:101 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:211 ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:129 #: ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:28 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:43 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:52 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:50 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:41 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:44 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:45 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "AUTHORS" msgstr "作者" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:122 msgid "*blockdev* was written by Andries E. Brouwer and rewritten by Karel Zak." msgstr "*blockdev* 由 Andries E. Brouwer 撰寫，並由 Karel Zak 重寫。" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:18 #, no-wrap msgid "cfdisk(8)" msgstr "cfdisk(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:28 msgid "cfdisk - display or manipulate a disk partition table" msgstr "cfdisk - 顯示或操作磁碟分割表" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:32 msgid "*cfdisk* [options] [_device_]" msgstr "*cfdisk* [options] [_device_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:36 msgid "*cfdisk* is a curses-based program for partitioning any block device. The default device is _/dev/sda_." msgstr "*cfdisk* 是一個基於 curses 的程式，用於分割任何區塊裝置。預設裝置為 _/dev/sda_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:38 msgid "Note that *cfdisk* provides basic partitioning functionality with a user-friendly interface. If you need advanced features, use *fdisk*(8) instead." msgstr "請注意，*cfdisk* 提供基本的分割功能與友善的使用者介面。若您需要進階功能，請改用 *fdisk*(8)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:40 msgid "All disk label changes will remain in memory only, and the disk will be unmodified until you decide to write your changes. Be careful before using the write command." msgstr "所有磁碟標籤的變更只會保留在記憶體中，在您決定寫入變更之前，磁碟不會被修改。使用寫入命令前請務必小心。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:42 msgid "Since version 2.25 *cfdisk* supports MBR (DOS), GPT, SUN and SGI disk labels, but no longer provides any functionality for CHS (Cylinder-Head-Sector) addressing. CHS has never been important for Linux, and this addressing concept does not make any sense for new devices." msgstr "自 2.25 版本起，*cfdisk* 支援 MBR (DOS)、GPT、SUN 與 SGI 磁碟標籤，但不再提供任何 CHS（磁柱-磁頭-磁區，Cylinder-Head-Sector）定址功能。CHS 對 Linux 而言從來就不重要，而且對新裝置來說，這種定址概念毫無意義。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:44 msgid "Since version 2.25 *cfdisk* also does not provide a 'print' command any more. This functionality is provided by the utilities *partx*(8) and *lsblk*(8) in a very comfortable and rich way." msgstr "自 2.25 版本起，*cfdisk* 也不再提供 'print' 命令。此功能由 *partx*(8) 與 *lsblk*(8) 工具以非常便利且豐富的方式提供。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:46 msgid "If you want to remove an old partition table from a device, use *wipefs*(8)." msgstr "若您想從裝置移除舊的分割表，請使用 *wipefs*(8)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-L*, *--color*[**=**__when__]" msgstr "*-L*, *--color*[**=**__when__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:51 msgid "Colorize the output. The optional argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. If the _when_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*. The colors can be disabled, for the current built-in default see *--help* output. See also the *COLORS* section." msgstr "為輸出加上顏色。選用引數 _when_ 可以是 *auto*、*never* 或 *always*。若省略 _when_ 引數，則預設為 *auto*。顏色可以停用；目前的內建預設值請參閱 *--help* 輸出。另請參閱 *COLORS* 段落。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:52 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:64 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:40 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:51 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:62 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:173 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*--lock*[**=**_mode_]" msgstr "*--lock*[**=**_mode_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:59 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:71 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:47 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:72 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:58 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:69 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:180 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:65 msgid "Use an exclusive BSD lock for the device or file that is operated upon. The optional argument _mode_ can be *yes* (*1*), *no* (*0*), or *nonblock*. If the _mode_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *yes*. This option overrides the environment variable *$LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE*. The default is to not use any lock at all, but using a lock is recommended to avoid collisions with *systemd-udevd*(8) or other tools." msgstr "對所操作的裝置或檔案使用互斥的 BSD 鎖定。選用引數 _mode_ 可以是 *yes*（*1*）、*no*（*0*）或 *nonblock*。若省略 _mode_ 引數，則預設為 *yes*。此選項會覆寫環境變數 *$LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE*。預設是完全不使用任何鎖定，但建議使用鎖定以避免與 *systemd-udevd*(8) 或其他工具發生衝突。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:60 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:100 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--read-only*" msgstr "*-r*, *--read-only*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:62 msgid "Forced open in read-only mode." msgstr "以唯讀模式強制開啟。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:63 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--sector-size* _sectorsize_" msgstr "*-b*, *--sector-size* _sectorsize_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:65 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:46 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:226 msgid "Specify the sector size of the disk. Valid values are 512, 1024, 2048, and 4096. The kernel is aware of the sector size for regular block devices. Use this option only on very old kernels, when working with disk images, or to override the kernel's default sector size. Since util-linux-2.17, *fdisk* distinguishes between logical and physical sector size. This option changes both sector sizes to the specified _sectorsize_." msgstr "指定磁碟的磁區大小。有效值為 512、1024、2048 與 4096。核心知道一般區塊裝置的磁區大小。只有在非常舊的核心、處理磁碟映像檔，或想覆寫核心的預設磁區大小時，才使用此選項。自 util-linux-2.17 起，*fdisk* 會區分邏輯與實體磁區大小。此選項會將這兩種磁區大小都改為指定的 _sectorsize_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:66 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:147 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--zero*" msgstr "*-z*, *--zero*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:68 msgid "Start with an in-memory zeroed partition table. This option does not zero the partition table on the disk; rather, it simply starts the program without reading the existing partition table. This option allows you to create a new partition table from scratch or from an *sfdisk*(8)-compatible script." msgstr "以記憶體中歸零的分割表啟動。此選項不會將磁碟上的分割表歸零；而是直接啟動程式而不讀取現有的分割表。此選項讓您可以從零開始建立新分割表，或從與 *sfdisk*(8) 相容的腳本建立。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:74 msgid "The commands for *cfdisk* can be entered by pressing the corresponding key (pressing _Enter_ after the command is not necessary). Here is a list of the available commands:" msgstr "可以透過按下對應的按鍵來輸入 *cfdisk* 的命令（命令之後不需要再按 _Enter_）。以下是可用命令的清單：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*b*" msgstr "*b*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:77 msgid "Toggle the bootable flag of the current partition. This allows you to select which primary partition is bootable on the drive. This command may not be available for all partition label types." msgstr "切換目前分割區的可開機旗標。這讓您可以選擇磁碟機上哪個主要分割區可開機。此命令可能不適用於所有分割標籤類型。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:78 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*d*" msgstr "*d*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:80 msgid "Delete the current partition. This will convert the current partition into free space and merge it with any free space immediately surrounding the current partition. A partition already marked as free space or marked as unusable cannot be deleted." msgstr "刪除目前的分割區。這會將目前分割區轉換為可用空間，並與其緊鄰的可用空間合併。已標記為可用空間或標記為無法使用的分割區無法刪除。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:81 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:79 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "*h*" msgstr "*h*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:83 msgid "Show the help screen." msgstr "顯示說明畫面。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:84 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:76 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:79 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:142 #, no-wrap msgid "*n*" msgstr "*n*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:86 msgid "Create a new partition from free space. *cfdisk* then prompts you for the size of the partition you want to create. The default size is equal to the entire available free space at the current position." msgstr "從可用空間建立新分割區。接著 *cfdisk* 會提示您輸入要建立的分割區大小。預設大小等於目前位置所有可用的空間。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:88 msgid "The size may be followed by a multiplicative suffix: KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\")." msgstr "大小後面可以加上倍數後綴：KiB（=1024）、MiB（=1024*1024），依此類推 GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB（「iB」為選用，例如「K」與「KiB」意義相同）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*q*" msgstr "*q*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:91 msgid "Quit the program. This will exit the program without writing any data to the disk." msgstr "結束程式。這會結束程式而不寫入任何資料到磁碟。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:92 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*r*" msgstr "*r*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:94 msgid "Reduce or enlarge the current partition. *cfdisk* then prompts you for the new size of the partition. The default size is the current size. A partition marked as free space or marked as unusable cannot be resized." msgstr "縮小或放大目前的分割區。接著 *cfdisk* 會提示您輸入分割區的新大小。預設大小為目前的大小。標記為可用空間或標記為無法使用的分割區無法調整大小。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:96 msgid "*Note that reducing the size of a partition might destroy data on that partition.*" msgstr "*請注意，縮小分割區的大小可能會毀損該分割區上的資料。*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:97 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:124 #, no-wrap msgid "*s*" msgstr "*s*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:99 msgid "Sort the partitions in ascending start-sector order. When deleting and adding partitions, it is likely that the numbering of the partitions will no longer match their order on the disk. This command restores that match." msgstr "依照起始磁區遞增的順序排序分割區。當刪除與新增分割區時，分割區的編號很可能不再與它們在磁碟上的順序相符。此命令會恢復相符的狀態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:100 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "*t*" msgstr "*t*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:102 msgid "Change the partition type. By default, new partitions are created as _Linux_ partitions." msgstr "變更分割區類型。預設情況下，新分割區會建立為 _Linux_ 分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*u*" msgstr "*u*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:105 msgid "Dump the current in-memory partition table to an **sfdisk**(8)-compatible script file." msgstr "將目前記憶體中的分割表傾印（dump）到與 **sfdisk**(8) 相容的腳本檔案。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:107 msgid "The script files are compatible between *cfdisk*, *fdisk*(8) *sfdisk*(8) and other libfdisk applications. For more details see *sfdisk*(8)." msgstr "這些腳本檔案在 *cfdisk*、*fdisk*(8)、*sfdisk*(8) 與其他 libfdisk 應用程式之間相容。更多詳細資訊請參閱 *sfdisk*(8)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:109 msgid "It is also possible to load an sfdisk-script into *cfdisk* if there is no partition table on the device or when you start *cfdisk* with the *--zero* command-line option." msgstr "若裝置上沒有分割表，或在以 *--zero* 命令列選項啟動 *cfdisk* 時，也可以將 sfdisk 腳本載入 *cfdisk*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "*W*" msgstr "*W*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:112 msgid "Write the partition table to disk (you must enter an uppercase W). Since this might destroy data on the disk, you must either confirm or deny the write by entering `yes' or `no'. If you enter `yes', *cfdisk* will write the partition table to disk and then tell the kernel to re-read the partition table from the disk." msgstr "將分割表寫入磁碟（您必須輸入大寫的 W）。由於這可能會毀損磁碟上的資料，您必須輸入 `yes' 或 `no' 來確認或拒絕寫入。若您輸入 `yes'，*cfdisk* 會將分割表寫入磁碟，然後通知核心從磁碟重新讀取分割表。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:114 msgid "The re-reading of the partition table does not always work. In such a case you need to inform the kernel about any new partitions by using *partprobe*(8) or *partx*(8), or by rebooting the system." msgstr "重新讀取分割表不一定每次都成功。在這種情況下，您需要使用 *partprobe*(8) 或 *partx*(8)，或重新啟動系統，來通知核心任何新的分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:115 #, no-wrap msgid "*x*" msgstr "*x*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:117 msgid "Toggle extra information about a partition." msgstr "切換顯示分割區的額外資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:118 #, no-wrap msgid "_Up Arrow_, _Down Arrow_" msgstr "_Up Arrow_, _Down Arrow_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:120 msgid "Move the cursor to the previous or next partition. If there are more partitions than can be displayed on a screen, you can display the next (previous) set of partitions by moving down (up) at the last (first) partition displayed on the screen." msgstr "將游標移到上一個或下一個分割區。若分割區數量超過一個畫面所能顯示，您可以在畫面所顯示的最後（第一個）分割區處向下（向上）移動，以顯示下一（上一）組分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:121 #, no-wrap msgid "_Left Arrow_, _Right Arrow_" msgstr "_Left Arrow_, _Right Arrow_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:123 msgid "Select the preceding or the next menu item. Hitting _Enter_ will execute the currently selected item." msgstr "選擇上一個或下一個功能表項目。按下 _Enter_ 會執行目前選取的項目。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:125 msgid "All commands can be entered with either uppercase or lowercase letters (except for **W**rite). When in a submenu or at a prompt, you can hit the _Esc_ key to return to the main menu." msgstr "所有命令都可以用大寫或小寫字母輸入（**W**rite 除外）。當位於子功能表或提示符號時，您可以按 _Esc_ 鍵返回主功能表。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:128 msgid "*cfdisk* does not support color customization with a color-scheme file." msgstr "*cfdisk* 不支援透過色彩配置檔案來自訂顏色。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:129 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:199 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:130 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:77 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:102 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:103 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:436 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:41 #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:191 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:149 #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:67 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:63 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:123 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:175 #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:67 ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:68 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:217 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:136 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:156 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:81 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:221 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:72 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:83 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:130 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:67 ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:114 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:91 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:372 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:61 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:154 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:124 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:101 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:102 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:103 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1751 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:172 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:188 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:130 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:255 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:176 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:119 #: ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "ENVIRONMENT" msgstr "環境變數" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "*CFDISK_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*CFDISK_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:133 msgid "enables cfdisk debug output." msgstr "啟用 cfdisk 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:134 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:204 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:440 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBFDISK_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*LIBFDISK_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:136 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:206 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:442 msgid "enables libfdisk debug output." msgstr "啟用 libfdisk 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:137 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:207 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:442 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:226 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1762 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:177 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBBLKID_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*LIBBLKID_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:139 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:209 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:148 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:106 #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:107 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:445 #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:45 ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:72 msgid "enables libblkid debug output." msgstr "啟用 libblkid 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:142 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:212 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:446 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE*=" msgstr "*LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE*=" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:144 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:214 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:81 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:109 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:448 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:98 msgid "use exclusive BSD lock. The mode is \"1\" or \"0\". See *--lock* for more details." msgstr "使用互斥的 BSD 鎖定。mode 為「1」或「0」。更多細節請參閱 *--lock*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:148 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:481 #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:117 ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:66 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:259 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:115 #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:52 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:197 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:113 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1811 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:67 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:82 msgid "mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:150 msgid "The current *cfdisk* implementation is based on the original *cfdisk* from mailto:martin@cs.unc.edu[Kevin E. Martin]." msgstr "目前的 *cfdisk* 實作是以 mailto:martin@cs.unc.edu[Kevin E. Martin] 撰寫的原始 *cfdisk* 為基礎。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:158 msgid "*fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8), *sfdisk*(8)" msgstr "*fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8), *sfdisk*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "delpart(8)" msgstr "delpart(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:20 msgid "delpart - tell the kernel to forget about a partition" msgstr "delpart - 告知核心忘記某個分割區" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:24 msgid "*delpart* _device partition_" msgstr "*delpart* _device partition_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:28 msgid "*delpart* asks the Linux kernel to forget about the specified _partition_ (a number) on the specified _device_. The command is a simple wrapper around the \"del partition\" ioctl." msgstr "*delpart* 會要求 Linux 核心忘記指定 _device_ 上的指定 _partition_（一個數字）。此命令只是「del partition」ioctl 的簡單包裝。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:42 msgid "*addpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" msgstr "*addpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "fdformat(8)" msgstr "fdformat(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:18 msgid "fdformat - low-level format a floppy disk" msgstr "fdformat - 低階格式化軟碟" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:22 msgid "*fdformat* [options] _device_" msgstr "*fdformat* [options] _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:26 msgid "*fdformat* does a low-level format on a floppy disk. _device_ is usually one of the following (for floppy devices the major = 2, and the minor is shown for informational purposes only):" msgstr "*fdformat* 會對軟碟執行低階格式化。_device_ 通常是下列其中一個（對軟碟裝置而言 major = 2，而 minor 僅供參考）：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "" "/dev/fd0d360 (minor = 4)\n" "/dev/fd0h1200 (minor = 8)\n" "/dev/fd0D360 (minor = 12)\n" "/dev/fd0H360 (minor = 12)\n" "/dev/fd0D720 (minor = 16)\n" "/dev/fd0H720 (minor = 16)\n" "/dev/fd0h360 (minor = 20)\n" "/dev/fd0h720 (minor = 24)\n" "/dev/fd0H1440 (minor = 28)\n" msgstr "" "/dev/fd0d360 (minor = 4)\n" "/dev/fd0h1200 (minor = 8)\n" "/dev/fd0D360 (minor = 12)\n" "/dev/fd0H360 (minor = 12)\n" "/dev/fd0D720 (minor = 16)\n" "/dev/fd0H720 (minor = 16)\n" "/dev/fd0h360 (minor = 20)\n" "/dev/fd0h720 (minor = 24)\n" "/dev/fd0H1440 (minor = 28)\n" #. type: delimited block . #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "" "/dev/fd1d360 (minor = 5)\n" "/dev/fd1h1200 (minor = 9)\n" "/dev/fd1D360 (minor = 13)\n" "/dev/fd1H360 (minor = 13)\n" "/dev/fd1D720 (minor = 17)\n" "/dev/fd1H720 (minor = 17)\n" "/dev/fd1h360 (minor = 21)\n" "/dev/fd1h720 (minor = 25)\n" "/dev/fd1H1440 (minor = 29)\n" msgstr "" "/dev/fd1d360 (minor = 5)\n" "/dev/fd1h1200 (minor = 9)\n" "/dev/fd1D360 (minor = 13)\n" "/dev/fd1H360 (minor = 13)\n" "/dev/fd1D720 (minor = 17)\n" "/dev/fd1H720 (minor = 17)\n" "/dev/fd1h360 (minor = 21)\n" "/dev/fd1h720 (minor = 25)\n" "/dev/fd1H1440 (minor = 29)\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:51 msgid "The generic floppy devices, _/dev/fd0_ and _/dev/fd1_, will fail to work with *fdformat* when a non-standard format is being used, or if the format has not been autodetected earlier. In this case, use *setfdprm*(8) to load the disk parameters." msgstr "當使用非標準格式，或格式先前未被自動偵測到時，通用軟碟裝置 _/dev/fd0_ 與 _/dev/fd1_ 將無法與 *fdformat* 搭配使用。在這種情況下，請使用 *setfdprm*(8) 來載入磁碟參數。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--from* _N_" msgstr "*-f*, *--from* _N_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:56 msgid "Start at the track _N_ (default is 0)." msgstr "從磁軌 _N_ 開始（預設為 0）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--to* _N_" msgstr "*-t*, *--to* _N_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:59 msgid "Stop at the track _N_." msgstr "在磁軌 _N_ 停止。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--repair* _N_" msgstr "*-r*, *--repair* _N_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:62 msgid "Try to repair tracks failed during the verification (max _N_ retries)." msgstr "嘗試修復在驗證期間失敗的磁軌（最多重試 _N_ 次）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--no-verify*" msgstr "*-n*, *--no-verify*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:65 msgid "Skip the verification that is normally performed after the formatting." msgstr "跳過通常在格式化後執行的驗證。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:68 ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:156 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:110 ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:47 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:449 ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:136 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:132 ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:53 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:52 ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:155 #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:49 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:75 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:130 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:237 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:135 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:83 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:145 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:105 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:68 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:115 #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:35 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:101 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:107 ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:135 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:191 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:77 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:82 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:150 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:140 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:60 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:161 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:113 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:92 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:113 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:136 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:188 ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:33 #: ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:66 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:172 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:137 ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:75 #: ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:92 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:138 #, no-wrap msgid "NOTES" msgstr "附註" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:71 msgid "This utility does not handle USB floppy disk drives. Use *ufiformat*(8) instead." msgstr "此工具不處理 USB 軟碟機。請改用 *ufiformat*(8)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:75 msgid "mailto:almesber@nessie.cs.id.ethz.ch[Werner Almesberger]" msgstr "mailto:almesber@nessie.cs.id.ethz.ch[Werner Almesberger]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:83 msgid "*fd*(4), *emkfs*(8), *mkfs*(8), *setfdprm*(8), *ufiformat*(8)" msgstr "*fd*(4), *emkfs*(8), *mkfs*(8), *setfdprm*(8), *ufiformat*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:11 #, no-wrap msgid "fdisk(8)" msgstr "fdisk(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:22 msgid "fdisk - manipulate disk partition table" msgstr "fdisk - 操作磁碟分割表" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:26 msgid "*fdisk* [options] _device_" msgstr "*fdisk* [options] _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:28 msgid "*fdisk* *-l* [_device_...]" msgstr "*fdisk* *-l* [_device_...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:32 msgid "*fdisk* is a dialog-driven program for creation and manipulation of partition tables. It understands GPT, MBR, Sun, SGI and BSD partition tables." msgstr "*fdisk* 是一個以對話驅動的程式，用於建立與操作分割表。它支援 GPT、MBR、Sun、SGI 與 BSD 分割表。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:34 msgid "Block devices can be divided into one or more logical disks called _partitions_. This division is recorded in the _partition table_, usually found in sector 0 of the disk. (In the BSD world one talks about `disk slices' and a `disklabel'.)" msgstr "區塊裝置可以劃分為一個或多個稱為 _partitions_（分割區）的邏輯磁碟。此劃分記錄在 _partition table_（分割表）中，通常位於磁碟的磁區 0。（在 BSD 世界中，人們談論的是 `disk slices' 與 `disklabel'。）" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:37 msgid "All partitioning is driven by device I/O limits (the topology) by default. *fdisk* is able to optimize the disk layout for a 4K-sector size and use an alignment offset on modern devices for MBR and GPT. It is always a good idea to follow *fdisk*'s defaults as the default values (e.g., first and last partition sectors) and partition sizes specified by the {plus}/-{M,G,...} notation are always aligned according to the device properties." msgstr "預設情況下，所有分割作業都由裝置 I/O 限制（拓撲）驅動。*fdisk* 能夠針對 4K 磁區大小最佳化磁碟配置，並在現代裝置上為 MBR 與 GPT 使用對齊偏移。遵循 *fdisk* 的預設值總是個好主意，因為預設值（例如第一個與最後一個分割區磁區）以及由 {plus}/-{M,G,...} 記號指定的大小，都會依照裝置屬性進行對齊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:39 msgid "CHS (Cylinder-Head-Sector) addressing is deprecated and not used by default. Please, do not follow old articles and recommendations with *fdisk -S -H * advice for SSD or 4K-sector devices." msgstr "CHS（磁柱-磁頭-磁區）定址已棄用，且預設不使用。請不要遵循那些建議對 SSD 或 4K 磁區裝置使用 *fdisk -S -H * 的舊文章與建議。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:41 msgid "Note that *partx*(8) provides a rich interface for scripts to print disk layouts, *fdisk* is mostly designed for humans. Backward compatibility in the output of *fdisk* is not guaranteed. The input (the commands) should always be backward compatible." msgstr "請注意，*partx*(8) 為腳本提供了豐富的介面來列印磁碟配置，而 *fdisk* 主要設計給人類使用。*fdisk* 的輸出不保證向後相容；輸入（命令）則應始終保持向後相容。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*-B*, *--protect-boot*" msgstr "*-B*, *--protect-boot*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:49 msgid "Don't erase the beginning of the first disk sector when creating a new disk label. This feature is supported for GPT and MBR." msgstr "建立新的磁碟標籤時，不要清除第一個磁碟磁區的開頭。此功能支援 GPT 與 MBR。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--compatibility*[**=**_mode_]" msgstr "*-c*, *--compatibility*[**=**_mode_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:52 msgid "Specify the compatibility mode: 'dos' or 'nondos'. The default is non-DOS mode. For backward compatibility, it is possible to use the option without the _mode_ argument -- then the default is used. Note that the optional _mode_ argument cannot be separated from the *-c* option by a space; the correct form is *-c=dos*, for example." msgstr "指定相容性模式：'dos' 或 'nondos'。預設為非 DOS 模式。為求向後相容，可在不提供 _mode_ 引數的情況下使用此選項——此時會使用預設值。請注意，選用的 _mode_ 引數不能與 *-c* 選項以空格分開；例如正確形式是 *-c=dos*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:53 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:83 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:87 #, no-wrap msgid "*-L*, *--color*[**=**_when_]" msgstr "*-L*, *--color*[**=**_when_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:55 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:166 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:130 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:225 msgid "Colorize the output. The optional argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. If the _when_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*. The colors can be disabled; for the current built-in default see the *--help* output. See also the *COLORS* section." msgstr "為輸出加上顏色。選用引數 _when_ 可以是 *auto*、*never* 或 *always*。若省略 _when_ 引數，則預設為 *auto*。顏色可以停用；目前的內建預設值請參閱 *--help* 輸出。另請參閱 *COLORS* 段落。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:56 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:49 #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:56 ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:97 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:77 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:106 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:68 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:44 ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list*" msgstr "*-l*, *--list*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:58 msgid "List the partition tables for the specified devices and then exit." msgstr "列出指定裝置的分割表然後結束。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:60 msgid "If no devices are given, the devices mentioned in _/proc/partitions_ (if this file exists) are used. Devices are always listed in the order in which they are specified on the command-line, or by the kernel listed in _/proc/partitions_." msgstr "若未指定裝置，則會使用 _/proc/partitions_（若此檔案存在）中提到的裝置。裝置一律會依照其在命令列上指定的順序列出，或依照核心列在 _/proc/partitions_ 中的順序列出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--list-details*" msgstr "*-x*, *--list-details*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:63 msgid "Like *--list*, but provides more details." msgstr "如同 *--list*，但提供更多細節。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--noauto-pt*" msgstr "*-n*, *--noauto-pt*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:74 msgid "Don't automatically create a default partition table on empty device. The partition table has to be explicitly created by user (by command like 'o', 'g', etc.)." msgstr "不要在空的裝置上自動建立預設分割表。分割表必須由使用者明確建立（透過像 'o'、'g' 等命令）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:75 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:71 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:215 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:72 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:49 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:116 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:95 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:39 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:53 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:26 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:80 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:32 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:79 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:50 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:48 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:39 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--output* _list_" msgstr "*-o*, *--output* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:77 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:217 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:55 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:61 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:71 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:82 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:52 msgid "Specify which output columns to print. Use *--help* to get a list of all supported columns." msgstr "指定要列印哪些輸出欄位。使用 *--help* 可取得所有支援欄位的清單。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:79 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _{plus}list_ (e.g., *-o {plus}UUID*)." msgstr "若以 _{plus}list_ 格式指定 _list_（例如 *-o {plus}UUID*），即可擴充預設的欄位清單。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*--bytes**" msgstr "*--bytes**" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:83 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:163 msgid "Print SIZE in bytes rather than in human readable format." msgstr "以位元組而非人類可讀的格式列印 SIZE。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:84 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--getsz*" msgstr "*-s*, *--getsz*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:86 msgid "Print the size in 512-byte sectors of each given block device. This option is DEPRECATED in favour of *blockdev*(8)." msgstr "列印每個指定區塊裝置以 512 位元組磁區為單位的大小。此選項已棄用，建議改用 *blockdev*(8)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:87 ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:29 #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:86 ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:40 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:78 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--type* _type_" msgstr "*-t*, *--type* _type_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:89 msgid "Enable support only for disklabels of the specified _type_, and disable support for all other types." msgstr "只啟用指定 _type_ 之磁碟標籤的支援，並停用所有其他類型的支援。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--units*[**=**_unit_]" msgstr "*-u*, *--units*[**=**_unit_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:92 msgid "When listing partition tables, show sizes in 'sectors' or in 'cylinders'. The default is to show sizes in sectors. For backward compatibility, it is possible to use the option without the _unit_ argument -- then the default is used. Note that the optional _unit_ argument cannot be separated from the *-u* option by a space; the correct form is *-u=cylinders*, for example." msgstr "當列出分割表時，以 'sectors'（磁區）或 'cylinders'（磁柱）顯示大小。預設以磁區顯示大小。為求向後相容，可在不提供 _unit_ 引數的情況下使用此選項——此時會使用預設值。請注意，選用的 _unit_ 引數不能與 *-u* 選項以空格分開；例如正確形式是 *-u=cylinders*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--cylinders* _number_" msgstr "*-C*, *--cylinders* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:95 msgid "Specify the _number_ of cylinders of the disk. I have no idea why anybody would want to do so." msgstr "指定磁碟的磁柱 _number_ 數量。我不知道為什麼有人會想這麼做。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:96 #, no-wrap msgid "*-H*, *--heads* _number_" msgstr "*-H*, *--heads* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:98 msgid "Specify the number of heads of the disk. (Not the physical number, of course, but the number used for partition tables.) Reasonable values are 255 and 16." msgstr "指定磁碟的磁頭數量。（當然不是實體數量，而是分割表使用的數量。）合理值為 255 與 16。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--sectors* _number_" msgstr "*-S*, *--sectors* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:101 msgid "Specify the number of sectors per track of the disk. (Not the physical number, of course, but the number used for partition tables.) A reasonable value is 63." msgstr "指定磁碟每條磁軌的磁區數量。（當然不是實體數量，而是分割表使用的數量。）合理值為 63。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:102 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:240 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--wipe* _when_" msgstr "*-w*, *--wipe* _when_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:104 msgid "Wipe filesystem, RAID and partition-table signatures from the device, in order to avoid possible collisions. The argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. When this option is not given, the default is *auto*, in which case signatures are wiped only when in interactive mode. In all cases detected signatures are reported by warning messages before a new partition table is created. See also *wipefs*(8) command." msgstr "清除裝置上的檔案系統、RAID 與分割表簽章，以避免可能的衝突。引數 _when_ 可以是 *auto*、*never* 或 *always*。當未提供此選項時，預設為 *auto*，此時只在互動模式中才會清除簽章。在所有情況下，偵測到的簽章都會在建立新分割表之前以警告訊息回報。另請參閱 *wipefs*(8) 命令。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:105 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:243 #, no-wrap msgid "*-W*, *--wipe-partitions* _when_" msgstr "*-W*, *--wipe-partitions* _when_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:107 msgid "Wipe filesystem, RAID and partition-table signatures from a newly created partitions, in order to avoid possible collisions. The argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. When this option is not given, the default is *auto*, in which case signatures are wiped only when in interactive mode and after confirmation by user. In all cases detected signatures are reported by warning messages before a new partition is created. See also *wipefs*(8) command." msgstr "清除新建立之分割區上的檔案系統、RAID 與分割表簽章，以避免可能的衝突。引數 _when_ 可以是 *auto*、*never* 或 *always*。當未提供此選項時，預設為 *auto*，此時只在互動模式中且獲得使用者確認後才清除簽章。在所有情況下，偵測到的簽章都會在建立新分割區之前以警告訊息回報。另請參閱 *wipefs*(8) 命令。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "DEVICES" msgstr "裝置" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:113 msgid "The _device_ is usually _/dev/sda_, _/dev/sdb_ or so. A device name refers to the entire disk. Old systems without libata (a library used inside the Linux kernel to support ATA host controllers and devices) make a difference between IDE and SCSI disks. In such cases the device name will be _/dev/hd*_ (IDE) or _/dev/sd*_ (SCSI)." msgstr "_device_ 通常是 _/dev/sda_、_/dev/sdb_ 等。裝置名稱指的是整個磁碟。沒有 libata（Linux 核心內部用來支援 ATA 主機控制器與裝置的程式庫）的舊系統會區分 IDE 與 SCSI 磁碟。在這種情況下，裝置名稱會是 _/dev/hd*_（IDE）或 _/dev/sd*_（SCSI）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:115 msgid "The _partition_ is a device name followed by a partition number. For example, _/dev/sda1_ is the first partition on the first hard disk in the system. See also Linux kernel documentation (the _Documentation/admin-guide/devices.txt_ file)." msgstr "_partition_ 是裝置名稱後接分割區號碼。例如，_/dev/sda1_ 是系統中第一顆硬碟上的第一個分割區。另請參閱 Linux 核心文件（_Documentation/admin-guide/devices.txt_ 檔案）。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "SIZES" msgstr "大小" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:120 msgid "The \"last sector\" dialog accepts partition size specified by number of sectors or by {plus}/-{K,B,M,G,...} notation." msgstr "「last sector」（最後磁區）對話框接受以磁區數量或 {plus}/-{K,B,M,G,...} 記號指定分割區大小。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:123 msgid "If the size is prefixed by '{plus}' then it is interpreted as relative to the partition first sector. If the size is prefixed by '-' then it is interpreted as relative to the high limit (last available sector for the partition)." msgstr "若大小以 '{plus}' 為前綴，則會解讀為相對於分割區的第一個磁區。若大小以 '-' 為前綴，則會解讀為相對於上限（分割區最後一個可用磁區）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:125 msgid "In the case the size is specified in bytes, then the number may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (1024 bytes), MiB (1024*1024 bytes), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB. The \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\"." msgstr "若大小以位元組指定，數字後面可以加上倍數後綴 KiB（1024 位元組）、MiB（1024*1024 位元組），依此類推 GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB。「iB」為選用，例如「K」與「KiB」意義相同。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:128 msgid "The relative sizes if specified with multiplicative suffixes (e.g. +100MiB) are always aligned according to device I/O limits. The {plus}/-{K,B,M,G,...} notation is recommended." msgstr "以倍數後綴（例如 +100MiB）指定的相對大小，一律會依照裝置 I/O 限制進行對齊。建議使用 {plus}/-{K,B,M,G,...} 記號。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:130 msgid "The last sector of the partition is strictly calculated as + (without -1) if the size is specified by the + notation. In this case, the size is not aligned to the device I/O limits." msgstr "若大小以 + 記號指定，則分割區的最後磁區會嚴格計算為 + （不含 -1）。在這種情況下，大小不會與裝置 I/O 限制對齊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:132 msgid "For backward compatibility *fdisk* also accepts the suffixes KB (1000 bytes), MB (1000*1000 bytes), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB. These 10^N suffixes are deprecated." msgstr "為求向後相容，*fdisk* 也接受後綴 KB（1000 位元組）、MB（1000*1000 位元組），依此類推 GB、TB、PB、EB、ZB 與 YB。這些 10^N 後綴已棄用。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:133 #, no-wrap msgid "SCRIPT FILES" msgstr "腳本檔案" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:136 msgid "*fdisk* allows reading (by 'I' command) *sfdisk*(8) compatible script files. The script is applied to in-memory partition table, and then it is possible to modify the partition table before you write it to the device." msgstr "*fdisk* 允許（透過 'I' 命令）讀取與 *sfdisk*(8) 相容的腳本檔案。腳本會套用到記憶體中的分割表，然後您可以在把分割表寫入裝置之前修改它。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:138 msgid "And vice-versa it is possible to write the current in-memory disk layout to the script file by command 'O'." msgstr "反之，也可以透過 'O' 命令將目前記憶體中的磁碟配置寫入腳本檔案。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:140 msgid "The script files are compatible between *cfdisk*(8), *sfdisk*(8), *fdisk* and other libfdisk applications. For more details see *sfdisk*(8)." msgstr "這些腳本檔案在 *cfdisk*(8)、*sfdisk*(8)、*fdisk* 與其他 libfdisk 應用程式之間相容。更多詳細資訊請參閱 *sfdisk*(8)。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "DISK LABELS" msgstr "磁碟標籤" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "*GPT (GUID Partition Table)*" msgstr "*GPT（GUID 分割表）*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:145 msgid "GPT is modern standard for the layout of the partition table. GPT uses 64-bit logical block addresses, checksums, UUIDs and names for partitions and an unlimited number of partitions (although the number of partitions is usually restricted to 128 in many partitioning tools)." msgstr "GPT 是分割表配置的現代標準。GPT 使用 64 位元邏輯區塊位址、檢查碼、UUID 與名稱來表示分割區，並支援不限數量的分割區（雖然在許多分割工具中，分割區數量通常限制為 128）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:147 msgid "Note that the first sector is still reserved for a *protective MBR* in the GPT specification. It prevents MBR-only partitioning tools from mis-recognizing and overwriting GPT disks." msgstr "請注意，在 GPT 規格中，第一個磁區仍然保留給 *protective MBR*（保護性 MBR）。它可防止僅支援 MBR 的分割工具誤判並覆寫 GPT 磁碟。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:149 msgid "GPT is always a better choice than MBR, especially on modern hardware with a UEFI boot loader." msgstr "GPT 始終是比 MBR 更好的選擇，尤其是在使用 UEFI 開機載入程式的現代硬體上。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:150 #, no-wrap msgid "*DOS-type (MBR)*" msgstr "*DOS 類型 (MBR)*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:152 msgid "A DOS-type partition table can describe an unlimited number of partitions. In sector 0 there is room for the description of 4 partitions (called `primary'). One of these may be an extended partition; this is a box holding logical partitions, with descriptors found in a linked list of sectors, each preceding the corresponding logical partitions. The four primary partitions, present or not, get numbers 1-4. Logical partitions are numbered starting from 5." msgstr "DOS 類型的分割表可以描述不限數量的分割區。在磁區 0 中有空間描述 4 個分割區（稱為 `primary'［主要］）。其中一個可以是延伸分割區；這是一個容納邏輯分割區的容器，其描述元位於一串以鏈結串列相連的磁區中，每個磁區都在對應的邏輯分割區之前。四個主要分割區，無論是否存在，都編號為 1-4。邏輯分割區則從 5 開始編號。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:154 msgid "In a DOS-type partition table the starting offset and the size of each partition is stored in two ways: as an absolute number of sectors (given in 32 bits), and as a *Cylinders/Heads/Sectors* triple (given in 10{plus}8{plus}6 bits). The former is OK -- with 512-byte sectors this will work up to 2 TB. The latter has two problems. First, these C/H/S fields can be filled only when the number of heads and the number of sectors per track are known. And second, even if we know what these numbers should be, the 24 bits that are available do not suffice. DOS uses C/H/S only, Windows uses both, Linux never uses C/H/S. The *C/H/S addressing is deprecated* and may be unsupported in some later *fdisk* version." msgstr "在 DOS 類型的分割表中，每個分割區的起始偏移與大小以兩種方式儲存：一種是絕對磁區數（以 32 位元表示），另一種是 *Cylinders/Heads/Sectors*（磁柱/磁頭/磁區）三元組（以 10{plus}8{plus}6 位元表示）。前者沒問題——使用 512 位元組磁區時可支援到 2 TB。後者則有兩個問題。第一，這些 C/H/S 欄位只有在知道磁頭數量與每條磁軌的磁區數量時才能填寫。第二，即使我們知道這些數字應該是多少，可用的 24 位元也不夠用。DOS 只使用 C/H/S，Windows 兩者都用，Linux 從不使用 C/H/S。*C/H/S 定址已棄用*，在之後某些 *fdisk* 版本中可能不受支援。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:157 msgid "*Please, read the DOS-mode section if you want DOS-compatible partitions.* *fdisk* does not care about cylinder boundaries by default." msgstr "*若您想要 DOS 相容的分割區，請閱讀 DOS 模式小節。* *fdisk* 預設不關心磁柱邊界。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "*BSD/Sun-type*" msgstr "*BSD/Sun 類型*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:160 msgid "A BSD/Sun disklabel can describe 8 partitions, the third of which should be a `whole disk' partition. Do not start a partition that actually uses its first sector (like a swap partition) at cylinder 0, since that will destroy the disklabel. Note that a *BSD label* is usually nested within a DOS partition." msgstr "BSD/Sun 的 disklabel 可以描述 8 個分割區，其中第三個應該是 `whole disk'（整顆磁碟）分割區。不要將實際會使用其第一個磁區的分割區（例如交換分割區）起始於磁柱 0，因為這會毀損 disklabel。請注意，*BSD label* 通常巢狀於 DOS 分割區之內。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:161 #, no-wrap msgid "*IRIX/SGI-type*" msgstr "*IRIX/SGI 類型*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:163 msgid "An IRIX/SGI disklabel can describe 16 partitions, the eleventh of which should be an entire `volume' partition, while the ninth should be labeled `volume header'. The volume header will also cover the partition table, i.e., it starts at block zero and extends by default over five cylinders. The remaining space in the volume header may be used by header directory entries. No partitions may overlap with the volume header. Also do not change its type or make some filesystem on it, since you will lose the partition table. Use this type of label only when working with Linux on IRIX/SGI machines or IRIX/SGI disks under Linux." msgstr "IRIX/SGI 的 disklabel 可以描述 16 個分割區，其中第十一個應該是整個 `volume'（卷）分割區，而第九個應標記為 `volume header'（卷標頭）。卷標頭也會涵蓋分割表，也就是說它從區塊零開始，預設延伸橫跨五個磁柱。卷標頭中剩餘的空間可供標頭目錄項目使用。任何分割區都不能與卷標頭重疊。也不要變更其類型或在其上建立任何檔案系統，因為您會因此失去分割表。只有在 IRIX/SGI 機器上搭配 Linux 使用，或在 Linux 下處理 IRIX/SGI 磁碟時，才使用此類型的標籤。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:165 msgid "A *sync*(2) and an ioctl(BLKRRPART) (rereading the partition table from disk) are performed before exiting when the partition table has been updated." msgstr "當分割表已更新時，會在結束前執行 *sync*(2) 與 ioctl(BLKRRPART)（從磁碟重新讀取分割表）。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:166 #, no-wrap msgid "DOS mode and DOS 6.x WARNING" msgstr "DOS 模式與 DOS 6.x 警告" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:169 msgid "*Note that all this is deprecated. You don't have to care about things like* *geometry and cylinders on modern operating systems. If you really want* *DOS-compatible partitioning then you have to enable DOS mode and cylinder* *units by using the '-c=dos -u=cylinders' fdisk command-line options.*" msgstr "*請注意，這一切皆已棄用。在現代作業系統上，您不需要在意像* *磁碟幾何（geometry）與磁柱這些東西。若您真的想要* *DOS 相容的分割方式，就必須使用 '-c=dos -u=cylinders' fdisk* *命令列選項來啟用 DOS 模式與磁柱單位。*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:171 msgid "The DOS 6.x FORMAT command looks for some information in the first sector of the data area of the partition, and treats this information as more reliable than the information in the partition table. DOS FORMAT expects DOS FDISK to clear the first 512 bytes of the data area of a partition whenever a size change occurs. DOS FORMAT will look at this extra information even if the /U flag is given -- we consider this a bug in DOS FORMAT and DOS FDISK." msgstr "DOS 6.x 的 FORMAT 命令會在分割區資料區的第一個磁區中尋找某些資訊，並將此資訊視為比分割表中的資訊更可靠。DOS FORMAT 期望 DOS FDISK 在分割區大小發生變更時清除資料區的前 512 個位元組。即使指定了 /U 旗標，DOS FORMAT 仍會查看這些額外資訊——我們認為這是 DOS FORMAT 與 DOS FDISK 的臭蟲。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:173 msgid "The bottom line is that if you use *fdisk* or *cfdisk*(8) to change the size of a DOS partition table entry, then you must also use *dd*(1) to *zero the first 512 bytes* of that partition before using DOS FORMAT to format the partition. For example, if you were using *fdisk* to make a DOS partition table entry for _/dev/sda1_, then (after exiting *fdisk* and rebooting Linux so that the partition table information is valid) you would use the command *dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda1 bs=512 count=1* to zero the first 512 bytes of the partition." msgstr "重點是，如果您用 *fdisk* 或 *cfdisk*(8) 變更 DOS 分割表項目的大小，那麼在使用 DOS FORMAT 格式化分割區之前，必須使用 *dd*(1) *將該分割區的前 512 個位元組歸零*。例如，如果您使用 *fdisk* 為 _/dev/sda1_ 建立 DOS 分割表項目，那麼（在結束 *fdisk* 並重新啟動 Linux 使分割表資訊有效後）您需要使用命令 *dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda1 bs=512 count=1* 將分割區的前 512 個位元組歸零。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:175 msgid "*fdisk* usually obtains the disk geometry automatically. This is not necessarily the physical disk geometry (indeed, modern disks do not really have anything like a physical geometry, certainly not something that can be described in the simplistic Cylinders/Heads/Sectors form), but it is the disk geometry that MS-DOS uses for the partition table." msgstr "*fdisk* 通常會自動取得磁碟幾何。這不一定是實體磁碟幾何（事實上，現代磁碟並不存在真正的實體磁碟幾何，更別說能以便化的 Cylinders/Heads/Sectors 形式描述），而是 MS-DOS 用於分割表的磁碟幾何。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:177 msgid "Usually all goes well by default, and there are no problems if Linux is the only system on the disk. However, if the disk has to be shared with other operating systems, it is often a good idea to let an *fdisk* from another operating system make at least one partition. When Linux boots it looks at the partition table, and tries to deduce what (fake) geometry is required for good cooperation with other systems." msgstr "通常預設情況下一切都會順利，如果磁碟上只有 Linux 系統就不會有問題。然而，如果磁碟必須與其他作業系統共用，通常建議讓其他作業系統的 *fdisk* 至少建立一個分割區。當 Linux 開機時會查看分割表，並嘗試推斷為了與其他系統良好協作所需的（虛擬）幾何。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:179 msgid "Whenever a partition table is printed out in DOS mode, a consistency check is performed on the partition table entries. This check verifies that the physical and logical start and end points are identical, and that each partition starts and ends on a cylinder boundary (except for the first partition)." msgstr "每當以 DOS 模式列印分割表時，都會對分割表項目執行一致性檢查。此檢查會驗證實體與邏輯的起點與終點是否相同，且每個分割區都起始與結束於磁柱邊界（第一個分割區除外）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:181 msgid "Some versions of MS-DOS create a first partition which does not begin on a cylinder boundary, but on sector 2 of the first cylinder. Partitions beginning in cylinder 1 cannot begin on a cylinder boundary, but this is unlikely to cause difficulty unless you have OS/2 on your machine." msgstr "某些 MS-DOS 版本建立的第一個分割區並非起始於磁柱邊界，而是起始於第一個磁柱的磁區 2。起始於磁柱 1 的分割區無法起始於磁柱邊界，但除非您的機器有 OS/2，否則這不太可能造成問題。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:183 msgid "For best results, you should always use an OS-specific partition table program. For example, you should make DOS partitions with the DOS FDISK program and Linux partitions with the Linux *fdisk* or Linux *cfdisk*(8) programs." msgstr "為了獲得最佳結果，您應該一律使用特定於作業系統的分割表程式。例如，您應該使用 DOS FDISK 程式建立 DOS 分割區，並使用 Linux *fdisk* 或 Linux *cfdisk*(8) 程式建立 Linux 分割區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:186 msgid "The logical color names supported by *fdisk* are:" msgstr "*fdisk* 支援的邏輯顏色名稱如下：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:187 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:429 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:173 #, no-wrap msgid "*header*" msgstr "*header*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:189 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:431 msgid "The header of the output tables." msgstr "輸出表格的標題列。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:190 #, no-wrap msgid "*help-title*" msgstr "*help-title*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:192 msgid "The help section titles." msgstr "說明小節的標題。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:193 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:431 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:184 #, no-wrap msgid "*warn*" msgstr "*warn*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:195 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:433 msgid "The warning messages." msgstr "警告訊息。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:196 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:433 #, no-wrap msgid "*welcome*" msgstr "*welcome*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:198 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:435 msgid "The welcome message." msgstr "歡迎訊息。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:201 #, no-wrap msgid "*FDISK_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*FDISK_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:203 msgid "enables fdisk debug output." msgstr "啟用 fdisk 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:219 msgid "mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak], mailto:dave@gnu.org[Davidlohr Bueso]" msgstr "mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak], mailto:dave@gnu.org[Davidlohr Bueso]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:221 msgid "The original version was written by Andries E. Brouwer, A. V. Le Blanc and others." msgstr "原始版本由 Andries E. Brouwer、A. V. Le Blanc 等人撰寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:228 msgid "*cfdisk*(8), *mkfs*(8), *partx*(8), *sfdisk*(8)" msgstr "*cfdisk*(8), *mkfs*(8), *partx*(8), *sfdisk*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "fsck(8)" msgstr "fsck(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:18 msgid "fsck - check and repair a Linux filesystem" msgstr "fsck - 檢查並修復 Linux 檔案系統" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:22 msgid "*fsck* [*-lsAVRTMNP*] [*-r* [_fd_]] [*-C* [_fd_]] [*-t* _fstype_] [_filesystem_...] [*--*] [_fs-specific-options_]" msgstr "*fsck* [*-lsAVRTMNP*] [*-r* [_fd_]] [*-C* [_fd_]] [*-t* _fstype_] [_filesystem_...] [*--*] [_fs-specific-options_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:26 msgid "*fsck* is used to check and optionally repair one or more Linux filesystems. _filesystem_ can be a device name (e.g., _/dev/hdc1_, _/dev/sdb2_), a mount point (e.g., _/_, _/usr_, _/home_), or a filesystem label or UUID specifier (e.g., UUID=8868abf6-88c5-4a83-98b8-bfc24057f7bd or LABEL=root). Normally, the *fsck* program will try to handle filesystems on different physical disk drives in parallel to reduce the total amount of time needed to check all of them." msgstr "*fsck* 用於檢查，並選擇性地修復一個或多個 Linux 檔案系統。_filesystem_ 可以是裝置名稱（例如 _/dev/hdc1_、_/dev/sdb2_）、掛載點（例如 _/_、_/usr_、_/home_），或檔案系統標籤或 UUID 指定器（例如 UUID=8868abf6-88c5-4a83-98b8-bfc24057f7bd 或 LABEL=root）。一般來說，*fsck* 程式會嘗試並行處理不同實體磁碟機上的檔案系統，以減少檢查所有檔案系統所需的總時間。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:28 msgid "If no filesystems are specified on the command line, and the *-A* option is not specified, *fsck* will default to checking filesystems in _/etc/fstab_ serially. This is equivalent to the *-As* options." msgstr "若命令列上未指定任何檔案系統，且未指定 *-A* 選項，*fsck* 預設會依序檢查 _/etc/fstab_ 中的檔案系統。這等同於 *-As* 選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:30 msgid "The exit status returned by *fsck* is the sum of the following conditions:" msgstr "*fsck* 傳回的結束狀態是下列條件的總和：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:31 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:42 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:82 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:35 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:77 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:44 #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:32 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:48 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:61 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:70 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:48 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:123 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:74 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:48 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:63 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:63 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:83 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:96 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1710 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:46 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:147 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:137 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*0*" msgstr "*0*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:84 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:88 msgid "No errors" msgstr "沒有錯誤" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:37 #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:46 ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:73 #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:34 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:50 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:63 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:72 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:125 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:77 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:50 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:66 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:66 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:86 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:98 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1713 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:49 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:140 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "*1*" msgstr "*1*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:35 msgid "Filesystem errors corrected" msgstr "已修正檔案系統錯誤" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:35 ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:76 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:65 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:80 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:52 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:69 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:100 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:981 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1716 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:150 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "*2*" msgstr "*2*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:37 msgid "System should be rebooted" msgstr "系統應重新啟動" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:37 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:44 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:86 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:83 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1719 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:153 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:146 #, no-wrap msgid "*4*" msgstr "*4*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:39 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:88 msgid "Filesystem errors left uncorrected" msgstr "仍有未修正的檔案系統錯誤" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:39 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:46 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:90 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:79 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1722 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:156 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "*8*" msgstr "*8*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:41 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:92 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:90 msgid "Operational error" msgstr "操作錯誤" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:41 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:48 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:92 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1725 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:159 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:152 #, no-wrap msgid "*16*" msgstr "*16*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:43 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:94 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:92 msgid "Usage or syntax error" msgstr "使用方式或語法錯誤" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:43 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:39 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1728 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:52 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:162 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:155 #, no-wrap msgid "*32*" msgstr "*32*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:45 msgid "Checking canceled by user request" msgstr "檢查因使用者要求而取消" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*128*" msgstr "*128*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:47 msgid "Shared-library error" msgstr "共用程式庫錯誤" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:49 msgid "The exit status returned when multiple filesystems are checked is the bit-wise OR of the exit statuses for each filesystem that is checked." msgstr "檢查多個檔案系統時傳回的結束狀態，是每個被檢查檔案系統之結束狀態的位元 OR。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:51 msgid "In actuality, *fsck* is simply a front-end for the various filesystem checkers (*fsck*._fstype_) available under Linux. The filesystem-specific checker is searched for in the *PATH* environment variable. If the *PATH* is undefined then fallback to _/sbin_." msgstr "實際上，*fsck* 只是 Linux 下各種檔案系統檢查器（*fsck*._fstype_）的前端。會在 *PATH* 環境變數中搜尋檔案系統專屬的檢查器。若未定義 *PATH*，則退回 _/sbin_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:53 msgid "Please see the filesystem-specific checker manual pages for further details." msgstr "進一步的細節請參閱檔案系統專屬檢查器的 man page。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:56 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:54 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*" msgstr "*-l*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:58 msgid "Create an exclusive *flock*(2) lock file (_/run/fsck/.lock_) for whole-disk device. This option can be used with one device only (this means that *-A* and *-l* are mutually exclusive). This option is recommended when more *fsck* instances are executed in the same time. The option is ignored when used for multiple devices or for non-rotating disks. *fsck* does not lock underlying devices when executed to check stacked devices (e.g. MD or DM) - this feature is not implemented yet." msgstr "為整顆磁碟的裝置建立互斥的 *flock*(2) 鎖定檔（_/run/fsck/.lock_）。此選項只能用於一個裝置（這表示 *-A* 與 *-l* 互斥）。當同時執行多個 *fsck* 執行個體時，建議使用此選項。當用於多個裝置或非旋轉式磁碟時，此選項會被忽略。*fsck* 在執行以檢查堆疊式裝置（例如 MD 或 DM）時不會鎖定底層裝置——此功能尚未實作。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r* [_fd_]" msgstr "*-r* [_fd_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:61 msgid "Report certain statistics for each fsck when it completes. These statistics include the exit status, the maximum run set size (in kilobytes), the elapsed all-clock time and the user and system CPU time used by the fsck run. For example:" msgstr "每個 fsck 完成時回報某些統計資料。這些統計資料包括結束狀態、最大執行集合大小（以千位元組為單位）、經過的全程時鐘時間，以及 fsck 執行所使用的使用者與系統 CPU 時間。例如：" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:63 msgid "*/dev/sda1: status 0, rss 92828, real 4.002804, user 2.677592, sys 0.86186*" msgstr "*/dev/sda1: status 0, rss 92828, real 4.002804, user 2.677592, sys 0.86186*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:65 msgid "GUI front-ends may specify a file descriptor _fd_, in which case the progress bar information will be sent to that file descriptor in a machine parsable format. For example:" msgstr "GUI 前端可以指定檔案描述元 _fd_，此時進度列資訊會以機器可剖析的格式傳送到該檔案描述元。例如：" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:67 msgid "*/dev/sda1 0 92828 4.002804 2.677592 0.86186*" msgstr "*/dev/sda1 0 92828 4.002804 2.677592 0.86186*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:68 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:59 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:81 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:445 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*" msgstr "*-s*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:70 msgid "Serialize *fsck* operations. This is a good idea if you are checking multiple filesystems and the checkers are in an interactive mode. (Note: *e2fsck*(8) runs in an interactive mode by default. To make *e2fsck*(8) run in a non-interactive mode, you must either specify the *-p* or *-a* option, if you wish for errors to be corrected automatically, or the *-n* option if you do not.)" msgstr "將 *fsck* 操作序列化。如果您正在檢查多個檔案系統，且檢查器處於互動模式，這是個好主意。（注意：*e2fsck*(8) 預設以互動模式執行。若要讓 *e2fsck*(8) 以非互動模式執行，若您希望自動修正錯誤，必須指定 *-p* 或 *-a* 選項；若不希望，則指定 *-n* 選項。）" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t* _fslist_" msgstr "*-t* _fslist_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:73 msgid "Specifies the type(s) of filesystem to be checked. When the *-A* flag is specified, only filesystems that match _fslist_ are checked. The _fslist_ parameter is a comma-separated list of filesystems and options specifiers. All of the filesystems in this comma-separated list may be prefixed by a negation operator '*no*' or '*!*', which requests that only those filesystems not listed in _fslist_ will be checked. If none of the filesystems in _fslist_ is prefixed by a negation operator, then only those listed filesystems will be checked." msgstr "指定要檢查的檔案系統類型。當指定 *-A* 旗標時，只會檢查符合 _fslist_ 的檔案系統。_fslist_ 參數是以逗號分隔的檔案系統與選項指定器清單。此逗號分隔清單中的所有檔案系統都可以加上否定運算子 '*no*' 或 '*!*' 作為前綴，這表示只會檢查未列在 _fslist_ 中的檔案系統。若 _fslist_ 中的檔案系統都沒有以否定運算子作為前綴，則只會檢查列出的檔案系統。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:75 msgid "Options specifiers may be included in the comma-separated _fslist_. They must have the format **opts=**__fs-option__. If an options specifier is present, then only filesystems which contain _fs-option_ in their mount options field of _/etc/fstab_ will be checked. If the options specifier is prefixed by a negation operator, then only those filesystems that do not have _fs-option_ in their mount options field of _/etc/fstab_ will be checked." msgstr "選項指定器可以包含在逗號分隔的 _fslist_ 中。它們必須具有 **opts=**__fs-option__ 的格式。若有選項指定器存在，則只會檢查 _/etc/fstab_ 的掛載選項欄位中含有 _fs-option_ 的檔案系統。若選項指定器以否定運算子作為前綴，則只會檢查 _/etc/fstab_ 的掛載選項欄位中沒有 _fs-option_ 的檔案系統。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:77 msgid "For example, if *opts=ro* appears in _fslist_, then only filesystems listed in _/etc/fstab_ with the *ro* option will be checked." msgstr "例如，若 _fslist_ 中出現 *opts=ro*，則只會檢查 _/etc/fstab_ 中列出且帶有 *ro* 選項的檔案系統。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:79 msgid "For compatibility with Mandrake distributions whose boot scripts depend upon an unauthorized UI change to the *fsck* program, if a filesystem type of *loop* is found in _fslist_, it is treated as if *opts=loop* were specified as an argument to the *-t* option." msgstr "為了與開機腳本依賴 *fsck* 程式之未授權 UI 變更的 Mandrake 發行版相容，若在 _fslist_ 中找到 *loop* 檔案系統類型，會視為已將 *opts=loop* 指定為 *-t* 選項的引數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:81 msgid "Normally, the filesystem type is deduced by searching for _filesys_ in the _/etc/fstab_ file and using the corresponding entry. If the type cannot be deduced, and there is only a single filesystem given as an argument to the *-t* option, *fsck* will use the specified filesystem type. If this type is not available, then the default filesystem type (currently ext2) is used." msgstr "一般來說，檔案系統類型是透過在 _/etc/fstab_ 檔案中搜尋 _filesys_ 並使用對應的項目來推斷。若無法推斷類型，且只有單一檔案系統作為 *-t* 選項的引數，*fsck* 會使用指定的檔案系統類型。若此類型不可用，則使用預設的檔案系統類型（目前為 ext2）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-A*" msgstr "*-A*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:84 msgid "Walk through the _/etc/fstab_ file and try to check all filesystems in one run. This option is typically used from the _/etc/rc_ system initialization file, instead of multiple commands for checking a single filesystem." msgstr "走訪 _/etc/fstab_ 檔案並嘗試在一次執行中檢查所有檔案系統。此選項通常用於 _/etc/rc_ 系統初始化檔案中，取代多個用來檢查單一檔案系統的命令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:86 msgid "The root filesystem will be checked first unless the *-P* option is specified (see below). After that, filesystems will be checked in the order specified by the _fs_passno_ (the sixth) field in the _/etc/fstab_ file. Filesystems with a _fs_passno_ value of 0 are skipped and are not checked at all. Filesystems with a _fs_passno_ value of greater than zero will be checked in order, with filesystems with the lowest _fs_passno_ number being checked first. If there are multiple filesystems with the same pass number, *fsck* will attempt to check them in parallel, although it will avoid running multiple filesystem checks on the same physical disk." msgstr "除非指定 *-P* 選項（見下文），否則會先檢查根檔案系統。之後，檔案系統會依照 _/etc/fstab_ 檔案中 _fs_passno_（第六個）欄位指定的順序進行檢查。_fs_passno_ 值為 0 的檔案系統會被跳過且完全不檢查。_fs_passno_ 值大於 0 的檔案系統會依序檢查，_fs_passno_ 數字最小的先檢查。若有多個檔案系統具有相同的 pass 編號，*fsck* 會嘗試並行檢查它們，但它會避免在同一顆實體磁碟上執行多次檔案系統檢查。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:88 msgid "*fsck* does not check stacked devices (RAIDs, dm-crypt, ...) in parallel with any other device. See below for *FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL* setting. The _/sys_ filesystem is used to determine dependencies between devices." msgstr "*fsck* 不會與任何其他裝置並行檢查堆疊式裝置（RAID、dm-crypt、……）。請參閱下方的 *FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL* 設定。_/sys_ 檔案系統用於判斷裝置之間的相依性。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:90 msgid "Hence, a very common configuration in _/etc/fstab_ files is to set the root filesystem to have a _fs_passno_ value of 1 and to set all other filesystems to have a _fs_passno_ value of 2. This will allow *fsck* to automatically run filesystem checkers in parallel if it is advantageous to do so. System administrators might choose not to use this configuration if they need to avoid multiple filesystem checks running in parallel for some reason - for example, if the machine in question is short on memory so that excessive paging is a concern." msgstr "因此，_/etc/fstab_ 檔案中一個非常常見的組態，是將根檔案系統的 _fs_passno_ 值設為 1，並將所有其他檔案系統的 _fs_passno_ 值設為 2。這會讓 *fsck* 在並行執行有利的情況下自動並行執行檔案系統檢查器。系統管理員若因某種原因需要避免多個檔案系統檢查並行執行，可以選擇不使用此組態——例如，如果該機器記憶體不足，造成過度分頁的疑慮。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:92 msgid "*fsck* normally does not check whether the device actually exists before calling a filesystem specific checker. Therefore non-existing devices may cause the system to enter filesystem repair mode during boot if the filesystem specific checker returns a fatal error. The _/etc/fstab_ mount option *nofail* may be used to have *fsck* skip non-existing devices. *fsck* also skips non-existing devices that have the special filesystem type *auto*." msgstr "*fsck* 在呼叫檔案系統專屬檢查器之前，一般不會檢查裝置是否確實存在。因此，若檔案系統專屬檢查器傳回致命錯誤，不存在的裝置可能會導致系統在開機期間進入檔案系統修復模式。可以使用 _/etc/fstab_ 的掛載選項 *nofail*，讓 *fsck* 跳過不存在的裝置。*fsck* 也會跳過具有特殊檔案系統類型 *auto* 的不存在裝置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C* [_fd_]" msgstr "*-C* [_fd_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:95 msgid "Display completion/progress bars for those filesystem checkers (currently only for ext[234]) which support them. *fsck* will manage the filesystem checkers so that only one of them will display a progress bar at a time. GUI front-ends may specify a file descriptor _fd_, in which case the progress bar information will be sent to that file descriptor." msgstr "為支援完成/進度列的檔案系統檢查器（目前只有 ext[234]）顯示完成/進度列。*fsck* 會管理檔案系統檢查器，使同一時間只有其中一個會顯示進度列。GUI 前端可以指定檔案描述元 _fd_，此時進度列資訊會傳送到該檔案描述元。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:96 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M*" msgstr "*-M*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:98 msgid "Do not check mounted filesystems and return an exit status of 0 for mounted filesystems." msgstr "不要檢查已掛載的檔案系統，並對已掛載的檔案系統傳回結束狀態 0。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N*" msgstr "*-N*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:101 msgid "Don't execute, just show what would be done." msgstr "不要執行，只顯示會做什麼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:102 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*" msgstr "*-P*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:104 msgid "When the *-A* flag is set, check the root filesystem in parallel with the other filesystems. This is not the safest thing in the world to do, since if the root filesystem is in doubt things like the *e2fsck*(8) executable might be corrupted! This option is mainly provided for those sysadmins who don't want to repartition the root filesystem to be small and compact (which is really the right solution)." msgstr "當設定 *-A* 旗標時，與其他檔案系統並行檢查根檔案系統。這不是最安全的做法，因為如果根檔案系統不穩定，像 *e2fsck*(8) 執行檔這類東西可能已損毀！此選項主要是提供給那些不想將根檔案系統重新分割成小而精簡（這其實才是正確的解決方案）的系統管理員。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "*-R*" msgstr "*-R*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:107 msgid "When checking all filesystems with the *-A* flag, skip the root filesystem. (This is useful in case the root filesystem has already been mounted read-write.)" msgstr "使用 *-A* 旗標檢查所有檔案系統時，跳過根檔案系統。（這在根檔案系統已以讀寫模式掛載的情況下很有用。）" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*" msgstr "*-T*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:110 msgid "Don't show the title on startup." msgstr "啟動時不要顯示標題。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:111 #, no-wrap msgid "*-V*" msgstr "*-V*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:113 msgid "Produce verbose output, including all filesystem-specific commands that are executed." msgstr "產生詳細輸出，包括所有被執行的檔案系統專屬命令。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:114 #, no-wrap msgid "*-?*, *--help*" msgstr "*-?*, *--help*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:117 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:186 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:168 #, no-wrap msgid "*--version*" msgstr "*--version*" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:120 #, no-wrap msgid "FILESYSTEM SPECIFIC OPTIONS" msgstr "檔案系統專屬選項" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:123 msgid "*Options which are not understood by fsck are passed to the filesystem-specific checker!*" msgstr "*fsck 無法理解的選項會被傳遞給檔案系統專屬檢查器！*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:125 msgid "These options *must* not take arguments, as there is no way for *fsck* to be able to properly guess which options take arguments and which don't." msgstr "這些選項 *必須* 不接受引數，因為 *fsck* 無法正確猜測哪些選項接受引數、哪些不接受。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:127 msgid "Options and arguments which follow the *--* are treated as filesystem-specific options to be passed to the filesystem-specific checker." msgstr "跟在 *--* 之後的選項與引數，會被視為要傳遞給檔案系統專屬檢查器的檔案系統專屬選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:129 msgid "Please note that *fsck* is not designed to pass arbitrarily complicated options to filesystem-specific checkers. If you're doing something complicated, please just execute the filesystem-specific checker directly. If you pass *fsck* some horribly complicated options and arguments, and it doesn't do what you expect, *don't bother reporting it as a bug.* You're almost certainly doing something that you shouldn't be doing with *fsck*. Options to different filesystem-specific fsck's are not standardized." msgstr "請注意，*fsck* 並非設計來傳遞任意複雜的選項給檔案系統專屬檢查器。如果您在進行複雜的操作，請直接執行檔案系統專屬檢查器。如果您傳遞給 *fsck* 一些極其複雜的選項與引數，而它沒有如您預期運作，*請不要回報為臭蟲。*您幾乎肯定做了不該用 *fsck* 來做的事。不同檔案系統專屬 fsck 的選項並未標準化。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:133 msgid "The *fsck* program's behavior is affected by the following environment variables:" msgstr "*fsck* 程式的行為會受到下列環境變數影響：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:134 #, no-wrap msgid "*FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL*" msgstr "*FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:136 msgid "If this environment variable is set, *fsck* will attempt to check all of the specified filesystems in parallel, regardless of whether the filesystems appear to be on the same device. (This is useful for RAID systems or high-end storage systems such as those sold by companies such as IBM or EMC.) Note that the _fs_passno_ value is still used." msgstr "若設定此環境變數，*fsck* 會嘗試並行檢查所有指定的檔案系統，無論這些檔案系統是否看似位於同一裝置上。（這對於 RAID 系統，或像是 IBM 或 EMC 等公司銷售的高階儲存系統很有用。）請注意，_fs_passno_ 值仍然會使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "*FSCK_MAX_INST*" msgstr "*FSCK_MAX_INST*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:139 msgid "This environment variable will limit the maximum number of filesystem checkers that can be running at one time. This allows configurations which have a large number of disks to avoid *fsck* starting too many filesystem checkers at once, which might overload CPU and memory resources available on the system. If this value is zero, then an unlimited number of processes can be spawned. This is currently the default, but future versions of *fsck* may attempt to automatically determine how many filesystem checks can be run based on gathering accounting data from the operating system." msgstr "此環境變數會限制同一時間可以執行的檔案系統檢查器最大數量。這讓擁有大量磁碟的組態可以避免 *fsck* 一次啟動太多檔案系統檢查器，以免使系統上可用的 CPU 與記憶體資源超載。若此值為零，則可以衍生不限數量的處理程序。這目前是預設值，但未來的 *fsck* 版本可能會嘗試依據從作業系統收集的計帳資料，自動決定可執行多少個檔案系統檢查。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "*PATH*" msgstr "*PATH*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:142 msgid "The *PATH* environment variable is used to find filesystem checkers." msgstr "*PATH* 環境變數用於尋找檔案系統檢查器。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "*FSTAB_FILE*" msgstr "*FSTAB_FILE*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:145 msgid "This environment variable allows the system administrator to override the standard location of the _/etc/fstab_ file. It is also useful for developers who are testing *fsck*." msgstr "此環境變數讓系統管理員可以覆寫 _/etc/fstab_ 檔案的標準位置。這對正在測試 *fsck* 的開發人員也很有用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:146 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all*" msgstr "*LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBMOUNT_DEBUG=all*" msgstr "*LIBMOUNT_DEBUG=all*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:151 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:59 msgid "enables libmount debug output." msgstr "啟用 libmount 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:152 ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:201 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:131 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:152 #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:42 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:123 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:135 ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:77 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:86 ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:46 #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:50 ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:41 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:130 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:380 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:161 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1768 #: ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:59 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:87 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:117 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:180 #: ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:61 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:196 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:91 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:319 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "FILES" msgstr "檔案" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:155 ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:52 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1772 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:185 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:201 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/fstab_" msgstr "_/etc/fstab_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:160 msgid "During boot, *systemd* does not invoke *fsck -A*. Instead, it schedules the activation of mounts individually, taking into account dependencies on backing devices, networking, and other factors. Consequently, *fsck* is called individually for each device." msgstr "開機期間，*systemd* 不會呼叫 *fsck -A*。取而代之，它會個別排定掛載的啟用，考量到對底層裝置、網路與其他因素的相依性。因此，*fsck* 會針對每個裝置個別呼叫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:165 msgid "mailto:tytso@mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:tytso@mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:179 msgid "*fstab*(5), *mkfs*(8), *fsck.ext2*(8) or *fsck.ext3*(8) or *e2fsck*(8), *fsck.cramfs*(8), *fsck.jfs*(8), *fsck.nfs*(8), *fsck.minix*(8), *fsck.msdos*(8), *fsck.vfat*(8), *fsck.xfs*(8), *reiserfsck*(8)" msgstr "*fstab*(5), *mkfs*(8), *fsck.ext2*(8), *fsck.ext3*(8), *e2fsck*(8), *fsck.cramfs*(8), *fsck.jfs*(8), *fsck.nfs*(8), *fsck.minix*(8), *fsck.msdos*(8), *fsck.vfat*(8), *fsck.xfs*(8), *reiserfsck*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "fsck.cramfs(8)" msgstr "fsck.cramfs(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:12 msgid "fsck.cramfs - fsck compressed ROM file system" msgstr "fsck.cramfs - fsck 壓縮的 ROM 檔案系統" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:16 msgid "*fsck.cramfs* [options] _file_" msgstr "*fsck.cramfs* [options] _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:20 msgid "*fsck.cramfs* is used to check the cramfs file system." msgstr "*fsck.cramfs* 用於檢查 cramfs 檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:23 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:58 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:48 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:98 #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:37 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:128 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:41 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:64 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:34 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:30 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:105 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:65 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:88 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:54 #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:96 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:74 #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:86 ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:79 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:188 ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:72 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:489 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:54 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:108 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:48 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:92 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:112 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--verbose*" msgstr "*-v*, *--verbose*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:25 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:37 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:74 msgid "Enable verbose messaging." msgstr "啟用詳細訊息輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:26 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--blocksize* _blocksize_" msgstr "*-b*, *--blocksize* _blocksize_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:28 msgid "Use this blocksize, defaults to page size. Must be equal to what was set at creation time. Only used for *--extract*." msgstr "使用此區塊大小，預設為頁面大小。必須與建立時設定的大小相同。僅用於 *--extract*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:29 #, no-wrap msgid "*--extract*[**=**_directory_]" msgstr "*--extract*[**=**_directory_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:31 msgid "Test to uncompress the whole file system. Optionally extract contents of the _file_ to _directory_." msgstr "測試解壓縮整個檔案系統。可選擇性地將 _file_ 的內容解壓縮到 _directory_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:32 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*" msgstr "*-a*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:34 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:37 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:53 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:56 msgid "This option is silently ignored." msgstr "此選項會被靜默地忽略。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-y*" msgstr "*-y*" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:40 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:78 #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:60 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:75 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:82 #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:86 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:57 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:121 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:109 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:122 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:152 #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:42 ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:68 #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:28 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:44 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:59 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:211 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:66 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:119 #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:194 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:77 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:207 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:72 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:44 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:99 #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:110 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:59 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:59 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:79 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:190 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:97 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:101 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:74 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:362 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:146 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:105 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:92 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1706 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:42 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:143 ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:29 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:133 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:87 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:95 ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:222 #, no-wrap msgid "EXIT STATUS" msgstr "結束狀態" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:44 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:37 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:79 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:46 #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:34 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:50 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:63 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:72 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:125 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:211 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:50 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:65 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:65 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:85 #: ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:78 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1712 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:149 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:139 msgid "success" msgstr "成功" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:46 msgid "file system was left uncorrected" msgstr "檔案系統仍未修正" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:48 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:81 msgid "operation error, such as unable to allocate memory" msgstr "操作錯誤，例如無法配置記憶體" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:50 msgid "usage information was printed" msgstr "已列印使用說明資訊" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:55 msgid "*mount*(8), *mkfs.cramfs*(8)" msgstr "*mount*(8), *mkfs.cramfs*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "fsck.minix(8)" msgstr "fsck.minix(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:18 msgid "fsck.minix - check consistency of Minix filesystem" msgstr "fsck.minix - 檢查 Minix 檔案系統的一致性" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:22 msgid "*fsck.minix* [options] _device_" msgstr "*fsck.minix* [options] _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:26 msgid "*fsck.minix* performs a consistency check for the Linux MINIX filesystem." msgstr "*fsck.minix* 會對 Linux MINIX 檔案系統執行一致性檢查。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:28 msgid "The program assumes the filesystem is quiescent. *fsck.minix* should not be used on a mounted device unless you can be sure nobody is writing to it. Remember that the kernel can write to device when it searches for files." msgstr "此程式假設檔案系統處於靜止狀態。除非您可以確定沒有人在寫入，否則不應對已掛載的裝置使用 *fsck.minix*。請記住，核心在搜尋檔案時可能會寫入裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:30 msgid "The _device_ name will usually have the following form:" msgstr "_device_ 名稱通常具有下列形式：" #. type: Table #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|/dev/hda[1-63] |IDE disk 1\n" "|/dev/hdb[1-63] |IDE disk 2\n" "|/dev/sda[1-15] |SCSI disk 1\n" "|/dev/sdb[1-15] |SCSI disk 2\n" msgstr "" "|/dev/hda[1-63] |IDE 磁碟 1\n" "|/dev/hdb[1-63] |IDE 磁碟 2\n" "|/dev/sda[1-15] |SCSI 磁碟 1\n" "|/dev/sdb[1-15] |SCSI 磁碟 2\n" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:42 msgid "If the filesystem was changed, i.e., repaired, then *fsck.minix* will print \"FILE SYSTEM HAS BEEN CHANGED\" and will *sync*(2) three times before exiting. There is _no_ need to reboot after check." msgstr "若檔案系統已被變更（也就是被修復），那麼 *fsck.minix* 會列印「FILE SYSTEM HAS BEEN CHANGED」，並在結束前執行 *sync*(2) 三次。檢查之後 _不_ 需要重新啟動。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:43 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:54 ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:171 #, no-wrap msgid "WARNING" msgstr "警告" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:46 msgid "*fsck.minix* should *not* be used on a mounted filesystem. Using *fsck.minix* on a mounted filesystem is very dangerous, due to the possibility that deleted files are still in use, and can seriously damage a perfectly good filesystem! If you absolutely have to run *fsck.minix* on a mounted filesystem, such as the root filesystem, make sure nothing is writing to the disk, and that no files are \"zombies\" waiting for deletion." msgstr "*fsck.minix* *不* 應該用於已掛載的檔案系統。對已掛載的檔案系統使用 *fsck.minix* 非常危險，因為已刪除的檔案可能仍在使用中，而且可能嚴重損壞一個完好無缺的檔案系統！若您絕對必須在已掛載的檔案系統（例如根檔案系統）上執行 *fsck.minix*，請確保沒有任何東西在寫入磁碟，且沒有檔案是等待刪除的「殭屍」（zombie）檔案。" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:51 msgid "List all filenames." msgstr "列出所有檔名。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--repair*" msgstr "*-r*, *--repair*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:54 msgid "Perform interactive repairs." msgstr "執行互動式修復。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--auto*" msgstr "*-a*, *--auto*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:57 msgid "Perform automatic repairs. This option implies *--repair* and serves to answer all of the questions asked with the default. Note that this can be extremely dangerous in the case of extensive filesystem damage." msgstr "執行自動修復。此選項隱含 *--repair*，並以預設值回答所有被提出的問題。請注意，在檔案系統受損範圍廣泛的情況下，這可能極度危險。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--super*" msgstr "*-s*, *--super*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:63 msgid "Output super-block information." msgstr "輸出超級區塊（super-block）資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--uncleared*" msgstr "*-m*, *--uncleared*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:66 msgid "Activate MINIX-like \"mode not cleared\" warnings." msgstr "啟用類似 MINIX 的「mode not cleared」（模式未清除）警告。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:67 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:51 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:167 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:52 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:33 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:93 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--force*" msgstr "*-f*, *--force*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:69 msgid "Force a filesystem check even if the filesystem was marked as valid. Marking is done by the kernel when the filesystem is unmounted." msgstr "即使檔案系統已標記為有效，也強制執行檔案系統檢查。此標記是核心在檔案系統卸載時所做的。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:72 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:352 #, no-wrap msgid "DIAGNOSTICS" msgstr "診斷訊息" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:75 msgid "There are numerous diagnostic messages. The ones mentioned here are the most commonly seen in normal usage." msgstr "有許多診斷訊息。這裡提到的是一般使用中最常見的。" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:77 msgid "If the device does not exist, *fsck.minix* will print \"unable to read super block\". If the device exists, but is not a MINIX filesystem, *fsck.minix* will print \"bad magic number in super-block\"." msgstr "若裝置不存在，*fsck.minix* 會列印「unable to read super block」。若裝置存在但不是 MINIX 檔案系統，*fsck.minix* 會列印「bad magic number in super-block」。" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:81 msgid "The exit status returned by *fsck.minix* is the sum of the following:" msgstr "*fsck.minix* 傳回的結束狀態是下列的總和：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:84 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*3*" msgstr "*3*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:86 msgid "Filesystem errors corrected, system should be rebooted if filesystem was mounted" msgstr "檔案系統錯誤已修正；若檔案系統已掛載，系統應重新啟動" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*7*" msgstr "*7*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:90 msgid "Combination of exit statuses 3 and 4" msgstr "結束狀態 3 與 4 的組合" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:99 msgid "mailto:torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi[Linus Torvalds]. Exit status values by mailto:faith@cs.unc.edu[Rik Faith] Added support for filesystem valid flag: mailto:greg%wind.uucp@plains.nodak.edu[Dr. Wettstein]. Check to prevent fsck of mounted filesystem added by mailto:quinlan@yggdrasil.com[Daniel Quinlan]. Minix v2 fs support by mailto:schwab@issan.informatik.uni-dortmund.de[Andreas Schwab], updated by mailto:janl@math.uio.no[Nicolai Langfeldt]. Portability patch by mailto:rmk@ecs.soton.ac.uk[Russell King]." msgstr "mailto:torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi[Linus Torvalds]。結束狀態值由 mailto:faith@cs.unc.edu[Rik Faith] 提供。檔案系統有效旗標的支援由 mailto:greg%wind.uucp@plains.nodak.edu[Dr. Wettstein] 新增。防止對已掛載檔案系統執行 fsck 的檢查由 mailto:quinlan@yggdrasil.com[Daniel Quinlan] 新增。Minix v2 檔案系統支援由 mailto:schwab@issan.informatik.uni-dortmund.de[Andreas Schwab] 提供，並由 mailto:janl@math.uio.no[Nicolai Langfeldt] 更新。可攜性修補程式由 mailto:rmk@ecs.soton.ac.uk[Russell King] 提供。" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:108 msgid "*fsck*(8), *fsck.ext2*(8), *mkfs*(8), *mkfs.ext2*(8), *mkfs.minix*(8), *reboot*(8)" msgstr "*fsck*(8), *fsck.ext2*(8), *mkfs*(8), *mkfs.ext2*(8), *mkfs.minix*(8), *reboot*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "isosize(8)" msgstr "isosize(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:12 msgid "isosize - output the length of an iso9660 filesystem" msgstr "isosize - 輸出 iso9660 檔案系統的長度" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:16 msgid "*isosize* [options] _iso9660_image_file_" msgstr "*isosize* [options] _iso9660_image_file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:20 msgid "This command outputs the length of an iso9660 filesystem that is contained in the specified file. This file may be a normal file or a block device (e.g. _/dev/hdd_ or _/dev/sr0_). In the absence of any options (and errors), it will output the size of the iso9660 filesystem in bytes. This can now be a large number (>> 4 GB)." msgstr "此命令輸出包含在指定檔案中 iso9660 檔案系統的長度。此檔案可以是普通檔案或區塊裝置（例如 _/dev/hdd_ 或 _/dev/sr0_）。在沒有任何選項（且無錯誤）的情況下，它會以位元組輸出 iso9660 檔案系統的大小。現在這可能是很大的數字（>> 4 GB）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:23 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--sectors*" msgstr "*-x*, *--sectors*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:25 msgid "Show the block count and block size in human-readable form. The output uses the term \"sectors\" for \"blocks\"." msgstr "以人類可讀的形式顯示區塊數量與區塊大小。輸出會以「sectors」（磁區）一詞代表「blocks」（區塊）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:26 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:59 #: ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--divisor* _number_" msgstr "*-d*, *--divisor* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:28 msgid "Only has an effect when *-x* is not given. The value shown (if no errors) is the iso9660 file size in bytes divided by _number_. So if _number_ is the block size then the shown value will be the block count." msgstr "只有在不給定 *-x* 時才有效。顯示的值（若無錯誤）是 iso9660 檔案大小（以位元組計）除以 _number_。因此，若 _number_ 是區塊大小，則顯示的值會是區塊數量。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:30 msgid "The size of the file (or block device) holding an iso9660 filesystem can be marginally larger than the actual size of the iso9660 filesystem. One reason for this is that cd writers are allowed to add \"run out\" sectors at the end of an iso9660 image." msgstr "容納 iso9660 檔案系統的檔案（或區塊裝置）大小，可能略大於 iso9660 檔案系統的實際大小。其中一個原因是允許光碟燒錄機在 iso9660 映像檔尾端加入「run out」（用盡）磁區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:39 msgid "generic failure, such as invalid usage" msgstr "一般性失敗，例如無效的使用方式" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:41 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:82 msgid "all failed" msgstr "全部失敗" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:41 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:127 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:86 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:69 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:89 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1731 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:165 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "*64*" msgstr "*64*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:43 msgid "some failed" msgstr "部分失敗" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "mkfs(8)" msgstr "mkfs(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:12 msgid "mkfs - build a Linux filesystem" msgstr "mkfs - 建立 Linux 檔案系統" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:16 msgid "*mkfs* [options] [*-t* _type_] [_fs-options_] _device_ [_size_]" msgstr "*mkfs* [options] [*-t* _type_] [_fs-options_] _device_ [_size_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:20 msgid "*This mkfs frontend is deprecated in favour of filesystem specific mkfs. utils.*" msgstr "*此 mkfs 前端已棄用，建議改用檔案系統專屬的 mkfs. 工具。*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:22 msgid "*mkfs* is used to build a Linux filesystem on a device, usually a hard disk partition. The _device_ argument is either the device name (e.g., _/dev/hda1_, _/dev/sdb2_), or a regular file that shall contain the filesystem. The _size_ argument is the number of blocks to be used for the filesystem." msgstr "*mkfs* 用於在裝置（通常是硬碟分割區）上建立 Linux 檔案系統。_device_（裝置）引數可以是裝置名稱（例如 _/dev/hda1_、_/dev/sdb2_），或是以後要放置檔案系統的一般檔案。_size_（大小）引數是用於該檔案系統的區塊數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:24 msgid "The exit status returned by *mkfs* is 0 on success and 1 on failure." msgstr "*mkfs* 傳回的結束狀態在成功時為 0，失敗時為 1。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:26 msgid "In actuality, *mkfs* is simply a front-end for the various filesystem builders (**mkfs.**__fstype__) available under Linux. The filesystem-specific builder is searched for via your *PATH* environment setting only. Please see the filesystem-specific builder manual pages for further details." msgstr "實際上，*mkfs* 只是 Linux 下各種檔案系統建立工具的介面（**mkfs.**__fstype__）。它只會透過 *PATH* 環境設定來搜尋對應的檔案系統建立工具。詳細資訊請參閱各檔案系統建立工具的手冊頁。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:31 msgid "Specify the _type_ of filesystem to be built. If not specified, the default filesystem type (currently ext2) is used." msgstr "指定要建立的檔案系統 _type_（類型）。若未指定，則使用預設的檔案系統類型（目前為 ext2）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:32 #, no-wrap msgid "_fs-options_" msgstr "_檔案系統選項_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:34 msgid "Filesystem-specific options to be passed to the real filesystem builder." msgstr "要傳給實際檔案系統建立工具的檔案系統專屬選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-V*, *--verbose*" msgstr "*-V*, *--verbose*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:37 msgid "Produce verbose output, including all filesystem-specific commands that are executed. Specifying this option more than once inhibits execution of any filesystem-specific commands. This is really only useful for testing." msgstr "產生詳細輸出，包括所有被執行的檔案系統專屬命令。指定此選項超過一次時，會抑制任何檔案系統專屬命令的執行。這實際上只對測試有用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:40 msgid "(Option *-V* will display version information only when it is the only parameter, otherwise it will work as *--verbose*.)" msgstr "（只有當 *-V* 是唯一參數時才會顯示版本資訊，否則它會以 *--verbose* 的方式運作。）" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:41 ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:51 #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:174 ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:68 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:191 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:144 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:161 ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:52 #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:83 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:91 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:144 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1794 #: ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:70 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:344 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:158 ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:179 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:72 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:266 #: ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:78 #, no-wrap msgid "BUGS" msgstr "臭蟲" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:44 msgid "All generic options must precede and not be combined with filesystem-specific options. Some filesystem-specific programs do not automatically detect the device size and require the _size_ parameter to be specified." msgstr "所有通用選項都必須置於檔案系統專屬選項之前，且不能與檔案系統專屬選項結合使用。有些檔案系統專屬程式不會自動偵測裝置大小，需要指定 _size_ 參數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:50 msgid "mailto:david@ods.com[David Engel], mailto:waltje@uwalt.nl.mugnet.org[Fred N. van Kempen], mailto:sommel@sci.kun.nl[Ron Sommeling]." msgstr "mailto:david@ods.com[David Engel], mailto:waltje@uwalt.nl.mugnet.org[Fred N. van Kempen], mailto:sommel@sci.kun.nl[Ron Sommeling]." #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:52 msgid "The manual page was shamelessly adapted from Remy Card's version for the ext2 filesystem." msgstr "本手冊頁毫不客氣地改編自 Remy Card 為 ext2 檔案系統撰寫的版本。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:68 msgid "*fs*(5), *badblocks*(8), *fsck*(8), *mkdosfs*(8), *mke2fs*(8), *mkfs.bfs*(8), *mkfs.ext2*(8), *mkfs.ext3*(8), *mkfs.ext4*(8), *mkfs.minix*(8), *mkfs.msdos*(8), *mkfs.vfat*(8), *mkfs.xfs*(8)" msgstr "*fs*(5), *badblocks*(8), *fsck*(8), *mkdosfs*(8), *mke2fs*(8), *mkfs.bfs*(8), *mkfs.ext2*(8), *mkfs.ext3*(8), *mkfs.ext4*(8), *mkfs.minix*(8), *mkfs.msdos*(8), *mkfs.vfat*(8), *mkfs.xfs*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "mkfs.bfs(8)" msgstr "mkfs.bfs(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:18 msgid "mkfs.bfs - make an SCO bfs filesystem" msgstr "mkfs.bfs - 建立 SCO bfs 檔案系統" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:22 msgid "*mkfs.bfs* [options] _device_ [_block-count_]" msgstr "*mkfs.bfs* [options] _device_ [_block-count_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:26 msgid "*mkfs.bfs* creates an SCO bfs filesystem on a block device (usually a disk partition or a file accessed via the loop device)." msgstr "*mkfs.bfs* 會在區塊裝置（通常是磁碟分割區，或透過 loop 裝置存取的檔案）上建立 SCO bfs 檔案系統。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:28 msgid "The _block-count_ parameter is the desired size of the filesystem, in blocks. If nothing is specified, the entire partition will be used." msgstr "_block-count_（區塊數）參數是想要的檔案系統大小，以區塊為單位。若未指定任何值，則會使用整個分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N*, *--inodes* _number_" msgstr "*-N*, *--inodes* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:33 msgid "Specify the desired _number_ of inodes (at most 512). If nothing is specified, some default number in the range 48-512 is picked depending on the size of the partition." msgstr "指定想要的 inode _number_（數量）（最多 512）。若未指定任何值，則會依分割區大小選取 48-512 之間的某個預設數字。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*-V*, *--vname* _label_" msgstr "*-V*, *--vname* _label_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:36 msgid "Specify the volume _label_. I have no idea if/where this is used." msgstr "指定磁碟區的 _label_（標籤）。我不知道這個值是否／在哪裡會被使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--fname* _name_" msgstr "*-F*, *--fname* _name_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:39 msgid "Specify the filesystem _name_. I have no idea if/where this is used." msgstr "指定檔案系統的 _name_（名稱）。我不知道這個值是否／在哪裡會被使用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:50 ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:92 msgid "Explain what is being done." msgstr "說明正在進行的動作。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:51 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*" msgstr "*-c*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:59 msgid "Option *-V* only works as *--version* when it is the only option." msgstr "*-V* 選項只有在它是唯一選項時，才會以 *--version* 的方式運作。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:63 msgid "The exit status returned by *mkfs.bfs* is 0 when all went well, and 1 when something went wrong." msgstr "*mkfs.bfs* 傳回的結束狀態在一切順利時為 0，發生錯誤時為 1。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:67 msgid "*mkfs*(8)" msgstr "*mkfs*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "mkfs.cramfs(8)" msgstr "mkfs.cramfs(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:12 msgid "mkfs.cramfs - make compressed ROM file system" msgstr "mkfs.cramfs - 建立壓縮的 ROM 檔案系統" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:16 msgid "*mkfs.cramfs* [options] _directory file_" msgstr "*mkfs.cramfs* [options] _directory file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:20 msgid "Files on cramfs file systems are zlib-compressed one page at a time to allow random read access. The metadata is not compressed, but is expressed in a terse representation that is more space-efficient than conventional file systems." msgstr "cramfs 檔案系統上的檔案會逐頁以 zlib 壓縮，以允許隨機讀取存取。中繼資料（metadata）不壓縮，但以簡潔的表示法表達，比傳統檔案系統更節省空間。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:22 msgid "The file system is intentionally read-only to simplify its design; random write access for compressed files is difficult to implement. cramfs ships with a utility (*mkcramfs*(8)) to pack files into new cramfs images." msgstr "這個檔案系統刻意設計為唯讀，以簡化其設計；要對壓縮檔案進行隨機寫入存取並不容易實作。cramfs 附帶一個工具（*mkcramfs*(8)），用來把檔案打包成新的 cramfs 映像檔。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:24 msgid "File sizes are limited to less than 16 MB." msgstr "檔案大小限制為小於 16 MB。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:26 msgid "Maximum file system size is a little under 272 MB. (The last file on the file system must begin before the 256 MB block, but can extend past it.)" msgstr "最大檔案系統大小略小於 272 MB。（檔案系統上的最後一個檔案必須開始於 256 MB 區塊之前，但可以延伸越過它。）" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:27 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:152 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:40 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:35 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "ARGUMENTS" msgstr "參數" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:30 msgid "The _directory_ is simply the root of the directory tree that we want to generate a compressed filesystem out of." msgstr "_directory_（目錄）就是我們想要產生壓縮檔案系統的目錄樹根目錄。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:32 msgid "The _file_ will contain the cram file system, which later can be mounted." msgstr "_file_（檔案）將包含這個 cram 檔案系統，之後可以掛載它。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "*-E*" msgstr "*-E*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:40 msgid "Treat all warnings as errors, which are reflected as command exit status." msgstr "把所有警告都視為錯誤，並反映為命令的結束狀態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b* _blocksize_" msgstr "*-b* _blocksize_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:43 msgid "Use defined block size, which has to be divisible by page size." msgstr "使用指定的區塊大小，該大小必須能被頁面大小整除。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e* _edition_" msgstr "*-e* _edition_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:46 msgid "Use defined file system edition number in superblock." msgstr "在超區塊（superblock）中使用指定的檔案系統版本編號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N* *big*|*little*|*host*" msgstr "*-N* *big*|*little*|*host*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:49 msgid "Use the specified endianness. The default is *host*." msgstr "使用指定的位元組順序（endianness）。預設為 *host*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i* _file_" msgstr "*-i* _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:52 msgid "Insert a _file_ to cramfs file system." msgstr "把一個 _file_（檔案）插入 cramfs 檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n* _name_" msgstr "*-n* _name_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:55 msgid "Set name of the cramfs file system." msgstr "設定 cramfs 檔案系統的名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:56 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*" msgstr "*-p*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:58 msgid "Pad by 512 bytes for boot code." msgstr "為開機程式碼填補 512 個位元組。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:61 msgid "This option is ignored. Originally the *-s* turned on directory entry sorting." msgstr "此選項會被忽略。原本 *-s* 是用來開啟目錄條目排序。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*" msgstr "*-z*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:64 msgid "Make explicit holes." msgstr "建立明確的洞（holes）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*[**=**_mode_]" msgstr "*-l*[**=**_mode_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:86 msgid "*fsck.cramfs*(8), *mount*(8)" msgstr "*fsck.cramfs*(8), *mount*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:11 #, no-wrap msgid "mkfs.minix(8)" msgstr "mkfs.minix(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:21 msgid "mkfs.minix - make a Minix filesystem" msgstr "mkfs.minix - 建立 Minix 檔案系統" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:25 msgid "*mkfs.minix* [options] _device_ [_size-in-blocks_]" msgstr "*mkfs.minix* [options] _device_ [_size-in-blocks_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:29 msgid "*mkfs.minix* creates a Linux MINIX filesystem on a device (usually a disk partition)." msgstr "*mkfs.minix* 會在裝置（通常是磁碟分割區）上建立 Linux MINIX 檔案系統。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:31 msgid "The _device_ is usually of the following form:" msgstr "_device_（裝置）通常具有下列形式：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "" "/dev/hda[1-8] (IDE disk 1)\n" "/dev/hdb[1-8] (IDE disk 2)\n" "/dev/sda[1-8] (SCSI disk 1)\n" "/dev/sdb[1-8] (SCSI disk 2)\n" msgstr "" "/dev/hda[1-8] (IDE disk 1)\n" "/dev/hdb[1-8] (IDE disk 2)\n" "/dev/sda[1-8] (SCSI disk 1)\n" "/dev/sdb[1-8] (SCSI disk 2)\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:40 msgid "The device may be a block device or an image file of one, but this is not enforced. Expect not much fun on a character device :-)." msgstr "裝置可以是區塊裝置或其映像檔，但不會強制執行。若是字元裝置，別期待太多樂趣 :-)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:42 msgid "The _size-in-blocks_ parameter is the desired size of the file system, in blocks. It is present only for backwards compatibility. If omitted the size will be determined automatically. Only block counts strictly greater than 10 and strictly less than 65536 are allowed." msgstr "_size-in-blocks_（區塊大小）參數是想要的檔案系統大小，以區塊為單位。它只是為了向後相容而存在；若省略，則會自動決定大小。只允許區塊數嚴格大於 10 且嚴格小於 65536。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:45 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:45 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--check*" msgstr "*-c*, *--check*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:47 msgid "Check the device for bad blocks before creating the filesystem. If any are found, the count is printed." msgstr "在建立檔案系統之前，先檢查裝置是否有壞區塊。若有找到任何壞區塊，會印出數量。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--namelength* _length_" msgstr "*-n*, *--namelength* _length_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:50 msgid "Specify the maximum length of filenames. Currently, the only allowable values are 14 and 30 for file system versions 1 and 2. Version 3 allows only value 60. The default is 30." msgstr "指定檔案名稱的最大長度。目前，檔案系統版本 1 和 2 只允許值 14 和 30；版本 3 只允許值 60。預設為 30。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--inodes* _number_" msgstr "*-i*, *--inodes* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:61 msgid "Specify the number of inodes for the filesystem." msgstr "指定檔案系統的 inode 數量。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--badblocks* _filename_" msgstr "*-l*, *--badblocks* _filename_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:64 msgid "Read the list of bad blocks from _filename_. The file has one bad-block number per line. The count of bad blocks read is printed." msgstr "從 _filename_（檔名）讀取壞區塊清單。該檔案每行一個壞區塊編號。會印出讀取到的壞區塊數量。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:65 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-1*" msgstr "*-1*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:67 msgid "Make a Minix version 1 filesystem. This is the default." msgstr "建立 Minix 版本 1 檔案系統。這是預設值。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-2*, *-v*" msgstr "*-2*, *-v*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:70 msgid "Make a Minix version 2 filesystem." msgstr "建立 Minix 版本 2 檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-3*" msgstr "*-3*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:73 msgid "Make a Minix version 3 filesystem." msgstr "建立 Minix 版本 3 檔案系統。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:76 msgid "The long option cannot be combined with other options." msgstr "長選項不能與其他選項結合使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:79 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:107 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:96 #, no-wrap msgid "LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE=" msgstr "LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE=" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:85 msgid "The exit status returned by *mkfs.minix* is one of the following:" msgstr "*mkfs.minix* 傳回的結束狀態為下列其中之一：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:86 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:123 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:209 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:76 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "0" msgstr "0" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "8" msgstr "8" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "16" msgstr "16" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:98 msgid "*fsck*(8), *mkfs*(8), *reboot*(8)" msgstr "*fsck*(8), *mkfs*(8), *reboot*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "mkswap(8)" msgstr "mkswap(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:18 msgid "mkswap - set up a Linux swap area" msgstr "mkswap - 設定 Linux 的 swap（交換）空間" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:22 msgid "*mkswap* [options] _device_ [_blocks_]" msgstr "*mkswap* [options] _device_ [_blocks_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:24 msgid "*mkswap* [options] --size _size_ --file _file_" msgstr "*mkswap* [options] --size _size_ --file _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:28 msgid "*mkswap* sets up a Linux swap area on a device or in a file." msgstr "*mkswap* 會在裝置上或檔案內設定 Linux swap 區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:30 msgid "The _device_ argument will usually be a disk partition (something like _/dev/sdb7_) but can also be a file. The Linux kernel does not look at partition IDs, but many installation scripts will assume that partitions of hex type 82 (LINUX_SWAP) are meant to be swap partitions. (*Warning: Solaris also uses this type. Be careful not to kill your Solaris partitions.*)" msgstr "_device_（裝置）引數通常是磁碟分割區（像是 _/dev/sdb7_），但也可以是檔案。Linux 核心不會看分割區 ID，但許多安裝腳本會假設十六進位類型 82 (LINUX_SWAP) 的分割區是要當作 swap 分割區。（*警告：Solaris 也使用這種類型。請小心不要損毀你的 Solaris 分割區。*）" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:32 msgid "The _blocks_ parameter is superfluous but retained for backwards compatibility. (It specifies the desired size of the swap area in 1024-byte blocks. *mkswap* will use the entire partition or file if it is omitted. Specifying it is unwise - a typo may destroy your disk.)" msgstr "_blocks_（區塊）參數是多餘的，但為了向後相容而保留。（它指定想要的 swap 區大小，以 1024 位元組的區塊為單位。若省略，*mkswap* 會使用整個分割區或檔案。指定它是個不明智的做法——打錯字可能會毀掉你的磁碟。）" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:34 msgid "After creating the swap area, you need the *swapon*(8) command to start using it. Usually swap areas are listed in _/etc/fstab_ so that they can be taken into use at boot time by a *swapon -a* command in some boot script." msgstr "建立 swap 區之後，你需要 *swapon*(8) 命令才能開始使用它。通常 swap 區會列在 _/etc/fstab_ 中，以便在某個開機腳本中透過 *swapon -a* 命令於開機時啟用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:38 msgid "The swap header does not touch the first block. A boot loader or disk label can be there, but it is not a recommended setup. The recommended setup is to use a separate partition for a Linux swap area." msgstr "swap 標頭不會碰觸第一個區塊。開機載入程式或磁碟標籤可以放在那裡，但這不是建議的設定。建議的設定是為 Linux swap 區使用獨立的分割區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:40 msgid "*mkswap*, like many others mkfs-like utils, *erases the first partition block to make any previous filesystem invisible.*" msgstr "*mkswap* 和許多其他類似 mkfs 的工具一樣，*會清除第一個分割區區塊，使先前存在的任何檔案系統都不可見。*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:42 msgid "However, *mkswap* refuses to erase the first block on a device with a disk label (SUN, BSD, ...)." msgstr "不過，*mkswap* 會拒絕清除帶有磁碟標籤（SUN、BSD 等）之裝置上的第一個區塊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:47 msgid "Check the device (if it is a block device) for bad blocks before creating the swap area. If any bad blocks are found, the count is printed." msgstr "在建立 swap 區之前，先檢查裝置（如果是區塊裝置）是否有壞區塊。若有找到任何壞區塊，會印出數量。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--file*" msgstr "*-F*, *--file*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:50 msgid "Create a swap file with the appropriate file permissions and populated blocks on disk." msgstr "建立一個 swap 檔，套用適當的檔案權限，並在磁碟上填入資料區塊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:53 msgid "Go ahead even if the command is stupid. This allows the creation of a swap area larger than the file or partition it resides on." msgstr "即使命令很愚蠢也要繼續執行。這允許建立的 swap 區大於它所處的檔案或分割區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:55 msgid "Also, without this option, *mkswap* will refuse to erase the first block on a device with a partition table." msgstr "此外，沒有此選項時，*mkswap* 會拒絕清除帶有分割表之裝置上的第一個區塊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:56 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:221 #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:47 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:94 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:61 ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:63 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:83 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:28 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:100 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:118 #, no-wrap msgid "*-q*, *--quiet*" msgstr "*-q*, *--quiet*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:58 msgid "Suppress output and warning messages." msgstr "抑制輸出和警告訊息。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:59 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:33 #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:76 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:369 #, no-wrap msgid "*-L*, *--label* _label_" msgstr "*-L*, *--label* _label_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:61 msgid "Specify a _label_ for the device, to allow *swapon*(8) by label." msgstr "為裝置指定 _label_（標籤），以允許 *swapon*(8) 依標籤啟用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pagesize* _size_" msgstr "*-p*, *--pagesize* _size_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:72 msgid "Specify the page _size_ (in bytes) to use. This option is usually unnecessary; *mkswap* reads the size from the kernel." msgstr "指定要使用的頁面 _size_（大小）（以位元組為單位）。這個選項通常不需要；*mkswap* 會從核心讀取大小。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:73 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-U*, *--uuid* _UUID_" msgstr "*-U*, *--uuid* _UUID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:77 msgid "Specify the _UUID_ to use. The default is to generate a UUID. The format of the UUID is a series of hex digits separated by hyphens, like this: \"c1b9d5a2-f162-11cf-9ece-0020afc76f16\". The UUID parameter may also be one of the following:" msgstr "指定要使用的 _UUID_。預設是產生一個 UUID。UUID 的格式是以連字號分隔的一串十六進位數字，像這樣：\"c1b9d5a2-f162-11cf-9ece-0020afc76f16\"。UUID 參數也可以是下列其中之一：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:78 #, no-wrap msgid "*clear*" msgstr "*clear*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:80 msgid "clear the filesystem UUID" msgstr "清除檔案系統的 UUID" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*random*" msgstr "*random*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:82 msgid "generate a new randomly-generated UUID" msgstr "產生一個新的隨機產生的 UUID" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:82 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:169 #, no-wrap msgid "*time*" msgstr "*time*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:84 msgid "generate a new time-based UUID" msgstr "產生一個新的以時間為基礎的 UUID" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--endianness* _ENDIANNESS_" msgstr "*-e*, *--endianness* _ENDIANNESS_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:87 msgid "Specify the _ENDIANNESS_ to use, valid arguments are *native*, *little* or *big*. The default is *native*." msgstr "指定要使用的 _ENDIANNESS_（位元組順序），有效引數為 *native*、*little* 或 *big*。預設為 *native*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:88 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:34 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:75 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:36 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:71 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--offset* _offset_" msgstr "*-o*, *--offset* _offset_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:90 msgid "Specify the _offset_ to write the swap area to." msgstr "指定要寫入 swap 區的 _offset_（偏移量）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:91 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--size* _size_" msgstr "*-s*, *--size* _size_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:93 msgid "Specify the size of the created swap file in bytes and may be followed by a multiplicative suffix: KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\"). If the file exists and is larger than _size_, it will be truncated to this size. This option only makes sense when used with *--file*." msgstr "指定建立的 swap 檔大小，以位元組為單位，後面可以接一個乘數後綴：KiB (=1024)、MiB (=1024*1024)，依此類推到 GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 和 YiB（\"iB\" 可以省略，例如 \"K\" 與 \"KiB\" 的意義相同）。如果檔案已存在且大於 _size_，它會被截斷到這個大小。此選項只有在與 *--file* 一起使用時才有意義。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--swapversion 1*" msgstr "*-v*, *--swapversion 1*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:96 msgid "Specify the swap-space version. (This option is currently pointless, as the old *-v 0* option has become obsolete and now only *-v 1* is supported. The kernel has not supported v0 swap-space format since 2.5.22 (June 2002). The new version v1 is supported since 2.1.117 (August 1998).)" msgstr "指定 swap 空間的版本。（這個選項目前沒有意義，因為舊的 *-v 0* 選項已經過時，現在只支援 *-v 1*。核心自 2.5.22（2002 年 6 月）起就不再支援 v0 的 swap 空間格式。新版本 v1 自 2.1.117（1998 年 8 月）起獲得支援。）" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:97 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:194 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:90 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:96 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*--verbose*" msgstr "*--verbose*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:99 msgid "Verbose execution. With this option *mkswap* will output more details about detected problems during swap area set up." msgstr "詳細執行。使用此選項時，*mkswap* 會在設定 swap 區期間輸出關於偵測到之問題的更多細節。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:104 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:105 #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:43 ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:70 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all" msgstr "LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:113 msgid "The maximum useful size of a swap area depends on the architecture and the kernel version." msgstr "swap 區的最大實用大小取決於系統架構和核心版本。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:115 msgid "The maximum number of the pages that is possible to address by swap area header is 4294967295 (32-bit unsigned int). The remaining space on the swap device is ignored." msgstr "swap 區標頭所能定址的頁面數量上限是 4294967295（32 位元無號整數）。swap 裝置上的其餘空間會被忽略。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:117 msgid "Presently, Linux allows 32 swap areas. The areas in use can be seen in the file _/proc/swaps_." msgstr "目前，Linux 允許 32 個 swap 區。使用中的 swap 區可以在 _/proc/swaps_ 檔案中看到。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:119 msgid "*mkswap* refuses areas smaller than 10 pages." msgstr "*mkswap* 會拒絕小於 10 個頁面的 swap 區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:121 msgid "If you don't know the page size that your machine uses, you can look it up with *getconf PAGESIZE*." msgstr "如果你不知道你的機器使用多大的頁面，可以用 *getconf PAGESIZE* 查詢。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:123 msgid "Aside from *mkswap --file*, it is also possible to create the swapfile manually before initializing it with *mkswap*, e.g. using a command like" msgstr "除了 *mkswap --file* 之外，也可以先手動建立 swap 檔，再以 *mkswap* 初始化，例如使用類似下列的命令：" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:125 msgid "Since version 2.41, *mkswap --file* sets the nocow attribute for newly created files to support swapfiles on Btrfs." msgstr "自版本 2.41 起，*mkswap --file* 會為新建立的檔案設定 nocow 屬性，以支援 Btrfs 上的 swap 檔。" #. type: delimited block . #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:128 #, no-wrap msgid "# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1MiB count=$((8*1024))\n" msgstr "# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1MiB count=$((8*1024))\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:131 msgid "to create 8GiB swapfile." msgstr "以建立 8GiB 的 swap 檔。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:133 msgid "In such a case, please read notes from *swapon*(8) about *the swap file use restrictions* (holes, preallocation and copy-on-write issues)." msgstr "在這種情況下，請閱讀 *swapon*(8) 中關於 *swap 檔使用限制*（洞、預先分配與寫入時複製等問題）的附註。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:138 msgid "*fdisk*(8), *swapon*(8)" msgstr "*fdisk*(8), *swapon*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:11 #, no-wrap msgid "partx(8)" msgstr "partx(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:21 msgid "partx - tell the kernel about the presence and numbering of on-disk partitions" msgstr "partx - 告知核心磁碟上分割區的存在與編號" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:25 msgid "*partx* [*-a*|*-d*|*-P*|*-r*|*-s*|*-u*] [*-t* _type_] [*-n* _M_:_N_] [-] _disk_" msgstr "*partx* [*-a*|*-d*|*-P*|*-r*|*-s*|*-u*] [*-t* _type_] [*-n* _M_:_N_] [-] _disk_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:27 msgid "*partx* [*-a*|*-d*|*-P*|*-r*|*-s*|*-u*] [*-t* _type_] _partition_ [_disk_]" msgstr "*partx* [*-a*|*-d*|*-P*|*-r*|*-s*|*-u*] [*-t* _type_] _partition_ [_disk_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:31 msgid "Given a device or disk-image, *partx* tries to parse the partition table and list its contents. It can also tell the kernel to add or remove partitions from its bookkeeping." msgstr "給定一個裝置或磁碟映像檔，*partx* 會嘗試解析分割表並列出其內容。它也可以告知核心在其紀錄中新增或移除分割區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:33 msgid "The _disk_ argument is optional when a _partition_ argument is provided. To force scanning a partition as if it were a whole disk (for example to list nested subpartitions), use the argument \"-\" (hyphen-minus). For example:" msgstr "當提供了 _partition_（分割區）引數時，_disk_（磁碟）引數便可省略。若要強制把某個分割區當作整顆磁碟來掃描（例如列出巢狀的子分割區），請使用 \"-\"（連字號減號）引數。例如：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:36 msgid "partx --show - /dev/sda3" msgstr "partx --show - /dev/sda3" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:39 msgid "This will see sda3 as a whole-disk rather than as a partition." msgstr "這會把 sda3 視為整顆磁碟，而不是一個分割區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:41 msgid "*partx is not an fdisk program* - adding and removing partitions does not change the disk, it just tells the kernel about the presence and numbering of on-disk partitions." msgstr "*partx 不是 fdisk 程式*——新增和移除分割區不會改變磁碟，它只是告訴核心磁碟上分割區的存在與編號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--add*" msgstr "*-a*, *--add*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:46 msgid "Add the specified partitions, or read the disk and add all partitions." msgstr "新增指定的分割區，或讀取磁碟並新增全部分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:47 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:40 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:43 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:42 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:37 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:71 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:83 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:70 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--bytes*" msgstr "*-b*, *--bytes*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--delete*" msgstr "*-d*, *--delete*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:52 msgid "Delete the specified partitions or all partitions. It is not error to remove non-existing partitions, so this option is possible to use together with large *--nr* ranges without care about the current partitions set on the device." msgstr "刪除指定的分割區或所有分割區。移除不存在的分割區不會是錯誤，所以此選項可以搭配很大的 *--nr* 範圍使用，而不必在意裝置上目前的分割區集合。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--noheadings*" msgstr "*-g*, *--noheadings*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:55 msgid "Do not print a header line with *--show* or *--raw*." msgstr "搭配 *--show* 或 *--raw* 時不要列印標頭列。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:58 msgid "List the partitions. Note that all numbers are in 512-byte sectors. This output format is DEPRECATED in favour of *--show*. Do not use it in newly written scripts." msgstr "列出分割區。請注意所有數字都以 512 位元組的磁區為單位。此輸出格式已過時，建議改用 *--show*。不要在新寫的腳本中使用它。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--nr* __M__**:**_N_" msgstr "*-n*, *--nr* __M__**:**_N_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:61 msgid "Specify the range of partitions. For backward compatibility also the format __M__**-**_N_ is supported. The range may contain negative numbers, for example *--nr -1:-1* means the last partition, and *--nr -2:-1* means the last two partitions. Supported range specifications are:" msgstr "指定分割區的範圍。為了向後相容，也支援 __M__**-**_N_ 格式。範圍可以包含負數，例如 *--nr -1:-1* 表示最後一個分割區，而 *--nr -2:-1* 表示最後兩個分割區。支援的範圍規格有：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "_M_" msgstr "_M_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:64 msgid "Specifies just one partition (e.g. *--nr 3*)." msgstr "只指定一個分割區（例如 *--nr 3*）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "__M__**:**" msgstr "__M__**:**" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:66 msgid "Specifies the lower limit only (e.g. *--nr 2:*)." msgstr "只指定下限（例如 *--nr 2:*）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "**:**__N__" msgstr "**:**__N__" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:68 msgid "Specifies the upper limit only (e.g. *--nr :4*)." msgstr "只指定上限（例如 *--nr :4*）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "__M__**:**_N_" msgstr "__M__**:**_N_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:70 msgid "Specifies the lower and upper limits (e.g. *--nr 2:4*)." msgstr "指定下限和上限（例如 *--nr 2:4*）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:73 msgid "Define the output columns to use for *--show*, *--pairs* and *--raw* output. If no output arrangement is specified, then a default set is used. Use *--help* to get _list_ of all supported columns. This option cannot be combined with the *--add*, *--delete*, *--update* or *--list* options." msgstr "定義用於 *--show*、*--pairs* 和 *--raw* 輸出的輸出欄位。若未指定輸出的排列方式，則會使用一組預設欄位。使用 *--help* 可以取得所有支援欄位的 _list_（清單）。此選項不能與 *--add*、*--delete*、*--update* 或 *--list* 選項結合使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:74 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:75 #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:122 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:43 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:59 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:112 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:84 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:82 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:55 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:37 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:75 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*--output-all*" msgstr "*--output-all*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:76 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:55 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:102 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:61 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:114 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:84 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:57 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:39 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:77 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:64 msgid "Output all available columns." msgstr "輸出所有可用的欄位。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:77 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:125 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:103 ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:41 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--pairs*" msgstr "*-P*, *--pairs*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:79 msgid "List the partitions using the KEY=\"value\" format." msgstr "使用 KEY=\"value\" 格式列出分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:80 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:85 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:60 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:56 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:159 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:159 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:46 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:75 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:62 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:115 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:98 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:86 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:88 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:75 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:40 ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--raw*" msgstr "*-r*, *--raw*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:82 msgid "List the partitions using the raw output format." msgstr "使用原始輸出格式列出分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--show*" msgstr "*-s*, *--show*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:85 msgid "List the partitions. The output columns can be selected and rearranged with the *--output* option. All numbers (except SIZE) are in 512-byte sectors." msgstr "列出分割區。輸出欄位可以用 *--output* 選項選取和重新排列。所有數字（除了 SIZE）都以 512 位元組的磁區為單位。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:88 msgid "Specify the partition table type." msgstr "指定分割表類型。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*--list-types*" msgstr "*--list-types*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:91 msgid "List supported partition types and exit." msgstr "列出支援的分割區類型然後結束。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--update*" msgstr "*-u*, *--update*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:94 msgid "Update the specified partitions." msgstr "更新指定的分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--sector-size* _size_" msgstr "*-S*, *--sector-size* _size_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:97 msgid "Overwrite default sector size." msgstr "覆寫預設磁區大小。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:100 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:60 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:114 msgid "Verbose mode." msgstr "詳細模式。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:108 ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:209 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:84 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:169 #: ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:37 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:80 #: ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:111 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:69 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:96 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:198 #, no-wrap msgid "EXAMPLE" msgstr "範例" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "partx --show /dev/sdb3" msgstr "partx --show /dev/sdb3" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:111 #, no-wrap msgid "partx --show --nr 3 /dev/sdb" msgstr "partx --show --nr 3 /dev/sdb" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "partx --show /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb" msgstr "partx --show /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:114 msgid "All three commands list partition 3 of _/dev/sdb_." msgstr "這三個命令都會列出 _/dev/sdb_ 的分割區 3。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:115 #, no-wrap msgid "partx --show - /dev/sdb3" msgstr "partx --show - /dev/sdb3" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:117 msgid "Lists all subpartitions on _/dev/sdb3_ (the device is used as whole-disk)." msgstr "列出 _/dev/sdb3_ 上的所有子分割區（該裝置被當作整顆磁碟使用）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:118 #, no-wrap msgid "partx -o START -g --nr 5 /dev/sdb" msgstr "partx -o START -g --nr 5 /dev/sdb" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:120 msgid "Prints the start sector of partition 5 on _/dev/sdb_ without header." msgstr "以不帶標頭的方式印出 _/dev/sdb_ 上分割區 5 的起始磁區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:121 #, no-wrap msgid "partx -o SECTORS,SIZE /dev/sda5 /dev/sda" msgstr "partx -o SECTORS,SIZE /dev/sda5 /dev/sda" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:123 msgid "Lists the length in sectors and human-readable size of partition 5 on _/dev/sda_." msgstr "列出 _/dev/sda_ 上分割區 5 的磁區數長度與人類可讀的大小。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:124 #, no-wrap msgid "partx --add --nr 3:5 /dev/sdd" msgstr "partx --add --nr 3:5 /dev/sdd" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:126 msgid "Adds all available partitions from 3 to 5 (inclusive) on _/dev/sdd_." msgstr "新增 _/dev/sdd_ 上從 3 到 5（含）的所有可用分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "partx -d --nr -1: /dev/sdd" msgstr "partx -d --nr -1: /dev/sdd" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:129 msgid "Removes the last partition on _/dev/sdd_." msgstr "移除 _/dev/sdd_ 上最後一個分割區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:134 msgid "mailto:dave@gnu.org[Davidlohr Bueso], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:dave@gnu.org[Davidlohr Bueso], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:136 msgid "The original version was written by mailto:aeb@cwi.nl[Andries E. Brouwer]" msgstr "原始版本由 mailto:aeb@cwi.nl[Andries E. Brouwer] 撰寫" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:144 msgid "*addpart*(8), *delpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8)" msgstr "*addpart*(8), *delpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "raw(8)" msgstr "raw(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:12 msgid "raw - bind a Linux raw character device" msgstr "raw - 綁定 Linux 原始字元裝置" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:16 msgid "*raw* _/dev/raw/raw_ __ __" msgstr "*raw* _/dev/raw/raw_ __ __" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:18 msgid "*raw* _/dev/raw/raw_ _/dev/_" msgstr "*raw* _/dev/raw/raw_ _/dev/_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:20 msgid "*raw* *-q* _/dev/raw/raw_" msgstr "*raw* *-q* _/dev/raw/raw_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:22 msgid "*raw* *-qa*" msgstr "*raw* *-qa*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:26 msgid "*raw* is used to bind a Linux raw character device to a block device. Any block device may be used: at the time of binding, the device driver does not even have to be accessible (it may be loaded on demand as a kernel module later)." msgstr "*raw* 用來把 Linux 原始字元裝置綁定到區塊裝置。任何區塊裝置都可以使用：在綁定時，裝置驅動程式甚至不需要可以存取（之後可能以核心模組的方式按需載入）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:28 msgid "*raw* is used in two modes: it either sets raw device bindings, or it queries existing bindings. When setting a raw device, _/dev/raw/raw_ is the device name of an existing raw device node in the filesystem. The block device to which it is to be bound can be specified either in terms of its _major_ and _minor_ device numbers, or as a path name _/dev/_ to an existing block device file." msgstr "*raw* 有兩種使用模式：設定原始裝置的綁定，或查詢現有的綁定。設定原始裝置時，_/dev/raw/raw_ 是檔案系統中既有的原始裝置節點之裝置名稱。要綁定的區塊裝置可以用它的 _major_ 和 _minor_ 裝置編號來指定，或是以既有區塊裝置檔的路徑名稱 _/dev/_ 來指定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:30 msgid "The bindings already in existence can be queried with the *-q* option, which is used either with a raw device filename to query that one device, or with the *-a* option to query all bound raw devices." msgstr "既有的綁定可以用 *-q* 選項來查詢，它可以搭配原始裝置的檔名查詢單一裝置，或搭配 *-a* 選項查詢所有已綁定的原始裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:32 msgid "Unbinding can be done by specifying major and minor 0." msgstr "解除綁定可以藉由指定 major 和 minor 為 0 來完成。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:34 msgid "Once bound to a block device, a raw device can be opened, read and written, just like the block device it is bound to. However, the raw device does not behave exactly like the block device. In particular, access to the raw device bypasses the kernel's block buffer cache entirely: all I/O is done directly to and from the address space of the process performing the I/O. If the underlying block device driver can support DMA, then no data copying at all is required to complete the I/O." msgstr "一旦綁定到區塊裝置，原始裝置就可以像它所綁定的區塊裝置一樣被打開、讀取和寫入。不過，原始裝置的行為並不完全等同於區塊裝置。特別是，對原始裝置的存取會完全繞過核心的區塊緩衝區快取：所有 I/O 都直接在執行該 I/O 的處理程序之位址空間之間進行。如果底層區塊裝置驅動程式支援 DMA，那麼完成這個 I/O 完全不需要複製資料。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:36 msgid "Because raw I/O involves direct hardware access to a process's memory, a few extra restrictions must be observed. All I/Os must be correctly aligned in memory and on disk: they must start at a sector offset on disk, they must be an exact number of sectors long, and the data buffer in virtual memory must also be aligned to a multiple of the sector size. The sector size is 512 bytes for most devices." msgstr "由於原始 I/O 涉及對處理程序記憶體的直接硬體存取，因此必須遵守一些額外限制。所有 I/O 都必須在記憶體和磁碟上正確對齊：它們必須從磁碟上的磁區偏移開始，長度必須是磁區的整數倍，而虛擬記憶體中的資料緩衝區也必須對齊到磁區大小的倍數。對大多數裝置而言磁區大小是 512 位元組。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "*-q*, *--query*" msgstr "*-q*, *--query*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:41 msgid "Set query mode. *raw* will query an existing binding instead of setting a new one." msgstr "設定查詢模式。*raw* 會查詢既有的綁定，而不是設定新的綁定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:42 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:84 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:39 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:40 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:43 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:56 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:37 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:67 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:309 #: ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:27 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:31 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--all*" msgstr "*-a*, *--all*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:44 msgid "With *-q*, specify that all bound raw devices should be queried." msgstr "搭配 *-q* 使用，指定應該查詢所有已綁定的原始裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:50 msgid "Rather than using raw devices applications should prefer *open*(2) devices, such as _/dev/sda1_, with the *O_DIRECT* flag." msgstr "與其使用原始裝置，應用程式比較建議優先使用帶有 *O_DIRECT* 旗標的 *open*(2) 裝置，例如 _/dev/sda1_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:54 msgid "The Linux *dd*(1) command should be used without the *bs=* option, or the blocksize needs to be a multiple of the sector size of the device (512 bytes usually), otherwise it will fail with \"Invalid Argument\" messages (*EINVAL*)." msgstr "Linux 的 *dd*(1) 命令應在未使用 *bs=* 選項的情況下執行，或區塊大小必須是裝置磁區大小（通常為 512 位元組）的倍數，否則它會以 \"Invalid Argument\"（無效引數）訊息失敗（*EINVAL*）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:56 msgid "Raw I/O devices do not maintain cache coherency with the Linux block device buffer cache. If you use raw I/O to overwrite data already in the buffer cache, the buffer cache will no longer correspond to the contents of the actual storage device underneath. This is deliberate, but is regarded as either a bug or a feature, depending on who you ask!" msgstr "原始 I/O 裝置不會與 Linux 區塊裝置緩衝區快取維持快取一致性。如果你用原始 I/O 覆寫已在緩衝區快取中的資料，緩衝區快取將不再對應到底層實際儲存裝置的內容。這是刻意設計的，但依你問誰而定，會被視為臭蟲或功能！" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:60 msgid "mailto:sct@redhat.com[Stephen Tweedie]" msgstr "mailto:sct@redhat.com[Stephen Tweedie]" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "resizepart(8)" msgstr "resizepart(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:20 msgid "resizepart - tell the kernel about the new size of a partition" msgstr "resizepart - 告知核心分割區的新大小" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:24 msgid "*resizepart* _device partition length_" msgstr "*resizepart* _device partition length_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:28 msgid "*resizepart* tells the Linux kernel about the new size of the specified partition. The command is a simple wrapper around the \"resize partition\" ioctl." msgstr "*resizepart* 告知 Linux 核心指定分割區的新大小。這個命令是對 \"resize partition\"（調整分割區大小）ioctl 的簡單包裝。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:41 msgid "The new length of the partition (in 512-byte sectors)." msgstr "分割區的新長度（以 512 位元組的磁區為單位）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:52 msgid "*addpart*(8), *delpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" msgstr "*addpart*(8), *delpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:17 #, no-wrap msgid "sfdisk(8)" msgstr "sfdisk(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:30 msgid "sfdisk - display or manipulate a disk partition table" msgstr "sfdisk - 顯示或操作磁碟分割表" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:34 msgid "*sfdisk* [options] _device_ [*-N* _partition-number_]" msgstr "*sfdisk* [options] _device_ [*-N* _partition-number_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:36 msgid "*sfdisk* [options] _command_" msgstr "*sfdisk* [options] _command_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:40 msgid "*sfdisk* is a script-oriented tool for partitioning any block device. It runs in interactive mode if executed on a terminal (stdin refers to a terminal)." msgstr "*sfdisk* 是以腳本為導向的工具，用於分割任何區塊裝置。如果在終端機上執行（stdin 指向終端機），它會以互動模式執行。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:42 msgid "Since version 2.26 *sfdisk* supports MBR (DOS), GPT, SUN and SGI disk labels, but no longer provides any functionality for CHS (Cylinder-Head-Sector) addressing. CHS has never been important for Linux, and this addressing concept does not make any sense for new devices." msgstr "自版本 2.26 起，*sfdisk* 支援 MBR (DOS)、GPT、SUN 和 SGI 磁碟標籤，但不再提供任何 CHS（磁柱-磁頭-磁區）定址功能。CHS 對 Linux 而言從來就不重要，而且這種定址概念對新裝置來說沒有意義。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:44 msgid "*sfdisk* protects the first disk sector when create a new disk label. The option *--wipe always* disables this protection. Note that *fdisk*(8) and *cfdisk*(8) completely erase this area by default." msgstr "*sfdisk* 在建立新的磁碟標籤時會保護第一個磁碟磁區。*--wipe always* 選項會停用這個保護。請注意 *fdisk*(8) 和 *cfdisk*(8) 預設會完全清除這個區域。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:46 msgid "*sfdisk* (since version 2.26) *aligns the start and end of partitions* to block-device I/O limits when relative sizes are specified, when the default values are used or when multiplicative suffixes (e.g., MiB) are used for sizes. It is possible that partition size will be optimized (reduced or enlarged) due to alignment if the start offset is specified exactly in sectors and partition size relative or by multiplicative suffixes." msgstr "*sfdisk*（自版本 2.26 起）會在指定相對大小、使用預設值或使用乘數後綴（例如 MiB）表示大小時，*將分割區的起點和終點對齊*到區塊裝置的 I/O 限制。如果起始偏移以磁區精確指定，而分割區大小以相對值或乘數後綴指定，分割區大小有可能因對齊而被最佳化（縮小或放大）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:48 msgid "The recommended way is not to specify start offsets at all and specify partition size in MiB, GiB (or so). In this case *sfdisk* aligns all partitions to block-device I/O limits (or when I/O limits are too small then to megabyte boundary to keep disk layout portable). If this default behaviour is unwanted (usually for very small partitions) then specify offsets and sizes in sectors. In this case *sfdisk* entirely follows specified numbers without any optimization." msgstr "建議的做法是完全不要指定起始偏移，並以 MiB、GiB（或類似單位）指定分割區大小。這樣 *sfdisk* 會把所有分割區對齊到區塊裝置的 I/O 限制（或當 I/O 限制太小時，對齊到 MB 邊界以保持磁碟配置的可攜性）。如果不想要這個預設行為（通常用於非常小的分割區），就以磁區指定偏移和大小。這樣 *sfdisk* 會完全按照指定的數值，不做任何最佳化。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:50 msgid "*sfdisk* does not create the standard system partitions for SGI and SUN disk labels like *fdisk*(8) does. It is necessary to explicitly create all partitions including whole-disk system partitions." msgstr "*sfdisk* 不會像 *fdisk*(8) 那樣為 SGI 和 SUN 磁碟標籤建立標準系統分割區。必須明確建立所有分割區，包括整顆磁碟的系統分割區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:52 msgid "*sfdisk* uses *BLKRRPART* (reread partition table) ioctl to make sure that the device is not used by system or other tools (see also *--no-reread*). It's possible that this feature or another *sfdisk* activity races with *systemd-udevd*(8). The recommended way how to avoid possible collisions is to use *--lock* option. The exclusive lock will cause *systemd-udevd* to skip the event handling on the device." msgstr "*sfdisk* 使用 *BLKRRPART*（重讀分割表）ioctl 來確保裝置沒有被系統或其他工具使用（另請參閱 *--no-reread*）。這個功能或其他 *sfdisk* 活動有可能與 *systemd-udevd*(8) 發生競態。避免可能衝突的建議方式是使用 *--lock* 選項。互斥鎖會讓 *systemd-udevd* 跳過該裝置的事件處理。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:54 msgid "The *sfdisk* prompt is only a hint for users and a displayed partition number does not mean that the same partition table entry will be created (if *-N* not specified), especially for tables with gaps." msgstr "*sfdisk* 的提示符只是給使用者的提示，顯示的分割區編號並不表示會建立相同的分割表條目（如果未指定 *-N*），特別是對於帶有空隙的分割表。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:58 msgid "The commands are mutually exclusive." msgstr "這些命令彼此互斥。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "[*-N*, *--partno* _partition-number_] __device__" msgstr "[*-N*, *--partno* _partition-number_] __device__" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:61 msgid "The default *sfdisk* command is to read the specification for the desired partitioning of _device_ from standard input, and then create a partition table according to the specification. See below for the description of the input format. If standard input is a terminal, then *sfdisk* starts an interactive session." msgstr "*sfdisk* 的預設命令是從標準輸入讀取 _device_ 想要的分割規格，然後依此規格建立分割表。輸入格式的說明請見下文。如果標準輸入是終端機，*sfdisk* 會啟動一個互動式工作階段。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:63 msgid "If the option *-N* or *--partno* is specified, then the changes are applied to the partition addressed by _partition-number_. The unspecified fields of the partition are not modified." msgstr "如果指定了 *-N* 或 *--partno* 選項，變更會套用到位址為 _partition-number_（分割區編號）的分割區。未指定的分割區欄位不會被修改。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:65 msgid "Note that it's possible to address an unused partition with *-N*. For example, an MBR always contains 4 partitions, but the number of used partitions may be smaller. In this case *sfdisk* follows the default values from the partition table and does not use built-in defaults for the unused partition given with *-N*. See also *--append*." msgstr "請注意有可能用 *-N* 指定一個未使用的分割區。例如，MBR 一定包含 4 個分割區，但使用中的分割區數量可能較少。在這種情況下，*sfdisk* 會遵循分割表的預設值，而不會為經由 *-N* 指定的未使用分割區使用內建的預設值。另請參閱 *--append*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-A*, *--activate* __device__ [__partition-number__...]" msgstr "*-A*, *--activate* __device__ [__partition-number__...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:68 msgid "Switch on the bootable flag for the specified partitions and switch off the bootable flag on all unspecified partitions. The special placeholder '-' may be used instead of the partition numbers to switch off the bootable flag on all partitions." msgstr "為指定的分割區開啟可開機旗標，並在所有未指定的分割區上關閉可開機旗標。特殊佔位符 '-' 可以用來代替分割區編號，以關閉所有分割區上的可開機旗標。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:70 msgid "The activation command is supported for MBR and PMBR only. If a GPT label is detected, then *sfdisk* prints warning and automatically enters PMBR." msgstr "啟用作業命令只支援 MBR 和 PMBR。如果偵測到 GPT 標籤，*sfdisk* 會印出警告並自動進入 PMBR。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:72 msgid "If no _partition-number_ is specified, then list the partitions with an enabled flag." msgstr "如果未指定 _partition-number_（分割區編號），則列出帶有已啟用旗標的分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*--backup-pt-sectors* _device_" msgstr "*--backup-pt-sectors* _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:75 msgid "Back up the current partition table sectors in binary format and exit. See the *BACKING UP THE PARTITION TABLE* section." msgstr "以二進位格式備份目前的分割表磁區然後結束。請參閱「*備份分割表*」一節。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*--delete* _device_ [__partition-number__...]" msgstr "*--delete* _device_ [__partition-number__...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:78 msgid "Delete all or the specified partitions." msgstr "刪除全部分割區或指定的分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dump* _device_" msgstr "*-d*, *--dump* _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:81 msgid "Dump the partitions of a device in a format that is usable as input to *sfdisk*. See the *BACKING UP THE PARTITION TABLE* section." msgstr "以可作為 *sfdisk* 輸入的格式傾印裝置的分割區。請參閱「*備份分割表*」一節。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--show-geometry* [__device__...]" msgstr "*-g*, *--show-geometry* [__device__...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:84 msgid "List the geometry of all or the specified devices. For backward compatibility the deprecated option *--show-pt-geometry* have the same meaning as this one." msgstr "列出所有或指定裝置的幾何參數。為了向後相容，已過時的 *--show-pt-geometry* 選項與此選項意義相同。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-J*, *--json* _device_" msgstr "*-J*, *--json* _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:87 msgid "Dump the partitions of a device in JSON format. Note that *sfdisk* is not able to use JSON as input format." msgstr "以 JSON 格式傾印裝置的分割區。請注意 *sfdisk* 無法使用 JSON 作為輸入格式。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list* [__device__...]" msgstr "*-l*, *--list* [__device__...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:90 msgid "List the partitions of all or the specified devices. This command can be used together with *--verify*." msgstr "列出所有或指定裝置的分割區。此命令可以搭配 *--verify* 一起使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--list-free* [__device__...]" msgstr "*-F*, *--list-free* [__device__...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:93 msgid "List the free unpartitioned areas on all or the specified devices." msgstr "列出所有或指定裝置上未分割的可用區域。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "*--part-attrs* _device partition-number_ [__attributes__]" msgstr "*--part-attrs* _device partition-number_ [__attributes__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:96 msgid "Change the GPT partition attribute bits. If _attributes_ is not specified, then print the current partition settings. The _attributes_ argument is a comma- or space-delimited list of bits numbers or bit names. For example, the string \"RequiredPartition,50,51\" sets three bits. The currently supported attribute bits are:" msgstr "變更 GPT 分割區的屬性位元。如果未指定 _attributes_（屬性），則印出目前的分割區設定。_attributes_ 引數是以逗號或空格分隔的位元編號或位元名稱清單。例如，字串 \"RequiredPartition,50,51\" 會設定三個位元。目前支援的屬性位元有：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*Bit 0 (RequiredPartition)*" msgstr "*位元 0 (RequiredPartition)*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:99 msgid "If this bit is set, the partition is required for the platform to function. The creator of the partition indicates that deletion or modification of the contents can result in loss of platform features or failure for the platform to boot or operate. The system cannot function normally if this partition is removed, and it should be considered part of the hardware of the system." msgstr "如果這個位元被設定，表示平台運作需要這個分割區。分割區的建立者表示刪除或修改其內容可能導致平台功能喪失，或平台無法開機或運作。如果移除這個分割區，系統將無法正常運作，因此應把它視為系統硬體的一部分。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*Bit 1 (NoBlockIOProtocol)*" msgstr "*位元 1 (NoBlockIOProtocol)*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:101 msgid "EFI firmware should ignore the content of the partition and not try to read from it." msgstr "EFI 韌體應忽略分割區的內容，不要嘗試從中讀取。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "*Bit 2 (LegacyBIOSBootable)*" msgstr "*位元 2 (LegacyBIOSBootable)*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:103 msgid "The partition may be bootable by legacy BIOS firmware." msgstr "這個分割區可以讓傳統 BIOS 韌體開機。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*Bits 3-47*" msgstr "*位元 3-47*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:105 msgid "Undefined and must be zero. Reserved for expansion by future versions of the UEFI specification." msgstr "未定義且必須為零。保留給 UEFI 規格的未來版本擴充使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "*Bits 48-63*" msgstr "*位元 48-63*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:107 msgid "Reserved for GUID specific use. The use of these bits will vary depending on the partition type. For example Microsoft uses bit 60 to indicate read-only, 61 for shadow copy of another partition, 62 for hidden partitions and 63 to disable automount." msgstr "保留給 GUID 專用用途。這些位元的使用方式會依分割區類型而異。例如 Microsoft 使用位元 60 表示唯讀、位元 61 表示另一個分割區的影子複本、位元 62 表示隱藏的分割區，位元 63 用來停用自動掛載。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "*--part-label* _device partition-number_ [__label__]" msgstr "*--part-label* _device partition-number_ [__label__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:110 msgid "Change the GPT partition name (label). If _label_ is not specified, then print the current partition label." msgstr "變更 GPT 分割區名稱（標籤）。如果未指定 _label_（標籤），則印出目前的分割區標籤。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:111 #, no-wrap msgid "*--part-type* _device partition-number_ [__type__]" msgstr "*--part-type* _device partition-number_ [__type__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:113 msgid "Change the partition type. If _type_ is not specified, then print the current partition type." msgstr "變更分割區類型。如果未指定 _type_（類型），則印出目前的分割區類型。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:115 msgid "The _type_ argument is hexadecimal for MBR, GUID for GPT, type alias (e.g. \"linux\") or type shortcut (e.g. 'L'). For backward compatibility the options *-c* and *--id* have the same meaning as this one." msgstr "_type_ 引數對 MBR 是十六進位、對 GPT 是 GUID、類型別名（例如 \"linux\"）或類型捷徑（例如 'L'）。為了向後相容，*-c* 和 *--id* 選項與此選項意義相同。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "*--part-uuid* _device partition-number_ [__uuid__]" msgstr "*--part-uuid* _device partition-number_ [__uuid__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:118 msgid "Change the GPT partition UUID. If _uuid_ is not specified, then print the current partition UUID." msgstr "變更 GPT 分割區的 UUID。如果未指定 _uuid_，則印出目前的分割區 UUID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:119 #, no-wrap msgid "*--disk-id* _device_ [__id__]" msgstr "*--disk-id* _device_ [__id__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:121 msgid "Change the disk identifier. If _id_ is not specified, then print the current identifier. The identifier is UUID for GPT or unsigned integer for MBR." msgstr "變更磁碟識別碼。如果未指定 _id_，則印出目前的識別碼。這個識別碼對 GPT 是 UUID，對 MBR 是無號整數。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid "*--discard-free* _device_ " msgstr "*--discard-free* _device_ " #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:124 msgid "Discard any unused (unpartitioned) sectors on the device. Use the *--list-free* option to get a list of the free regions. See also *blkdiscard*(8)." msgstr "捨棄裝置上所有未使用（未分割）的磁區。使用 *--list-free* 選項取得可用區域的清單。另請參閱 *blkdiscard*(8)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:126 msgid "All data in the discarded regions on the device will be lost! Do not use this option if you are unsure." msgstr "裝置上被捨棄區域中的所有資料都會遺失！如果你不確定，就不要使用這個選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:128 msgid "Note that the 'T' command in *fdisk* provides a dialog to specify which unused area should be discarded. However, *sfdisk* always discards all unpartitioned regions (except for the areas where it is not possible to create partitions, such as the beginning of the device)." msgstr "請注意 *fdisk* 中的 'T' 命令會提供一個對話方塊，用來指定要捨棄哪個未使用區域。不過，*sfdisk* 一律會捨棄所有未分割的區域（除了無法建立分割區的區域，例如裝置的開頭）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:129 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--reorder* _device_" msgstr "*-r*, *--reorder* _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:131 msgid "Renumber the partitions, ordering them by their start offset." msgstr "重新編號分割區，並按其起始偏移排序。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:132 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--show-size* [__device__...]" msgstr "*-s*, *--show-size* [__device__...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:134 msgid "List the sizes of all or the specified devices in units of 1024 byte size. This command is DEPRECATED in favour of *blockdev*(8)." msgstr "以 1024 位元組大小為單位列出所有或指定裝置的大小。此命令已過時，建議改用 *blockdev*(8)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:135 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--list-types*" msgstr "*-T*, *--list-types*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:137 msgid "Print all supported types for the current disk label or the label specified by *--label*." msgstr "印出目前磁碟標籤或由 *--label* 指定標籤的所有支援類型。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:138 #, no-wrap msgid "*-V*, *--verify* [__device__...]" msgstr "*-V*, *--verify* [__device__...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:140 msgid "Test whether the partition table and partitions seem correct." msgstr "測試分割表和分割區是否看起來正確。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "*--relocate* _oper_ _device_" msgstr "*--relocate* _oper_ _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:143 msgid "Relocate partition table header. This command is currently supported for GPT header only. The argument _oper_ can be:" msgstr "重新定位分割表標頭。這個命令目前只支援 GPT 標頭。_oper_ 引數可以是：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:144 #, no-wrap msgid "*gpt-bak-std*" msgstr "*gpt-bak-std*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:146 msgid "Move GPT backup header to the standard location at the end of the device." msgstr "把 GPT 備份標頭移到裝置尾端的標準位置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:146 #, no-wrap msgid "*gpt-bak-mini*" msgstr "*gpt-bak-mini*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:148 msgid "Move GPT backup header behind the last partition. Note that UEFI standard requires the backup header at the end of the device and partitioning tools can automatically relocate the header to follow the standard." msgstr "把 GPT 備份標頭移到最後一個分割區之後。請注意 UEFI 標準要求備份標頭位於裝置尾端，分割工具可以自動重新定位標頭以遵循標準。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:151 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--append*" msgstr "*-a*, *--append*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:153 msgid "Don't create a new partition table, but only append the specified partitions." msgstr "不要建立新的分割表，只附加指定的分割區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:157 msgid "Note that in this case an unused partition may be re-used even though it is not the last partition in the partition table. See also *-N* for addressing a specific entry in the partition table." msgstr "請注意在這種情況下，未使用的分割區即使不是分割表中的最後一個分割區，也可能被重新使用。在分割表中指定特定條目的 *-N* 選項另請參閱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--backup*" msgstr "*-b*, *--backup*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:160 msgid "Back up the current partition table sectors before starting the partitioning. The default backup file name is _~/sfdisk--.bak_; to use another name see option *-O*, *--backup-file*. See section *BACKING UP THE PARTITION TABLE* for more details." msgstr "在開始分割之前備份目前的分割表磁區。預設備份檔名是 _~/sfdisk--.bak_；若要使用其他名稱，請參閱 *-O*、*--backup-file* 選項。詳情請參閱「*備份分割表*」一節。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:161 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "*--bytes*" msgstr "*--bytes*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:164 #, no-wrap msgid "*--color*[**=**__when__]" msgstr "*--color*[**=**__when__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:169 msgid "Disable all consistency checking." msgstr "停用所有一致性檢查。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "*--Linux*" msgstr "*--Linux*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:172 msgid "Deprecated and ignored option. Partitioning that is compatible with Linux (and other modern operating systems) is the default." msgstr "已過時且被忽略的選項。與 Linux（及其他現代作業系統）相容的分割方式是預設行為。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:181 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:37 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--no-act*" msgstr "*-n*, *--no-act*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:183 msgid "Do everything except writing to the device." msgstr "執行所有動作，但不寫入裝置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:184 #, no-wrap msgid "*--no-reread*" msgstr "*--no-reread*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:186 msgid "Do not check through the re-read-partition-table ioctl whether the device is in use." msgstr "不要透過 re-read-partition-table ioctl 檢查裝置是否在使用中。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:187 #, no-wrap msgid "*--no-tell-kernel*" msgstr "*--no-tell-kernel*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:189 msgid "Don't tell the kernel about partition changes. This option is recommended together with *--no-reread* to modify a partition on used disk. The modified partition should not be used (e.g., mounted)." msgstr "不要告訴核心分割區的變更。此選項建議搭配 *--no-reread* 使用，以修改使用中磁碟上的分割區。被修改的分割區不應被使用（例如掛載）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:190 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--backup-file* _path_" msgstr "*-O*, *--backup-file* _path_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:192 msgid "Override the default backup file name. Note that the device name and offset are always appended to the file name." msgstr "覆寫預設備份檔名。請注意裝置名稱和偏移量永遠會被附加到檔名後面。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:193 #, no-wrap msgid "*--move-data*[**=**__path__]" msgstr "*--move-data*[**=**__path__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:195 msgid "Move data after partition relocation, for example when moving the beginning of a partition to another place on the disk. The size of the partition has to remain the same, the new and old location may overlap. This option requires option *-N* in order to be processed on one specific partition only." msgstr "在分割區重新定位後搬移資料，例如把分割區的開頭移到磁碟上的另一個位置時。分割區的大小必須保持不變，新舊位置可能重疊。此選項需要 *-N* 選項，以便只對某個特定分割區處理。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:197 msgid "The optional _path_ specifies log file name. The log file contains information about all read/write operations on the partition data. The word \"@default\" as a _path_ forces *sfdisk* to use _~/sfdisk-.move_ for the log. The log is optional since v2.35." msgstr "選用的 _path_（路徑）指定記錄檔名。記錄檔包含關於分割區資料之所有讀寫作業的資訊。以 \"@default\" 作為 _path_ 會強制 *sfdisk* 使用 _~/sfdisk-.move_ 作為記錄檔。自 v2.35 起記錄檔是選用的。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:199 msgid "Note that this operation is risky and not atomic. *Don't forget to backup your data!*" msgstr "請注意這個操作有風險且不是原子的。*別忘了備份你的資料！*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:201 msgid "See also *--move-use-fsync*." msgstr "另請參閱 *--move-use-fsync*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:203 msgid "In the example below, the first command creates a 100MiB free area before the first partition and moves the data it contains (e.g., a filesystem), the next command creates a new partition from the free space (at offset 2048), and the last command reorders partitions to match disk order (the original sdc1 will become sdc2)." msgstr "在下面的範例中，第一個命令在第一個分割區之前建立一個 100MiB 的可用區域，並搬移它所包含的資料（例如檔案系統）；下一個命令從可用空間（在偏移 2048 處）建立一個新分割區；最後一個命令重新排序分割區以符合磁碟順序（原來的 sdc1 會變成 sdc2）。" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:206 msgid "*echo '+100M,' | sfdisk --move-data /dev/sdc -N 1*" msgstr "*echo '+100M,' | sfdisk --move-data /dev/sdc -N 1*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:208 msgid "*echo '2048,' | sfdisk /dev/sdc --append*" msgstr "*echo '2048,' | sfdisk /dev/sdc --append*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:210 msgid "*sfdisk /dev/sdc --reorder*" msgstr "*sfdisk /dev/sdc --reorder*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:212 #, no-wrap msgid "*--move-use-fsync*" msgstr "*--move-use-fsync*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:214 msgid "Use the *fsync*(2) system call after each write when moving data to a new location by *--move-data*." msgstr "使用 *--move-data* 把資料搬到新位置時，在每次寫入之後使用 *fsync*(2) 系統呼叫。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:219 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _{plus}list_ (e.g., *-o +UUID*)." msgstr "如果以 _{plus}list_ 格式指定 _list_（例如 *-o +UUID*），可以擴充預設的欄位清單。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:223 msgid "Suppress extra info messages." msgstr "抑制額外的資訊訊息。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:224 #, no-wrap msgid "*--sector-size* _sectorsize_" msgstr "*--sector-size* _sectorsize_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:227 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--unit S*" msgstr "*-u*, *--unit S*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:229 msgid "Deprecated option. Only the sector unit is supported. This option is not supported when using the *--show-size* command." msgstr "已過時的選項。只支援磁區單位。使用 *--show-size* 命令時不支援此選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:230 #, no-wrap msgid "*-X*, *--label* _type_" msgstr "*-X*, *--label* _type_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:236 msgid "Specify the disk-label type (e.g., *dos*, *gpt*, ...). If this option is not given, then *sfdisk* defaults to the type of the existing label, but if there is no label on the device yet, then the type defaults to *dos*. This default may be overridden by the \"label: \" script-header line. The option *--label* does not force *sfdisk* to create an empty disk label (see the *EMPTY DISK LABEL* section below)." msgstr "指定磁碟標籤類型（例如 *dos*、*gpt* 等）。如果沒有給定此選項，*sfdisk* 預設使用既有標籤的類型；但如果裝置上還沒有標籤，類型便預設為 *dos*。這個預設值可以由 \"label: \" 腳本標頭列覆寫。*--label* 選項不會強制 *sfdisk* 建立空的磁碟標籤（請參閱下方「*空的磁碟標籤*」一節）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:237 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Y*, *--label-nested* _type_" msgstr "*-Y*, *--label-nested* _type_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:239 msgid "Force editing of a nested disk label. The primary disk label has to exist already. This option allows editing for example a hybrid/protective MBR on devices with GPT." msgstr "強制編輯巢狀的磁碟標籤。主要的磁碟標籤必須已經存在。此選項允許例如在帶有 GPT 的裝置上編輯混合式／保護性 MBR。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:242 msgid "Wipe filesystem, RAID and partition-table signatures from the device, in order to avoid possible collisions. The argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. When this option is not given, the default is *auto*, in which case signatures are wiped only when in interactive mode; except the old partition-table signatures which are always wiped before create a new partition-table if the argument _when_ is not *never*. The *auto* mode also does not wipe the first sector (boot sector), it is necessary to use the *always* mode to wipe this area. In all cases detected signatures are reported by warning messages before a new partition table is created. See also the *wipefs*(8) command." msgstr "從裝置上清除檔案系統、RAID 和分割表的簽章，以避免可能的衝突。_when_ 引數可以是 *auto*、*never* 或 *always*。未給定此選項時預設為 *auto*，此時只有在互動模式下才會清除簽章；但舊的分割表簽章例外，只要 _when_ 不是 *never*，在建立新分割表之前一律會清除。*auto* 模式也不會清除第一個磁區（開機磁區），要清除這個區域必須使用 *always* 模式。在所有情況下，在建立新分割表之前都會以警告訊息報告偵測到的簽章。另請參閱 *wipefs*(8) 命令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:245 msgid "Wipe filesystem, RAID and partition-table signatures from a newly created partition, in order to avoid possible collisions. The argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. When this option is not given, the default is *auto*, in which case signatures are wiped only when in interactive mode and after confirmation by user. In all cases detected signatures are reported by warning messages after a new partition is created. See also *wipefs*(8) command." msgstr "從新建立的分割區上清除檔案系統、RAID 和分割表的簽章，以避免可能的衝突。_when_ 引數可以是 *auto*、*never* 或 *always*。未給定此選項時預設為 *auto*，此時只有在互動模式並經使用者確認後才會清除簽章。在所有情況下，建立新分割區之後都會以警告訊息報告偵測到的簽章。另請參閱 *wipefs*(8) 命令。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:249 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--version*" msgstr "*-v*, *--version*" #. Do not include::man-common/help-version.adoc[], as -V is not --version. #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:254 #, no-wrap msgid "INPUT FORMATS" msgstr "輸入格式" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:257 msgid "*sfdisk* supports two input formats and generic header lines." msgstr "*sfdisk* 支援兩種輸入格式和通用的標頭列。" #. type: Title === #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:258 #, no-wrap msgid "Header lines" msgstr "標頭列" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:261 msgid "The optional header lines specify generic information that apply to the partition table. The header-line format is:" msgstr "選用的標頭列會指定套用於分割表的通用資訊。標頭列格式是：" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:263 msgid "*: *" msgstr "*: *" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:265 msgid "The currently recognized headers are:" msgstr "目前可辨識的標頭有：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:266 #, no-wrap msgid "*unit*" msgstr "*unit*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:268 msgid "Specify the partitioning unit. The only supported unit is *sectors*." msgstr "指定分割單位。唯一支援的單位是 *sectors*（磁區）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:268 #, no-wrap msgid "*label*" msgstr "*label*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:270 msgid "Specify the partition table type. For example *dos* or *gpt*." msgstr "指定分割表類型。例如 *dos* 或 *gpt*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:270 #, no-wrap msgid "*label-id*" msgstr "*label-id*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:272 msgid "Specify the partition table identifier. It should be a hexadecimal number (with a 0x prefix) for MBR and a UUID for GPT." msgstr "指定分割表識別碼。對 MBR 它應該是十六進位數字（帶有 0x 前綴），對 GPT 則是一個 UUID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:272 #, no-wrap msgid "*first-lba*" msgstr "*first-lba*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:274 msgid "Specify the first usable sector for GPT partitions. This header is ignored if the script and device sector size differ. In this case *sfdisk* uses label specific default." msgstr "指定 GPT 分割區的第一個可用磁區。如果腳本與裝置的磁區大小不同，此標頭會被忽略。在這種情況下 *sfdisk* 會使用標籤專屬的預設值。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:274 #, no-wrap msgid "*last-lba*" msgstr "*last-lba*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:276 msgid "Specify the last usable sector for GPT partitions. This header is ignored if the script and device sector size differ. In this case *sfdisk* uses label specific default. The last-lba header is ignored if *--force* is specified, making the script usable on disks with different sizes." msgstr "指定 GPT 分割區的最後一個可用磁區。如果腳本與裝置的磁區大小不同，此標頭會被忽略。在這種情況下 *sfdisk* 會使用標籤專屬的預設值。如果指定了 *--force*，last-lba 標頭會被忽略，使腳本可以在不同大小的磁碟上使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:276 #, no-wrap msgid "*table-length*" msgstr "*table-length*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:278 msgid "Specify the maximal number of GPT partitions." msgstr "指定 GPT 分割區的最大數量。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:278 #, no-wrap msgid "*grain*" msgstr "*grain*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:280 msgid "Specify minimal size in bytes used to calculate partitions alignment. The default is 1MiB and it's strongly recommended to use the default. Do not modify this variable if you're not sure." msgstr "指定用於計算分割區對齊的最小大小（以位元組為單位）。預設為 1MiB，強烈建議使用預設值。如果你不確定，就不要修改這個變數。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:280 #, no-wrap msgid "*sector-size*" msgstr "*sector-size*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:282 msgid "Specifies the sector size used in the input. *sfdisk* always internally uses the device sector size provided by the kernel for the block device, or as specified by the user on the command line (see *--sector-size*). Starting with version 2.39, *sfdisk* recalculates sizes from the input if the *sector-size* header and device sector size are different." msgstr "指定輸入中使用的磁區大小。*sfdisk* 內部一律使用核心為區塊裝置提供的裝置磁區大小，或使用使用者在命令列上指定的值（請參閱 *--sector-size*）。從版本 2.39 開始，如果 *sector-size* 標頭與裝置磁區大小不同，*sfdisk* 會從輸入重新計算大小。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:284 msgid "Note that it is only possible to use header lines before the first partition is specified in the input." msgstr "請注意標頭列只能在輸入中指定第一個分割區之前使用。" #. type: Title === #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:285 #, no-wrap msgid "Unnamed-fields format" msgstr "未命名欄位格式" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:289 msgid "_start size type bootable_" msgstr "_start size type bootable_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:292 msgid "where each line fills one partition descriptor." msgstr "每一行填滿一個分割區描述子。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:294 msgid "Fields are separated by whitespace, comma (recommended) or semicolon possibly followed by whitespace; initial and trailing whitespace is ignored. Numbers can be octal, decimal or hexadecimal; decimal is the default. When a field is absent, empty or specified as '-' a default value is used. But when the *-N* option (change a single partition) is given, the default for each field is its previous value." msgstr "欄位之間以空白、逗號（建議）或以空白做為結尾的分號分隔；開頭和結尾的空白會被忽略。數字可以是八進位、十進位或十六進位；預設是十進位。當某個欄位缺席、為空或指定為 '-' 時，會使用預設值。但當給定了 *-N* 選項（變更單一分割區）時，每個欄位的預設值是其先前的值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:296 msgid "The default value of _start_ is the first non-assigned sector aligned according to device I/O limits. The default start offset for the first partition is 1 MiB. If the offset is followed by the multiplicative suffixes (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB), then the number is interpreted as offset in bytes. Since v2.38 when the *-N* option (change a single partition) is given, a '{plus}' can be used to enlarge partition by move start of the partition if there is a free space before the partition." msgstr "_start_（起始）的預設值是依裝置 I/O 限制對齊的第一個未指派磁區。第一個分割區的預設起始偏移是 1 MiB。如果偏移後面接有乘數後綴（KiB、MiB、GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 和 YiB），則該數字會被解讀為以位元組為單位的偏移。自 v2.38 起，當給定了 *-N* 選項（變更單一分割區）時，如果分割區之前有可用空間，可以使用 '{plus}' 藉由移動分割區的起點來擴大分割區。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:299 msgid "The default value of _size_ indicates \"as much as possible\"; i.e., until the next partition or end-of-device. A numerical argument is by default interpreted as a number of sectors, however if the size is followed by one of the multiplicative suffixes (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB) then the number is interpreted as the size of the partition in bytes and it is then aligned according to the device I/O limits. A '{plus}' can be used instead of a number to enlarge the partition as much as possible. Note '{plus}' is equivalent to the default behaviour for a new partition; existing partitions will be resized as required." msgstr "_size_（大小）的預設值表示「盡可能大」；也就是直到下一個分割區或裝置尾端為止。數字引數預設被解讀為磁區數量，但如果大小後面接有任一乘數後綴（KiB、MiB、GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 和 YiB），則該數字會被解讀為分割區的大小（以位元組為單位），然後依裝置 I/O 限制對齊。可以使用 '{plus}' 代替數字，以盡可能擴大分割區。請注意 '{plus}' 等同於新分割區的預設行為；既有的分割區會視需要調整大小。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:301 msgid "The partition _type_ is given in hex for MBR (DOS) where 0x prefix is optional; a GUID string for GPT; a shortcut or an alias. It's recommended to use two letters for MBR hex codes to avoid collision between deprecated shortcut 'E' and '0E' MBR hex code. For backward compatibility *sfdisk* tries to interpret _type_ as a shortcut as a first possibility in partitioning scripts although on other places (e.g. *--part-type* command) it tries shortcuts as the last possibility." msgstr "分割區 _type_（類型）對 MBR (DOS) 以十六進位給定，其中 0x 前綴是選用的；對 GPT 則是一個 GUID 字串；或是一個捷徑或別名。建議對 MBR 十六進位代碼使用兩個字母，以避免過時的捷徑 'E' 與 '0E' MBR 十六進位代碼發生衝突。為了向後相容，*sfdisk* 在分割腳本中會優先嘗試把 _type_ 解讀為捷徑，雖然在其他地方（例如 *--part-type* 命令）它會最後才嘗試捷徑。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:303 msgid "Since v2.36 libfdisk supports partition type aliases as extension to shortcuts. The alias is a simple human readable word (e.g. \"linux\")." msgstr "自 v2.36 起，libfdisk 支援分割區類型別名，作為捷徑的擴充。別名是一個簡單、人類可讀的字詞（例如 \"linux\"）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:305 msgid "Since v2.37 libfdisk supports partition type names on input, ignoring the case of the characters and all non-alphanumeric and non-digit characters in the name (e.g. \"Linux /usr x86\" is the same as \"linux usr-x86\")." msgstr "自 v2.37 起，libfdisk 在輸入時支援分割區類型名稱，會忽略名稱中字元的大小寫以及所有非英數字元（例如 \"Linux /usr x86\" 與 \"linux usr-x86\" 相同）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:307 msgid "Supported shortcuts and aliases:" msgstr "支援的捷徑和別名：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:308 #, no-wrap msgid "*L - alias 'linux'*" msgstr "*L - 別名 'linux'*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:310 msgid "Linux; means 83 for MBR and 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4 for GPT." msgstr "Linux；對 MBR 表示 83，對 GPT 表示 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:311 #, no-wrap msgid "*S - alias 'swap'*" msgstr "*S - 別名 'swap'*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:313 msgid "swap area; means 82 for MBR and 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F for GPT" msgstr "swap 區；對 MBR 表示 82，對 GPT 表示 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:314 #, no-wrap msgid "*Ex - alias 'extended'*" msgstr "*Ex - 別名 'extended'*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:316 msgid "MBR extended partition; means 05 for MBR. The original shortcut 'E' is deprecated due to collision with 0x0E MBR partition type." msgstr "MBR 擴充分割區；對 MBR 表示 05。原來的捷徑 'E' 因為與 0x0E MBR 分割區類型衝突而過時。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:317 #, no-wrap msgid "*H - alias 'home'*" msgstr "*H - 別名 'home'*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:319 msgid "home partition; means 933AC7E1-2EB4-4F13-B844-0E14E2AEF915 for GPT" msgstr "home 分割區；對 GPT 表示 933AC7E1-2EB4-4F13-B844-0E14E2AEF915" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:320 #, no-wrap msgid "*U - alias 'uefi'*" msgstr "*U - 別名 'uefi'*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:322 msgid "EFI System partition, means EF for MBR and C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B for GPT" msgstr "EFI 系統分割區，對 MBR 表示 EF，對 GPT 表示 C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:323 #, no-wrap msgid "*R - alias 'raid'*" msgstr "*R - 別名 'raid'*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:325 msgid "Linux RAID; means FD for MBR and A19D880F-05FC-4D3B-A006-743F0F84911E for GPT" msgstr "Linux RAID；對 MBR 表示 FD，對 GPT 表示 A19D880F-05FC-4D3B-A006-743F0F84911E" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:326 #, no-wrap msgid "*V - alias 'lvm'*" msgstr "*V - 別名 'lvm'*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:328 msgid "LVM; means 8E for MBR and E6D6D379-F507-44C2-A23C-238F2A3DF928 for GPT" msgstr "LVM；對 MBR 表示 8E，對 GPT 表示 E6D6D379-F507-44C2-A23C-238F2A3DF928" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:330 msgid "The default _type_ value is _linux_." msgstr "預設的 _type_ 值是 _linux_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:332 msgid "The shortcut 'X' for Linux extended partition (85) is deprecated in favour of 'Ex'." msgstr "Linux 擴充分割區 (85) 的捷徑 'X' 已過時，建議改用 'Ex'。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {asterisk} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:335 msgid "_bootable_ is specified as [*{asterisk}*|*-*], with as default not-bootable. The value of this field is irrelevant for Linux - when Linux runs it has been booted already - but it might play a role for certain boot loaders and for other operating systems." msgstr "_bootable_（可開機）以 [*{asterisk}*|*-*] 指定，預設為不可開機。此欄位的值對 Linux 而言無關緊要——當 Linux 執行時，它早已完成開機——但對某些開機載入程式和其他作業系統可能有意義。" #. type: Title === #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:336 #, no-wrap msgid "Named-fields format" msgstr "具名欄位格式" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:339 msgid "This format is more readable, robust, extensible and allows specifying additional information (e.g., a UUID). It is recommended to use this format to keep your scripts more readable." msgstr "這種格式更具可讀性、穩健性和可擴充性，並且允許指定額外資訊（例如 UUID）。建議使用這種格式，讓你的腳本更容易閱讀。" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:342 msgid "[_device_ *:*] _name_[**=**__value__], ..." msgstr "[_device_ *:*] _name_[**=**__value__], ..." #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:345 msgid "The _device_ field is optional. *sfdisk* extracts the partition number from the device name. It allows specifying the partitions in random order. This functionality is mostly used by *--dump*. Don't use it if you are not sure." msgstr "_device_（裝置）欄位是選用的。*sfdisk* 從裝置名稱中取出分割區編號。它允許以任意順序指定分割區。這個功能大多由 *--dump* 使用。如果你不確定，就不要使用它。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:347 msgid "The _value_ can be between quotation marks (e.g., name=\"This is partition name\"). The fields *start=* and *size=* support '{plus}' and '-' in the same way as *Unnamed-fields format*." msgstr "_value_（值）可以放在引號之間（例如 name=\"This is partition name\"）。*start=* 和 *size=* 欄位以與「*未命名欄位格式*」相同的方式支援 '{plus}' 和 '-'。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:349 msgid "The currently supported fields are:" msgstr "目前支援的欄位有：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:350 #, no-wrap msgid "**start=**__number__" msgstr "**start=**__number__" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:352 msgid "The first non-assigned sector aligned according to device I/O limits. The default start offset for the first partition is 1 MiB. If the offset is followed by the multiplicative suffixes (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB), then the number is interpreted as offset in bytes." msgstr "依裝置 I/O 限制對齊的第一個未指派磁區。第一個分割區的預設起始偏移是 1 MiB。如果偏移後面接有乘數後綴（KiB、MiB、GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 和 YiB），則該數字會被解讀為以位元組為單位的偏移。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:353 #, no-wrap msgid "**size=**__number__" msgstr "**size=**__number__" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:355 msgid "Specify the partition size in sectors. The number may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB), then it's interpreted as size in bytes and the size is aligned according to device I/O limits." msgstr "以磁區為單位指定分割區大小。數字後面可以接乘數後綴（KiB、MiB、GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 和 YiB），接著會被解讀為以位元組為單位的大小，然後依裝置 I/O 限制對齊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:356 #, no-wrap msgid "*bootable*" msgstr "*bootable*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:358 msgid "Mark the partition as bootable." msgstr "把分割區標記為可開機。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:359 #, no-wrap msgid "**attrs=**__string__" msgstr "**attrs=**__string__" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:361 msgid "Partition attributes, usually GPT partition attribute bits. See *--part-attrs* for more details about the GPT-bits string format." msgstr "分割區屬性，通常是 GPT 分割區的屬性位元。關於 GPT 位元字串格式的更多細節，請參閱 *--part-attrs*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:362 #, no-wrap msgid "**uuid=**__string__" msgstr "**uuid=**__string__" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:364 msgid "GPT partition UUID." msgstr "GPT 分割區的 UUID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:365 #, no-wrap msgid "**name=**__string__" msgstr "**name=**__string__" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:367 msgid "GPT partition name." msgstr "GPT 分割區的名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:368 #, no-wrap msgid "**type=**__code__" msgstr "**type=**__code__" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:370 msgid "A hexadecimal number (without 0x) for an MBR partition, a GUID for a GPT partition, a shortcut as for unnamed-fields format or a type name (e.g. type=\"Linux /usr (x86)\"). See above the section about the unnamed-fields format for more details. For backward compatibility the *Id=* field has the same meaning." msgstr "對 MBR 分割區是一個十六進位數字（不含 0x）、對 GPT 分割區是一個 GUID、一個與未命名欄位格式相同的捷徑，或是一個類型名稱（例如 type=\"Linux /usr (x86)\"）。更多細節請參閱上方關於未命名欄位格式的段落。為了向後相容，*Id=* 欄位與其意義相同。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:371 #, no-wrap msgid "EMPTY DISK LABEL" msgstr "空的磁碟標籤" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:374 msgid "*sfdisk* does not create partition table without partitions by default. The lines with partitions are expected in the script by default. The empty partition table has to be explicitly requested by \"label: \" script header line without any partitions lines. For example:" msgstr "*sfdisk* 預設不會建立沒有分割區的分割表。腳本中預期需要包含分割區的行。空的磁碟標籤必須明確地透過不帶任何分割區行的 \"label: \" 腳本標頭列來要求。例如：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:377 msgid "*echo 'label: gpt' | sfdisk /dev/sdb*" msgstr "*echo 'label: gpt' | sfdisk /dev/sdb*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:380 msgid "creates empty GPT partition table. Note that the *--append* disables this feature." msgstr "建立空的 GPT 分割表。請注意 *--append* 會停用這個功能。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:381 #, no-wrap msgid "BACKING UP THE PARTITION TABLE" msgstr "備份分割表" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:384 msgid "It is recommended to save the layout of your devices. *sfdisk* supports two ways." msgstr "建議把裝置的配置儲存起來。*sfdisk* 支援兩種方式。" #. type: Title === #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:385 #, no-wrap msgid "Dump in sfdisk compatible format" msgstr "以 sfdisk 相容格式傾印" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:389 msgid "Use the *--dump* command to save a description of the device layout to a text file. The dump format is suitable for later *sfdisk* input. For example:" msgstr "使用 *--dump* 命令把裝置配置的描述儲存到文字檔。這個傾印格式適合之後做為 *sfdisk* 的輸入。例如：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:391 msgid "*sfdisk --dump /dev/sda > sda.dump*" msgstr "*sfdisk --dump /dev/sda > sda.dump*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:394 msgid "This can later be restored by:" msgstr "之後可以透過下列方式還原：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:396 msgid "*sfdisk /dev/sda < sda.dump*" msgstr "*sfdisk /dev/sda < sda.dump*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:399 msgid "Note that *sfdisk* completely restores partition types and partition UUIDs. This could potentially become problematic if you duplicate the same layout to different disks, as it may result in duplicate UUIDs within your system." msgstr "請注意 *sfdisk* 會完整還原分割區類型和分割區 UUID。如果你把相同的配置複製到不同的磁碟，這有可能會造成問題，因為可能會導致系統內出現重複的 UUID。" #. type: Title === #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:400 #, no-wrap msgid "Full binary backup" msgstr "完整二進位備份" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:403 msgid "If you want to do a full binary backup of all sectors where the partition table is stored, then use the *--backup-pt-sectors* command. It writes the sectors to _~/sfdisk--.bak_ files. The default name of the backup file can be changed with the *--backup-file* option. The backup files contain only raw data from the _device_. For example:" msgstr "如果你想對儲存分割表的所有磁區做完整的二進位備份，請使用 *--backup-pt-sectors* 命令。它會把磁區寫入 _~/sfdisk--.bak_ 檔案。備份檔的預設名稱可以用 *--backup-file* 選項變更。備份檔只包含來自 _device_（裝置）的原始資料。例如：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:406 msgid "*sfdisk --backup-pt-sectors /dev/sda*" msgstr "*sfdisk --backup-pt-sectors /dev/sda*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:409 msgid "The GPT header can later be restored by:" msgstr "之後可以透過下列方式還原 GPT 標頭：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:412 msgid "*dd if=~/sfdisk-sda-0x00000200.bak of=/dev/sda seek=$\\((0x00000200)) bs=1 conv=notrunc*" msgstr "*dd if=~/sfdisk-sda-0x00000200.bak of=/dev/sda seek=$\\((0x00000200)) bs=1 conv=notrunc*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:416 msgid "It's also possible to use the *--backup* option to create the same backup immediately after startup for other *sfdisk* commands. For example, backup partition table before deleting all partitions from partition table:" msgstr "也可以使用 *--backup* 選項，在啟動時立即為其他 *sfdisk* 命令建立相同的備份。例如，在從分割表中刪除所有分割區之前備份分割表：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:418 msgid "*sfdisk --backup --delete /dev/sda*" msgstr "*sfdisk --backup --delete /dev/sda*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:422 msgid "The same concept of backup files is used by *wipefs*(8)." msgstr "*wipefs*(8) 也使用相同的備份檔概念。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:424 msgid "Note that *sfdisk* since version 2.26 no longer provides the *-I* option to restore sectors. *dd*(1) provides all necessary functionality." msgstr "請注意自版本 2.26 起，*sfdisk* 不再提供 *-I* 選項來還原磁區。*dd*(1) 提供了所有必要的功能。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:428 msgid "The logical color names supported by *sfdisk* are:" msgstr "*sfdisk* 支援的邏輯色彩名稱有：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:438 #, no-wrap msgid "*SFDISK_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*SFDISK_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:440 msgid "enables *sfdisk* debug output." msgstr "啟用 *sfdisk* 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:452 msgid "Since version 2.26 *sfdisk* no longer provides the *-R* or *--re-read* option to force the kernel to reread the partition table. Use *blockdev --rereadpt* instead." msgstr "自版本 2.26 起，*sfdisk* 不再提供 *-R* 或 *--re-read* 選項來強制核心重讀分割表。請改用 *blockdev --rereadpt*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:454 msgid "Since version 2.26 *sfdisk* does not provide the *--DOS*, *--IBM*, *--DOS-extended*, *--unhide*, *--show-extended*, *--cylinders*, *--heads*, *--sectors*, *--inside-outer*, *--not-inside-outer* options." msgstr "自版本 2.26 起，*sfdisk* 不再提供 *--DOS*、*--IBM*、*--DOS-extended*、*--unhide*、*--show-extended*、*--cylinders*、*--heads*、*--sectors*、*--inside-outer*、*--not-inside-outer* 選項。" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:455 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:57 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:48 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:230 #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:131 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:241 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:98 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:69 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:89 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:69 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:119 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:101 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:110 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:70 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:72 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:138 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:92 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:113 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:117 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:86 #: ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:142 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:176 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:67 ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:81 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:85 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:290 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:230 ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:101 #: ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "EXAMPLES" msgstr "範例" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:457 #, no-wrap msgid "*sfdisk --list --label-nested=mbr /dev/sda*" msgstr "*sfdisk --list --label-nested=mbr /dev/sda*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:459 msgid "Print protective MBR on device with GPT disk label." msgstr "在帶有 GPT 磁碟標籤的裝置上印出保護性 MBR。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:460 #, no-wrap msgid "*echo -e ',10M,L\\n,10M,L\\n,+,\\n' | sfdisk /dev/sdc*" msgstr "*echo -e ',10M,L\\n,10M,L\\n,+,\\n' | sfdisk /dev/sdc*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:462 msgid "Create three Linux partitions, with the default start, the size of the first two partitions is 10MiB, and the last partition fills all available space on the device." msgstr "建立三個 Linux 分割區，使用預設的起始位置，前兩個分割區的大小為 10MiB，最後一個分割區填滿裝置上的所有可用空間。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:463 #, no-wrap msgid "*echo -e 'size=10M, type=L\\n size=10M, type=L\\n size=+\\n' | sfdisk /dev/sdc*" msgstr "*echo -e 'size=10M, type=L\\n size=10M, type=L\\n size=+\\n' | sfdisk /dev/sdc*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:465 msgid "The same as the previous example, but in named-fields format." msgstr "與前面的範例相同，但使用具名欄位格式。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:466 #, no-wrap msgid "*echo -e 'type=swap' | sfdisk -N 3 /dev/sdc*" msgstr "*echo -e 'type=swap' | sfdisk -N 3 /dev/sdc*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:468 msgid "Set type of the 3rd partition to 'swap'." msgstr "把第 3 個分割區的類型設為 'swap'。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:469 #, no-wrap msgid "*sfdisk --part-type /dev/sdc 3 swap*" msgstr "*sfdisk --part-type /dev/sdc 3 swap*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:471 msgid "The same as the previous example, but without script use." msgstr "與前面的範例相同，但不使用腳本。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:472 #, no-wrap msgid "*sfdisk --delete /dev/sdc 2*" msgstr "*sfdisk --delete /dev/sdc 2*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:474 msgid "Delete 2nd partition." msgstr "刪除第 2 個分割區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:475 #, no-wrap msgid "*echo \"\\+,+\" | sfdisk -N 3 --move-data /dev/sdc*" msgstr "*echo \"\\+,+\" | sfdisk -N 3 --move-data /dev/sdc*" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:477 msgid "Enlarge 3rd partition in both directions, move start to use free space before the partition and enlarge the size to use all free space after to the partition, and move partition data too." msgstr "雙向擴大第 3 個分割區：將起始位置前移以利用分割區前方的可用空間，並擴大容量以使用分割區後方的所有可用空間，同時一併移動分割區資料。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:483 msgid "The current *sfdisk* implementation is based on the original *sfdisk* from Andries E. Brouwer." msgstr "目前的 *sfdisk* 實作是以 Andries E. Brouwer 的原始 *sfdisk* 為基礎。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:491 msgid "*fdisk*(8), *cfdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" msgstr "*fdisk*(8), *cfdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "swaplabel(8)" msgstr "swaplabel(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:18 msgid "swaplabel - print or change the label or UUID of a swap area" msgstr "swaplabel - 列印或變更 swap 區域的標籤或 UUID" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:22 msgid "*swaplabel* [*-L* _label_] [*-U* _UUID_] _device_" msgstr "*swaplabel* [*-L* _label_] [*-U* _UUID_] _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:26 msgid "*swaplabel* will display or change the label or UUID of a swap partition located on _device_ (or regular file)." msgstr "*swaplabel* 會顯示或變更位於 _device_（或一般檔案）上 swap 分割區的標籤或 UUID。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:28 msgid "If the optional arguments *-L* and *-U* are not given, *swaplabel* will simply display the current swap-area label and UUID of _device_." msgstr "如果沒有指定選用引數 *-L* 和 *-U*，*swaplabel* 就只會顯示 _device_ 目前 swap 區域的標籤與 UUID。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:30 msgid "If an optional argument is present, then *swaplabel* will change the appropriate value on _device_. These values can also be set during swap creation using *mkswap*(8). The *swaplabel* utility allows changing the label or UUID on an actively used swap device." msgstr "如果有指定選用引數，*swaplabel* 就會變更 _device_ 上對應的值。這些值也可以在建立 swap 時用 *mkswap*(8) 設定。*swaplabel* 工具允許變更使用中 swap 裝置的標籤或 UUID。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:35 msgid "Specify a new _label_ for the device. Swap partition labels can be at most 16 characters long. If _label_ is longer than 16 characters, *swaplabel* will truncate it and print a warning message." msgstr "為裝置指定新的 _label_。swap 分割區的標籤最多可有 16 個字元長。如果 _label_ 超過 16 個字元，*swaplabel* 會截斷它並列印警告訊息。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:38 msgid "Specify a new _UUID_ for the device. The _UUID_ must be in the standard 8-4-4-4-12 character format, such as is output by *uuidgen*(1)." msgstr "為裝置指定新的 _UUID_。_UUID_ 必須使用標準的 8-4-4-4-12 字元格式，例如 *uuidgen*(1) 的輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:49 msgid "*swaplabel* was written by mailto:jborden@bluehost.com[Jason Borden] and mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]." msgstr "*swaplabel* 由 mailto:jborden@bluehost.com[Jason Borden] 與 mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak] 撰寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:55 msgid "*uuidgen*(1), *mkswap*(8), *swapon*(8)" msgstr "*uuidgen*(1), *mkswap*(8), *swapon*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:11 #, no-wrap msgid "terminal-colors.d(5)" msgstr "terminal-colors.d(5)" #. type: Attribute :man manual: #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:13 ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:62 #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "File formats" msgstr "檔案格式" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:21 msgid "terminal-colors.d - configure output colorization for various utilities" msgstr "terminal-colors.d - 為各種工具程式設定輸出的著色" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:25 msgid "/etc/terminal-colors.d/_[[name][@term].][type]_" msgstr "/etc/terminal-colors.d/_[[name][@term].][type]_" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:29 msgid "Files in this directory determine the default behavior for utilities when coloring output." msgstr "此目錄中的檔案會決定工具程式在輸出著色時的預設行為。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:31 msgid "The _name_ is a utility name. The name is optional and when none is specified then the file is used for all unspecified utilities." msgstr "_name_ 是工具程式名稱。名稱為選用；未指定名稱時，該檔案會套用至所有未指定的工具程式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:33 msgid "The _term_ is a terminal identifier (the *TERM* environment variable). The terminal identifier is optional and when none is specified then the file is used for all unspecified terminals." msgstr "_term_ 是終端機識別符（*TERM* 環境變數）。終端機識別符為選用；未指定時，該檔案會套用至所有未指定的終端機。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:35 msgid "The _type_ is a file type. Supported file types are:" msgstr "_type_ 是檔案類型。支援的檔案類型有：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:36 ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*disable*" msgstr "*disable*" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:38 msgid "Turns off output colorization for all compatible utilities. See also the *NO_COLOR* environment variable below." msgstr "關閉所有相容工具程式的輸出著色。另請參閱下方的 *NO_COLOR* 環境變數。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "*enable*" msgstr "*enable*" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:41 msgid "Turns on output colorization; any matching *disable* files are ignored." msgstr "開啟輸出著色；所有相符的 *disable* 檔案都會被忽略。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*scheme*" msgstr "*scheme*" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:44 msgid "Specifies colors used for output. The file format may be specific to the utility, the default format is described below." msgstr "指定輸出的顏色。檔案格式可能因工具程式而異，預設格式說明如下。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:46 msgid "If there are more files that match for a utility, then the file with the more specific filename wins. For example, the filename _@xterm.scheme_ has less priority than _dmesg@xterm.scheme_. The lowest priority are those files without a utility name and terminal identifier (e.g., \"disable\")." msgstr "如果有多個檔案符合某工具程式，則檔名更精確的檔案優先使用。例如，檔名 _@xterm.scheme_ 的優先順序低於 _dmesg@xterm.scheme_。優先順序最低的是沒有工具程式名稱與終端機識別符的檔案（例如「disable」）。" #. type: Title == #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "DEFAULT SCHEME FILES FORMAT" msgstr "預設 scheme 檔案格式" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:52 msgid "The following statement is recognized:" msgstr "會辨識下列敘述：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:54 msgid "_name color-sequence_" msgstr "_name color-sequence_" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:59 msgid "The _name_ is a logical name for the color sequence (for example: *error*). The names are specific to the utilities. For more details always see the *COLORS* section in the man page for the utility." msgstr "_name_ 是顏色序列的邏輯名稱（例如：*error*）。名稱依工具程式而異。如需更多詳細資料，請一律參閱該工具程式 man page 中的 *COLORS* 一節。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:61 msgid "The _color-sequence_ is a color name, ASCII color sequences, or escape sequences." msgstr "_color-sequence_ 可以是顏色名稱、ASCII 顏色序列或逸出序列。" #. type: Title === #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "Color names" msgstr "顏色名稱" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:65 msgid "black, blink, blue, bold, brown, cyan, darkgray, gray, green, halfbright, lightblue, lightcyan, lightgray, lightgreen, lightmagenta, lightred, magenta, red, reset, reverse, and yellow." msgstr "black、blink、blue、bold、brown、cyan、darkgray、gray、green、halfbright、lightblue、lightcyan、lightgray、lightgreen、lightmagenta、lightred、magenta、red、reset、reverse 與 yellow。" #. type: Title === #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "ANSI color sequences" msgstr "ANSI 顏色序列" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:69 msgid "The color sequences are composed of sequences of numbers separated by semicolons. The most common codes are:" msgstr "顏色序列由以分號分隔的數字序列組成。最常見的碼有：" #. type: Table #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|0\n" "|to restore default color\n" "\n" "|1\n" "|for brighter colors\n" "\n" "|4\n" "|for underlined text\n" "\n" "|5\n" "|for flashing text\n" "\n" "|30\n" "|for black foreground\n" "\n" "|31\n" "|for red foreground\n" "\n" "|32\n" "|for green foreground\n" "\n" "|33\n" "|for yellow (or brown) foreground\n" "\n" "|34\n" "|for blue foreground\n" "\n" "|35\n" "|for purple foreground\n" "\n" "|36\n" "|for cyan foreground\n" "\n" "|37\n" "|for white (or gray) foreground\n" "\n" "|40\n" "|for black background\n" "\n" "|41\n" "|for red background\n" "\n" "|42\n" "|for green background\n" "\n" "|43\n" "|for yellow (or brown) background\n" "\n" "|44\n" "|for blue background\n" "\n" "|45\n" "|for purple background\n" "\n" "|46\n" "|for cyan background\n" "\n" "|47\n" "|for white (or gray) background\n" msgstr "" "|0\n" "|還原預設顏色\n" "\n" "|1\n" "|較亮的顏色\n" "\n" "|4\n" "|底線文字\n" "\n" "|5\n" "|閃爍文字\n" "\n" "|30\n" "|黑色前景\n" "\n" "|31\n" "|紅色前景\n" "\n" "|32\n" "|綠色前景\n" "\n" "|33\n" "|黃色（或棕色）前景\n" "\n" "|34\n" "|藍色前景\n" "\n" "|35\n" "|紫色前景\n" "\n" "|36\n" "|青色前景\n" "\n" "|37\n" "|白色（或灰色）前景\n" "\n" "|40\n" "|黑色背景\n" "\n" "|41\n" "|紅色背景\n" "\n" "|42\n" "|綠色背景\n" "\n" "|43\n" "|黃色（或棕色）背景\n" "\n" "|44\n" "|藍色背景\n" "\n" "|45\n" "|紫色背景\n" "\n" "|46\n" "|青色背景\n" "\n" "|47\n" "|白色（或灰色）背景\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:135 msgid "For example, to use a red background for alert messages in the output of *dmesg*(1), use:" msgstr "例如，要讓 *dmesg*(1) 輸出中的警訊以紅色背景顯示，請使用：" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:137 msgid "`` *echo 'alert 37;41' >> /etc/terminal-colors.d/dmesg.scheme*``" msgstr "`` *echo 'alert 37;41' >> /etc/terminal-colors.d/dmesg.scheme*``" #. type: Title === #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:138 #, no-wrap msgid "Escape sequences" msgstr "逸出序列" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:143 msgid "An escape sequence is necessary to enter a space, backslash, caret, or any control character anywhere in a string, as well as a hash mark as the first character. These C-style backslash-escapes can be used:" msgstr "若要在字串中任意位置輸入空格、反斜線、插入號（^）或任何控制字元，或將井字號做為第一個字元，都必須使用逸出序列。可以使用下列 C 風格的倒斜線逸出：" #. type: Table #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:184 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|*\\a*\n" "|Bell (ASCII 7)\n" "\n" "|*\\b*\n" "|Backspace (ASCII 8)\n" "\n" "|*\\e*\n" "|Escape (ASCII 27)\n" "\n" "|*\\f*\n" "|Form feed (ASCII 12)\n" "\n" "|*\\n*\n" "|Newline (ASCII 10)\n" "\n" "|*\\r*\n" "|Carriage Return (ASCII 13)\n" "\n" "|*\\t*\n" "|Tab (ASCII 9)\n" "\n" "|*\\v*\n" "|Vertical Tab (ASCII 11)\n" "\n" "|*\\?*\n" "|Delete (ASCII 127)\n" "\n" "|*\\_*\n" "|Space\n" "\n" "|*\\\\*\n" "|Backslash (\\)\n" "\n" "|*\\^*\n" "|Caret (^)\n" "\n" "|*\\\\#*\n" "|Hash mark (#)\n" msgstr "" "|*\\a*\n" "|鈴聲（ASCII 7）\n" "\n" "|*\\b*\n" "|倒退鍵（ASCII 8）\n" "\n" "|*\\e*\n" "|逸出（ASCII 27）\n" "\n" "|*\\f*\n" "|換頁（ASCII 12）\n" "\n" "|*\\n*\n" "|換行（ASCII 10）\n" "\n" "|*\\r*\n" "|歸位（ASCII 13）\n" "\n" "|*\\t*\n" "|定位符號（ASCII 9）\n" "\n" "|*\\v*\n" "|垂直定位符號（ASCII 11）\n" "\n" "|*\\?*\n" "|刪除（ASCII 127）\n" "\n" "|*\\_*\n" "|空格\n" "\n" "|*\\\\*\n" "|反斜線（\\）\n" "\n" "|*\\^*\n" "|插入號（^）\n" "\n" "|*\\\\#*\n" "|井字號（#）\n" #. type: Title === #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:186 #, no-wrap msgid "Comments" msgstr "註解" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:190 msgid "Lines where the first non-blank character is a *#* (hash) are ignored. Any other use of the hash character is not interpreted as introducing a comment." msgstr "第一個非空白字元是 *#*（井字號）的行會被忽略。井字號的其他任何用法都不會被視為開始註解。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:193 #, no-wrap msgid "*TERMINAL_COLORS_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*TERMINAL_COLORS_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:195 ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:118 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:158 msgid "enables debug output." msgstr "啟用除錯輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:196 #, no-wrap msgid "*NO_COLOR*" msgstr "*NO_COLOR*" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:200 msgid "if defined, this disables output colorization unless explicitly enabled by a command-line option. See https://no-color.org/ for more details. Supported since util-linux version 2.41." msgstr "若已定義，除非由命令列選項明確啟用，否則會停用輸出的著色。詳情請參閱 https://no-color.org/。自 util-linux 2.41 版起支援。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:204 msgid "_$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/terminal-colors.d_" msgstr "_$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/terminal-colors.d_" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:206 msgid "_$HOME/.config/terminal-colors.d_" msgstr "_$HOME/.config/terminal-colors.d_" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:208 msgid "_/etc/terminal-colors.d_" msgstr "_/etc/terminal-colors.d_" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:212 msgid "Disable colors for all compatible utilities:" msgstr "為所有相容的工具程式停用顏色：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:215 ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:227 msgid "*touch /etc/terminal-colors.d/disable*" msgstr "*touch /etc/terminal-colors.d/disable*" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:218 msgid "Disable colors for all compatible utils on a vt100 terminal:" msgstr "在 vt100 終端機上為所有相容的工具程式停用顏色：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:221 msgid "*touch /etc/terminal-colors.d/@vt100.disable*" msgstr "*touch /etc/terminal-colors.d/@vt100.disable*" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:224 msgid "Disable colors for all compatible utils except *dmesg*(1):" msgstr "為所有相容的工具程式停用顏色，但 *dmesg*(1) 除外：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:229 msgid "*touch /etc/terminal-colors.d/dmesg.enable*" msgstr "*touch /etc/terminal-colors.d/dmesg.enable*" #. type: Title == #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:231 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:115 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:175 #, no-wrap msgid "COMPATIBILITY" msgstr "相容性" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:234 msgid "The *terminal-colors.d* functionality is currently supported by all util-linux utilities which provides colorized output. For more details always see the *COLORS* section in the man page for the utility." msgstr "*terminal-colors.d* 功能目前受到所有提供彩色輸出的 util-linux 工具程式支援。如需更多詳細資料，請一律參閱該工具程式 man page 中的 *COLORS* 一節。" #. type: Title = #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "libblkid(3)" msgstr "libblkid(3)" #. type: Attribute :man manual: #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:12 ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:37 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:37 ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:37 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:37 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:39 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:37 ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:37 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:37 ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:37 #: ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:4 msgid "Programmer's Manual" msgstr "程式設計師手冊" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:21 msgid "libblkid - block device identification library" msgstr "libblkid - 區塊裝置識別程式庫" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:25 msgid "*#include *" msgstr "*#include *" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:27 msgid "*cc* _file.c_ *-lblkid*" msgstr "*cc* _file.c_ *-lblkid*" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:31 msgid "The *libblkid* library is used to identify block devices (disks) as to their content (e.g., filesystem type) as well as extracting additional information such as filesystem labels/volume names, unique identifiers/serial numbers. A common use is to allow use of *LABEL=* and *UUID=* tags instead of hard-coding specific block device names into configuration files. See list of all available tags in *TAGS* section." msgstr "*libblkid* 程式庫用來依內容（例如檔案系統類型）識別區塊裝置（磁碟），並擷取額外資訊，例如檔案系統標籤／磁碟區名稱、唯一識別符／序號。常見的用途是允許使用 *LABEL=* 與 *UUID=* 標籤，而不用在組態檔中寫死特定的區塊裝置名稱。所有可用標籤的清單請參閱 *TAGS* 一節。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:33 msgid "The low-level part of the library also allows the extraction of information about partitions and block device topology." msgstr "程式庫的低階部分也能擷取分割區與區塊裝置拓撲的資訊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:35 msgid "The high-level part of the library keeps information about block devices in a cache file and is verified to still be valid before being returned to the user (if the user has read permission on the raw block device, otherwise not). The cache file also allows unprivileged users (normally anyone other than root, or those not in the \"disk\" group) to locate devices by label/id. The standard location of the cache file can be overridden by the environment variable *BLKID_FILE*." msgstr "程式庫的高階部分會將區塊裝置的資訊保存在快取檔案中，並在傳回給使用者之前驗證其是否仍然有效（若使用者對原始區塊裝置有讀取權限，否則不驗證）。快取檔案也允許非特權使用者（通常是 root 以外的任何人，或不在「disk」群組中的人）依標籤／ID 尋找裝置。快取檔案的標準位置可以用環境變數 *BLKID_FILE* 覆寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:37 msgid "In situations where one is getting information about a single known device, it does not impact performance whether the cache is used or not (unless you are not able to read the block device directly)." msgstr "在針對單一已知裝置取得資訊的情況下，使用或不使用快取都不會影響效能（除非你無法直接讀取該區塊裝置）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:39 msgid "The high-level part of the library supports two methods to determine *LABEL/UUID*. It reads information directly from a block device or reads information from /dev/disk/by-* udev symlinks. The udev is preferred method by default." msgstr "程式庫的高階部分支援兩種判斷 *LABEL/UUID* 的方法：直接從區塊裝置讀取資訊，或從 /dev/disk/by-* udev 符號連結讀取資訊。udev 是預設偏好的方法。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:41 msgid "If you are dealing with multiple devices, use of the cache is highly recommended (even if empty) as devices will be scanned at most one time and the on-disk cache will be updated if possible." msgstr "若要處理多個裝置，強烈建議使用快取（即使為空），因為每個裝置最多只會被掃描一次，且磁碟上的快取會盡可能更新。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:43 msgid "In some cases (modular kernels), block devices are not even visible until after they are accessed the first time, so it is critical that there is some way to locate these devices without enumerating only visible devices, so the use of the cache file is *required* in this situation." msgstr "在某些情況（模組化核心）下，區塊裝置在第一次存取之後才會顯示，因此關鍵在於必須有某種方法能定位這些裝置，而不是只列舉看得到的裝置；所以在這種情況下*必須*使用快取檔案。" #. type: Title == #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:44 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:162 #, no-wrap msgid "CONFIGURATION FILE" msgstr "組態檔" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:47 msgid "The standard location of the _/etc/blkid.conf_ config file can be overridden by the environment variable *BLKID_CONF*. For more details about the config file see *blkid*(8) man page." msgstr "_/etc/blkid.conf_ 組態檔的標準位置可以用環境變數 *BLKID_CONF* 覆寫。有關組態檔的更多詳細資料，請參閱 *blkid*(8) man page。" #. type: Title == #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "TAGS" msgstr "標籤" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:51 msgid "All available tags are listed below. Not all tags are supported for all file systems. To enable a tag, set one of the following flags with *blkid_probe_set_superblocks_flags*():" msgstr "下面列出所有可用的標籤。並非所有檔案系統都支援所有的標籤。若要啟用某個標籤，請用 *blkid_probe_set_superblocks_flags*() 設定下列旗標之一：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_TYPE" msgstr "BLKID_SUBLKS_TYPE" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:55 msgid "TYPE - filesystem type" msgstr "TYPE - 檔案系統類型" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_SECTYPE" msgstr "BLKID_SUBLKS_SECTYPE" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:59 msgid "SEC_TYPE - secondary filesystem type" msgstr "SEC_TYPE - 次要檔案系統類型" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_LABEL" msgstr "BLKID_SUBLKS_LABEL" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:63 msgid "LABEL - filesystem label" msgstr "LABEL - 檔案系統標籤" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_LABELRAW" msgstr "BLKID_SUBLKS_LABELRAW" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:67 msgid "LABEL_RAW - raw label from FS superblock" msgstr "LABEL_RAW - 來自 FS 超級區塊的原始標籤" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_UUID" msgstr "BLKID_SUBLKS_UUID" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:71 msgid "UUID - filesystem UUID (lower case)" msgstr "UUID - 檔案系統 UUID（小寫）" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:73 msgid "UUID_SUB - pool member UUID or device item UUID, etc. (e.g., zfs, btrfs, ...)" msgstr "UUID_SUB - 集區成員 UUID 或裝置項目 UUID 等（例如 zfs、btrfs、...）" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:75 msgid "LOGUUID - external log UUID (e.g. xfs)" msgstr "LOGUUID - 外部日誌 UUID（例如 xfs）" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_UUIDRAW" msgstr "BLKID_SUBLKS_UUIDRAW" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:79 msgid "UUID_RAW - raw UUID from FS superblock" msgstr "UUID_RAW - 來自 FS 超級區塊的原始 UUID" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_USAGE" msgstr "BLKID_SUBLKS_USAGE" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:83 msgid "USAGE - usage string: \"raid\", \"filesystem\", etc." msgstr "USAGE - 用途字串：「raid」「filesystem」等" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:84 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_VERSION" msgstr "BLKID_SUBLKS_VERSION" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:87 msgid "VERSION - filesystem version" msgstr "VERSION - 檔案系統版本" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_MAGIC" msgstr "BLKID_SUBLKS_MAGIC" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:91 msgid "SBMAGIC - super block magic string" msgstr "SBMAGIC - 超級區塊魔數字串" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:93 msgid "SBMAGIC_OFFSET - offset of SBMAGIC" msgstr "SBMAGIC_OFFSET - SBMAGIC 的偏移" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_FSINFO" msgstr "BLKID_SUBLKS_FSINFO" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:100 msgid "FSSIZE - size of filesystem. Note that for XFS this will return the same value as lsblk (without XFS's metadata), but for ext4 it will return the size with metadata and for BTRFS will not count overhead of RAID configuration (redundant data)." msgstr "FSSIZE - 檔案系統的大小。請注意，對 XFS 而言，此值會與 lsblk 回傳的值相同（不含 XFS 的中繼資料）；但對 ext4 而言，會回傳包含中繼資料的大小；對 BTRFS 而言，則不會計入 RAID 組態的額外負擔（冗餘資料）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:102 msgid "FSLASTBLOCK - last fsblock/total number of fsblocks" msgstr "FSLASTBLOCK - 最後一個 fsblock／fsblock 總數" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:104 msgid "FSBLOCKSIZE - file system block size" msgstr "FSBLOCKSIZE - 檔案系統區塊大小" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "The following tags are always enabled" msgstr "下列標籤永遠啟用" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:108 msgid "BLOCK_SIZE - minimal block size accessible by file system" msgstr "BLOCK_SIZE - 檔案系統可存取的最小區塊大小" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:110 msgid "MOUNT - cluster mount name (ocfs only)" msgstr "MOUNT - cluster 掛載名稱（僅 ocfs）" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:112 msgid "EXT_JOURNAL - external journal UUID" msgstr "EXT_JOURNAL - 外部日誌 UUID" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:114 msgid "SYSTEM_ID - ISO9660 system identifier" msgstr "SYSTEM_ID - ISO9660 系統識別符" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:116 msgid "VOLUME_SET_ID - ISO9660 volume set identifier" msgstr "VOLUME_SET_ID - ISO9660 磁碟區集識別符" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:118 msgid "DATA_PREPARER_ID - ISO9660 data identifier" msgstr "DATA_PREPARER_ID - ISO9660 資料識別符" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:120 msgid "PUBLISHER_ID - ISO9660 publisher identifier" msgstr "PUBLISHER_ID - ISO9660 發行商識別符" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:122 msgid "APPLICATION_ID - ISO9660 application identifier" msgstr "APPLICATION_ID - ISO9660 應用程式識別符" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:124 msgid "BOOT_SYSTEM_ID - ISO9660 boot system identifier" msgstr "BOOT_SYSTEM_ID - ISO9660 開機系統識別符" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:128 msgid "*libblkid* was written by Andreas Dilger for the ext2 filesystem utilities, with input from Ted Ts'o. The library was subsequently heavily modified by Ted Ts'o." msgstr "*libblkid* 由 Andreas Dilger 為 ext2 檔案系統工具程式撰寫，Ted Ts'o 亦提供意見。後來此程式庫又經 Ted Ts'o 大幅修改。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:130 msgid "The low-level probing code was rewritten by Karel Zak." msgstr "低階探測程式碼由 Karel Zak 重寫。" #. type: Title == #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "COPYING" msgstr "授權" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:134 msgid "*libblkid* is available under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License (LGPL), version 2 (or at your discretion any later version)." msgstr "*libblkid* 依 GNU 程式庫通用公共授權條款（LGPL）第 2 版（或由你自行選擇較新的版本）提供。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:139 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:120 msgid "*blkid*(8), *findfs*(8)" msgstr "*blkid*(8), *findfs*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:9 #, no-wrap msgid "scols-filter(5)" msgstr "scols-filter(5)" #. type: Attribute :man manual: #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:11 msgid "File formats and conventions" msgstr "檔案格式與慣例" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:21 msgid "scols-filter - syntax for libsmartcols filter expressions" msgstr "scols-filter - libsmartcols 篩選器運算式的語法" #. type: Title == #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:22 #, no-wrap msgid "SYNTAX" msgstr "語法" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "" "expr: param\n" " | ( expr )\n" " | expr && expr | expr AND expr\n" " | expr || expr | expr OR expr\n" " | !expr | NOT expr\n" " | expr == expr | expr EQ expr\n" " | expr != expr | expr NE expr\n" " | expr >= expr | expr GE expr\n" " | expr <= expr | expr LE expr\n" " | expr > expr | expr GT expr\n" " | expr < expr | expr LT expr\n" " | expr =~ string \n" " | expr !~ string\n" msgstr "" "expr: param\n" " | ( expr )\n" " | expr && expr | expr AND expr\n" " | expr || expr | expr OR expr\n" " | !expr | NOT expr\n" " | expr == expr | expr EQ expr\n" " | expr != expr | expr NE expr\n" " | expr >= expr | expr GE expr\n" " | expr <= expr | expr LE expr\n" " | expr > expr | expr GT expr\n" " | expr < expr | expr LT expr\n" " | expr =~ string \n" " | expr !~ string\n" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "" "param: integer\n" " | float\n" " | string\n" " | boolean\n" " | holder\n" msgstr "" "param: integer\n" " | float\n" " | string\n" " | boolean\n" " | holder\n" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "" "integer: [0-9]*\n" " | [0-9]*[KMGTPEZY]\n" " | [0-9]*[KMGTPEZY]iB\n" msgstr "" "integer: [0-9]*\n" " | [0-9]*[KMGTPEZY]\n" " | [0-9]*[KMGTPEZY]iB\n" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "float: integer.integer\n" msgstr "float: integer.integer\n" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "boolean: \"true\" | \"false\" | \"TRUE\" | \"FALSE\"\n" msgstr "boolean: \"true\" | \"false\" | \"TRUE\" | \"FALSE\"\n" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "string: \"[^\\n\\\"]*\" | '[^\\n\\']*'\n" msgstr "string: \"[^\\n\\\"]*\" | '[^\\n\\']*'\n" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "holder: [a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z_.%:/\\-0-9]*\n" msgstr "holder: [a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z_.%:/\\-0-9]*\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:66 msgid "The filter expression can be used by application linked with libsmartcols to filter output data. The application can use the filter before it gathers all data for the output to reduce resources and improve performance. This makes scols filter more effective than *grep*(1) on the complete output. For example" msgstr "篩選器運算式可供連結 libsmartcols 的應用程式用來篩選輸出資料。應用程式可以在蒐集所有輸出資料之前先使用篩選器，以減少資源消耗並提升效能。這使 scols 篩選器比在完整輸出上執行 *grep*(1) 更有效率。例如" #. type: delimited block . #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid " lsblk --output NAME,LABEL,FSTYPE --filter 'NAME==\"sda1\"'\n" msgstr " lsblk --output NAME,LABEL,FSTYPE --filter 'NAME==\"sda1\"'\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:71 msgid "helps *lsblk*(1) to not read LABELs for all block device from udevd or libblkid, but read it only for device sda1." msgstr "可助 *lsblk*(1) 不必從 udevd 或 libblkid 讀取所有區塊裝置的 LABEL，而只為裝置 sda1 讀取 LABEL。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:73 msgid "The filter can be also used for columns which are not used in the output." msgstr "篩選器也可以用於輸出中未使用的資料行。" #. type: Title == #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "SYNTAX NOTES" msgstr "語法附註" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:77 msgid "An expression consists of holders, params, and operators." msgstr "運算式由 holder、param 與運算子組成。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:82 msgid "The currently supported `holder` type is column name only. The name has to be used without quotes. Before evaluation, application maps column names in the given expression to the output table columns and assign column data type to the holder. The default type is \"string\"." msgstr "目前支援的 `holder` 類型僅有資料行名稱。名稱使用時不得加上引號。在求值之前，應用程式會把給定運算式中的資料行名稱對應到輸出表格的資料行，並將資料行資料類型指定給 holder。預設類型為「string」。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:85 msgid "The `param` is for representing a value directly. The currently supported data types are integer, float, string and boolean." msgstr "`param` 用來直接表示一個值。目前支援的資料類型有 integer、float、string 與 boolean。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:91 msgid "An operator works with one or two operand(s). An operator has an expectation about the data type(s) of its operands. Giving an unexpected data type to an operator causes a syntax error. The library can cast between data types, the preferred is always the type as specified by `param` and in case of expression with number and float the preferred is the float." msgstr "運算子可用於一個或兩個運算元。運算子對其運算元的資料類型有預期。若提供非預期的資料類型給運算子，會造成語法錯誤。程式庫可以在資料類型之間進行轉換，偏好順序一律是 `param` 指定的類型；在同時含有數字與浮點數的運算式中，偏好的是浮點數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:95 msgid "Operators taking two operands are `and`, `or`, `eq`, `ne`, `le`, `lt`, `ge`, `gt`, `=~`, `!~`. Alphabetically named operators have C-language flavored aliases: `&&`, `||`, `==`, `!=`, `<`, `<=`, `>=`, and `>`." msgstr "接受兩個運算元的運算子有 `and`、`or`、`eq`、`ne`、`le`、`lt`、`ge`、`gt`、`=~`、`!~`。以英文字母命名的運算子具有 C 語言風格的別名：`&&`、`||`、`==`、`!=`、`<`、`<=`、`>=` 和 `>`。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:99 msgid "`!` is the only operator that takes one operand. If no operator is specified then expression is true if param or holder are not empty. For example *--filter NAME* will return lines where column NAME is not empty." msgstr "`!` 是唯一接受單一運算元的運算子。若未指定運算子，則當 param 或 holder 不是空值時，運算式為真。例如，*--filter NAME* 會回傳資料行 NAME 不是空值的每一行。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:103 msgid "`=~` and `!~` is for regular expression matching; if a string at the right side matches (or not matches for `!~` a regular expression at the left side), the result is true. The right side operand must be a string literal." msgstr "`=~` 與 `!~` 用於正規表示式比對；若右側的字串與左側的正規表示式相符（對 `!~` 而言則是不相符），結果為真。右側的運算元必須是字串常值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:105 msgid "The precedences within operators is `or`, `and`, and `eq`, `ne`, `le`, `gt`, `ge`, `=~`, `!~`, `not`." msgstr "運算子之間的優先順序為 `or`、`and`、`eq`、`ne`、`le`、`gt`、`ge`、`=~`、`!~`、`not`。" #. type: Title == #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "LIMITATIONS" msgstr "限制" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:113 msgid "About `float` and `integer` typed values, the filter engine supports only non-negative numbers. The `integer` is unsigned 64-bit number, and `float` is long double. The `integer` may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB, GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB, and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\")." msgstr "關於 `float` 與 `integer` 類型的值，篩選器引擎只支援非負數。`integer` 是無號 64 位元數字，`float` 是 long double。`integer` 後面可以加上倍數後綴 KiB、GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB（「iB」為選用，例如「K」與「KiB」意義相同）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:119 msgid "Based on original implementation from mailto:yamato@redhat.com[Masatake YAMATO]." msgstr "以 mailto:yamato@redhat.com[Masatake YAMATO] 的原始實作為基礎。" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid(3)" msgstr "uuid(3)" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid - DCE compatible Universally Unique Identifier library" msgstr "uuid - 與 DCE 相容的通用唯一識別符（UUID）程式庫" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:50 ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:50 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:50 ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:50 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:52 ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:50 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:50 ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:50 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:50 msgid "*#include *" msgstr "*#include *" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:54 msgid "The UUID library is used to generate unique identifiers for objects that may be accessible beyond the local system. This library generates UUIDs compatible with those created by the Open Software Foundation (OSF) Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) utility *uuidgen*(1)." msgstr "UUID 程式庫用來為可能在本機系統之外存取的物件產生唯一識別符。此程式庫產生的 UUID 與 Open Software Foundation（OSF）分散式計算環境（DCE）工具程式 *uuidgen*(1) 產生的 UUID 相容。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:56 msgid "The UUIDs generated by this library can be reasonably expected to be unique within a system, and unique across all systems. They could be used, for instance, to generate unique HTTP cookies across multiple web servers without communication between the servers, and without fear of a name clash." msgstr "此程式庫所產生的 UUID 可合理地預期在單一系統內具唯一性，並在所有系統之間也具唯一性。例如，可用於在多部網頁伺服器之間產生唯一的 HTTP cookie，無需伺服器之間進行通訊，也不必擔心名稱衝突。" #. type: Title == #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:57 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:78 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:64 ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:61 #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:237 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:65 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:78 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:88 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:226 #, no-wrap msgid "CONFORMING TO" msgstr "符合標準" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:60 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:81 msgid "This library generates UUIDs compatible with OSF DCE 1.1, and hash based UUIDs V3 and V5 compatible with link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC-4122]." msgstr "此程式庫產生的 UUID 與 OSF DCE 1.1 相容，並產生與 link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC-4122] 相容的 V3 與 V5 雜湊型 UUID。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:64 ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:60 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:64 ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:64 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:85 ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:60 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:71 ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:64 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:68 msgid "Theodore Y. Ts'o" msgstr "Theodore Y. Ts'o" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:75 msgid "*uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "*uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_clear(3)" msgstr "uuid_clear(3)" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_clear - reset value of UUID variable to the NULL value" msgstr "uuid_clear - 將 UUID 變數的值重設為 NULL 值" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:52 msgid "*void uuid_clear(uuid_t __uu__);*" msgstr "*void uuid_clear(uuid_t __uu__);*" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:56 msgid "The *uuid_clear*() function sets the value of the supplied uuid variable _uu_ to the NULL value." msgstr "*uuid_clear*() 函式會將提供的 uuid 變數 _uu_ 的值設為 NULL 值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:70 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "*uuid*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_compare(3)" msgstr "uuid_compare(3)" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_compare - compare whether two UUIDs are the same" msgstr "uuid_compare - 比較兩個 UUID 是否相同" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:52 msgid "*int uuid_compare(const uuid_t __uu1__, const uuid_t __uu2__)*" msgstr "*int uuid_compare(const uuid_t __uu1__, const uuid_t __uu2__)*" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:56 msgid "The *uuid_compare*() function compares the two supplied uuid variables _uu1_ and _uu2_ to each other." msgstr "*uuid_compare*() 函式會比較提供的兩個 uuid 變數 _uu1_ 與 _uu2_。" #. type: Title == #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:57 ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:57 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:74 ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:60 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:57 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:36 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:43 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:39 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:34 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:37 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:38 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "RETURN VALUE" msgstr "傳回值" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:60 msgid "Returns an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero if _uu1_ is found, respectively, to be lexicographically less than, equal, or greater than _uu2_." msgstr "若 _uu1_ 依字典順序分別小於、等於或大於 _uu2_，則分別傳回小於、等於或大於零的整數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:74 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_copy(3)" msgstr "uuid_copy(3)" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_copy - copy a UUID value" msgstr "uuid_copy - 複製一個 UUID 值" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:52 msgid "*void uuid_copy(uuid_t __dst__, const uuid_t __src__);*" msgstr "*void uuid_copy(uuid_t __dst__, const uuid_t __src__);*" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:56 msgid "The *uuid_copy*() function copies the UUID variable _src_ to _dst_." msgstr "*uuid_copy*() 函式會將 UUID 變數 _src_ 複製到 _dst_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:60 msgid "The copied UUID is returned in the location pointed to by _dst_." msgstr "複製後的 UUID 會傳回至 _dst_ 所指的位置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:74 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_generate(3)" msgstr "uuid_generate(3)" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:48 msgid "uuid_generate, uuid_generate_random, uuid_generate_time, uuid_generate_time_safe - create a new unique UUID value" msgstr "uuid_generate, uuid_generate_random, uuid_generate_time, uuid_generate_time_safe - 建立新的唯一 UUID 值" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*void uuid_generate(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_random(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_time(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*int uuid_generate_time_safe(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_md5(uuid_t __out__, const uuid_t __ns__, const char __*name__, size_t __len__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_sha1(uuid_t __out__, const uuid_t __ns__, const char __*name__, size_t __len__);*" msgstr "" "*void uuid_generate(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_random(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_time(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*int uuid_generate_time_safe(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_md5(uuid_t __out__, const uuid_t __ns__, const char __*name__, size_t __len__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_sha1(uuid_t __out__, const uuid_t __ns__, const char __*name__, size_t __len__);*" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:63 msgid "The *uuid_generate*() function creates a new universally unique identifier (UUID). The uuid will be generated based on high-quality randomness from *getrandom*(2), _/dev/urandom_, or _/dev/random_ if available. If it is not available, then *uuid_generate*() will use an alternative algorithm which uses the current time, the local ethernet MAC address (if available), and random data generated using a pseudo-random generator." msgstr "*uuid_generate*() 函式會建立一個新的通用唯一識別碼（UUID）。UUID 會依據來自 *getrandom*(2)、_/dev/urandom_ 或 _/dev/random_（若可用）的高品質隨機性產生。若不可用，則 *uuid_generate*() 會改用替代演算法，該演算法使用目前時間、本機乙太網路 MAC 位址（若可用），以及由虛擬隨機產生器所產生的隨機資料。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:65 msgid "The *uuid_generate_random*(3) function forces the use of the all-random UUID format, even if a high-quality random number generator is not available, in which case a pseudo-random generator will be substituted. Note that the use of a pseudo-random generator may compromise the uniqueness of UUIDs generated in this fashion." msgstr "*uuid_generate_random*(3) 函式會強制使用全隨機的 UUID 格式，即使沒有高品質的隨機數產生器亦然，此時會以虛擬隨機產生器替代。請注意，使用虛擬隨機產生器可能會損害以這種方式產生的 UUID 的唯一性。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:67 msgid "The *uuid_generate_time*(3) function forces the use of the alternative algorithm which uses the current time and the local ethernet MAC address (if available). This algorithm used to be the default one used to generate UUIDs, but because of the use of the ethernet MAC address, it can leak information about when and where the UUID was generated. This can cause privacy problems in some applications, so the *uuid_generate*() function only uses this algorithm if a high-quality source of randomness is not available. To guarantee uniqueness of UUIDs generated by concurrently running processes, the uuid library uses a global clock state counter (if the process has permissions to gain exclusive access to this file) and/or the *uuidd*(8) daemon, if it is running already or can be spawned by the process (if installed and the process has enough permissions to run it). If neither of these two synchronization mechanisms can be used, it is theoretically possible that two concurrently running processes obtain the same UUID(s). To tell whether the UUID has been generated in a safe manner, use *uuid_generate_time_safe*(3)." msgstr "*uuid_generate_time*(3) 函式會強制使用使用目前時間與本機乙太網路 MAC 位址（若可用）的替代演算法。此演算法原本是產生 UUID 時使用的預設演算法，但由於使用乙太網路 MAC 位址，可能會洩漏 UUID 產生的時間與位置資訊。這在某些應用程式中可能造成隱私問題，因此 *uuid_generate*() 函式只有在沒有高品質隨機來源時才使用此演算法。為確保由同時執行中的處理程序所產生的 UUID 具唯一性，uuid 程式庫會使用全域時鐘狀態計數器（若該處理程序有權限獨佔存取此檔案）及／或 *uuidd*(8) 常駐程式（若它已在執行，或可被該處理程序產生，亦即已安裝且該處理程序有足夠權限執行它）。若這兩種同步機制都無法使用，理論上兩個同時執行中的處理程序可能取得相同的 UUID。若要得知 UUID 是否以安全的方式產生，請使用 *uuid_generate_time_safe*(3)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:69 msgid "The *uuid_generate_time_safe*(3) function is similar to *uuid_generate_time*(3), except that it returns a value which denotes whether any of the synchronization mechanisms (see above) has been used." msgstr "*uuid_generate_time_safe*(3) 函式類似 *uuid_generate_time*(3)，差別在於它會傳回一個用以表示是否已使用任一種同步機制（請見上文）的數值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:71 msgid "The UUID is 16 bytes (128 bits) long, which gives approximately 3.4x10^38 unique values (there are approximately 10^80 elementary particles in the universe according to Carl Sagan's _Cosmos_). The new UUID can reasonably be considered unique among all UUIDs created on the local system, and among UUIDs created on other systems in the past and in the future." msgstr "UUID 長度為 16 位元組（128 位元），可提供約 3.4x10^38 個唯一值（根據卡爾·薩根的《_Cosmos_》，宇宙中約有 10^80 個基本粒子）。新的 UUID 可合理地視為在本機系統所建立的所有 UUID 之間具唯一性，也與過去及未來在其他系統所建立的 UUID 之間具唯一性。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:73 msgid "The *uuid_generate_md5*(3) and *uuid_generate_sha1*(3) functions generate an MD5 and SHA1 hashed (predictable) UUID based on a well-known UUID providing the namespace and an arbitrary binary string. The UUIDs conform to V3 and V5 UUIDs per link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC-4122]." msgstr "*uuid_generate_md5*(3) 與 *uuid_generate_sha1*(3) 函式會以提供命名空間的知名 UUID 與任意的二進位字串為基礎，產生 MD5 與 SHA1 雜湊（可預測）的 UUID。這些 UUID 符合 link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC-4122] 所定義的 V3 與 V5 UUID。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:77 msgid "The newly created UUID is returned in the memory location pointed to by _out_. *uuid_generate_time_safe*(3) returns zero if the UUID has been generated in a safe manner, -1 otherwise." msgstr "新建立的 UUID 會傳回至 _out_ 所指的記憶體位置。若 UUID 已以安全的方式產生，*uuid_generate_time_safe*(3) 會傳回零，否則傳回 -1。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:98 msgid "*uuidgen*(1), *uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3), *uuidd*(8)" msgstr "*uuidgen*(1), *uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3), *uuidd*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_is_null(3)" msgstr "uuid_is_null(3)" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_is_null - compare the value of the UUID to the NULL value" msgstr "uuid_is_null - 比較 UUID 的值與 NULL 值" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:52 msgid "*int uuid_is_null(const uuid_t __uu__);*" msgstr "*int uuid_is_null(const uuid_t __uu__);*" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:56 msgid "The *uuid_is_null*() function compares the value of the supplied UUID variable _uu_ to the NULL value. If the value is equal to the NULL UUID, 1 is returned, otherwise 0 is returned." msgstr "*uuid_is_null*() 函式會比較提供的 UUID 變數 _uu_ 的值與 NULL 值。若該值等於 NULL UUID，則傳回 1，否則傳回 0。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:71 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_parse(3)" msgstr "uuid_parse(3)" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_parse - convert an input UUID string into binary representation" msgstr "uuid_parse - 將輸入的 UUID 字串轉換為二進位表示法" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*int uuid_parse(const char *__in__, uuid_t __uu__);*\n" "*int uuid_parse_range(const char *__in_start__, const char *__in_end__, uuid_t __uu__);*" msgstr "" "*int uuid_parse(const char *__in__, uuid_t __uu__);*\n" "*int uuid_parse_range(const char *__in_start__, const char *__in_end__, uuid_t __uu__);*" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:57 msgid "The *uuid_parse*() function converts the UUID string given by _in_ into the binary representation. The input UUID is a string of the form 1b4e28ba-2fa1-11d2-883f-b9a761bde3fb (in *printf*(3) format \"%08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x\", 36 bytes plus the trailing '\\0')." msgstr "*uuid_parse*() 函式會將 _in_ 提供的 UUID 字串轉換為二進位表示法。輸入的 UUID 是下列形式的字串：1b4e28ba-2fa1-11d2-883f-b9a761bde3fb（*printf*(3) 格式為 \"%08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x\"，36 位元組加上結尾的 '\\0'）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:59 msgid "The *uuid_parse_range*(3) function works like *uuid_parse*() but parses only range in string specified by _in_start_ and _in_end_ pointers." msgstr "*uuid_parse_range*(3) 函式的運作方式類似 *uuid_parse*()，但只解析由 _in_start_ 與 _in_end_ 指標所指定的字串範圍。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:63 msgid "Upon successfully parsing the input string, 0 is returned, and the UUID is stored in the location pointed to by _uu_, otherwise -1 is returned." msgstr "成功解析輸入字串後，會傳回 0，且 UUID 會儲存於 _uu_ 所指的位置，否則傳回 -1。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:67 msgid "This library parses UUIDs compatible with OSF DCE 1.1, and hash based UUIDs V3 and V5 compatible with link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC-4122]." msgstr "此程式庫解析與 OSF DCE 1.1 相容的 UUID，以及與 link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC-4122] 相容的 V3 與 V5 雜湊型 UUID。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:82 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_time(3)" msgstr "uuid_time(3)" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_time - extract the time at which the UUID was created" msgstr "uuid_time - 取出 UUID 建立的時間" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:52 msgid "*time_t uuid_time(const uuid_t __uu__, struct timeval *__ret_tv__)*" msgstr "*time_t uuid_time(const uuid_t __uu__, struct timeval *__ret_tv__)*" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:56 msgid "The *uuid_time*() function extracts the time at which the supplied time-based UUID _uu_ was created. Note that the UUID creation time is only encoded within certain types of UUIDs. This function can only reasonably expect to extract the creation time for UUIDs created with the *uuid_generate_time*(3) and *uuid_generate_time_safe*(3) functions. It may or may not work with UUIDs created by other mechanisms." msgstr "*uuid_time*() 函式會取出提供的時間型 UUID _uu_ 建立的時間。請注意，UUID 的建立時間只會編碼於某些類型的 UUID 中。此函式只能合理地預期取出以 *uuid_generate_time*(3) 與 *uuid_generate_time_safe*(3) 函式所建立的 UUID 的建立時間。對以其他機制建立的 UUID，它可能有效也可能無效。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:60 msgid "The time at which the UUID was created, in seconds since January 1, 1970 GMT (the epoch), is returned (see *time*(2)). The time at which the UUID was created, in seconds and microseconds since the epoch, is also stored in the location pointed to by _ret_tv_ (see *gettimeofday*(2))." msgstr "會傳回 UUID 建立的時間，以自 1970 年 1 月 1 日 GMT（紀元）以來的秒數表示（請見 *time*(2)）。UUID 建立的時間，以自紀元以來的秒數與微秒表示，也會儲存於 _ret_tv_ 所指的位置（請見 *gettimeofday*(2)）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:75 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_unparse(3)" msgstr "uuid_unparse(3)" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_unparse - convert a UUID from binary representation to a string" msgstr "uuid_unparse - 將 UUID 從二進位表示法轉換為字串" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*void uuid_unparse(const uuid_t __uu__, char *__out__);*\n" "*void uuid_unparse_upper(const uuid_t __uu__, char *__out__);*\n" "*void uuid_unparse_lower(const uuid_t __uu__, char *__out__);*" msgstr "" "*void uuid_unparse(const uuid_t __uu__, char *__out__);*\n" "*void uuid_unparse_upper(const uuid_t __uu__, char *__out__);*\n" "*void uuid_unparse_lower(const uuid_t __uu__, char *__out__);*" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:58 msgid "The *uuid_unparse*() function converts the supplied UUID _uu_ from the binary representation into a 36-byte string (plus trailing '\\0') of the form 1b4e28ba-2fa1-11d2-883f-0016d3cca427 and stores this value in the character string pointed to by _out_. The case of the hex digits returned by *uuid_unparse*() may be upper or lower case, and is dependent on the system-dependent local default." msgstr "*uuid_unparse*() 函式會將提供的 UUID _uu_ 從二進位表示法轉換為下列形式的 36 位元組字串（加上結尾的 '\\0'）：1b4e28ba-2fa1-11d2-883f-0016d3cca427，並將此值儲存於 _out_ 所指的字元字串中。*uuid_unparse*() 傳回的十六進位數字大小寫可能皆可，並取決於系統相依的地區預設值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:60 msgid "If the case of the hex digits is important then the functions *uuid_unparse_upper*() and *uuid_unparse_lower*() may be used." msgstr "若十六進位數字的大小寫很重要，則可使用 *uuid_unparse_upper*() 與 *uuid_unparse_lower*() 函式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:64 msgid "This library unparses UUIDs compatible with OSF DCE 1.1." msgstr "此程式庫可將與 OSF DCE 1.1 相容的 UUID 反轉換為字串。" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:79 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3)" msgstr "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:12 #, no-wrap msgid "chfn(1)" msgstr "chfn(1)" #. type: Attribute :man manual: #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:14 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:14 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:22 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:10 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:8 ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:12 #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:4 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:4 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:22 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:11 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:43 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:11 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:12 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:11 #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:10 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:40 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:40 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:8 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:12 #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:10 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:8 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:40 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:29 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:5 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:4 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:27 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:29 ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:14 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:30 #: ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:11 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:40 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:12 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:8 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:4 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:40 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:40 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:4 ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:4 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:13 ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:41 #: ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:43 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:43 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:40 ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:40 #: ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:40 ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:40 #: ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:11 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:43 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:7 ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:40 #: ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:40 ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:18 msgid "User Commands" msgstr "使用者命令" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:22 msgid "chfn - change your finger information" msgstr "chfn - 變更您的 finger 資訊" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:26 msgid "*chfn* [*-f* _full-name_] [*-o* _office_] [*-p* _office-phone_] [*-h* _home-phone_] [*-u*] [*-V*] [_username_|_UID_]" msgstr "*chfn* [*-f* _full-name_] [*-o* _office_] [*-p* _office-phone_] [*-h* _home-phone_] [*-u*] [*-V*] [_username_|_UID_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:30 msgid "*chfn* is used to change your finger information. This information is stored in the _/etc/passwd_ file, and is displayed by the *finger* program. The Linux *finger* command will display four pieces of information that can be changed by *chfn*: your real name, your work room and phone, and your home phone." msgstr "*chfn* 用來變更您的 finger 資訊。這些資訊儲存在 _/etc/passwd_ 檔案中，並由 *finger* 程式顯示。Linux 的 *finger* 命令會顯示四項可由 *chfn* 變更的資訊：您的真實姓名、您的辦公室房間與電話，以及您的家用電話。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:32 msgid "Any of the four pieces of information can be specified on the command line. If no information is given on the command line, *chfn* enters interactive mode." msgstr "這四項資訊的任何一項都可以在命令列指定。若命令列沒有指定任何資訊，*chfn* 會進入互動模式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:34 msgid "In interactive mode, *chfn* will prompt for each field. At a prompt, you can enter the new information, or just press return to leave the field unchanged. Enter the keyword \"none\" to make the field blank." msgstr "在互動模式中，*chfn* 會逐一提示每個欄位。在提示時，您可以輸入新的資訊，或直接按 Enter 讓欄位保持不變。輸入關鍵字 \"none\" 可將欄位清空。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:36 msgid "*chfn* supports non-local entries (kerberos, LDAP, etc.) if linked with libuser, otherwise use *ypchfn*(1), *lchfn*(1) or any other implementation for non-local entries." msgstr "若與 libuser 連結，*chfn* 支援非本機項目（kerberos、LDAP 等），否則對非本機項目請使用 *ypchfn*(1)、*lchfn*(1) 或其他實作。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--full-name* _full-name_" msgstr "*-f*, *--full-name* _full-name_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:41 msgid "Specify your real name." msgstr "指定您的真實姓名。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--office* _office_" msgstr "*-o*, *--office* _office_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:44 msgid "Specify your office room number." msgstr "指定您的辦公室房間號碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--office-phone* _office-phone_" msgstr "*-p*, *--office-phone* _office-phone_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:47 msgid "Specify your office phone number." msgstr "指定您的辦公室電話號碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-h*, *--home-phone* _home-phone_" msgstr "*-h*, *--home-phone* _home-phone_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:50 msgid "Specify your home phone number." msgstr "指定您的家用電話號碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--help*" msgstr "*-u*, *--help*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:57 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:48 msgid "Display version and exit. (Short option *-V* is used since version 2.39; older versions used the now-deprecated *-v*)." msgstr "顯示版本資訊然後結束。（自 2.39 版起使用短選項 *-V*；較舊版本使用現已棄用的 *-v*。）" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:60 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:64 #: ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:189 #, no-wrap msgid "CONFIG FILE ITEMS" msgstr "組態檔案項目" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:63 msgid "*chfn* reads the _/etc/login.defs_ configuration file (see *login.defs*(5)). Note that the configuration file could be distributed with another package (e.g., shadow-utils). The following configuration items are relevant for *chfn*:" msgstr "*chfn* 會讀取 _/etc/login.defs_ 組態檔案（請見 *login.defs*(5)）。請注意，此組態檔案可能隨其他套件（例如 shadow-utils）一起散佈。下列組態項目與 *chfn* 相關：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*CHFN_RESTRICT* _string_" msgstr "*CHFN_RESTRICT* _string_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:67 msgid "Indicate which fields are changeable by *chfn*." msgstr "指出哪些欄位可被 *chfn* 變更。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:69 msgid "The boolean setting *\"yes\"* means that only the _Office_, _Office Phone_ and _Home Phone_ fields are changeable, and boolean setting *\"no\"* means that also the _Full Name_ is changeable." msgstr "布林設定 *\"yes\"* 表示只有 _Office_、_Office Phone_ 與 _Home Phone_ 欄位可變更，而布林設定 *\"no\"* 表示 _Full Name_ 也可變更。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:71 msgid "Another way to specify changeable fields is by abbreviations:" msgstr "另一種指定可變更欄位的方式是使用縮寫：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:73 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "*f*" msgstr "*f*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:74 msgid "Full Name" msgstr "全名" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:76 msgid "Office (room)" msgstr "辦公室（房間）" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*w*" msgstr "*w*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:78 msgid "Office (work) Phone" msgstr "辦公室（工作）電話" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:80 msgid "Home Phone" msgstr "家用電話" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:83 msgid "For example, *CHFN_RESTRICT \"wh\"* allows changing work and home phone numbers." msgstr "例如，*CHFN_RESTRICT \"wh\"* 允許變更工作與家用電話號碼。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:85 msgid "If *CHFN_RESTRICT* is undefined, then all finger information is read-only. This is the default." msgstr "若未定義 *CHFN_RESTRICT*，則所有 finger 資訊皆為唯讀。此為預設行為。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:89 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:60 #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:100 msgid "Returns 0 if operation was successful, 1 if operation failed or command syntax was not valid." msgstr "若操作成功則傳回 0，若操作失敗或命令語法無效則傳回 1。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:94 msgid "mailto:svalente@mit.edu[Salvatore Valente], mailto:cgoesc2@wgu.edu[Christian Goeschel Ndjomouo]" msgstr "mailto:svalente@mit.edu[Salvatore Valente], mailto:cgoesc2@wgu.edu[Christian Goeschel Ndjomouo]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:101 msgid "*chsh*(1), *finger*(1), *login.defs*(5), *passwd*(5)" msgstr "*chsh*(1), *finger*(1), *login.defs*(5), *passwd*(5)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:12 #, no-wrap msgid "chsh(1)" msgstr "chsh(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:22 msgid "chsh - change your login shell" msgstr "chsh - 變更您的登入 shell" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:26 msgid "*chsh* [*-s* _shell_] [*-l*] [*-h*] [*-V*] [_username_|_UID_]" msgstr "*chsh* [*-s* _shell_] [*-l*] [*-h*] [*-V*] [_username_|_UID_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:30 msgid "*chsh* is used to change your login shell. If a shell is not given on the command line, *chsh* prompts for one." msgstr "*chsh* 用來變更您的登入 shell。若命令列未指定 shell，*chsh* 會提示您輸入。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:32 msgid "*chsh* supports non-local entries (kerberos, LDAP, etc.) if linked with libuser, otherwise use *ypchsh*(1), *lchsh*(1) or any other implementation for non-local entries." msgstr "若與 libuser 連結，*chsh* 支援非本機項目（kerberos、LDAP 等），否則對非本機項目請使用 *ypchsh*(1)、*lchsh*(1) 或其他實作。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:35 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:59 #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--shell* _shell_" msgstr "*-s*, *--shell* _shell_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:37 msgid "Specify your login shell." msgstr "指定您的登入 shell。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list-shells*" msgstr "*-l*, *--list-shells*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:40 msgid "Print the list of shells listed in _/etc/shells_ and exit." msgstr "列印 _/etc/shells_ 中所列的 shell 清單然後結束。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:44 msgid "Display help text and exit. (Short option *-h* is used since version 2.30; older versions used the now-deprecated *-u*)." msgstr "顯示說明文字然後結束。（自 2.30 版起使用短選項 *-h*；較舊版本使用現已棄用的 *-u*。）" #. Do not include::man-common/help-version.adoc[] as both -h and -V are already given explicitly above in more detail. #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "VALID SHELLS" msgstr "有效的 shell" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:54 msgid "*chsh* will accept the full pathname of any executable file on the system." msgstr "*chsh* 會接受系統上任何可執行檔的完整路徑名稱。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:56 msgid "The default behavior for non-root users is to accept only shells listed in the _/etc/shells_ file, and issue a warning for root user. It can also be configured at compile-time to only issue a warning for all users." msgstr "對於非 root 使用者，預設行為是只接受 _/etc/shells_ 檔案中列出的 shell，並對 root 使用者發出警告。也可以在編譯時期設定為對所有使用者都只發出警告。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:64 msgid "mailto:svalente@mit.edu[Salvatore Valente]" msgstr "mailto:svalente@mit.edu[Salvatore Valente]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:71 msgid "*login*(1), *login.defs*(5), *passwd*(5), *shells*(5)" msgstr "*login*(1), *login.defs*(5), *passwd*(5), *shells*(5)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:20 #, no-wrap msgid "last(1)" msgstr "last(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:30 msgid "last, lastb - show a listing of last logged in users" msgstr "last, lastb - 顯示最近登入的使用者清單" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:34 msgid "*last* [options] [_username_|_tty_]..." msgstr "*last* [options] [_username_|_tty_]..." #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:36 msgid "*lastb* [options] [_username_|_tty_]..." msgstr "*lastb* [options] [_username_|_tty_]..." #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:44 msgid "*last* searches back through the _/var/log/wtmp_ file (or the file given with the *-f* option) and displays a list of all users who logged in (and out) since that file was created. One or more _usernames_ and/or _ttys_ can be given, in which case *last* will show only the entries matching those arguments. (Names of _ttys_ can be abbreviated, thus *last 0* is the same as *last tty0*.)" msgstr "*last* 會回溯搜尋 _/var/log/wtmp_ 檔案（或 *-f* 選項指定的檔案），並顯示自該檔案建立以來所有登入（與登出）的使用者清單。可以指定一個以上的 _usernames_ 及／或 _ttys_，此時 *last* 只會顯示符合這些引數的項目。（_ttys_ 的名稱可以縮寫，因此 *last 0* 等同於 *last tty0*。）" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:48 msgid "When catching a *SIGINT* or *SIGQUIT* signal, *last* will show how far it has searched through the file, and in case of the *SIGINT* signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually control-C) *last* will then terminate." msgstr "當捕捉到 *SIGINT* 或 *SIGQUIT* 訊號時，*last* 會顯示已搜尋檔案到什麼位置；若為 *SIGINT* 訊號（由中斷鍵產生，通常是 control-C），*last* 隨後會終止。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:50 msgid "The pseudo user *reboot* logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus *last reboot* will show a log of all the reboots since the log file was created." msgstr "每次系統重新開機時，虛擬使用者 *reboot* 都會登入。因此 *last reboot* 會顯示自記錄檔建立以來所有重新開機的記錄。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:52 msgid "*lastb* is the same as *last*, except that by default it shows a log of the _/var/log/btmp_ file, which contains all the bad login attempts." msgstr "*lastb* 與 *last* 相同，差別在於它預設顯示 _/var/log/btmp_ 檔案的記錄，其中包含所有失敗的登入嘗試。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--hostlast*" msgstr "*-a*, *--hostlast*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:57 msgid "Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the *-d* option." msgstr "在最末欄顯示主機名稱。與 *-d* 選項搭配使用很有用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dns*" msgstr "*-d*, *--dns*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:60 msgid "For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote host, but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number back into a hostname." msgstr "對於非本機登入，Linux 不只儲存遠端主機的主機名稱，也儲存其 IP 位址。此選項會將 IP 位址轉換回主機名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:61 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:69 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--file* _file_" msgstr "*-f*, *--file* _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:64 msgid "Tell *last* to use a specific _file_ instead of _/var/log/wtmp_. The *-f* option can be given multiple times, and all of the specified files will be processed." msgstr "指示 *last* 使用特定的 _file_，而不是 _/var/log/wtmp_。*-f* 選項可以指定多次，所有指定的檔案都會被處理。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--fulltimes*" msgstr "*-F*, *--fulltimes*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:67 msgid "Print full login and logout times and dates." msgstr "列印完整的登入與登出時間及日期。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--ip*" msgstr "*-i*, *--ip*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:70 msgid "Like *-d*, but displays the host's IP number instead of the name." msgstr "類似 *-d*，但顯示主機的 IP 位址而不是名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--limit* _number_" msgstr "*-n*, *--limit* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:73 msgid "The maximum amount of logins to show." msgstr "要顯示的登入數目上限。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "**-**_number_" msgstr "**-**_number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:76 msgid "The same as *-n* _number_." msgstr "與 *-n* _number_ 相同。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--present* _time_" msgstr "*-p*, *--present* _time_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:80 msgid "Display the users who were present at the specified _time_. For ways to specify _time_, see the section *TIME FORMATS* below." msgstr "顯示在指定 _time_ 出現的使用者。指定 _time_ 的方式請見下方 *TIME FORMATS*（時間格式）一節。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*-R*, *--nohostname*" msgstr "*-R*, *--nohostname*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:83 msgid "Suppresses the display of the hostname field." msgstr "抑制主機名稱欄位的顯示。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:84 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--since* _time_" msgstr "*-s*, *--since* _time_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:87 msgid "Display the state of logins since the specified _time_. The option can be combined with *-t* to cover a period." msgstr "顯示自指定 _time_ 以來的登入狀態。此選項可與 *-t* 結合以涵蓋一段期間。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--until* _time_" msgstr "*-t*, *--until* _time_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:90 msgid "Display the state of logins until the specified _time_." msgstr "顯示直到指定 _time_ 之前的登入狀態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--tab-separated*" msgstr "*-T*, *--tab-separated*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:93 msgid "Use ASCII *tab* characters to separate the columns in the output instead of spaces." msgstr "在輸出中使用 ASCII *tab*（定位）字元分隔欄位，而不是空格。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:94 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "*--time-format* _format_" msgstr "*--time-format* _format_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:101 msgid "Define the appearance of the timestamp to be one of: *notime*, *short*, *full*, or *iso*. The *notime* variant will not print any timestamps at all, *short* is the default, and *full* is the same as the *--fulltimes* option. The *iso* variant will display the timestamp in ISO-8601 format. The ISO format contains timezone information, making it preferable when printouts are investigated outside of the system." msgstr "定義時間戳記的顯示方式，可為下列之一：*notime*、*short*、*full* 或 *iso*。*notime* 變體完全不列印任何時間戳記，*short* 是預設值，而 *full* 等同於 *--fulltimes* 選項。*iso* 變體會以 ISO-8601 格式顯示時間戳記。ISO 格式包含時區資訊，因此在系統外檢視輸出內容時較為理想。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:102 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--fullnames*" msgstr "*-w*, *--fullnames*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:107 msgid "Display full user names and domain names / IP addresses. When this option is not specified, user names are truncated to 8 characters, and domain names and IP addresses to 16 characters. An asterisk is shown as the last character of truncated fields." msgstr "顯示完整的使用者名稱與網域名稱／IP 位址。未指定此選項時，使用者名稱會截斷為 8 個字元，網域名稱與 IP 位址截斷為 16 個字元。截斷欄位的最後一個字元會顯示星號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--system*" msgstr "*-x*, *--system*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:110 msgid "Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes." msgstr "顯示系統關機項目與執行層級變更。" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "TIME FORMATS" msgstr "時間格式" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:116 msgid "The argument _time_ allows the following forms:" msgstr "_time_ 引數允許下列形式：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" " YYYYMMDDhhmmss\n" " \"YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss\"\n" " \"YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm\" (seconds is 00)\n" " YYYY-MM-DD (time is 00:00:00)\n" " hh:mm:ss (date is today)\n" " hh:mm (date is today, seconds is 00)\n" " now\n" " today (time is 00:00:00)\n" " yesterday (time is 00:00:00)\n" " -number[smhd] (seconds/minutes/hours/days before now)\n" msgstr "" " YYYYMMDDhhmmss\n" " \"YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss\"\n" " \"YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm\" （秒為 00）\n" " YYYY-MM-DD （時間為 00:00:00）\n" " hh:mm:ss （日期為今天）\n" " hh:mm （日期為今天，秒為 00）\n" " now\n" " today （時間為 00:00:00）\n" " yesterday （時間為 00:00:00）\n" " -number[smhd] （now 之前的秒/分/時/日）\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:130 msgid "Examples of the **-**_number_[*smhd*] format are: *-5m*, *-6h*, *-2d*. The unit specifier may be longer: *-5min*, *-6hours*, *-2days*." msgstr "**-**_number_[*smhd*] 格式的範例有：*-5m*、*-6h*、*-2d*。單位指定符可以更長：*-5min*、*-6hours*、*-2days*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:135 msgid "_/var/log/wtmp_, _/var/log/btmp_" msgstr "_/var/log/wtmp_, _/var/log/btmp_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:139 msgid "The files _wtmp_ and _btmp_ might not be found. The system only logs information in these files if they are present. This is a local configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be created with a simple *touch*(1) command (for example, *touch /var/log/wtmp*)." msgstr "可能找不到 _wtmp_ 與 _btmp_ 檔案。系統只有在這些檔案存在時才會在它們之中記錄資訊。這是本機組態的問題。若您希望使用這些檔案，可用簡單的 *touch*(1) 命令建立它們（例如 *touch /var/log/wtmp*）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:141 msgid "An empty entry is a valid type of wtmp entry. It means that an empty file or file with zeros is not interpreted as an error." msgstr "空的項目是合法的 wtmp 項目類型。這表示空的檔案或全為零的檔案不會被視為錯誤。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:143 msgid "The utmp file format uses fixed sizes of strings, which means that very long strings are impossible to store in the file and impossible to display by *last*. The usual limits are 32 bytes for a user and line name and 256 bytes for a hostname." msgstr "utmp 檔案格式使用固定大小的字串，這表示非常長的字串無法儲存於檔案中，也無法由 *last* 顯示。一般限制為使用者與行的名稱 32 位元組，主機名稱 256 位元組。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:147 msgid "mailto:miquels@cistron.nl[Miquel van Smoorenburg]" msgstr "mailto:miquels@cistron.nl[Miquel van Smoorenburg]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:154 msgid "*login*(1), *wtmp*(5), *init*(8), *shutdown*(8)" msgstr "*login*(1), *wtmp*(5), *init*(8), *shutdown*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "login(1)" msgstr "login(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:18 msgid "login - begin session on the system" msgstr "login - 在系統上開始作業階段" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:22 msgid "*login* [*-p*] [*-s* _shell_] [*-h* _host_] [*-H*] [[*-f*] _username_|_UID_]" msgstr "*login* [*-p*] [*-s* _shell_] [*-h* _host_] [*-H*] [[*-f*] _username_|_UID_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:26 msgid "*login* is used when signing onto a system. If no argument is given, *login* prompts for the username." msgstr "*login* 用於登入系統。若未給定引數，*login* 會提示輸入使用者名稱。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:28 msgid "The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate. Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password. Only a number of password failures are permitted before *login* exits and the communications link is severed. See *LOGIN_RETRIES* in the *CONFIG FILE ITEMS* section." msgstr "然後在使用者名稱適當處提示輸入密碼。為防止密碼外洩，會停用回應顯示。在 *login* 結束並切斷通訊連結之前，只允許一定次數的密碼失敗。請見 *CONFIG FILE ITEMS*（組態檔案項目）一節中的 *LOGIN_RETRIES*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:30 msgid "If password aging has been enabled for the account, the user may be prompted for a new password before proceeding. In such a case, the old password must be provided and the new password entered before continuing. Please refer to *passwd*(1) for more information." msgstr "若帳戶已啟用密碼期限，使用者可能會在繼續前被提示輸入新密碼。在此情況下，必須先提供舊密碼並輸入新密碼才能繼續。更多資訊請參閱 *passwd*(1)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:32 msgid "The user and group ID will be set according to their values in the _/etc/passwd_ file. There is one exception if the user ID is zero. In this case, only the primary group ID of the account is set. This should allow the system administrator to login even in case of network problems. The environment variable values for *$HOME*, *$USER*, *$SHELL*, *$PATH*, *$LOGNAME*, and *$MAIL* are set according to the appropriate fields in the password entry. *$PATH* defaults to _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_ for normal users, and to _/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin_ for root, if not otherwise configured." msgstr "使用者與群組 ID 會依照 _/etc/passwd_ 檔案中的值設定。若使用者 ID 為零則有一個例外，此時只會設定帳戶的主要群組 ID。這應該能讓系統管理員即使在網路發生問題時也能登入。*$HOME*、*$USER*、*$SHELL*、*$PATH*、*$LOGNAME* 與 *$MAIL* 等環境變數值會依照密碼項目中對應的欄位設定。若未另行設定，*$PATH* 對一般使用者預設為 _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_，對 root 則預設為 _/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:34 msgid "The environment variable *$TERM* will be preserved, if it exists, else it will be initialized to the terminal type on your tty. The environment variables *$COLORTERM* and *$NO_COLOR* will be preserved if they exist." msgstr "環境變數 *$TERM* 若存在會被保留，否則會初始化為您 tty 上的終端機類型。環境變數 *$COLORTERM* 與 *$NO_COLOR* 若存在也會被保留。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:36 msgid "Other environment variables are preserved if the *-p* option is given or if *LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST* defined in _/etc/login.defs_ (see below)." msgstr "若指定 *-p* 選項，或 _/etc/login.defs_ 中定義了 *LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST*（請見下文），則其他環境變數會被保留。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:38 msgid "The environment variables defined by PAM are always preserved." msgstr "由 PAM 定義的環境變數一律會被保留。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:40 msgid "Then the user's shell is started. If no shell is specified for the user with *-s* or in _/etc/passwd_, then _/bin/sh_ is used. If the specified shell contains a space, it is treated as a shell script. If there is no home directory specified in _/etc/passwd_, then _/_ is used, followed by _.hushlogin_ check as described below." msgstr "然後使用者的 shell 會被啟動。若未以 *-s* 或 _/etc/passwd_ 為使用者指定 shell，則會使用 _/bin/sh_。若指定的 shell 包含空格，則會被視為 shell 指令碼。若 _/etc/passwd_ 中未指定家目錄，則使用 _/_，接著依下文所述進行 _.hushlogin_ 檢查。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:42 msgid "If the file _.hushlogin_ exists, then a \"quiet\" login is performed. This disables the checking of mail and the printing of the last login time and message of the day. Otherwise, if _/var/log/lastlog_ exists, the last login time is printed, and the current login is recorded." msgstr "若存在 _.hushlogin_ 檔案，則會執行「安靜」登入。這會停用郵件檢查，以及上次登入時間與當日訊息（message of the day）的列印。否則，若 _/var/log/lastlog_ 存在，會列印上次登入時間，並記錄目前的登入。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:47 msgid "Used by *getty*(8) to tell *login* to preserve the environment. See also *LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST* config file item." msgstr "由 *getty*(8) 用來指示 *login* 保留環境。另請參見 *LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST* 組態檔案項目。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:48 ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:96 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*" msgstr "*-f*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:50 msgid "Used to skip a login authentication. This option is usually used by the *getty*(8) autologin feature." msgstr "用來略過登入驗證。此選項通常由 *getty*(8) 的自動登入功能使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-h*" msgstr "*-h*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:53 msgid "Used by other servers (such as *telnetd*(8) to pass the name of the remote host to *login* so that it can be placed in utmp and wtmp. Only the superuser is allowed use this option." msgstr "由其他伺服器（例如 *telnetd*(8)）用來將遠端主機的名稱傳遞給 *login*，以便放入 utmp 與 wtmp 中。只有超級使用者（superuser）可以使用此選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:55 msgid "Note that the *-h* option has an impact on the *PAM service* *name*. The standard service name is _login_, but with the *-h* option, the name is _remote_. It is necessary to create proper PAM config files (for example, _/etc/pam.d/login_ and _/etc/pam.d/remote_)." msgstr "請注意，*-h* 選項會影響 *PAM 服務*的 *名稱*。標準服務名稱是 _login_，但使用 *-h* 選項時，名稱是 _remote_。必須建立合適的 PAM 組態檔案（例如 _/etc/pam.d/login_ 與 _/etc/pam.d/remote_）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-H*" msgstr "*-H*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:58 msgid "Used by other servers (for example, *telnetd*(8)) to tell *login* that printing the hostname should be suppressed in the login: prompt. See also *LOGIN_PLAIN_PROMPT* below." msgstr "由其他伺服器（例如 *telnetd*(8)）用來指示 *login* 在 login：提示中抑制主機名稱的列印。另請參見下文 *LOGIN_PLAIN_PROMPT*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:61 msgid "Specify a _shell_, other than the one defined in _/etc/passwd_, to log in to." msgstr "指定要登入的 _shell_，而非 _/etc/passwd_ 中定義的 shell。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:67 msgid "*login* reads the _/etc/login.defs_ configuration file (see *login.defs*(5)). Note that the configuration file could be distributed with another package (usually shadow-utils). The following configuration items are relevant for *login*:" msgstr "*login* 會讀取 _/etc/login.defs_ 組態檔案（請見 *login.defs*(5)）。請注意，此組態檔案可能隨其他套件（通常是 shadow-utils）一起散佈。下列組態項目與 *login* 相關：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*MOTD_FILE* (string)" msgstr "*MOTD_FILE* (string)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:70 msgid "Specifies a \":\" delimited list of \"message of the day\" files and directories to be displayed upon login. If the specified path is a directory then displays all files with .motd file extension in version-sort order from the directory." msgstr "指定以 \":\" 分隔的「當日訊息」（message of the day）檔案與目錄清單，於登入時顯示。若指定的路徑是目錄，則依版本排序顯示該目錄中所有具有 .motd 副檔名的檔案。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:72 msgid "The default value is _/usr/share/misc/motd:/run/motd:/etc/motd_. If the *MOTD_FILE* item is empty or a quiet login is enabled, then the message of the day is not displayed. Note that the same functionality is also provided by the *pam_motd*(8) PAM module." msgstr "預設值是 _/usr/share/misc/motd:/run/motd:/etc/motd_。若 *MOTD_FILE* 項目為空，或已啟用安靜登入，則不會顯示當日訊息。請注意，*pam_motd*(8) PAM 模組也提供相同的功能。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:74 msgid "The directories in the *MOTD_FILE* are supported since version 2.36." msgstr "自 2.36 版起支援 *MOTD_FILE* 中的目錄。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:76 msgid "Note that *login* does not implement any filenames overriding behavior like pam_motd (see also *MOTD_FIRSTONLY*), but all content from all files is displayed. It is recommended to keep extra logic in content generators and use _/run/motd.d_ rather than rely on overriding behavior hardcoded in system tools." msgstr "請注意，*login* 不像 pam_motd 那樣實作任何檔名覆寫行為（另請參見 *MOTD_FIRSTONLY*），而是顯示所有檔案中的所有內容。建議將額外邏輯保留在內容產生器中，並使用 _/run/motd.d_，而不要依賴寫死在系統工具中的覆寫行為。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*MOTD_FIRSTONLY* (boolean)" msgstr "*MOTD_FIRSTONLY* (boolean)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:80 msgid "Forces *login* to stop display content specified by *MOTD_FILE* after the first accessible item in the list. Note that a directory is one item in this case. This option allows *login* semantics to be configured to be more compatible with pam_motd. The default value is _no_." msgstr "強制 *login* 在顯示完 *MOTD_FILE* 指定的內容中清單的第一個可取用項目後停止。請注意，在此情況下，一個目錄算一個項目。此選項允許將 *login* 的語意設定為與 pam_motd 更相容。預設值是 _no_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST* (string)" msgstr "*LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST* (string)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:84 msgid "Forces *login* to protect the specified environment variables if *-p* is not used. The string value is a comma-separated list of variable names. For example: \"LANG,LC_MESSAGES,LC_COLLATE\". The safelist is ignored for the environment variables HOME, SHELL and USER." msgstr "若未使用 *-p*，強制 *login* 保護指定的環境變數。字串值是以逗號分隔的變數名稱清單。例如：\"LANG,LC_MESSAGES,LC_COLLATE\"。對於 HOME、SHELL 與 USER 等環境變數，會忽略此安全清單。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:85 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:194 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_PLAIN_PROMPT* (boolean)" msgstr "*LOGIN_PLAIN_PROMPT* (boolean)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:88 msgid "Tell *login* that printing the hostname should be suppressed in the login: prompt. This is an alternative to the *-H* command line option. The default value is _no_." msgstr "指示 *login* 在 login：提示中抑制主機名稱的列印。這是 *-H* 命令列選項的替代方案。預設值是 _no_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_TIMEOUT* (number)" msgstr "*LOGIN_TIMEOUT* (number)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:92 msgid "Maximum time in seconds for login. The default value is _60_." msgstr "登入的最大時間（秒）。預設值是 _60_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_RETRIES* (number)" msgstr "*LOGIN_RETRIES* (number)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:96 msgid "Maximum number of login retries in case of a bad password. The default value is _3_." msgstr "密碼錯誤時允許的登入重試次數上限。預設值是 _3_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_KEEP_USERNAME* (boolean)" msgstr "*LOGIN_KEEP_USERNAME* (boolean)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:100 msgid "Tell *login* to only re-prompt for the password if authentication failed, but the username is valid. The default value is _no_." msgstr "指示 *login* 僅在驗證失敗但使用者名稱有效時，重新提示輸入密碼。預設值是 _no_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:101 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "*FAIL_DELAY* (number)" msgstr "*FAIL_DELAY* (number)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:104 msgid "Delay in seconds before being allowed another three tries after a login failure. The default value is _5_." msgstr "登入失敗後，允許再嘗試三次之前的延遲時間（秒）。預設值是 _5_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "*TTYPERM* (string)" msgstr "*TTYPERM* (string)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:108 msgid "The terminal permissions. The default value is _0600_ or _0620_ if tty group is used. See also *mesg*(1)." msgstr "終端機的權限。預設值是 _0600_；若使用 tty 群組則為 _0620_。另請參見 *mesg*(1)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*TTYGROUP* (string)" msgstr "*TTYGROUP* (string)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:112 msgid "The login tty will be owned by the *TTYGROUP*. The default value is _tty_. If the *TTYGROUP* does not exist, then the ownership of the terminal is set to the user's primary group." msgstr "登入用的 tty 將由 *TTYGROUP* 擁有。預設值是 _tty_。若 *TTYGROUP* 不存在，則終端機的擁有者會設為使用者的主要群組。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:114 msgid "The *TTYGROUP* can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier. See also *mesg*(1)." msgstr "*TTYGROUP* 可以是群組名稱或數字的群組識別碼。另請參見 *mesg*(1)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:115 #, no-wrap msgid "*HUSHLOGIN_FILE* (string)" msgstr "*HUSHLOGIN_FILE* (string)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:118 msgid "If defined, this file can inhibit all the usual chatter during the login sequence. If a full pathname (for example, _/etc/hushlogins_) is specified, then hushed mode will be enabled if the user's name or shell are found in the file. If this global hush login file is empty then the hushed mode will be enabled for all users." msgstr "若有定義，此檔案可以抑制登入程序中的一切常見訊息輸出。若指定完整路徑名稱（例如 _/etc/hushlogins_），則當檔案中找到使用者的名稱或 shell 時，會啟用安靜模式。若此全域安靜登入檔案為空，則所有使用者都會啟用安靜模式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:120 msgid "If a full pathname is not specified, then hushed mode will be enabled if the file exists in the user's home directory." msgstr "若未指定完整路徑名稱，則當檔案存在於使用者的家目錄時，會啟用安靜模式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:122 msgid "The default is to check _/etc/hushlogins_ and if it does not exist then _~/.hushlogin_." msgstr "預設會檢查 _/etc/hushlogins_，若不存在則檢查 _~/.hushlogin_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:124 msgid "If the *HUSHLOGIN_FILE* item is empty, then all the checks are disabled." msgstr "若 *HUSHLOGIN_FILE* 項目為空，則所有檢查都會停用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:125 #, no-wrap msgid "*DEFAULT_HOME* (boolean)" msgstr "*DEFAULT_HOME* (boolean)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:128 msgid "Indicate if login is allowed if we cannot change directory to the home directory. If set to _yes_, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to change directory to their home. The default value is _yes_." msgstr "指出若無法切換目錄到家目錄時，是否仍允許登入。若設為 _yes_，則當使用者無法切換目錄到自己的家目錄時，會在根目錄（/）中登入。預設值是 _yes_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:129 #, no-wrap msgid "*LASTLOG_UID_MAX* (unsigned number)" msgstr "*LASTLOG_UID_MAX* (unsigned number)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:132 msgid "Highest user ID number for which the _lastlog_ entries should be updated. As higher user IDs are usually tracked by remote user identity and authentication services there is no need to create a huge sparse _lastlog_ file for them. No LASTLOG_UID_MAX option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing _lastlog_ entries. The default value is _ULONG_MAX_." msgstr "應更新 _lastlog_ 項目的最高使用者 ID 編號。由於較高的使用者 ID 通常由遠端使用者身分與驗證服務追蹤，因此不需要為它們建立龐大的稀疏 _lastlog_ 檔案。組態中沒有 LASTLOG_UID_MAX 選項表示寫入 _lastlog_ 項目時沒有使用者 ID 上限。預設值是 _ULONG_MAX_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:133 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB* (boolean)" msgstr "*LOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB* (boolean)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:136 msgid "Enable display of unknown usernames when login failures are recorded. The default value is _no_." msgstr "在記錄登入失敗時，啟用未知使用者名稱的顯示。預設值是 _no_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:138 msgid "Note that logging unknown usernames may be a security issue if a user enters their password instead of their login name." msgstr "請注意，若使用者誤將密碼輸入在登入名稱處，記錄未知使用者名稱可能會造成安全性問題。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:139 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:97 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "*ENV_PATH* (string)" msgstr "*ENV_PATH* (string)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:142 msgid "If set, it will be used to define the *PATH* environment variable when a regular user logs in. The default value is _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_." msgstr "若已設定，當一般使用者登入時，會用它定義 *PATH* 環境變數。預設值是 _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:143 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:100 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "*ENV_ROOTPATH* (string)" msgstr "*ENV_ROOTPATH* (string)" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:144 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:101 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:114 #, no-wrap msgid "*ENV_SUPATH* (string)" msgstr "*ENV_SUPATH* (string)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:147 msgid "If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser logs in. *ENV_ROOTPATH* takes precedence. The default value is _/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin_." msgstr "若已設定，當超級使用者登入時，會用它定義 PATH 環境變數。*ENV_ROOTPATH* 優先使用。預設值是 _/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:148 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_SHELL_FALLBACK* (boolean)" msgstr "*LOGIN_SHELL_FALLBACK* (boolean)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:151 msgid "If set to _yes_, login will provide a valid shell from _/etc/shells_ when the shell specified in _/etc/passwd_ is invalid or inaccessible due to administrative errors. This ensures users can still log in. However, it may bypass intended shell restrictions, potentially causing unexpected behavior if the fallback shell differs from the configured one." msgstr "若設為 _yes_，當 _/etc/passwd_ 中指定的 shell 因管理錯誤而無效或無法存取時，login 會從 _/etc/shells_ 提供有效的 shell。這可確保使用者仍能登入。不過，這可能會繞過原本的 shell 限制，若後備 shell 與設定的 shell 不同，可能導致未預期的行為。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:165 msgid "_/var/run/utmp_, _/var/log/wtmp_, _/var/log/lastlog_, _/var/spool/mail/*_, _/etc/motd_, _/etc/passwd_, _/etc/nologin_, _/etc/pam.d/login_, _/etc/pam.d/remote_, _/etc/hushlogins_, _$HOME/.hushlogin_" msgstr "_/var/run/utmp_, _/var/log/wtmp_, _/var/log/lastlog_, _/var/spool/mail/*_, _/etc/motd_, _/etc/passwd_, _/etc/nologin_, _/etc/pam.d/login_, _/etc/pam.d/remote_, _/etc/hushlogins_, _$HOME/.hushlogin_" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:166 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:336 #, no-wrap msgid "CREDENTIALS" msgstr "憑證" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:169 msgid "*login* supports configuration via systemd credentials (see https://systemd.io/CREDENTIALS/). *login* reads the following systemd credentials:" msgstr "*login* 支援透過 systemd 憑證進行組態（請見 https://systemd.io/CREDENTIALS/）。*login* 會讀取下列 systemd 憑證：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "*login.noauth* (boolean)" msgstr "*login.noauth* (boolean)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:173 msgid "If set, configures *login* to skip login authentication, similarly to the *-f* option." msgstr "若設定此項，會將 *login* 設定為略過登入驗證，類似 *-f* 選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:177 msgid "The undocumented BSD *-r* option is not supported. This may be required by some *rlogind*(8) programs." msgstr "不支援文件中未記載的 BSD *-r* 選項。某些 *rlogind*(8) 程式可能需要它。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:179 msgid "A recursive login, as used to be possible in the good old days, no longer works; for most purposes *su*(1) is a satisfactory substitute. Indeed, for security reasons, *login* does a *vhangup*(2) system call to remove any possible listening processes on the tty. This is to avoid password sniffing. If one uses the command *login*, then the surrounding shell gets killed by *vhangup*(2) because it's no longer the true owner of the tty. This can be avoided by using *exec login* in a top-level shell or xterm." msgstr "過去在美好的舊日時光中可能辦到的遞迴登入，如今已無法運作；就大多數用途而言，*su*(1) 是令人滿意的替代方案。確實，基於安全考量，*login* 會執行 *vhangup*(2) 系統呼叫，以移除 tty 上任何可能存在的監聽處理程序。這是為了避免密碼側錄。若使用 *login* 命令，外圍的 shell 會被 *vhangup*(2) 終止，因為它不再是 tty 的真正擁有者。在頂層 shell 或 xterm 中使用 *exec login* 可以避免這種情況。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:183 msgid "Derived from BSD login 5.40 (5/9/89) by mailto:glad@daimi.dk[Michael Glad] for HP-UX. Ported to Linux 0.12: mailto:poe@daimi.aau.dk[Peter Orbaek]. Rewritten to a PAM-only version by mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "由 mailto:glad@daimi.dk[Michael Glad] 為 HP-UX 所衍生的 BSD login 5.40 (5/9/89)。移植到 Linux 0.12：mailto:poe@daimi.aau.dk[Peter Orbaek]。由 mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak] 改寫為僅使用 PAM 的版本。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:195 msgid "*mail*(1), *passwd*(1), *passwd*(5), *utmp*(5), *environ*(7), *getty*(8), *init*(8), *lastlog*(8), *shutdown*(8)" msgstr "*mail*(1), *passwd*(1), *passwd*(5), *utmp*(5), *environ*(7), *getty*(8), *init*(8), *lastlog*(8), *shutdown*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "lslogins(1)" msgstr "lslogins(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:17 msgid "lslogins - display information about known users in the system" msgstr "lslogins - 顯示系統中已知使用者的資訊" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:21 msgid "*lslogins* [options] [*-s*|*-u*[**=**_UID_]] [*-g* _groups_] [*-l* _logins_] [_username_]" msgstr "*lslogins* [options] [*-s*|*-u*[**=**_UID_]] [*-g* _groups_] [*-l* _logins_] [_username_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:25 msgid "Examine the wtmp and btmp logs, _/etc/shadow_ (if necessary) and _/passwd_ and output the desired data." msgstr "檢查 wtmp 與 btmp 記錄、_/etc/shadow_（如有必要）與 _/passwd_，並輸出所需的資料。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:27 msgid "The optional argument _username_ forces *lslogins* to print all available details about the specified user only. In this case the output format is different than in case of *-l* or *-g* and unknown is _username_ reported as an error." msgstr "選用的 _username_ 引數會強制 *lslogins* 只列印指定使用者的所有可用詳細資料。在此情況下，輸出格式與 *-l* 或 *-g* 的情況不同，且未知的 _username_ 會報告為錯誤。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:29 msgid "The default action is to list info about all the users in the system." msgstr "預設動作是列出系統中所有使用者的資訊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:33 msgid "Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too." msgstr "長選項的必填引數對短選項同樣必填。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--acc-expiration*" msgstr "*-a*, *--acc-expiration*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:36 msgid "Display data about the date of last password change and the account expiration date (see *shadow*(5) for more info). (Requires root privileges.)" msgstr "顯示上次密碼變更日期與帳戶到期日期的相關資料（更多資訊請見 *shadow*(5)）。（需要 root 權限。）" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*--btmp-file* _path_" msgstr "*--btmp-file* _path_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:39 msgid "Alternate path for btmp." msgstr "btmp 的替代路徑。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--colon-separate*" msgstr "*-c*, *--colon-separate*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:42 msgid "Separate info about each user with a colon instead of a newline." msgstr "以冒號分隔每位使用者的資訊，而不是換行。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:43 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--export*" msgstr "*-e*, *--export*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:45 msgid "Output data in the format of NAME=VALUE. See also option *--shell*." msgstr "以 NAME=VALUE 的格式輸出資料。另請參見 *--shell* 選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--failed*" msgstr "*-f*, *--failed*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:48 msgid "Display data about the users' last failed login attempts." msgstr "顯示使用者上次失敗登入嘗試的相關資料。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-G*, *--supp-groups*" msgstr "*-G*, *--supp-groups*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:51 msgid "Show information about supplementary groups." msgstr "顯示附屬群組的相關資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--groups* _groups_" msgstr "*-g*, *--groups* _groups_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:54 msgid "Only show data of users belonging to _groups_. More than one group may be specified; the list has to be comma-separated. Unknown group names are ignored." msgstr "只顯示屬於 _groups_ 的使用者資料。可以指定一個以上的群組；清單必須以逗號分隔。未知的群組名稱會被忽略。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:56 msgid "Note that the relation between user and group may be invisible for the primary group if the user is not explicitly specified as group member (e.g., in _/etc/group_). If the command *lslogins* scans for groups then it uses the groups database only, and the user database with primary GID is not used at all." msgstr "請注意，若使用者未明確指定為群組成員（例如在 _/etc/group_ 中），使用者與主要群組之間的關係可能看不見。若 *lslogins* 命令掃描群組，則只會使用群組資料庫，完全不會使用含主要 GID 的使用者資料庫。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-L*, *--last*" msgstr "*-L*, *--last*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:59 msgid "Display data containing information about the users' last login sessions." msgstr "顯示包含使用者上次登入作業階段資訊的資料。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--logins* _logins_" msgstr "*-l*, *--logins* _logins_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:62 msgid "Only show data of users with a login specified in _logins_ (user names or user IDs). More than one login may be specified; the list has to be comma-separated. Unknown login names are ignored." msgstr "只顯示登入名稱在 _logins_ 中（使用者名稱或使用者 ID）指定的使用者資料。可以指定一個以上的登入；清單必須以逗號分隔。未知的登入名稱會被忽略。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:63 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--newline*" msgstr "*-n*, *--newline*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:65 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:73 msgid "Display each piece of information on a separate line." msgstr "將每一項資訊顯示在單獨的一行。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:66 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:74 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:45 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*--noheadings*" msgstr "*--noheadings*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:68 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:111 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:94 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:52 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:58 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:68 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:76 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:78 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:49 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:47 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:33 msgid "Do not print a header line." msgstr "不要列印標題行。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:69 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:63 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*--notruncate*" msgstr "*--notruncate*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:71 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:79 msgid "Don't truncate output." msgstr "不要截斷輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:74 msgid "Specify which output columns to print. The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _+list_." msgstr "指定要列印哪些輸出欄位。若以 _+list_ 的格式指定 _list_，則可擴充預設的欄位清單。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:77 msgid "Output all available columns. *--list-columns* to get a list of all supported columns." msgstr "輸出所有可用的欄位。使用 *--list-columns* 可取得所有受支援欄位的清單。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:78 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:117 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:67 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:45 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:40 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:71 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-H*, *--list-columns*" msgstr "*-H*, *--list-columns*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:81 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:120 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:70 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:48 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:43 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:40 msgid "List the columns that can be specified with the *--output* option. Can be used with *--json* or *--raw* to get the list in a machine-readable format." msgstr "列出可用 *--output* 選項指定的欄位。可與 *--json* 或 *--raw* 搭配使用，以機器可讀的格式取得清單。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pwd*" msgstr "*-p*, *--pwd*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:84 msgid "Display information related to login by password (see also *-afL*)." msgstr "顯示與密碼登入相關的資訊（另請參見 *-afL*）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:87 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:88 msgid "Raw output (no columnation)." msgstr "原始輸出（不分欄）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:88 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:47 #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:59 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:85 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:74 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:33 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:47 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:53 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:74 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:44 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:121 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:78 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:65 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:38 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:73 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:41 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:28 #, no-wrap msgid "*-J*, *--json*" msgstr "*-J*, *--json*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:90 msgid "JSON format output." msgstr "JSON 格式的輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--system-accs*" msgstr "*-s*, *--system-accs*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:95 msgid "Show system accounts. These are by default all accounts with a UID between 101 and 999 (inclusive), with the exception of either nobody or nfsnobody (UID 65534). This hardcoded default may be overridden by the parameters *SYS_UID_MIN* and *SYS_UID_MAX* in the file _/etc/login.defs_." msgstr "顯示系統帳戶。預設為所有 UID 介於 101 到 999（含）之間的帳戶，但 nobody 或 nfsnobody（UID 65534）除外。此寫死的預設值可由 _/etc/login.defs_ 檔案中的 *SYS_UID_MIN* 與 *SYS_UID_MAX* 參數覆寫。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:96 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*--time-format* _type_" msgstr "*--time-format* _type_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:98 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:94 msgid "Display dates in short, full or iso format. The default is short, this time format is designed to be space efficient and human readable." msgstr "以 short、full 或 iso 格式顯示日期。預設為 short，此時間格式設計為節省空間且易於閱讀。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--user-accs*" msgstr "*-u*, *--user-accs*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:103 msgid "Show user accounts. These are by default all accounts with a UID above 1000 (inclusive), with the exception of either nobody or nfsnobody (UID 65534). This hardcoded default may be overridden by the parameters *UID_MIN* and *UID_MAX* in the file _/etc/login.defs_." msgstr "顯示使用者帳戶。預設為所有 UID 高於 1000（含）的帳戶，但 nobody 或 nfsnobody（UID 65534）除外。此寫死的預設值可由 _/etc/login.defs_ 檔案中的 *UID_MIN* 與 *UID_MAX* 參數覆寫。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*--wtmp-file* _path_" msgstr "*--wtmp-file* _path_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:108 msgid "Alternate path for wtmp." msgstr "wtmp 的替代路徑。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*--lastlog-file* _path_" msgstr "*--lastlog-file* _path_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:111 msgid "Alternate path for *lastlog*(8)." msgstr "*lastlog*(8) 的替代路徑。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:112 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:206 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:182 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:98 #, no-wrap msgid "*-y*, *--shell*" msgstr "*-y*, *--shell*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:114 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:100 msgid "The column name will be modified to contain only characters allowed for shell variable identifiers. This is usable, for example, with *--export*. Note that this feature has been automatically enabled for *--export* in version 2.37, but due to compatibility issues, now it's necessary to request this behavior by *--shell*." msgstr "欄位名稱會被修改為只包含 shell 變數識別碼允許的字元。例如，這可與 *--export* 搭配使用。請注意，此功能在 2.37 版已自動為 *--export* 啟用，但由於相容性問題，現在必須透過 *--shell* 要求此行為。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:115 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Z*, *--context*" msgstr "*-Z*, *--context*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:117 msgid "Display the users' security context." msgstr "顯示使用者的安全內容（security context）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:118 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--print0*" msgstr "*-z*, *--print0*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:120 msgid "Delimit user entries with a nul character, instead of a newline." msgstr "以 nul 字元分隔使用者項目，而不是換行。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:125 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:109 msgid "if OK," msgstr "若一切正常，" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:126 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:115 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:128 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:212 #: ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:78 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:310 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "1" msgstr "1" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:128 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:112 msgid "if incorrect arguments specified," msgstr "若指定的引數不正確，" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:129 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:313 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "2" msgstr "2" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:131 msgid "if a serious error occurs (e.g., a corrupt log)." msgstr "若發生嚴重錯誤（例如記錄檔損毀）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:135 msgid "The default UID thresholds are read from _/etc/login.defs_." msgstr "預設的 UID 臨界值會從 _/etc/login.defs_ 讀取。" #. type: Title === #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:136 #, no-wrap msgid "Password status" msgstr "密碼狀態" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:139 msgid "Multiple fields describe password status." msgstr "多個欄位描述密碼狀態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "*\"Password is locked\"*" msgstr "*「密碼已鎖定」*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:142 msgid "The password is prefixed by '!!', and the user cannot login although the password is set or empty. This is common for new accounts without a set password." msgstr "密碼前面加上 '!!'，且即使密碼已設定或為空，使用者仍無法登入。這在未設定密碼的新帳戶中很常見。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "*\"Password not required (empty)\"*" msgstr "*「不需要密碼（為空）」*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:145 msgid "The password is not set (hash is missing); this is common for locked system accounts. Not requiring a password does not mean the user can log-in without a password. It depends on the password \"lock\" status." msgstr "密碼未設定（缺少雜湊值）；鎖定的系統帳號常見這種情況。不需要密碼並不表示使用者可以在沒有密碼的情況下登入；這取決於密碼「鎖定」的狀態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:146 #, no-wrap msgid "*\"Login by password disabled\"*" msgstr "*「以密碼登入已停用」*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:148 msgid "'yes' means that there is no valid password. The password hash is missing, or the hash method is unknown or contains invalid chars." msgstr "'yes' 表示沒有有效的密碼。密碼雜湊值遺失，或雜湊方法未知或包含無效字元。" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:153 ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:59 #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:141 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:159 #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:70 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:766 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:187 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:94 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:143 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:116 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1790 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:107 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:121 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:214 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:207 ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:110 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:154 ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:79 #: ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:80 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:125 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:68 ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:65 #: ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:262 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:207 #: ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "HISTORY" msgstr "沿革" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:156 msgid "The *lslogins* utility is inspired by the *logins* utility, which first appeared in FreeBSD 4.10." msgstr "*lslogins* 工具是受 *logins* 工具啟發而來的，*logins* 首次出現於 FreeBSD 4.10。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:161 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:124 msgid "mailto:ooprala@redhat.com[Ondrej Oprala], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:ooprala@redhat.com[Ondrej Oprala]、mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:168 msgid "*group*(5), *passwd*(5), *shadow*(5), *utmp*(5)" msgstr "*group*(5)、*passwd*(5)、*shadow*(5)、*utmp*(5)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "newgrp(1)" msgstr "newgrp(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:20 msgid "newgrp - log in to a new group" msgstr "newgrp - 登入到新的群組" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:24 msgid "*newgrp* [_group_ [_command_]]" msgstr "*newgrp* [_group_ [_command_]]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:26 msgid "*newgrp* [*-c* _command_] [_group_]" msgstr "*newgrp* [*-c* _command_] [_group_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:30 msgid "*newgrp* changes the group identification of its caller, analogously to *login*(1). The same person remains logged in, and the current directory is unchanged, but calculations of access permissions to files are performed with respect to the new group ID." msgstr "*newgrp* 會變更呼叫者的群組識別，與 *login*(1) 類似。使用者仍維持登入狀態，目前目錄也不會變更，但對檔案存取權限的判定會以新的群組 ID 為準。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:32 msgid "If no group is specified, the GID is changed to the login GID." msgstr "如果未指定群組，GID 會變更為登入 GID。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:34 msgid "An optional command can be specified, which is invoked after group change instead of the user's shell." msgstr "可以指定一個選擇性的命令，在群組變更後執行，以取代使用者的 shell。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--command*=__command__" msgstr "*-c*, *--command*=__command__" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:39 msgid "Pass _command_ to the user's shell with the *-c* option." msgstr "使用 *-c* 選項將 _command_ 傳給使用者的 shell。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:46 msgid "_/etc/group_, _/etc/passwd_" msgstr "_/etc/group_, _/etc/passwd_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:50 msgid "Originally by Michael Haardt. Currently maintained by mailto:poe@daimi.aau.dk[Peter Orbaek]." msgstr "由 Michael Haardt 原創。目前由 mailto:poe@daimi.aau.dk[Peter Orbaek] 維護。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:55 msgid "*login*(1), *group*(5)" msgstr "*login*(1)、*group*(5)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "nologin(8)" msgstr "nologin(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:12 msgid "nologin - politely refuse a login" msgstr "nologin - 委婉地拒絕登入" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:16 msgid "*nologin* [*-V*] [*-h*]" msgstr "*nologin* [*-V*] [*-h*]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:20 msgid "*nologin* displays a message that an account is not available and exits non-zero. It is intended as a replacement shell field to deny login access to an account." msgstr "*nologin* 會顯示帳號無法使用的訊息，並以非零狀態結束。它是設計用來取代 shell 欄位的程式，藉以拒絕帳號的登入存取。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:22 msgid "If the file _/etc/nologin.txt_ exists, *nologin* displays its contents to the user instead of the default message." msgstr "如果存在 _/etc/nologin.txt_ 檔案，*nologin* 會向使用者顯示其內容，而不是預設訊息。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:24 msgid "The exit status returned by *nologin* is always 1." msgstr "*nologin* 回傳的結束狀態永遠是 1。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:28 ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:26 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:58 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:71 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--command* _command_" msgstr "*-c*, *--command* _command_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:30 msgid "*--init-file*" msgstr "*--init-file*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:32 msgid "*-i* *--interactive*" msgstr "*-i* *--interactive*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:34 msgid "*--init-file* _file_" msgstr "*--init-file* _file_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:36 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--interactive*" msgstr "*-i*, *--interactive*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:38 msgid "*-l*, *--login*" msgstr "*-l*, *--login*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:40 msgid "*--noprofile*" msgstr "*--noprofile*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:42 msgid "*--norc*" msgstr "*--norc*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:44 msgid "*--posix*" msgstr "*--posix*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:46 msgid "*--rcfile* _file_" msgstr "*--rcfile* _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:48 msgid "*-r*, *--restricted*" msgstr "*-r*, *--restricted*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:50 msgid "These shell command-line options are ignored to avoid *nologin* error." msgstr "這些 shell 命令列選項會被忽略，以避免 *nologin* 出錯。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:56 msgid "*nologin* is a per-account way to disable login (usually used for system accounts like http or ftp). *nologin* uses _/etc/nologin.txt_ as an optional source for a non-default message, the login access is always refused independently of the file." msgstr "*nologin* 是以帳號為單位停用登入的方式（通常用於 http 或 ftp 等系統帳號）。*nologin* 使用 _/etc/nologin.txt_ 作為非預設訊息的選用來源，無論該檔案是否存在，登入存取一律會被拒絕。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:58 msgid "*pam_nologin*(8) PAM module usually prevents all non-root users from logging into the system. *pam_nologin*(8) functionality is controlled by _/var/run/nologin_ or the _/etc/nologin_ file." msgstr "*pam_nologin*(8) PAM 模組通常會防止所有非 root 使用者登入系統。*pam_nologin*(8) 的功能由 _/var/run/nologin_ 或 _/etc/nologin_ 檔案控制。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:62 msgid "The *nologin* command appeared in 4.4BSD." msgstr "*nologin* 命令出現於 4.4BSD。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:72 msgid "*login*(1), *passwd*(5), *pam_nologin*(8)" msgstr "*login*(1)、*passwd*(5)、*pam_nologin*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "runuser(1)" msgstr "runuser(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:12 msgid "runuser - run a command with substitute user and group ID" msgstr "runuser - 以替代的使用者與群組 ID 執行命令" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:16 msgid "*runuser* [options] *-u* _user_ [[--] _command_ [_argument_...]]" msgstr "*runuser* [options] *-u* _user_ [[--] _command_ [_argument_...]]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:18 msgid "*runuser* [options] [*-*] [_user_ [_argument_...]]" msgstr "*runuser* [options] [*-*] [_user_ [_argument_...]]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:22 msgid "*runuser* can be used to run commands with a substitute user and group ID. If the option *-u* is not given, *runuser* falls back to *su*-compatible semantics and a shell is executed. The difference between the commands *runuser* and *su* is that *runuser* does not ask for a password (because it may be executed by the root user only) and it uses a different PAM configuration. The command *runuser* does not have to be installed with set-user-ID permissions." msgstr "*runuser* 可用來以替代的使用者與群組 ID 執行命令。如果未指定 *-u* 選項，*runuser* 會退回 *su* 相容的語意並執行 shell。*runuser* 與 *su* 命令之間的差異在於 *runuser* 不會要求輸入密碼（因為它只能由 root 使用者執行），而且它使用不同的 PAM 組態。*runuser* 命令不需要以 set-user-ID 權限安裝。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:24 msgid "If the PAM session is not required, then the recommended solution is to use the *setpriv*(1) command." msgstr "如果不需要 PAM 工作階段，建議的解決方案是使用 *setpriv*(1) 命令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:26 msgid "When called without arguments, *runuser* defaults to running an interactive shell as _root_." msgstr "在不帶引數呼叫時，*runuser* 預設以 _root_ 身分執行互動式 shell。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:28 msgid "For backward compatibility, *runuser* defaults to not changing the current directory and to setting only the environment variables *HOME* and *SHELL* (plus *USER* and *LOGNAME* if the target _user_ is not root). This version of *runuser* uses PAM for session management." msgstr "為了向後相容，*runuser* 預設不變更目前目錄，只設定 *HOME* 與 *SHELL* 環境變數（若目標 _user_ 不是 root 則再加上 *USER* 與 *LOGNAME*）。這個版本的 *runuser* 使用 PAM 進行工作階段管理。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:30 msgid "Note that *runuser* in all cases use PAM (*pam_getenvlist*(3)) to do the final environment modification. Command-line options such as *--login* and *--preserve-environment* affect the environment before it is modified by PAM." msgstr "請注意 *runuser* 在所有情況下都會使用 PAM（*pam_getenvlist*(3)）進行最終的環境變更。*--login* 與 *--preserve-environment* 等命令列選項會在 PAM 修改環境之前先影響環境。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:32 msgid "Since version 2.38 *runuser* resets process resource limits RLIMIT_NICE, RLIMIT_RTPRIO, RLIMIT_FSIZE, RLIMIT_AS and RLIMIT_NOFILE." msgstr "自 2.38 版本起，*runuser* 會重設處理程序的資源限制：RLIMIT_NICE、RLIMIT_RTPRIO、RLIMIT_FSIZE、RLIMIT_AS 與 RLIMIT_NOFILE。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--command*=_command_" msgstr "*-c*, *--command*=_command_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:38 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:39 msgid "Pass _command_ to the shell with the *-c* option. Creates a new session via *setsid*(2). Refer to *--session-command* to keep the same session." msgstr "使用 *-c* 選項將 _command_ 傳給 shell。會透過 *setsid*(2) 建立新的工作階段。若要維持相同的工作階段，請參閱 *--session-command*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:39 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--fast*" msgstr "*-f*, *--fast*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:41 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:42 msgid "Pass *-f* to the shell, which may or may not be useful, depending on the shell." msgstr "將 *-f* 傳給 shell，視 shell 而定，這可能有幫助也可能沒有。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--group*=_group_" msgstr "*-g*, *--group*=_group_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:44 msgid "The primary group to be used. This option is allowed for the root user only." msgstr "要使用的主要群組。只有 root 使用者才能使用這個選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-G*, *--supp-group*=_group_" msgstr "*-G*, *--supp-group*=_group_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:47 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:48 msgid "Specify a supplementary group. This option is available to the root user only. The first specified supplementary group is also used as a primary group if the option *--group* is not specified." msgstr "指定一個補充群組。只有 root 使用者可以使用這個選項。如果未指定 *--group* 選項，所指定的第一個補充群組也會用作主要群組。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:48 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-*, *-l*, *--login*" msgstr "*-*, *-l*, *--login*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:50 msgid "Start the shell as a login shell with an environment similar to a real login:" msgstr "以登入 shell 啟動 shell，環境與真實登入類似：" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:52 msgid "clears all the environment variables except for *TERM*, *COLORTERM*, *NO_COLOR* and variables specified by *--whitelist-environment*" msgstr "清除所有環境變數，但 *TERM*、*COLORTERM*、*NO_COLOR* 與 *--whitelist-environment* 指定的變數除外" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:53 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:61 msgid "initializes the environment variables *HOME*, *SHELL*, *USER*, *LOGNAME*, and *PATH*" msgstr "初始化 *HOME*、*SHELL*、*USER*、*LOGNAME* 與 *PATH* 環境變數" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:54 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:62 msgid "changes to the target user's home directory" msgstr "切換到目標使用者的家目錄" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:55 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:63 msgid "sets argv[0] of the shell to '*-*' in order to make the shell a login shell" msgstr "將 shell 的 argv[0] 設為 '*-*'，以便讓 shell 成為登入 shell" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:56 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *-p*, *--preserve-environment*" msgstr "*-m*, *-p*, *--preserve-environment*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:58 msgid "Preserve the entire environment, i.e., do not set *HOME*, *SHELL*, *USER* or *LOGNAME*. The option is ignored if the option *--login* is specified." msgstr "保留整個環境，也就是不設定 *HOME*、*SHELL*、*USER* 或 *LOGNAME*。如果指定了 *--login* 選項，則此選項會被忽略。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:59 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--pty*" msgstr "*-P*, *--pty*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:62 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:70 msgid "Create a pseudo-terminal for the session. The independent terminal provides better security as the user does not share a terminal with the original session. Please note security advice about TIOCSTI vulnerability below." msgstr "為工作階段建立虛擬終端機。獨立的終端機提供較佳的安全，因為使用者不會與原先的工作階段共用終端機。請注意下面關於 TIOCSTI 弱點的安全建議。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:64 msgid "The entire session can also be moved to the background (e.g., *runuser --pty* *-u* _user_ *--* _command_ *&*). If the pseudo-terminal is enabled, then *runuser* works as a proxy between the sessions (sync stdin and stdout)." msgstr "整個工作階段也可以移到背景執行（例如 *runuser --pty* *-u* _user_ *--* _command_ *&*）。如果啟用了虛擬終端機，*runuser* 就會在工作階段之間充當代理（同步 stdin 與 stdout）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:66 msgid "This feature is mostly designed for interactive sessions. If the standard input is not a terminal, but for example a pipe (e.g., *echo \"date\" | runuser --pty -u* _user_), then the *ECHO* flag for the pseudo-terminal is disabled to avoid messy output." msgstr "此功能主要用於互動式工作階段。如果標準輸入不是終端機，而是例如 pipe（例如 *echo \"date\" | runuser --pty -u* _user_），則會停用虛擬終端機的 *ECHO* 旗標，以避免輸出雜亂。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--shell*=_shell_" msgstr "*-s*, *--shell*=_shell_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:69 msgid "Run the specified _shell_ instead of the default. The shell to run is selected according to the following rules, in order:" msgstr "執行指定的 _shell_ 而非預設的 shell。要執行的 shell 依下列規則依序選定：" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:71 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:81 msgid "the shell specified with *--shell*" msgstr "以 *--shell* 指定的 shell" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:72 msgid "the shell specified in the environment variable *SHELL* if the *--preserve-environment* option is used" msgstr "在使用 *--preserve-environment* 選項時，由 *SHELL* 環境變數指定的 shell" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:73 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:83 msgid "the shell listed in the passwd entry of the target user" msgstr "在目標使用者的 passwd 條目中所列的 shell" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:74 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:84 msgid "/bin/sh" msgstr "/bin/sh" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:76 msgid "If the target user has a restricted shell (i.e., not listed in _/etc/shells_), then the *--shell* option and the *SHELL* environment variables are ignored unless the calling user is root." msgstr "如果目標使用者具有受限的 shell（也就是未列在 _/etc/shells_ 中），則除非呼叫的使用者是 root，否則會忽略 *--shell* 選項與 *SHELL* 環境變數。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:77 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "**--session-command=**__command__" msgstr "**--session-command=**__command__" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:80 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:88 msgid "Same as *-c*, but do not create a new session. (Discouraged.) Please note security advice about TIOCSTI vulnerability below." msgstr "與 *-c* 相同，但不建立新的工作階段。（不建議使用。）請注意下面關於 TIOCSTI 弱點的安全建議。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:81 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--no-pty*" msgstr "*-T*, *--no-pty*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:84 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:92 msgid "Do not create a pseudo-terminal, opposite of *--pty* and *-P*. Please note security advice about TIOCSTI vulnerability below." msgstr "不建立虛擬終端機，與 *--pty* 和 *-P* 相反。請注意下面關於 TIOCSTI 弱點的安全建議。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--user*=_user_" msgstr "*-u*, *--user*=_user_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:87 msgid "Run _command_ with the effective user ID and group ID of the user name _user_." msgstr "以使用者名稱 _user_ 的有效使用者 ID 與群組 ID 執行 _command_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--whitelist-environment*=_list_" msgstr "*-w*, *--whitelist-environment*=_list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:90 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:95 msgid "Don't reset the environment variables specified in the comma-separated _list_ when clearing the environment for *--login*. The whitelist is ignored for the environment variables *HOME*, *SHELL*, *USER*, *LOGNAME*, and *PATH*." msgstr "在為 *--login* 清除環境時，不要重設在以逗號分隔的 _list_ 中所指定的環境變數。對 *HOME*、*SHELL*、*USER*、*LOGNAME* 與 *PATH* 環境變數會忽略此白名單。" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:93 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:102 #, no-wrap msgid "CONFIG FILES" msgstr "組態檔" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:96 msgid "*runuser* reads the _/etc/default/runuser_ and _/etc/login.defs_ configuration files. The following configuration items are relevant for *runuser*:" msgstr "*runuser* 會讀取 _/etc/default/runuser_ 與 _/etc/login.defs_ 組態檔。下列組態項目與 *runuser* 相關：" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:99 msgid "Defines the PATH environment variable for a regular user. The default value is _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_." msgstr "為一般使用者定義 PATH 環境變數。預設值為 _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:103 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:116 msgid "Defines the *PATH* environment variable for root. *ENV_SUPATH* takes precedence. The default value is _/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin_." msgstr "為 root 定義 *PATH* 環境變數。*ENV_SUPATH* 優先。預設值為 _/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:104 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:117 #, no-wrap msgid "*ALWAYS_SET_PATH* (boolean)" msgstr "*ALWAYS_SET_PATH*（布林值）" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:106 msgid "If set to _yes_ and *--login* and *--preserve-environment* were not specified *runuser* initializes *PATH*." msgstr "如果設為 _yes_，且未指定 *--login* 與 *--preserve-environment*，則 *runuser* 會初始化 *PATH*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:108 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:121 msgid "The environment variable *PATH* may be different on systems where _/bin_ and _/sbin_ are merged into _/usr_; this variable is also affected by the *--login* command-line option and the PAM system setting (e.g., *pam_env*(8))." msgstr "在 _/bin_ 與 _/sbin_ 已合併到 _/usr_ 的系統上，*PATH* 環境變數可能不同；此變數也會受到 *--login* 命令列選項與 PAM 系統設定（例如 *pam_env*(8)）的影響。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:112 msgid "*runuser* normally returns the exit status of the command it executed. If the command was killed by a signal, *runuser* returns the number of the signal plus 128." msgstr "*runuser* 通常會回傳它所執行命令的結束狀態。如果命令被訊號終止，*runuser* 會回傳該訊號的號碼加 128。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:114 msgid "Exit status generated by *runuser* itself:" msgstr "由 *runuser* 本身產生的結束狀態：" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:117 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:130 msgid "Generic error before executing the requested command" msgstr "在執行要求的命令之前發生的一般性錯誤" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:117 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:130 #, no-wrap msgid "126" msgstr "126" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:119 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:132 msgid "The requested command could not be executed" msgstr "無法執行要求的命令" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:119 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:132 #, no-wrap msgid "127" msgstr "127" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:121 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:134 msgid "The requested command was not found" msgstr "找不到要求的命令" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:125 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/pam.d/runuser_" msgstr "_/etc/pam.d/runuser_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:127 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:139 msgid "default PAM configuration file" msgstr "預設的 PAM 組態檔" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:128 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/pam.d/runuser-l_" msgstr "_/etc/pam.d/runuser-l_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:130 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:142 msgid "PAM configuration file if *--login* is specified" msgstr "在指定 *--login* 時的 PAM 組態檔" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/default/runuser_" msgstr "_/etc/default/runuser_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:133 msgid "runuser specific logindef config file" msgstr "runuser 專用的 logindef 組態檔" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:134 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:146 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/login.defs_" msgstr "_/etc/login.defs_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:136 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:148 msgid "global logindef config file" msgstr "全域的 logindef 組態檔" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:137 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "SECURITY NOTES" msgstr "安全注意事項" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:140 msgid "If *runuser* shares a terminal with the original session, it is potentially vulnerable to privilege escalation through TIOCSTI/TIOCLINUX ioctl command injection. There are two built-in ways to prevent this: Either you can use *runuser* with the *-c* option, which starts a new session via *setsid*(2) without a controlling terminal. Or, if your use case requires a controlling terminal, for example an interactive session, you can instruct *runuser* to use a pseudo terminal with the *--pty* or *-P* option." msgstr "如果 *runuser* 與原先的工作階段共用終端機，它便可能容易受到透過 TIOCSTI/TIOCLINUX ioctl 命令注入的權限提升攻擊。有兩種內建的防範方式：你可以搭配 *-c* 選項使用 *runuser*，它會透過 *setsid*(2) 在沒有控制終端機的情況下建立新的工作階段。或者，如果你的使用情境需要控制終端機（例如互動式工作階段），你可以指示 *runuser* 使用 *--pty* 或 *-P* 選項建立虛擬終端機。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:144 msgid "This *runuser* command was derived from coreutils' *su*, which was based on an implementation by David MacKenzie, and the Fedora *runuser* command by Dan Walsh." msgstr "這個 *runuser* 命令衍生自 coreutils 的 *su*（其基礎是 David MacKenzie 的實作），以及 Dan Walsh 的 Fedora *runuser* 命令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:152 msgid "*setpriv*(1), *su*(1), *login.defs*(5), *shells*(5), *pam*(8)" msgstr "*setpriv*(1)、*su*(1)、*login.defs*(5)、*shells*(5)、*pam*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "su(1)" msgstr "su(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:13 msgid "su - run a command with substitute user and group ID" msgstr "su - 以替代的使用者與群組 ID 執行命令" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:17 msgid "*su* [options] [*-*] [_user_|_UID_ [_argument_...]]" msgstr "*su* [options] [*-*] [_user_|_UID_ [_argument_...]]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:21 msgid "*su* allows commands to be run with a substitute user and group ID." msgstr "*su* 允許以替代的使用者與群組 ID 執行命令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:23 msgid "When called with no _user_ specified, *su* defaults to running an interactive shell as _root_. When _user_ is specified, additional __argument__s can be supplied, in which case they are passed to the shell." msgstr "在未指定 _user_ 呼叫時，*su* 預設以 _root_ 身分執行互動式 shell。指定 _user_ 時，也可以提供額外的 __argument__，此時它們會被傳給 shell。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:25 msgid "For backward compatibility, *su* defaults to not change the current directory and to only set the environment variables *HOME* and *SHELL* (plus *USER* and *LOGNAME* if the target _user_ is not root). It is recommended to always use the *--login* option (instead of its shortcut *-*) to avoid side effects caused by mixing environments." msgstr "為了向後相容，*su* 預設不變更目前目錄，只設定 *HOME* 與 *SHELL* 環境變數（若目標 _user_ 不是 root 則再加上 *USER* 與 *LOGNAME*）。建議一律使用 *--login* 選項（而非其捷徑 *-*），以避免混合環境所造成的副作用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:27 msgid "This version of *su* uses PAM for authentication, account and session management. Some configuration options found in other *su* implementations, such as support for a wheel group, have to be configured via PAM." msgstr "這個版本的 *su* 使用 PAM 進行驗證、帳號與工作階段管理。其他 *su* 實作中的某些組態選項（例如對 wheel 群組的支援）必須透過 PAM 設定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:29 msgid "*su* is mostly designed for unprivileged users, the recommended solution for privileged users (e.g., scripts executed by root) is to use non-set-user-ID command *runuser*(1) that does not require authentication and provides separate PAM configuration. If the PAM session is not required at all then the recommended solution is to use command *setpriv*(1)." msgstr "*su* 主要是為無特權的使用者設計的；對有特權的使用者（例如由 root 執行的指令碼），建議改用不需要驗證且提供獨立 PAM 組態的非 set-user-ID 命令 *runuser*(1)。如果完全不需要 PAM 工作階段，建議改用 *setpriv*(1) 命令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:31 msgid "Note that *su* in all cases uses PAM (*pam_getenvlist*(3)) to do the final environment modification. Command-line options such as *--login* and *--preserve-environment* affect the environment before it is modified by PAM." msgstr "請注意 *su* 在所有情況下都會使用 PAM（*pam_getenvlist*(3)）進行最終的環境變更。*--login* 與 *--preserve-environment* 等命令列選項會在 PAM 修改環境之前先影響環境。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:33 msgid "Since version 2.38 *su* resets process resource limits RLIMIT_NICE, RLIMIT_RTPRIO, RLIMIT_FSIZE, RLIMIT_AS and RLIMIT_NOFILE." msgstr "自 2.38 版本起，*su* 會重設處理程序的資源限制：RLIMIT_NICE、RLIMIT_RTPRIO、RLIMIT_FSIZE、RLIMIT_AS 與 RLIMIT_NOFILE。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--command* __command__" msgstr "*-c*, *--command* __command__" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--group* __group__" msgstr "*-g*, *--group* __group__" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:45 msgid "Specify the primary group. This option is available to the root user only." msgstr "指定主要群組。只有 root 使用者可以使用這個選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-G*, *--supp-group* __group__" msgstr "*-G*, *--supp-group* __group__" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:51 msgid "Start the shell as a login shell with an environment similar to a real login." msgstr "以登入 shell 啟動 shell，環境與真實登入類似。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:56 msgid "Note that on *systemd*(1)-based systems, a new session may be defined as a real entry point to the system. However, *su* does not create a real session (by PAM) from this point of view. You need to use tools like *systemd-run*(1) or *machinectl*(1) to initiate a complete, real session." msgstr "請注意，在基於 *systemd*(1) 的系統上，新工作階段可能被定義為系統的真實進入點。然而，*su* 從這個觀點來看並不會建立真實的工作階段（建立的工作階段由 PAM 負責）。你需要使用 *systemd-run*(1) 或 *machinectl*(1) 之類的工具來啟動完整、真實的工作階段。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:58 msgid "*su* does:" msgstr "*su* 會做：" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:60 msgid "clears all the environment variables except *TERM*, *COLORTERM*, *NO_COLOR* and variables specified by *--whitelist-environment*" msgstr "清除所有環境變數，但 *TERM*、*COLORTERM*、*NO_COLOR* 與 *--whitelist-environment* 指定的變數除外" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:66 msgid "Preserve the entire environment, i.e., do not set *HOME*, *SHELL*, *USER* or *LOGNAME*. This option is ignored if the option *--login* is specified." msgstr "保留整個環境，也就是不設定 *HOME*、*SHELL*、*USER* 或 *LOGNAME*。如果指定了 *--login* 選項，則此選項會被忽略。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:72 msgid "The entire session can also be moved to the background (e.g., *su --pty* **-** __user__ *-c* _application_ *&*). If the pseudo-terminal is enabled, then *su* works as a proxy between the sessions (sync stdin and stdout)." msgstr "整個工作階段也可以移到背景執行（例如 *su --pty* **-** __user__ *-c* _application_ *&*）。如果啟用了虛擬終端機，*su* 就會在工作階段之間充當代理（同步 stdin 與 stdout）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:74 msgid "This feature is mostly designed for interactive sessions. If the standard input is not a terminal, but for example a pipe (e.g., *echo \"date\" | su --pty*), then the *ECHO* flag for the pseudo-terminal is disabled to avoid messy output." msgstr "此功能主要用於互動式工作階段。如果標準輸入不是終端機，而是例如 pipe（例如 *echo \"date\" | su --pty*），則會停用虛擬終端機的 *ECHO* 旗標，以避免輸出雜亂。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--shell* __shell__" msgstr "*-s*, *--shell* __shell__" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:77 msgid "Run the specified _shell_ instead of the default. If the target user has a restricted shell (i.e., not listed in _/etc/shells_), the *--shell* option and the *SHELL* environment variables are ignored unless the calling user is root." msgstr "執行指定的 _shell_ 而非預設的 shell。如果目標使用者具有受限的 shell（也就是未列在 _/etc/shells_ 中），則除非呼叫的使用者是 root，否則會忽略 *--shell* 選項與 *SHELL* 環境變數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:79 msgid "The shell to run is selected according to the following rules, in order:" msgstr "要執行的 shell 依下列規則依序選定：" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:82 msgid "the shell specified in the environment variable *SHELL*, if the *--preserve-environment* option is used" msgstr "在使用 *--preserve-environment* 選項時，由 *SHELL* 環境變數指定的 shell" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--whitelist-environment* __list__" msgstr "*-w*, *--whitelist-environment* __list__" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:98 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:126 #, no-wrap msgid "SIGNALS" msgstr "訊號" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:101 msgid "Upon receiving either *SIGINT*, *SIGQUIT* or *SIGTERM*, *su* terminates its child and afterwards terminates itself with the received signal. The child is terminated by *SIGTERM*, after unsuccessful attempt and 2 seconds of delay the child is killed by *SIGKILL*." msgstr "在收到 *SIGINT*、*SIGQUIT* 或 *SIGTERM* 時，*su* 會終止其子處理程序，之後再以收到的訊號終止自己。子處理程序先以 *SIGTERM* 終止；若嘗試失敗，在延遲 2 秒後會以 *SIGKILL* 終止子處理程序。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:106 msgid "*su* reads the _/etc/default/su_ and _/etc/login.defs_ configuration files. The following configuration items are relevant for *su*{colon}" msgstr "*su* 會讀取 _/etc/default/su_ 與 _/etc/login.defs_ 組態檔。下列組態項目與 *su*{colon} 相關" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:109 msgid "Delay in seconds in case of an authentication failure. The number must be a non-negative integer." msgstr "驗證失敗時的延遲秒數。此數字必須是非負整數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:112 msgid "Defines the *PATH* environment variable for a regular user. The default value is _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_." msgstr "為一般使用者定義 *PATH* 環境變數。預設值為 _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:119 msgid "If set to _yes_ and *--login* and *--preserve-environment* were not specified *su* initializes *PATH*." msgstr "如果設為 _yes_，且未指定 *--login* 與 *--preserve-environment*，則 *su* 會初始化 *PATH*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:125 msgid "*su* normally returns the exit status of the command it executed. If the command was killed by a signal, *su* returns the number of the signal plus 128." msgstr "*su* 通常會回傳它所執行命令的結束狀態。如果命令被訊號終止，*su* 會回傳該訊號的號碼加 128。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:127 msgid "Exit status generated by *su* itself:" msgstr "由 *su* 本身產生的結束狀態：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/pam.d/su_" msgstr "_/etc/pam.d/su_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/pam.d/su-l_" msgstr "_/etc/pam.d/su-l_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/default/su_" msgstr "_/etc/default/su_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:145 msgid "command specific logindef config file" msgstr "命令專用的 logindef 組態檔" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:152 msgid "If *su* shares a terminal with the original session, it is potentially vulnerable to privilege escalation through TIOCSTI/TIOCLINUX ioctl command injection. There are two built-in ways to prevent this: Either you can use *su* with the *-c* option, which starts a new session via *setsid*(2) without a controlling terminal. Or, if your use case requires a controlling terminal, for example an interactive session, you can instruct *su* to use a pseudo terminal with the *--pty* or *-P* option." msgstr "如果 *su* 與原先的工作階段共用終端機，它便可能容易受到透過 TIOCSTI/TIOCLINUX ioctl 命令注入的權限提升攻擊。有兩種內建的防範方式：你可以搭配 *-c* 選項使用 *su*，它會透過 *setsid*(2) 在沒有控制終端機的情況下建立新的工作階段。或者，如果你的使用情境需要控制終端機（例如互動式工作階段），你可以指示 *su* 使用 *--pty* 或 *-P* 選項建立虛擬終端機。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:154 msgid "For security reasons, *su* always logs failed log-in attempts to the _btmp_ file, but it does not write to the _lastlog_ file at all. This solution can be used to control *su* behavior by PAM configuration. If you want to use the *pam_lastlog*(8) module to print warning message about failed log-in attempts then *pam_lastlog*(8) has to be configured to update the _lastlog_ file as well. For example by:" msgstr "基於安全考量，*su* 一律將失敗的登入嘗試記錄到 _btmp_ 檔案，但完全不會寫入 _lastlog_ 檔案。可以藉由 PAM 組態來控制 *su* 的這種行為。如果你想使用 *pam_lastlog*(8) 模組來印出關於失敗登入嘗試的警告訊息，則 *pam_lastlog*(8) 也必須設定為同時更新 _lastlog_ 檔案。例如透過：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:157 msgid "session required pam_lastlog.so nowtmp" msgstr "session required pam_lastlog.so nowtmp" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:162 msgid "This *su* command was derived from coreutils' *su*, which was based on an implementation by David MacKenzie. The util-linux version has been refactored by Karel Zak." msgstr "這個 *su* 命令衍生自 coreutils 的 *su*（其基礎是 David MacKenzie 的實作）。util-linux 版本已由 Karel Zak 重構。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:170 msgid "*setpriv*(1), *login.defs*(5), *shells*(5), *pam*(8), *runuser*(1)" msgstr "*setpriv*(1)、*login.defs*(5)、*shells*(5)、*pam*(8)、*runuser*(1)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:21 #, no-wrap msgid "sulogin(8)" msgstr "sulogin(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:32 msgid "sulogin - single-user login" msgstr "sulogin - 單人模式登入" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:36 msgid "*sulogin* [options] [_tty_]" msgstr "*sulogin* [options] [_tty_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:40 msgid "*sulogin* is invoked by *init* when the system goes into single-user mode." msgstr "當系統進入單人模式時，*sulogin* 會被 *init* 呼叫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:42 msgid "The user is prompted:" msgstr "系統會提示使用者：" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:44 msgid "Give root password for system maintenance (or type Control-D for normal startup):" msgstr "為系統維護輸入 root 密碼（或輸入 Control-D 進行正常開機）：" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:46 msgid "If the root account is locked and *--force* is specified, no password is required." msgstr "如果 root 帳號已鎖定且指定了 *--force*，則不需要密碼。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:48 msgid "*sulogin* will be connected to the current terminal, or to the optional _tty_ device that can be specified on the command line (typically _/dev/console_)." msgstr "*sulogin* 會連接到目前的終端機，或是連接至可在命令列上指定的選用 _tty_ 裝置（通常是 _/dev/console_）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:50 msgid "When the user exits from the single-user shell, or presses control-D at the prompt, the system will continue to boot." msgstr "當使用者離開單人模式 shell，或在提示符處按下 control-D，系統就會繼續開機。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--force*" msgstr "*-e*, *--force*" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {asterisk} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:55 msgid "If the default method of obtaining the root password from the system via *getpwnam*(3) fails, then examine _/etc/passwd_ and _/etc/shadow_ to get the password. If these files are damaged or nonexistent, or when root account is locked by '!' or '{asterisk}' at the begin of the password then *sulogin* will *start a root shell without asking for a password*." msgstr "如果透過 *getpwnam*(3) 從系統取得 root 密碼的預設方法失敗，則會檢查 _/etc/passwd_ 與 _/etc/shadow_ 以取得密碼。如果這些檔案已損毀或不存在，或者 root 帳號因密碼開頭有 '!' 或 '{asterisk}' 而被鎖定，則 *sulogin* 會*在不詢問密碼的情況下啟動 root shell*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:58 msgid "Only use the *-e* option if you are sure the console is physically protected against unauthorized access." msgstr "只有在確定主控台已經過實體保護、不會遭到未授權存取時，才使用 *-e* 選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--login-shell*" msgstr "*-p*, *--login-shell*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:61 msgid "Specifying this option causes *sulogin* to start the shell process as a login shell." msgstr "指定此選項會讓 *sulogin* 以登入 shell 的方式啟動 shell 處理程序。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:62 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--timeout* _seconds_" msgstr "*-t*, *--timeout* _seconds_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:64 msgid "Specify the maximum amount of time to wait for user input. By default, *sulogin* will wait forever." msgstr "指定等待使用者輸入的最長時間。預設情況下，*sulogin* 會永遠等待。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:70 msgid "*sulogin* looks for the environment variable *SUSHELL* or *sushell* to determine what shell to start. If the environment variable is not set, it will try to execute root's shell from _/etc/passwd_. If that fails, it will fall back to _/bin/sh_." msgstr "*sulogin* 會尋找 *SUSHELL* 或 *sushell* 環境變數，以決定要啟動哪個 shell。如果該環境變數未設定，它會嘗試從 _/etc/passwd_ 執行 root 的 shell。如果失敗，則會退回 _/bin/sh_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:74 msgid "*sulogin* was written by Miquel van Smoorenburg for sysvinit and later ported to util-linux by Dave Reisner and Karel Zak." msgstr "*sulogin* 由 Miquel van Smoorenburg 為 sysvinit 撰寫，後來由 Dave Reisner 與 Karel Zak 移植到 util-linux。" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:20 #, no-wrap msgid "utmpdump(1)" msgstr "utmpdump(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:30 msgid "utmpdump - dump UTMP and WTMP files in raw format" msgstr "utmpdump - 以原始格式傾印 UTMP 與 WTMP 檔案" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:34 msgid "*utmpdump* [options] _filename_" msgstr "*utmpdump* [options] _filename_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:38 msgid "*utmpdump* is a simple program to dump UTMP and WTMP files in raw format, so they can be examined. *utmpdump* reads from stdin unless a _filename_ is passed." msgstr "*utmpdump* 是一個以原始格式傾印 UTMP 與 WTMP 檔案的簡單程式，方便檢查這些檔案。除非傳入 _filename_，否則 *utmpdump* 會從 stdin 讀取。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--follow*" msgstr "*-f*, *--follow*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:43 msgid "Output appended data as the file grows." msgstr "當檔案變大時，輸出新增的資料。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--output* _file_" msgstr "*-o*, *--output* _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:46 msgid "Write command output to _file_ instead of standard output." msgstr "將命令輸出寫到 _file_ 而非標準輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--reverse*" msgstr "*-r*, *--reverse*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:49 msgid "Undump, write back edited login information into the utmp or wtmp files." msgstr "反向傾印，將編輯過的登入資訊寫回 utmp 或 wtmp 檔案。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:55 msgid "*utmpdump* can be useful in cases of corrupted utmp or wtmp entries. It can dump out utmp/wtmp to an ASCII file, which can then be edited to remove bogus entries, and reintegrated using:" msgstr "在 utmp 或 wtmp 條目損毀的情況下，*utmpdump* 很有用。它可以將 utmp/wtmp 傾印到 ASCII 檔案，之後可以編輯該檔案以移除無效條目，再用下列方式重新整合：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:58 msgid "*utmpdump -r < ascii_file > wtmp*" msgstr "*utmpdump -r < ascii_file > wtmp*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:61 msgid "But be warned, *utmpdump* was written for debugging purposes only." msgstr "但請注意，*utmpdump* 僅為偵錯用途而撰寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:65 msgid "Only the binary version of the *utmp*(5) is standardised. Textual dumps may become incompatible in future." msgstr "只有 *utmp*(5) 的二進位版本是標準化的。文字傾印在未來可能會變得不相容。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:67 msgid "The version 2.28 was the last one that printed text output using *ctime*(3) timestamp format. Newer dumps use millisecond precision ISO-8601 timestamp format in UTC-0 timezone. Conversion from former timestamp format can be made to binary, although attempt to do so can lead the timestamps to drift amount of timezone offset." msgstr "2.28 版本是最後一個使用 *ctime*(3) 時間戳記格式印出文字輸出的版本。較新的傾印使用 UTC-0 時區的毫秒精確度 ISO-8601 時間戳記格式。可以將舊時間戳記格式轉換為二進位，雖然這樣做可能會導致時間戳記漂移時區偏移的量。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:71 msgid "You may *not* use the *-r* option, as the format for the utmp/wtmp files strongly depends on the input format. This tool was *not* written for normal use, but for debugging only." msgstr "你*不可以*使用 *-r* 選項，因為 utmp/wtmp 檔案的格式高度依賴輸入格式。此工具*不是*為正常用途而撰寫，而僅供偵錯使用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:75 msgid "Michael Krapp" msgstr "Michael Krapp" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:82 msgid "*last*(1), *w*(1), *who*(1), *utmp*(5)" msgstr "*last*(1)、*w*(1)、*who*(1)、*utmp*(5)" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "vipw(8)" msgstr "vipw(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:48 msgid "vipw, vigr - edit the password or group file" msgstr "vipw, vigr - 編輯密碼檔或群組檔" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:52 msgid "*vipw* [options]" msgstr "*vipw* [options]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:54 msgid "*vigr* [options]" msgstr "*vigr* [options]" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:58 msgid "*vipw* edits the password file after setting the appropriate locks, and does any necessary processing after the password file is unlocked. If the password file is already locked for editing by another user, *vipw* will ask you to try again later. The default editor for *vipw* and *vigr* is *vi*(1). *vigr* edits the group file in the same manner as *vipw* does the passwd file." msgstr "*vipw* 在設定適當的鎖定之後編輯密碼檔，並在密碼檔解鎖後進行任何必要的處理。如果密碼檔已被其他使用者鎖定以進行編輯，*vipw* 會叫你稍後再試。*vipw* 與 *vigr* 的預設編輯器是 *vi*(1)。*vigr* 以 *vipw* 編輯 passwd 檔的相同方式編輯群組檔。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:66 msgid "If the following environment variable exists, it will be utilized by *vipw* and *vigr*:" msgstr "如果存在下列環境變數，它會被 *vipw* 與 *vigr* 使用：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:67 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:192 #, no-wrap msgid "*EDITOR*" msgstr "*EDITOR*" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:69 msgid "The editor specified by the string *EDITOR* will be invoked instead of the default editor *vi*(1)." msgstr "會呼叫由字串 *EDITOR* 指定的編輯器，而非預設的編輯器 *vi*(1)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:73 msgid "The *vipw* command appeared in 4.0BSD. The *vigr* command appeared in Util-Linux 2.6." msgstr "*vipw* 命令出現於 4.0BSD。*vigr* 命令出現於 Util-Linux 2.6。" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:80 msgid "*vi*(1), *passwd*(1), *flock*(2), *passwd*(5)" msgstr "*vi*(1)、*passwd*(1)、*flock*(2)、*passwd*(5)" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:83 msgid "The *vigr* and *vipw* commands are part of the util-linux package and are available from https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux Kernel Archive]" msgstr "*vigr* 與 *vipw* 命令是 util-linux 套件的一部分，可從 https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux Kernel Archive] 取得" #. type: Title = #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:9 #, no-wrap msgid "lsfd(1)" msgstr "lsfd(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:21 msgid "lsfd - list file descriptors" msgstr "lsfd - 列出檔案描述元" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:25 msgid "*lsfd* [option]" msgstr "*lsfd* [option]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:33 msgid "*lsfd* is intended to be a modern replacement for *lsof*(8) on Linux systems. Unlike *lsof*, *lsfd* is specialized to Linux kernel; it supports Linux specific features like namespaces with simpler code. *lsfd* is not a drop-in replacement for *lsof*; they are different in the command line interface and output formats." msgstr "*lsfd* 是為了在 Linux 系統上成為 *lsof*(8) 的現代替代品而設計。不同於 *lsof*，*lsfd* 專門針對 Linux 核心；它以更簡單的程式碼支援像是 namespace 等 Linux 特有的功能。*lsfd* 不是 *lsof* 的即插即用替代品；它們在命令列介面與輸出格式上有所不同。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:37 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:34 msgid "The default output is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default outputs in your scripts. Always explicitly define expected columns by using *--output* _columns-list_ in environments where a stable output is required." msgstr "預設輸出可能會變更。因此只要可能，你應該避免在指令碼中使用預設輸出。在需要穩定輸出的環境中，請一律使用 *--output* _columns-list_ 明確定義預期的欄位。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:41 msgid "*lsfd* uses Libsmartcols for output formatting and filtering. See the description of *--output* option for customizing the output format, and *--filter* option for filtering. Use *lsfd --list-columns* to get a list of all available columns." msgstr "*lsfd* 使用 Libsmartcols 進行輸出格式化與篩選。關於自訂輸出格式請參閱 *--output* 選項的說明，關於篩選請參閱 *--filter* 選項。使用 *lsfd --list-columns* 可取得所有可用欄位的清單。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--threads*" msgstr "*-l*, *--threads*" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:46 msgid "List in threads level." msgstr "以執行緒層級列出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:49 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:61 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:87 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:49 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:55 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:57 ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:40 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:75 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:43 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:30 msgid "Use JSON output format." msgstr "使用 JSON 輸出格式。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:50 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:37 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:109 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:92 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:36 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:50 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:56 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:115 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:26 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:76 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:47 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:31 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:36 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--noheadings*" msgstr "*-n*, *--noheadings*" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:52 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:38 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:28 msgid "Don't print headings." msgstr "不印出標題。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:56 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:42 msgid "Specify which output columns to print. See the *OUTPUT COLUMNS* section for details of available columns." msgstr "指定要印出的輸出欄位。可用欄位的詳細資料請參閱 *OUTPUT COLUMNS* 小節。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:59 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format +_list_ (e.g., *lsfd -o +DELETED*)." msgstr "如果以 +_list_ 格式指定 _list_（例如 *lsfd -o +DELETED*），則可以擴充預設的欄位清單。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:62 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:48 msgid "Use raw output format." msgstr "使用原始輸出格式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:65 msgid "Don't truncate text in columns." msgstr "不要截斷欄位中的文字。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pid* _list_" msgstr "*-p*, *--pid* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:70 msgid "Collect information only for the specified processes. The _list_ is a comma-separated list of PIDs. See also *FILTER EXAMPLES*." msgstr "僅收集指定處理程序的資訊。_list_ 是以逗號分隔的 PID 清單。另請參閱 *FILTER EXAMPLES*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*[*4*|*6*], *--inet*[**=4**|**=6**]" msgstr "*-i*[*4*|*6*], *--inet*[**=4**|**=6**]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:73 msgid "List only IPv4 sockets and/or IPv6 sockets." msgstr "僅列出 IPv4 socket 與/或 IPv6 socket。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:74 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Q*, *--filter* _expression_" msgstr "*-Q*, *--filter* _expression_" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:77 msgid "Print only the files matching the condition represented by the _expression_. See also *scols-filter*(5) and *FILTER EXAMPLES*." msgstr "只印出符合 _expression_ 所表示條件的檔案。另請參閱 *scols-filter*(5) 與 *FILTER EXAMPLES*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:82 msgid "The *-Q* option with a PID (for example: *-Q PID==1*) and the *-p* option (for example: *-p 1*) can be used to achieve the same result, but using the *-p* option is much more efficient because it works at a much earlier stage of processing than the *-Q* option." msgstr "搭配 PID 的 *-Q* 選項（例如：*-Q PID==1*）與 *-p* 選項（例如：*-p 1*）可以達到相同的結果，但使用 *-p* 選項的效率高得多，因為它比 *-Q* 選項在處理過程的更早階段就生效。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--counter* __label__:__filter_expr__" msgstr "*-C*, *--counter* __label__:__filter_expr__" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:89 msgid "Define a custom counter used in *--summary* output. *lsfd* makes a counter named _label_. During collect information, *lsfd* counts files matching _filter_expr_, and stores the counted number to the counter named _label_. *lsfd* applies filters defined with *--filter* options before counting; files excluded by the filters are not counted." msgstr "定義一個用於 *--summary* 輸出的自訂計數器。*lsfd* 會建立名為 _label_ 的計數器。在收集資訊期間，*lsfd* 會計算符合 _filter_expr_ 的檔案數，並將計數結果儲存到名為 _label_ 的計數器。*lsfd* 會在計數之前套用 *--filter* 選項所定義的篩選器；被篩選器排除的檔案不會被計入。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:94 msgid "See *scols-filter*(5) about _filter_expr_. _label_ should not include *{* nor *:*. You can define multiple counters by specifying this option multiple times. See also *COUNTER EXAMPLES*." msgstr "關於 _filter_expr_ 請參閱 *scols-filter*(5)。_label_ 不應包含 *{* 或 *:*。你可以重複指定此選項來定義多個計數器。另請參閱 *COUNTER EXAMPLES*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "*--summary*[**=**_mode_]" msgstr "*--summary*[**=**_mode_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:99 msgid "This option controls summary lines output. The optional argument _mode_ can be *only*, *append*, or *never*. If the _mode_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *only*." msgstr "此選項控制摘要行的輸出。選用引數 _mode_ 可以是 *only*、*append* 或 *never*。如果省略 _mode_ 引數，則預設為 *only*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:104 msgid "The summary reports counters. A counter consists of a label and an integer value. *--counter* is the option for defining a counter. If a user defines no counter, *lsfd* uses the definitions of pre-defined built-in counters (default counters) to make the summary output." msgstr "摘要會回報計數器。計數器由標籤與整數值組成。*--counter* 是用來定義計數器的選項。如果使用者未定義計數器，*lsfd* 會使用預先定義的內建計數器（預設計數器）來產生摘要輸出。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:106 msgid "CAUTION{colon} Using *--summary* and *--json* may make the output broken. Only combining *--summary*=*only* and *--json* is valid." msgstr "注意{colon} 同時使用 *--summary* 與 *--json* 可能導致輸出損壞。只有 *--summary*=*only* 與 *--json* 的組合才有效。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "*--debug-filter*" msgstr "*--debug-filter*" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:111 msgid "Dump the internal data structure for the filter and exit. This is useful only for *lsfd* developers." msgstr "傾印篩選器的內部資料結構然後結束。這只對 *lsfd* 的開發人員有用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "*--dump-counters*" msgstr "*--dump-counters*" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:114 msgid "Dump the definition of counters used in *--summary* output." msgstr "傾印 *--summary* 輸出中所使用計數器的定義。" #. type: Title == #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:127 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "OUTPUT COLUMNS" msgstr "輸出欄位" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:130 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:82 msgid "Each column has a type. Types are surround by < and >." msgstr "每個欄位都有一個型別。型別以 < 與 > 包圍。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:134 msgid "CAUTION{colon} The names and types of columns are not stable yet. They may be changed in the future releases." msgstr "注意{colon} 欄位的名稱與型別尚未穩定。在未來版本中可能會變更。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:135 #, no-wrap msgid "AINODECLASS <``string``>" msgstr "AINODECLASS <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:137 msgid "Class of anonymous inode." msgstr "匿名 inode 的類別。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:138 #, no-wrap msgid "ASSOC <``string``>" msgstr "ASSOC <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:140 msgid "Association between file and process." msgstr "檔案與處理程序之間的關聯。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKDRV <``string``>" msgstr "BLKDRV <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:143 msgid "Block device driver name resolved by `/proc/devices`." msgstr "由 `/proc/devices` 解析的區塊裝置驅動程式名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:144 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-MAP.ID <``number``>" msgstr "BPF-MAP.ID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:146 msgid "Bpf map ID." msgstr "Bpf map ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:147 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-MAP.TYPE <``string``>" msgstr "BPF-MAP.TYPE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:149 msgid "Decoded name of bpf map type." msgstr "bpf map 型別的已解碼名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:150 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-MAP.TYPE.RAW <``number``>" msgstr "BPF-MAP.TYPE.RAW <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:152 msgid "Bpf map type (raw)." msgstr "Bpf map 型別（原始）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:153 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF.NAME <``string``>" msgstr "BPF.NAME <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:155 msgid "Bpf object name." msgstr "Bpf 物件名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:156 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-PROG.ID <``number``>" msgstr "BPF-PROG.ID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:158 msgid "Bpf program ID." msgstr "Bpf 程式 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:159 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-PROG.TAG <``string``>" msgstr "BPF-PROG.TAG <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:161 msgid "Bpf program TAG." msgstr "Bpf 程式 TAG。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:162 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-PROG.TYPE <``string``>" msgstr "BPF-PROG.TYPE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:164 msgid "Decoded name of bpf program type." msgstr "bpf 程式型別的已解碼名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:165 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-PROG.TYPE.RAW <``number``>" msgstr "BPF-PROG.TYPE.RAW <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:167 msgid "Bpf program type (raw)." msgstr "Bpf 程式型別（原始）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:168 #, no-wrap msgid "CHRDRV <``string``>" msgstr "CHRDRV <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:170 msgid "Character device driver name resolved by `/proc/devices`." msgstr "由 `/proc/devices` 解析的字元裝置驅動程式名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:171 #, no-wrap msgid "COMMAND <``string``>" msgstr "COMMAND <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:173 msgid "Command of the process opening the file." msgstr "開啟該檔案的處理程序所執行的命令。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:174 #, no-wrap msgid "DELETED <``boolean``>" msgstr "DELETED <``boolean``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:176 msgid "Reachability from the file system." msgstr "從檔案系統的可達性。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:177 #, no-wrap msgid "DEV <``string``>" msgstr "DEV <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:179 msgid "ID of the device containing the file." msgstr "包含該檔案的裝置 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:180 #, no-wrap msgid "DEVTYPE <``string``>" msgstr "DEVTYPE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:182 msgid "Device type (`blk`, `char`, or `nodev`)." msgstr "裝置型別（`blk`、`char` 或 `nodev`）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:183 #, no-wrap msgid "ENDPOINTS <``string``>" msgstr "ENDPOINTS <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:185 msgid "IPC endpoints information communicated with the fd." msgstr "與該 fd 通訊的 IPC 端點資訊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:189 msgid "*lsfd* collects endpoints within the processes that *lsfd* scans; *lsfd* may miss some endpoints if you limits the processes with *-p* option." msgstr "*lsfd* 在它所掃描的處理程序內收集端點；如果你用 *-p* 選項限制處理程序，*lsfd* 可能會漏掉某些端點。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:192 msgid "The format of the column depends on the object associated with the fd:" msgstr "此欄位的格式取決於與 fd 關聯的物件：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:193 #, no-wrap msgid "FIFO type" msgstr "FIFO 型別" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:194 #, no-wrap msgid "mqueue type" msgstr "mqueue 型別" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:195 #, no-wrap msgid "ptmx and pts sources" msgstr "ptmx 與 pts 來源" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:197 msgid "_PID_,_COMMAND_,_ASSOC_[-r][-w]" msgstr "_PID_,_COMMAND_,_ASSOC_[-r][-w]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:200 msgid "The last characters ([-r][-w]) represent the read and/or write mode of the endpoint." msgstr "最後的字元（[-r][-w]）表示端點的讀取與/或寫入模式。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:201 #, no-wrap msgid "eventfd type" msgstr "eventfd 型別" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:203 msgid "_PID_,_COMMAND_,_ASSOC_" msgstr "_PID_,_COMMAND_,_ASSOC_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:204 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:370 #, no-wrap msgid "UNIX" msgstr "UNIX" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:206 msgid "Same as _UNIX-STREAM_." msgstr "與 _UNIX-STREAM_ 相同。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:213 msgid "In a container, *lsfd* may not fill _ENDPOINTS_ column. *lsfd* uses *sock_diag*(7) to collect information about UNIX endpoints. SELinux may limit the use *sock_diag* in a container. You can remove the limit by setting 1 to _virt_sandbox_use_netlink_ bool. See *container_selinux*(8) for more details." msgstr "在容器中，*lsfd* 可能不會填入 _ENDPOINTS_ 欄位。*lsfd* 使用 *sock_diag*(7) 收集關於 UNIX 端點的資訊。SELinux 可能會限制 *sock_diag* 在容器中的使用。你可以將 _virt_sandbox_use_netlink_ 布林值設為 1 來解除此限制。更多細節請參閱 *container_selinux*(8)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:214 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:367 #, no-wrap msgid "UNIX-STREAM" msgstr "UNIX-STREAM" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:216 msgid "_PID_,_COMMAND_,_ASSOC_[-r?][-w?]" msgstr "_PID_,_COMMAND_,_ASSOC_[-r?][-w?]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:219 msgid "About the last characters ([-r?][-w?]), see the description of _SOCK.SHUTDOWN_." msgstr "關於最後的字元（[-r?][-w?]），請參閱 _SOCK.SHUTDOWN_ 的說明。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:220 #, no-wrap msgid "EVENTFD.ID <``number``>" msgstr "EVENTFD.ID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:222 msgid "Eventfd ID." msgstr "Eventfd ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:223 #, no-wrap msgid "EVENTPOLL.TFDS <``string``>" msgstr "EVENTPOLL.TFDS <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:225 msgid "File descriptors targeted by the eventpoll file." msgstr "eventpoll 檔案所指向的檔案描述元。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:226 #, no-wrap msgid "FD <``number``>" msgstr "FD <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:228 msgid "File descriptor for the file." msgstr "該檔案的檔案描述元。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:229 #, no-wrap msgid "FLAGS <``string``>" msgstr "FLAGS <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:231 msgid "Flags specified when opening the file." msgstr "開啟該檔案時指定的旗標。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:232 #, no-wrap msgid "FUID <``number``>" msgstr "FUID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:234 msgid "User ID number of the file's owner." msgstr "檔案擁有者的使用者 ID 號碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:235 #, no-wrap msgid "INET.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "INET.LADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:237 msgid "Local IP address." msgstr "本機 IP 位址。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:238 #, no-wrap msgid "INET.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "INET.RADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:240 msgid "Remote IP address." msgstr "遠端 IP 位址。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:241 #, no-wrap msgid "INET6.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "INET6.LADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:243 msgid "Local IP6 address." msgstr "本機 IP6 位址。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:244 #, no-wrap msgid "INET6.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "INET6.RADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:246 msgid "Remote IP6 address." msgstr "遠端 IP6 位址。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:247 #, no-wrap msgid "INODE <``number``>" msgstr "INODE <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:249 msgid "Inode number." msgstr "Inode 號碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:250 #, no-wrap msgid "INOTIFY.INODES <``string``>" msgstr "INOTIFY.INODES <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:254 msgid "Cooked version of INOTIFY.INODES.RAW. The format of the element is _inode-number_,_source-of-inode_." msgstr "INOTIFY.INODES.RAW 的已處理版本。元素的格式為 _inode-number_,_source-of-inode_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:255 #, no-wrap msgid "INOTIFY.INODES.RAW <``string``>" msgstr "INOTIFY.INODES.RAW <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:258 msgid "List of monitoring inodes. The format of the element is _inode-number_``,``_device-major_``:``_device-minor_." msgstr "受監看 inode 的清單。元素的格式為 _inode-number_``,``_device-major_``:``_device-minor_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:259 #, no-wrap msgid "KNAME <``string``>" msgstr "KNAME <``string``>" # # # # #. It seems that the manpage backend of asciidoctor has limitations #. about emitting text with nested face specifications like: #. `_u_` p #. Not only u but also p is decorated with underline. #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:270 msgid "Raw file name extracted from from ``/proc/``_pid_``/fd/``_fd_ or ``/proc/``_pid_``/map_files/``_region_." msgstr "從 ``/proc/``_pid_``/fd/``_fd_ 或 ``/proc/``_pid_``/map_files/``_region_ 抽取的原始檔案名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:271 #, no-wrap msgid "KTHREAD <``boolean``>" msgstr "KTHREAD <``boolean``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:273 msgid "Whether the process is a kernel thread or not." msgstr "該處理程序是否為核心執行緒。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:274 #, no-wrap msgid "MAJ:MIN <``string``>" msgstr "MAJ:MIN <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:276 msgid "Device ID for special, or ID of device containing file." msgstr "特殊檔案的裝置 ID，或包含該檔案的裝置 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:277 #, no-wrap msgid "MAPLEN <``number``>" msgstr "MAPLEN <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:279 msgid "Length of file mapping (in page)." msgstr "檔案映射的長度（以頁為單位）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:280 #, no-wrap msgid "MISCDEV <``string``>" msgstr "MISCDEV <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:282 msgid "Misc character device name resolved by `/proc/misc`." msgstr "由 `/proc/misc` 解析的雜項字元裝置名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:283 #, no-wrap msgid "MNTID <``number``>" msgstr "MNTID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:285 msgid "Mount ID." msgstr "掛載 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:286 #, no-wrap msgid "MODE <``string``>" msgstr "MODE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:288 msgid "Access mode (rwx)." msgstr "存取模式（rwx）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:289 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "NAME <``string``>" msgstr "NAME <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:291 msgid "Cooked version of KNAME. It is mostly same as KNAME." msgstr "KNAME 的已處理版本。它大多與 KNAME 相同。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:293 msgid "Some files have special formats and information sources:" msgstr "有些檔案具有特殊的格式與資訊來源：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:294 #, no-wrap msgid "AF_VSOCK" msgstr "AF_VSOCK" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:296 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_ type=_SOCK.TYPE_ laddr=_VSOCK.LADDR_[ raddr=_VSOCK.RADDR_]" msgstr "state=_SOCK.STATE_ type=_SOCK.TYPE_ laddr=_VSOCK.LADDR_[ raddr=_VSOCK.RADDR_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:298 msgid "`raddr` is not shown for listening sockets." msgstr "對監聽中的 socket 不會顯示 `raddr`。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:299 #, no-wrap msgid "bpf-map" msgstr "bpf-map" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:301 msgid "id=_BPF-MAP.ID_ type=_BPF-MAP.TYPE_[ name=_BPF.NAME_]" msgstr "id=_BPF-MAP.ID_ type=_BPF-MAP.TYPE_[ name=_BPF.NAME_]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:302 #, no-wrap msgid "bpf-prog" msgstr "bpf-prog" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:304 msgid "id=_BPF-PROG.ID_ type=_BPF-PROG.TYPE_ tag= _BPF-PROG.TAG_ [ name=_BPF.NAME_]" msgstr "id=_BPF-PROG.ID_ type=_BPF-PROG.TYPE_ tag= _BPF-PROG.TAG_ [ name=_BPF.NAME_]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:305 #, no-wrap msgid "eventpoll" msgstr "eventpoll" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:307 msgid "tfds=_EVENTPOLL.TFDS_" msgstr "tfds=_EVENTPOLL.TFDS_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:308 #, no-wrap msgid "eventfd" msgstr "eventfd" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:310 msgid "id=_EVENTFD.ID_" msgstr "id=_EVENTFD.ID_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:311 #, no-wrap msgid "inotify" msgstr "inotify" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:313 msgid "inodes=_INOTIFY.INODES_" msgstr "inodes=_INOTIFY.INODES_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:314 #, no-wrap msgid "misc:tun" msgstr "misc:tun" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:316 msgid "iface=_TUN.IFACE_[ devnetns=_TUN.DEVNETNS_][ socknetns=_SOCK.NETNS_]" msgstr "iface=_TUN.IFACE_[ devnetns=_TUN.DEVNETNS_][ socknetns=_SOCK.NETNS_]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:317 #, no-wrap msgid "NETLINK" msgstr "NETLINK" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:319 msgid "protocol=_NETLINK.PROTOCOL_[ lport=_NETLINK.LPORT_[ group=_NETLINK.GROUPS_]]" msgstr "protocol=_NETLINK.PROTOCOL_[ lport=_NETLINK.LPORT_[ group=_NETLINK.GROUPS_]]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:320 #, no-wrap msgid "PACKET" msgstr "PACKET" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:322 msgid "type=_SOCK.TYPE_[ protocol=_PACKET.PROTOCOL_][ iface=_PACKET.IFACE_]" msgstr "type=_SOCK.TYPE_[ protocol=_PACKET.PROTOCOL_][ iface=_PACKET.IFACE_]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:323 #, no-wrap msgid "pidfd" msgstr "pidfd" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:325 msgid "pid=_TARGET-PID_ comm=_TARGET-COMMAND_ nspid=_TARGET-NSPIDS_" msgstr "pid=_TARGET-PID_ comm=_TARGET-COMMAND_ nspid=_TARGET-NSPIDS_" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:328 msgid "*lsfd* extracts _TARGET-PID_ and _TARGET-NSPIDS_ from ``/proc/``_pid_``/fdinfo/``_fd_." msgstr "*lsfd* 從 ``/proc/``_pid_``/fdinfo/``_fd_ 抽取 _TARGET-PID_ 與 _TARGET-NSPIDS_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:329 #, no-wrap msgid "PING" msgstr "PING" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:331 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ id=_PING.ID_][ laddr=_INET.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET.RADDR_]]" msgstr "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ id=_PING.ID_][ laddr=_INET.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET.RADDR_]]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:332 #, no-wrap msgid "PINGv6" msgstr "PINGv6" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:334 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ id=_PING.ID_][ laddr=_INET6.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET6.RADDR_]]" msgstr "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ id=_PING.ID_][ laddr=_INET6.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET6.RADDR_]]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:335 #, no-wrap msgid "ptmx" msgstr "ptmx" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:337 msgid "tty-index=_PTMX.TTY-INDEX_" msgstr "tty-index=_PTMX.TTY-INDEX_" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:340 msgid "*lsfd* extracts _PTMX.TTY-INDEX_ from ``/proc/``_pid_``/fdinfo/``_fd_." msgstr "*lsfd* 從 ``/proc/``_pid_``/fdinfo/``_fd_ 抽取 _PTMX.TTY-INDEX_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:341 #, no-wrap msgid "RAW" msgstr "RAW" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:343 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ protocol=_RAW.PROTOCOL_ [ laddr=_INET.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET.RADDR_]]]" msgstr "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ protocol=_RAW.PROTOCOL_ [ laddr=_INET.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET.RADDR_]]]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:344 #, no-wrap msgid "RAWv6" msgstr "RAWv6" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:346 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ protocol=_RAW.PROTOCOL_ [ laddr=_INET6.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET6.RADDR_]]]" msgstr "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ protocol=_RAW.PROTOCOL_ [ laddr=_INET6.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET6.RADDR_]]]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:347 #, no-wrap msgid "signalfd" msgstr "signalfd" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:349 msgid "mask=_SIGNALFD.MASK_" msgstr "mask=_SIGNALFD.MASK_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:350 #, no-wrap msgid "TCP" msgstr "TCP" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:351 #, no-wrap msgid "TCPv6" msgstr "TCPv6" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:353 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ laddr=_TCP.LADDR_ [ raddr=_TCP.RADDR_]]" msgstr "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ laddr=_TCP.LADDR_ [ raddr=_TCP.RADDR_]]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:354 #, no-wrap msgid "timerfd" msgstr "timerfd" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:356 msgid "clockid=_TIMERFD.CLOCKID_[ remaining=_TIMERFD.REMAINING_ [ interval=_TIMERFD.INTERVAL_]]" msgstr "clockid=_TIMERFD.CLOCKID_[ remaining=_TIMERFD.REMAINING_ [ interval=_TIMERFD.INTERVAL_]]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:357 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP" msgstr "UDP" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:358 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPv6" msgstr "UDPv6" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:360 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ laddr=_UDP.LADDR_ [ raddr=_UDP.RADDR_]]" msgstr "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ laddr=_UDP.LADDR_ [ raddr=_UDP.RADDR_]]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:362 msgid "*lsfd* hides ``raddr=`` if _UDP.RADDR_ is ``0.0.0.0`` and _UDP.RPORT_ is 0." msgstr "如果 _UDP.RADDR_ 是 ``0.0.0.0`` 且 _UDP.RPORT_ 是 0，*lsfd* 會隱藏 ``raddr=``。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:363 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP-LITE" msgstr "UDP-LITE" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:364 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPLITEv6" msgstr "UDPLITEv6" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:366 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ laddr=_UDPLITE.LADDR_ [ raddr=_UDPLITE.RADDR_]]" msgstr "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ laddr=_UDPLITE.LADDR_ [ raddr=_UDPLITE.RADDR_]]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:369 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ path=_UNIX.PATH_]" msgstr "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ path=_UNIX.PATH_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:372 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ path=_UNIX.PATH_] type=_SOCK.TYPE_" msgstr "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ path=_UNIX.PATH_] type=_SOCK.TYPE_" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:376 msgid "Note that `(deleted)` markers are removed from this column. Refer to _KNAME_, _DELETED_, or _XMODE_ to know the readability of the file from the file system." msgstr "請注意，`(deleted)` 標記會從此欄位移除。若要得知檔案從檔案系統的可讀性，請參閱 _KNAME_、_DELETED_ 或 _XMODE_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:378 #, no-wrap msgid "NETLINK.GROUPS <``number``>" msgstr "NETLINK.GROUPS <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:380 msgid "Netlink multicast groups." msgstr "Netlink 多點傳送群組。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:381 #, no-wrap msgid "NETLINK.LPORT <``number``>" msgstr "NETLINK.LPORT <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:383 msgid "Netlink local port id." msgstr "Netlink 本機連接埠 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:384 #, no-wrap msgid "NETLINK.PROTOCOL <``string``>" msgstr "NETLINK.PROTOCOL <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:386 msgid "Netlink protocol." msgstr "Netlink 協定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:387 #, no-wrap msgid "NLINK <``number``>" msgstr "NLINK <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:389 msgid "Link count." msgstr "連結數。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:390 #, no-wrap msgid "NS.NAME <``string``>" msgstr "NS.NAME <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:392 msgid "Name (_NS.TYPE_:[_INODE_]) of the namespace specified with the file." msgstr "與該檔案一起指定的 namespace 名稱（_NS.TYPE_:[_INODE_]）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:393 #, no-wrap msgid "NS.TYPE <``string``>" msgstr "NS.TYPE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:397 msgid "Type of the namespace specified with the file. The type is `mnt`, `cgroup`, `uts`, `ipc`, `user`, `pid`, `net`, `time`, or `unknown`." msgstr "與該檔案一起指定的 namespace 型別。型別為 `mnt`、`cgroup`、`uts`、`ipc`、`user`、`pid`、`net`、`time` 或 `unknown`。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:398 #, no-wrap msgid "OWNER <``string``>" msgstr "OWNER <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:400 msgid "Owner of the file." msgstr "檔案擁有者。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:401 #, no-wrap msgid "PACKET.IFACE <``string``>" msgstr "PACKET.IFACE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:403 msgid "Interface name associated with the packet socket." msgstr "與 packet socket 關聯的介面名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:404 #, no-wrap msgid "PACKET.PROTOCOL <``string``>" msgstr "PACKET.PROTOCOL <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:406 msgid "L2 protocol name associated with the packet socket (decoded)." msgstr "與 packet socket 關聯的 L2 協定名稱（已解碼）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:407 #, no-wrap msgid "PACKET.PROTOCOL.RAW <``number``>" msgstr "PACKET.PROTOCOL.RAW <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:409 msgid "L2 protocol number associated with the packet socket (raw)." msgstr "與 packet socket 關聯的 L2 協定號碼（原始）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:410 #, no-wrap msgid "PARTITION <``string``>" msgstr "PARTITION <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:412 msgid "Block device name resolved by `/proc/partition`." msgstr "由 `/proc/partition` 解析的區塊裝置名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:413 #, no-wrap msgid "PID <``number``>" msgstr "PID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:415 msgid "PID of the process opening the file." msgstr "開啟該檔案的處理程序的 PID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:416 #, no-wrap msgid "PIDFD.COMM <``string``>" msgstr "PIDFD.COMM <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:418 msgid "Command of the process targeted by the pidfd." msgstr "由 pidfd 指向的處理程序所執行的命令。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:419 #, no-wrap msgid "PIDFD.NSPID <``string``>" msgstr "PIDFD.NSPID <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:421 msgid "Value of NSpid field in ``/proc/``_pid_``/fdinfo/``_fd_ of the pidfd." msgstr "pidfd 的 ``/proc/``_pid_``/fdinfo/``_fd_ 中 NSpid 欄位的值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:423 msgid "Quoted from kernel/fork.c of Linux source tree:" msgstr "引自 Linux 原始碼樹的 kernel/fork.c：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:429 msgid "If pid namespaces are supported then this function will also print the pid of a given pidfd refers to for all descendant pid namespaces starting from the current pid namespace of the instance, i.e. the Pid field and the first entry in the NSpid field will be identical." msgstr "如果支援 pid namespace，此函式也會印出指定 pidfd 所指的 pid，涵蓋從該實例目前的 pid namespace 開始的所有後代 pid namespace，也就是說 Pid 欄位與 NSpid 欄位的第一個條目會是相同的。" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:433 msgid "Note that this differs from the Pid and NSpid fields in /proc//status where Pid and NSpid are always shown relative to the pid namespace of the procfs instance." msgstr "請注意，這與 /proc//status 中的 Pid 與 NSpid 欄位不同；在該處 Pid 與 NSpid 一律相對於 procfs 實例的 pid namespace 顯示。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:435 #, no-wrap msgid "PIDFD.PID <``number``>" msgstr "PIDFD.PID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:437 msgid "PID of the process targeted by the pidfd." msgstr "由 pidfd 指向的處理程序的 PID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:438 #, no-wrap msgid "PING.ID <`number`>" msgstr "PING.ID <`number`>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:440 msgid "ICMP echo request id used on the PING socket." msgstr "用於 PING socket 的 ICMP echo request ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:441 #, no-wrap msgid "POS <``number``>" msgstr "POS <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:443 msgid "File position." msgstr "檔案位置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:444 #, no-wrap msgid "RAW.PROTOCOL <``string``>" msgstr "RAW.PROTOCOL <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:446 msgid "Protocol name of the raw socket (decoded)." msgstr "raw socket 的協定名稱（已解碼）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:448 msgid "The data type of this column was <``number``> from v2.39 to v2.41." msgstr "此欄位的資料型別在 v2.39 至 v2.41 之間是 <``number``>。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:449 #, no-wrap msgid "RAW.PROTOCOL.RAW <``number``>" msgstr "RAW.PROTOCOL.RAW <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:451 msgid "Protocol number of the raw socket (raw)." msgstr "raw socket 的協定號碼（原始）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:452 #, no-wrap msgid "RDEV <``string``>" msgstr "RDEV <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:454 msgid "Device ID (if special file)." msgstr "裝置 ID（如果是特殊檔案）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:455 #, no-wrap msgid "SIGNALFD.MASK <``string``>" msgstr "SIGNALFD.MASK <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:457 msgid "Masked signals." msgstr "被屏蔽的訊號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:458 #, no-wrap msgid "SIZE <``number``>" msgstr "SIZE <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:460 msgid "File size." msgstr "檔案大小。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:461 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.LISTENING <``boolean``>" msgstr "SOCK.LISTENING <``boolean``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:463 msgid "Listening socket." msgstr "監聽中的 socket。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:464 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.NETS <``number``>" msgstr "SOCK.NETS <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:466 msgid "Inode identifying network namespace where the socket belongs." msgstr "識別該 socket 所屬網路 namespace 的 inode。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:467 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.PROTONAME <``string``>" msgstr "SOCK.PROTONAME <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:469 msgid "Protocol name." msgstr "協定名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:470 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.SHUTDOWN <``string``>" msgstr "SOCK.SHUTDOWN <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:472 msgid "Shutdown state of socket." msgstr "socket 的關閉狀態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:473 #, no-wrap msgid "[-r?]" msgstr "[-r?]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:477 msgid "If the first character is _r_, the receptions are allowed. If it is _-_, the receptions are disallowed. If it is _?_, the state is unknown." msgstr "如果第一個字元是 _r_，表示允許接收。如果是 _-_，表示不允許接收。如果是 _?_，表示狀態未知。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:478 #, no-wrap msgid "[-w?]" msgstr "[-w?]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:482 msgid "If the second character is _w_, the transmissions are allowed. If it is _-_, the transmissions are disallowed. If it is _?_, the state is unknown." msgstr "如果第二個字元是 _w_，表示允許傳輸。如果是 _-_，表示不允許傳輸。如果是 _?_，表示狀態未知。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:483 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.STATE <``string``>" msgstr "SOCK.STATE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:485 msgid "State of socket." msgstr "socket 的狀態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:486 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.TYPE <``string``>" msgstr "SOCK.TYPE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:489 msgid "Type of socket. Here type means the second parameter of socket system call:" msgstr "socket 的型別。這裡的型別指的是 socket 系統呼叫的第二個參數：" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:491 msgid "stream" msgstr "stream" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:492 msgid "dgram" msgstr "dgram" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:493 msgid "raw" msgstr "raw" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:494 msgid "rdm" msgstr "rdm" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:495 msgid "seqpacket" msgstr "seqpacket" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:496 msgid "dccp" msgstr "dccp" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:497 msgid "packet" msgstr "packet" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:498 #, no-wrap msgid "SOURCE <``string``>" msgstr "SOURCE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:502 msgid "File system, partition, or device containing the file. For the association having ERROR as the value for _TYPE_ column, *lsfd* fills this column with _syscall_:_errno_." msgstr "包含該檔案的檔案系統、分割區或裝置。對於 _TYPE_ 欄位值為 ERROR 的關聯，*lsfd* 會以 _syscall_:_errno_ 填入此欄位。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:503 #, no-wrap msgid "STTYPE <``string``>" msgstr "STTYPE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:505 msgid "Raw file types returned from *stat*(2): BLK, CHR, DIR, FIFO, LINK, REG, SOCK, or UNKN." msgstr "由 *stat*(2) 傳回的原始檔案類型：BLK、CHR、DIR、FIFO、LINK、REG、SOCK 或 UNKN。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:506 #, no-wrap msgid "TCP.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "TCP.LADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:508 msgid "Local L3 (_INET.LADDR_ or _INET6.LADDR_) address and local TCP port." msgstr "本機 L3（_INET.LADDR_ 或 _INET6.LADDR_）位址與本機 TCP 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:509 #, no-wrap msgid "TCP.LPORT <``number``>" msgstr "TCP.LPORT <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:511 msgid "Local TCP port." msgstr "本機 TCP 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:512 #, no-wrap msgid "TCP.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "TCP.RADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:514 msgid "Remote L3 (_INET.RADDR_ or _INET6.RADDR_) address and remote TCP port." msgstr "遠端 L3（_INET.RADDR_ 或 _INET6.RADDR_）位址與遠端 TCP 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:515 #, no-wrap msgid "TCP.RPORT <``number``>" msgstr "TCP.RPORT <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:517 msgid "Remote TCP port." msgstr "遠端 TCP 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:518 #, no-wrap msgid "TID <``number``>" msgstr "TID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:520 msgid "Thread ID of the process opening the file." msgstr "開啟該檔案之處理程序的執行緒 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:521 #, no-wrap msgid "TIMERFD.CLOCKID <``string``>" msgstr "TIMERFD.CLOCKID <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:523 msgid "Clockid." msgstr "時鐘 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:524 #, no-wrap msgid "TIMERFD.INTERVAL <``number``>" msgstr "TIMERFD.INTERVAL <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:526 msgid "Interval." msgstr "間隔。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:527 #, no-wrap msgid "TIMERFD.REMAINING <``number``>" msgstr "TIMERFD.REMAINING <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:529 msgid "Remaining time." msgstr "剩餘時間。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:530 #, no-wrap msgid "PTMX.TTY-INDEX <``number``>" msgstr "PTMX.TTY-INDEX <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:532 msgid "TTY index of the counterpart." msgstr "對應端的 TTY 索引。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:533 #, no-wrap msgid "TUN.DEVNETNS <``number``>" msgstr "TUN.DEVNETNS <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:535 msgid "Inode identifying network namespace where the device belongs." msgstr "識別該裝置所屬網路命名空間的 inode。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:536 #, no-wrap msgid "TUN.IFACE <``string``>" msgstr "TUN.IFACE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:538 msgid "Network interface behind the tun device." msgstr "tun 裝置背後的網路介面。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:539 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "TYPE <``string``>" msgstr "TYPE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:543 msgid "Cooked version of _STTYPE_. It is same as _STTYPE_ with exceptions. For _SOCK_, print the value for _SOCK.PROTONAME_. For _UNKN_, print the value for _AINODECLASS_ if _SOURCE_ is `anon_inodefs`." msgstr "_STTYPE_ 的加工版本。除了例外情況外，它與 _STTYPE_ 相同。對於 _SOCK_，印出 _SOCK.PROTONAME_ 的值。對於 _UNKN_，若 _SOURCE_ 為 `anon_inodefs`，則印出 _AINODECLASS_ 的值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:546 msgid "If *lsfd* gets an error when calling a syscall to know about a target file descriptor, *lsfd* fills this column for it with ERROR." msgstr "若 *lsfd* 在呼叫系統呼叫以了解目標檔案描述符時發生錯誤，*lsfd* 會以 ERROR 填入此欄位。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:547 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "UDP.LADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:549 msgid "Local IP address and local UDP port." msgstr "本機 IP 位址與本機 UDP 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:550 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP.LPORT <``number``>" msgstr "UDP.LPORT <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:552 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:564 msgid "Local UDP port." msgstr "本機 UDP 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:553 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "UDP.RADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:555 msgid "Remote IP address and remote UDP port." msgstr "遠端 IP 位址與遠端 UDP 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:556 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP.RPORT <``number``>" msgstr "UDP.RPORT <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:558 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:570 msgid "Remote UDP port." msgstr "遠端 UDP 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:559 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPLITE.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "UDPLITE.LADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:561 msgid "Local IP address and local UDPLite port." msgstr "本機 IP 位址與本機 UDPLite 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:562 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPLITE.LPORT <``number``>" msgstr "UDPLITE.LPORT <``number``>" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:565 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPLITE.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "UDPLITE.RADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:567 msgid "Remote IP address and remote UDPLite port." msgstr "遠端 IP 位址與遠端 UDPLite 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:568 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPLITE.RPORT <``number``>" msgstr "UDPLITE.RPORT <``number``>" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:571 #, no-wrap msgid "UID <``number``>" msgstr "UID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:573 msgid "User ID number." msgstr "使用者 ID 號碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:574 #, no-wrap msgid "UNIX.IPEER < number >" msgstr "UNIX.IPEER < number >" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:576 msgid "Inode number for the peer of the UNIX domain socket." msgstr "UNIX 網域 socket 對端的 inode 號碼。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:579 msgid "If *lsfd* runs in a container, it may not fill _UNIX.IPEER_ column. See the description of _UNIX_ in _ENDPOINTS_ column for more details." msgstr "若 *lsfd* 在容器中執行，它可能不會填入 _UNIX.IPEER_ 欄位。更多細節請參閱 _ENDPOINTS_ 欄位中對 _UNIX_ 的說明。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:580 #, no-wrap msgid "UNIX.PATH <``string``>" msgstr "UNIX.PATH <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:582 msgid "Filesystem pathname for UNIX domain socket." msgstr "UNIX 網域 socket 的檔案系統路徑名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:583 #, no-wrap msgid "USER <``string``>" msgstr "USER <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:585 msgid "User of the process." msgstr "該處理程序的使用者。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:586 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "VSOCK.LADDR <``string``>" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:587 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "VSOCK.RADDR <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:590 msgid "Local VSOCK address. The format of the element is _VSOCK.LCID_``:``_VSOCK.LPORT_." msgstr "本機 VSOCK 位址。元素的格式為 _VSOCK.LCID_``:``_VSOCK.LPORT_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:593 msgid "Well-known CIDs will be decoded: \"`{asterisk}`\", \"`hypervisor`\", \"`local`\", or \"`host`\". Well-known ports will be decoded: \"`{asterisk}`\"." msgstr "眾所周知的 CID 會被解碼：「`{asterisk}`」、「`hypervisor`」、「`local`」或「`host`」。眾所周知的連接埠會被解碼：「`{asterisk}`」。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:594 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.LCID <``number``>" msgstr "VSOCK.LCID <``number``>" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:595 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.RCID <``number``>" msgstr "VSOCK.RCID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:597 msgid "Local and remote VSOCK context identifiers." msgstr "本機與遠端 VSOCK 內容識別碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:598 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.LPORT <``number``>" msgstr "VSOCK.LPORT <``number``>" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:599 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.RPORT <``number``>" msgstr "VSOCK.RPORT <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:601 msgid "Local and remote VSOCK ports." msgstr "本機與遠端 VSOCK 連接埠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:602 #, no-wrap msgid "XMODE <``string``>" msgstr "XMODE <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:606 msgid "Extended version of _MODE_. This column may grow; new letters may be appended to _XMODE_ when *lsfd* supports a new state of file descriptors and/or memory mappings." msgstr "_MODE_ 的擴充版本。此欄位可能會增長；當 *lsfd* 支援檔案描述符及／或記憶體對應的新狀態時，新的字母可能會附加到 _XMODE_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:607 #, no-wrap msgid "[-r]" msgstr "[-r]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:609 msgid "opened of mapped for reading. This is also in _MODE_." msgstr "開啟或對應以供讀取。這也包含在 _MODE_ 中。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:610 #, no-wrap msgid "[-w]" msgstr "[-w]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:612 msgid "opened of mapped for writing. This is also in _MODE_." msgstr "開啟或對應以供寫入。這也包含在 _MODE_ 中。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:613 #, no-wrap msgid "[-x]" msgstr "[-x]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:615 msgid "mapped for executing the code. This is also in _MODE_." msgstr "對應以供執行程式碼。這也包含在 _MODE_ 中。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:616 #, no-wrap msgid "[-D]" msgstr "[-D]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:618 msgid "deleted from the file system. See also _DELETED_." msgstr "已從檔案系統刪除。另請參閱 _DELETED_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:619 #, no-wrap msgid "[-Ll]" msgstr "[-Ll]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:624 msgid "locked or leased. _l_ represents a read, a shared lock or a read lease. _L_ represents a write or an exclusive lock or a write lease. If both read/shared and write/exclusive locks or leases are taken by a file descriptor, _L_ is used as the flag." msgstr "已鎖定或已租用。_l_ 代表讀取、共用鎖定或讀取租用。_L_ 代表寫入或獨佔鎖定或寫入租用。若檔案描述符同時取得讀取／共用與寫入／獨佔的鎖定或租用，則使用 _L_ 作為旗標。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:625 #, no-wrap msgid "[-m]" msgstr "[-m]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:632 msgid "Multiplexed. If the file descriptor is targeted by a eventpoll file or classical system calls for multiplexing (*select*(2), *pselect*(2), *poll*(2), and *ppoll*(2)), this bit flag is set. Note that if an invocation of the classical system calls is interrupted, *lsfd* may fail to mark _m_ on the file descriptors monitored by the invocation. See *restart_syscall*(2)." msgstr "多工。若檔案描述符是 eventpoll 檔案或傳統多工系統呼叫（*select*(2)、*pselect*(2)、*poll*(2) 與 *ppoll*(2)）的目標，則會設定此位元旗標。請注意，若傳統系統呼叫的呼叫被中斷，*lsfd* 可能無法在該呼叫所監控的檔案描述符上標記 _m_。請參閱 *restart_syscall*(2)。" #. type: Title == #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:633 #, no-wrap msgid "FILTER EXAMPLES" msgstr "篩選範例" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:638 msgid "*lsfd* has few options for filtering. In most of cases, what you should know is *-Q* (or *--filter*) option. Combined with *-o* (or *--output*) option, you can customize the output as you want." msgstr "*lsfd* 的篩選選項不多。在大多數情況下，您需要知道的是 *-Q*（或 *--filter*）選項。搭配 *-o*（或 *--output*）選項，您可以依需求自訂輸出。" #. TRANSLATORS: In the following messages, don't forget to add whitespace at the end! #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:640 #, no-wrap msgid "List files associated with PID 1 and PID 2 processes: " msgstr "列出與 PID 1 和 PID 2 處理程序相關聯的檔案：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:643 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) or (PID == 2)'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) or (PID == 2)'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:645 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:670 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:680 #, no-wrap msgid "Do the same in an alternative way: " msgstr "以另一種方式執行相同操作：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:648 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) || (PID == 2)'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) || (PID == 2)'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:650 #, no-wrap msgid "Do the same in a more efficient way: " msgstr "以更有效率的方式執行相同操作：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:653 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd --pid 1,2\n" msgstr "# lsfd --pid 1,2\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:655 #, no-wrap msgid "Whitespaces can be used instead of a comma: " msgstr "可以使用空白字元取代逗號：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:658 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd --pid '1 2'\n" msgstr "# lsfd --pid '1 2'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:660 #, no-wrap msgid "Utilize *pidof*(1) for list the files associated with \"firefox\": " msgstr "利用 *pidof*(1) 列出與「firefox」相關聯的檔案：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:663 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd --pid \"$(pidof firefox)\"\n" msgstr "# lsfd --pid \"$(pidof firefox)\"\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:665 #, no-wrap msgid "List the 1st file descriptor opened by PID 1 process: " msgstr "列出 PID 1 處理程序開啟的第 1 個檔案描述符：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:668 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) and (FD == 1)'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) and (FD == 1)'\n" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:673 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) && (FD == 1)'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) && (FD == 1)'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:675 #, no-wrap msgid "List all running executables: " msgstr "列出所有正在執行的可執行檔：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:678 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'ASSOC == \"exe\"'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q 'ASSOC == \"exe\"'\n" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:683 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'ASSOC eq \"exe\"'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q 'ASSOC eq \"exe\"'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:685 #, no-wrap msgid "Do the same but print only file names: " msgstr "執行相同操作，但只印出檔案名稱：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:688 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -o NAME -Q 'ASSOC eq \"exe\"' | sort -u\n" msgstr "# lsfd -o NAME -Q 'ASSOC eq \"exe\"' | sort -u\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:690 #, no-wrap msgid "List deleted files associated to processes: " msgstr "列出與處理程序相關聯的已刪除檔案：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:693 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'DELETED'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q 'DELETED'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:695 #, no-wrap msgid "List non-regular files: " msgstr "列出非一般檔案：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:698 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE != \"REG\"'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE != \"REG\"'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:700 #, no-wrap msgid "List block devices: " msgstr "列出區塊裝置：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:703 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'DEVTYPE == \"blk\"'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q 'DEVTYPE == \"blk\"'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:705 #, no-wrap msgid "Do the same with TYPE column: " msgstr "使用 TYPE 欄位執行相同操作：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:708 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE == \"BLK\"'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE == \"BLK\"'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:710 #, no-wrap msgid "List files including \"dconf\" directory in their names: " msgstr "列出名稱中包含「dconf」目錄的檔案：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:713 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'NAME =~ \".\\*/dconf/.*\"'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q 'NAME =~ \".\\*/dconf/.*\"'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:715 #, no-wrap msgid "List files opened in a QEMU virtual machine: " msgstr "列出在 QEMU 虛擬機器中開啟的檔案：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:718 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(COMMAND =~ \".\\*qemu.*\") and (FD >= 0)'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q '(COMMAND =~ \".\\*qemu.*\") and (FD >= 0)'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:720 #, no-wrap msgid "List timerfd files expired within 0.5 seconds: " msgstr "列出在 0.5 秒內到期的 timerfd 檔案：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:723 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(TIMERFD.remaining < 0.5) and (TIMERFD.remaining > 0.0)'\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q '(TIMERFD.remaining < 0.5) and (TIMERFD.remaining > 0.0)'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:725 #, no-wrap msgid "List processes communicating via unix stream sockets: " msgstr "列出透過 unix 串流 socket 通訊的處理程序：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:728 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE == \"UNIX-STREAM\" && UNIX.PATH =~ \".+\"' -oUNIX.PATH,PID,COMMAND,FD,SOCK.STATE,ENDPOINTS\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE == \"UNIX-STREAM\" && UNIX.PATH =~ \".+\"' -oUNIX.PATH,PID,COMMAND,FD,SOCK.STATE,ENDPOINTS\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:730 #, no-wrap msgid "List processes communicating via a specified unix stream socket: " msgstr "列出透過指定 unix 串流 socket 通訊的處理程序：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:733 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE == \"UNIX-STREAM\" && UNIX.PATH == \"@/tmp/.X11-unix/X0\"' -oUNIX.PATH,PID,COMMAND,FD,SOCK.STATE,ENDPOINTS\n" msgstr "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE == \"UNIX-STREAM\" && UNIX.PATH == \"@/tmp/.X11-unix/X0\"' -oUNIX.PATH,PID,COMMAND,FD,SOCK.STATE,ENDPOINTS\n" #. type: Title == #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:735 #, no-wrap msgid "COUNTER EXAMPLES" msgstr "計數器範例" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:737 #, no-wrap msgid "Report the numbers of netlink socket descriptors and unix socket descriptors: " msgstr "回報 netlink socket 描述符與 unix socket 描述符的數量：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:745 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# lsfd --summary=only \\\n" "\t-C 'netlink sockets':'(NAME =~ \"NETLINK:.*\")' \\\n" "\t-C 'unix sockets':'(NAME =~ \"UNIX:.*\")'\n" "VALUE COUNTER\n" " 57 netlink sockets\n" " 1552 unix sockets\n" msgstr "" "# lsfd --summary=only \\\n" "\t-C 'netlink sockets':'(NAME =~ \"NETLINK:.*\")' \\\n" "\t-C 'unix sockets':'(NAME =~ \"UNIX:.*\")'\n" "VALUE COUNTER\n" " 57 netlink sockets\n" " 1552 unix sockets\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:747 #, no-wrap msgid "Do the same but print in JSON format: " msgstr "執行相同操作，但以 JSON 格式印出：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:763 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# lsfd --summary=only --json \\\n" "\t-C 'netlink sockets':'(NAME =~ \"NETLINK:.*\")' \\\n" "\t-C 'unix sockets':'(NAME =~ \"UNIX:.*\")'\n" "{\n" " \"lsfd-summary\": [\n" " {\n" "\t \"value\": 15,\n" "\t \"counter\": \"netlink sockets\"\n" " },{\n" "\t \"value\": 798,\n" "\t \"counter\": \"unix sockets\"\n" " }\n" " ]\n" "}\n" msgstr "" "# lsfd --summary=only --json \\\n" "\t-C 'netlink sockets':'(NAME =~ \"NETLINK:.*\")' \\\n" "\t-C 'unix sockets':'(NAME =~ \"UNIX:.*\")'\n" "{\n" " \"lsfd-summary\": [\n" " {\n" "\t \"value\": 15,\n" "\t \"counter\": \"netlink sockets\"\n" " },{\n" "\t \"value\": 798,\n" "\t \"counter\": \"unix sockets\"\n" " }\n" " ]\n" "}\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:769 msgid "The *lsfd* command is part of the util-linux package since v2.38." msgstr "*lsfd* 命令自 v2.38 起即為 util-linux 套件的一部分。" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:774 msgid "mailto:yamato@redhat.com[Masatake YAMATO], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:yamato@redhat.com[Masatake YAMATO]、mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:787 msgid "*bpftool*(8), *bps*(8), *lslocks*(8), *lsof*(8), *pidof*(1), *proc*(5), *scols-filter*(5), *socket*(2), *ss*(8), *stat*(2), *vsock*(7)" msgstr "*bpftool*(8)、*bps*(8)、*lslocks*(8)、*lsof*(8)、*pidof*(1)、*proc*(5)、*scols-filter*(5)、*socket*(2)、*ss*(8)、*stat*(2)、*vsock*(7)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "blkid(8)" msgstr "blkid(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:17 msgid "blkid - locate/print block device attributes" msgstr "blkid - 定位／印出區塊裝置屬性" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:21 msgid "*blkid* *--label* _label_ | *--uuid* _uuid_" msgstr "*blkid* *--label* _label_ | *--uuid* _uuid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:23 msgid "*blkid* [*--no-encoding* *--garbage-collect* *--list-one* *--cache-file* _file_] [*--output* _format_] [*--match-tag* _tag_] [*--match-token* _NAME=value_] [_device_...]" msgstr "*blkid* [*--no-encoding* *--garbage-collect* *--list-one* *--cache-file* _file_] [*--output* _format_] [*--match-tag* _tag_] [*--match-token* _NAME=value_] [_device_...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:25 msgid "*blkid* *--probe* [*--offset* _offset_] [*--output* _format_] [*--size* _size_] [*--match-tag* _tag_] [*--match-types* _list_] [*--usages* _list_] [*--no-part-details*] _device_..." msgstr "*blkid* *--probe* [*--offset* _offset_] [*--output* _format_] [*--size* _size_] [*--match-tag* _tag_] [*--match-types* _list_] [*--usages* _list_] [*--no-part-details*] _device_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:27 msgid "*blkid* *--info* [*--output format*] [*--match-tag* _tag_] _device_..." msgstr "*blkid* *--info* [*--output format*] [*--match-tag* _tag_] _device_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:31 msgid "The *blkid* program is the command-line interface to working with the *libblkid*(3) library. It can determine the type of content (e.g., filesystem or swap) that a block device holds, and also the attributes (tokens, NAME=value pairs) from the content metadata (e.g., LABEL or UUID fields)." msgstr "*blkid* 程式是操作 *libblkid*(3) 函式庫的命令列介面。它可以判斷區塊裝置所容納的內容類型（例如檔案系統或 swap），以及從內容中繼資料（例如 LABEL 或 UUID 欄位）取得屬性（token、NAME=value 配對）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:33 msgid "*It is recommended to use* *lsblk*(8) *command to get information about block devices, or lsblk --fs to get an overview of filesystems, or* *findmnt*(8) *to search in already mounted filesystems.*" msgstr "*建議使用* *lsblk*(8) *命令取得區塊裝置的資訊，或使用 lsblk --fs 取得檔案系統的概覽，或使用* *findmnt*(8) *在已掛載的檔案系統中搜尋。*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:36 msgid "*lsblk*(8) provides more information, better control on output formatting, easy to use in scripts and it does not require root permissions to get actual information. *blkid* reads information directly from devices and for non-root users it returns cached unverified information. *blkid* is mostly designed for system services and to test *libblkid*(3) functionality." msgstr "*lsblk*(8) 提供更多資訊、對輸出格式有更好的控制、易於在腳本中使用，而且不需要 root 權限即可取得實際資訊。*blkid* 直接從裝置讀取資訊，對非 root 使用者則傳回快取的未驗證資訊。*blkid* 主要設計用於系統服務以及測試 *libblkid*(3) 的功能。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:39 msgid "When _device_ is specified, tokens from only this device are displayed. It is possible to specify multiple _device_ arguments on the command line. If none is given, all partitions or unpartitioned devices which appear in _/proc/partitions_ are shown, if they are recognized." msgstr "當指定 _device_ 時，只會顯示來自此裝置的 token。可以在命令列上指定多個 _device_ 引數。若未指定任何裝置，則會顯示 _/proc/partitions_ 中出現的所有分割區或未分割裝置（若它們能被識別）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:41 msgid "*blkid* has two main forms of operation: either searching for a device with a specific NAME=value pair, or displaying NAME=value pairs for one or more specified devices." msgstr "*blkid* 有兩種主要的操作形式：搜尋具有特定 NAME=value 配對的裝置，或顯示一個或多個指定裝置的 NAME=value 配對。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:43 msgid "For security reasons *blkid* silently ignores all devices where the probing result is ambivalent (multiple colliding filesystems are detected). The low-level probing mode (*-p*) provides more information and extra exit status in this case. It's recommended to use *wipefs*(8) to get a detailed overview and to erase obsolete stuff (magic strings) from the device." msgstr "基於安全考量，*blkid* 會靜默忽略所有探測結果模稜兩可（偵測到多個衝突的檔案系統）的裝置。在此情況下，低階探測模式（*-p*）會提供更多資訊與額外的結束狀態。建議使用 *wipefs*(8) 取得詳細概覽，並從裝置上清除過時的內容（magic 字串）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:47 msgid "The _size_ and _offset_ arguments may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes like KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\"), or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB." msgstr "_size_ 與 _offset_ 引數後面可以接乘數後綴，例如 KiB（=1024）、MiB（=1024*1024），依此類推 GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB（「iB」為可選，例如「K」與「KiB」意義相同），或後綴 KB（=1000）、MB（=1000*1000），依此類推 GB、TB、PB、EB、ZB 與 YB。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--cache-file* _cachefile_" msgstr "*-c*, *--cache-file* _cachefile_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:50 msgid "Read from _cachefile_ instead of reading from the default cache file (see the *CONFIGURATION FILE* section for more details). If you want to start with a clean cache (i.e., don't report devices previously scanned but not necessarily available at this time), specify _/dev/null_." msgstr "從 _cachefile_ 讀取，而不是從預設的快取檔讀取（更多細節請參閱 *組態檔* 一節）。若您想以乾淨的快取開始（亦即不回報先前掃描過但此時不一定可用的裝置），請指定 _/dev/null_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--no-encoding*" msgstr "*-d*, *--no-encoding*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:53 msgid "Don't encode non-printing characters. The non-printing characters are encoded by ^ and M- notation by default. Note that the *--output udev* output format uses a different encoding which cannot be disabled." msgstr "不要編碼非列印字元。非列印字元預設會以 ^ 與 M- 記號編碼。請注意，*--output udev* 輸出格式使用無法停用的不同編碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-D*, *--no-part-details*" msgstr "*-D*, *--no-part-details*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:56 msgid "Don't print information (PART_ENTRY_* tags) from partition table in low-level probing mode." msgstr "在低階探測模式中，不要印出來自分割區表的資訊（PART_ENTRY_* 標籤）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--garbage-collect*" msgstr "*-g*, *--garbage-collect*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:59 msgid "Perform a garbage collection pass on the blkid cache to remove devices which no longer exist." msgstr "對 blkid 快取執行一次垃圾收集，以移除已不存在的裝置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-H*, *--hint* _setting_" msgstr "*-H*, *--hint* _setting_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:64 msgid "Set probing hint. The hints are an optional way to force probing functions to check, for example, another location. The currently supported is \"session_offset=_number_\" to set session offset on multi-session UDF." msgstr "設定探測提示。提示是強制探測函式檢查（例如）其他位置的可選方式。目前支援的是「session_offset=_number_」，用於在多工作階段 UDF 上設定工作階段偏移。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:65 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--info*" msgstr "*-i*, *--info*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:67 msgid "Display information about I/O Limits (aka I/O topology). The 'export' output format is automatically enabled. This option can be used together with the *--probe* option." msgstr "顯示關於 I/O 限制（又稱 I/O 拓撲）的資訊。會自動啟用「export」輸出格式。此選項可以與 *--probe* 選項一起使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-k*, *--list-filesystems*" msgstr "*-k*, *--list-filesystems*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:70 msgid "List all known filesystems and RAIDs and exit." msgstr "列出所有已知的檔案系統與 RAID，然後結束。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list-one*" msgstr "*-l*, *--list-one*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:73 msgid "Look up only one device that matches the search parameter specified with the *--match-token* option. If there are multiple devices that match the specified search parameter, then the device with the highest priority is returned, and/or the first device found at a given priority (but see below note about udev). Device types in order of decreasing priority are: Device Mapper, EVMS, LVM, MD, and finally regular block devices. If this option is not specified, *blkid* will print all of the devices that match the search parameter." msgstr "只查詢一個符合 *--match-token* 選項所指定搜尋參數的裝置。若有多個裝置符合指定的搜尋參數，則會傳回優先權最高的裝置，及／或在給定優先權下第一個找到的裝置（但請參閱下方關於 udev 的附註）。依優先權遞減排序的裝置類型為：Device Mapper、EVMS、LVM、MD，最後是一般區塊裝置。若未指定此選項，*blkid* 會印出所有符合搜尋參數的裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:75 msgid "This option forces *blkid* to use udev when used for LABEL or UUID tokens in *--match-token*. The goal is to provide output consistent with other utils (like *mount*(8), etc.) on systems where the same tag is used for multiple devices." msgstr "此選項會強制 *blkid* 在 *--match-token* 中用於 LABEL 或 UUID token 時使用 udev。其目標是在同一標籤用於多個裝置的系統上，提供與其他工具（如 *mount*(8) 等）一致的輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:78 msgid "Look up the device that uses this filesystem _label_; this is equal to **--list-one --output device --match-token LABEL=**__label__. This lookup method is able to reliably use /dev/disk/by-label udev symlinks (dependent on a setting in _/etc/blkid.conf_). Avoid using the symlinks directly; it is not reliable to use the symlinks without verification. The *--label* option works on systems with and without udev." msgstr "查詢使用此檔案系統 _label_ 的裝置；這等同於 **--list-one --output device --match-token LABEL=**__label__。此查詢方法能可靠地使用 /dev/disk/by-label udev 符號連結（取決於 _/etc/blkid.conf_ 中的設定）。請避免直接使用符號連結；未經驗證就使用符號連結並不可靠。*--label* 選項在具備與不具備 udev 的系統上都能運作。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:80 msgid "Unfortunately, the original *blkid*(8) from e2fsprogs uses the *-L* option as a synonym for *-o list*. For better portability, use **-l -o device -t LABEL=**__label__ and *-o list* in your scripts rather than the *-L* option." msgstr "不幸的是，來自 e2fsprogs 的原始 *blkid*(8) 將 *-L* 選項用作 *-o list* 的同義詞。為了更好的可攜性，請在您的腳本中使用 **-l -o device -t LABEL=**__label__ 與 *-o list*，而不是 *-L* 選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--match-types* _list_" msgstr "*-n*, *--match-types* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:83 msgid "Restrict the probing functions to the specified (comma-separated) _list_ of superblock types (names). The list items may be prefixed with \"no\" to specify the types which should be ignored. For example:" msgstr "將探測函式限制為指定的（以逗號分隔）superblock 類型（名稱）_list_。清單項目可以加上「no」前綴，以指定應忽略的類型。例如：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:85 msgid "*blkid --probe --match-types vfat,ext3,ext4 /dev/sda1*" msgstr "*blkid --probe --match-types vfat,ext3,ext4 /dev/sda1*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:87 msgid "probes for vfat, ext3 and ext4 filesystems, and" msgstr "探測 vfat、ext3 與 ext4 檔案系統，以及" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:89 msgid "*blkid --probe --match-types nominix /dev/sda1*" msgstr "*blkid --probe --match-types nominix /dev/sda1*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:91 msgid "probes for all supported formats except minix filesystems. This option is only useful together with *--probe*." msgstr "探測除 minix 檔案系統以外的所有支援格式。此選項只有與 *--probe* 一起使用時才有用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--output* _format_" msgstr "*-o*, *--output* _format_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:94 msgid "Use the specified output format. Note that the order of variables and devices is not fixed. See also option *-s*. The _format_ parameter may be:" msgstr "使用指定的輸出格式。請注意，變數與裝置的順序並非固定。另請參閱 *-s* 選項。_format_ 參數可以是：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "*full*" msgstr "*full*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:97 msgid "print all tags (the default)" msgstr "印出所有標籤（預設）" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*value*" msgstr "*value*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:99 msgid "print the value of the tags" msgstr "印出標籤的值" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*list*" msgstr "*list*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:101 msgid "print the devices in a user-friendly format; this output format is unsupported for low-level probing (*--probe* or *--info*)." msgstr "以使用者友善的格式印出裝置；此輸出格式不支援低階探測（*--probe* 或 *--info*）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:103 msgid "This output format is *DEPRECATED* in favour of the *lsblk*(8) command." msgstr "此輸出格式已*淘汰*，改用 *lsblk*(8) 命令。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*device*" msgstr "*device*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:105 msgid "print the device name only; this output format is always enabled for the *--label* and *--uuid* options" msgstr "只印出裝置名稱；此輸出格式對 *--label* 與 *--uuid* 選項一律啟用" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:105 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:196 #, no-wrap msgid "*udev*" msgstr "*udev*" #. TRANSLATORS: Please keep {underscore} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:108 msgid "print key=\"value\" pairs for easy import into the udev environment; the keys are prefixed by ID_FS_ or ID_PART_ prefixes. The value may be modified to be safe for udev environment; allowed is plain ASCII, hex-escaping and valid UTF-8, everything else (including whitespaces) is replaced with '{underscore}'. The keys with __ENC_ postfix use hex-escaping for unsafe chars." msgstr "印出 key=\"value\" 配對，以便輕鬆匯入 udev 環境；鍵會加上 ID_FS_ 或 ID_PART_ 前綴。值可能會被修改以確保 udev 環境安全；允許純 ASCII、十六進位跳脫與有效的 UTF-8，其他一切（包括空白字元）都會以「{underscore}」取代。帶有 __ENC_ 後綴的鍵會對不安全的字元使用十六進位跳脫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:110 msgid "The udev output returns the ID_FS_AMBIVALENT tag if more superblocks are detected, and ID_PART_ENTRY_* tags are always returned for all partitions including empty partitions." msgstr "若偵測到多個 superblock，udev 輸出會傳回 ID_FS_AMBIVALENT 標籤，而且對所有分割區（包括空分割區）一律傳回 ID_PART_ENTRY_* 標籤。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:112 msgid "This output format is *DEPRECATED*." msgstr "此輸出格式已*淘汰*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "*export*" msgstr "*export*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:114 msgid "print key=value pairs for easy import into the environment; this output format is automatically enabled when I/O Limits (*--info* option) are requested." msgstr "印出 key=value 配對，以便輕鬆匯入環境；當要求 I/O 限制（*--info* 選項）時，會自動啟用此輸出格式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:116 msgid "The non-printing characters are encoded by ^ and M- notation and all potentially unsafe characters are escaped." msgstr "非列印字元會以 ^ 與 M- 記號編碼，所有潛在不安全的字元都會被跳脫。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "*json*" msgstr "*json*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:118 msgid "Print the tags entries in JSON objects." msgstr "以 JSON 物件印出標籤項目。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:119 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--offset* _offset_" msgstr "*-O*, *--offset* _offset_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:121 msgid "Probe at the given _offset_ (only useful with *--probe*). This option can be used together with the *--info* option." msgstr "在給定的 _offset_ 處探測（只有與 *--probe* 一起使用時才有用）。此選項可以與 *--info* 選項一起使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--probe*" msgstr "*-p*, *--probe*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:124 msgid "Switch to low-level superblock probing mode (bypassing the cache)." msgstr "切換到低階 superblock 探測模式（略過快取）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:126 msgid "Note that low-level probing also returns information about partition table type (PTTYPE tag) and partitions (PART_ENTRY_* tags). The tag names produced by low-level probing are based on names used internally by libblkid and it may be different than when executed without *--probe* (for example PART_ENTRY_UUID= vs PARTUUID=). See also *--no-part-details*." msgstr "請注意，低階探測也會傳回關於分割區表類型（PTTYPE 標籤）與分割區（PART_ENTRY_* 標籤）的資訊。低階探測產生的標籤名稱是基於 libblkid 內部使用的名稱，可能與未使用 *--probe* 執行時不同（例如 PART_ENTRY_UUID= 對比 PARTUUID=）。另請參閱 *--no-part-details*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--match-tag* _tag_" msgstr "*-s*, *--match-tag* _tag_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:129 msgid "For each (specified) device, show only the tags that match _tag_. It is possible to specify multiple *--match-tag* options. If no tag is specified, then all tokens are shown for all (specified) devices. In order to just refresh the cache without showing any tokens, use *--match-tag none* with no other options." msgstr "對每個（指定的）裝置，只顯示符合 _tag_ 的標籤。可以指定多個 *--match-tag* 選項。若未指定標籤，則會對所有（指定的）裝置顯示所有 token。若只想重新整理快取而不顯示任何 token，請使用 *--match-tag none* 且不搭配其他選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:130 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:160 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--size* _size_" msgstr "*-S*, *--size* _size_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:132 msgid "Override the size of device/file (only useful with *--probe*)." msgstr "覆寫裝置／檔案的大小（只有與 *--probe* 一起使用時才有用）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:133 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--match-token* _NAME=value_" msgstr "*-t*, *--match-token* _NAME=value_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:135 msgid "Search for block devices with tokens named _NAME_ that have the value _value_, and display any devices which are found. Common values for _NAME_ include *TYPE*, *LABEL*, and *UUID*. If there are no devices specified on the command line, all block devices will be searched; otherwise only the specified devices are searched." msgstr "搜尋具有名為 _NAME_ 且值為 _value_ 之 token 的區塊裝置，並顯示任何找到的裝置。_NAME_ 的常見值包括 *TYPE*、*LABEL* 與 *UUID*。若命令列上未指定任何裝置，則會搜尋所有區塊裝置；否則只會搜尋指定的裝置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:136 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--usages* _list_" msgstr "*-u*, *--usages* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:138 msgid "Restrict the probing functions to the specified (comma-separated) _list_ of \"usage\" types. Supported usage types are: filesystem, raid, crypto and other. The list items may be prefixed with \"no\" to specify the usage types which should be ignored. For example:" msgstr "將探測函式限制為指定的（以逗號分隔）「usage」類型 _list_。支援的 usage 類型為：filesystem、raid、crypto 與 other。清單項目可以加上「no」前綴，以指定應忽略的 usage 類型。例如：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:140 msgid "*blkid --probe --usages filesystem,other /dev/sda1*" msgstr "*blkid --probe --usages filesystem,other /dev/sda1*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:142 msgid "probes for all filesystem and other (e.g., swap) formats, and" msgstr "探測所有檔案系統與其他（例如 swap）格式，以及" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:144 msgid "*blkid --probe --usages noraid /dev/sda1*" msgstr "*blkid --probe --usages noraid /dev/sda1*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:146 msgid "probes for all supported formats except RAIDs. This option is only useful together with *--probe*." msgstr "探測除 RAID 以外的所有支援格式。此選項只有與 *--probe* 一起使用時才有用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:147 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:486 #, no-wrap msgid "*-U*, *--uuid* _uuid_" msgstr "*-U*, *--uuid* _uuid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:149 msgid "Look up the device that uses this filesystem _uuid_. For more details see the *--label* option." msgstr "查詢使用此檔案系統 _uuid_ 的裝置。更多細節請參閱 *--label* 選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:155 msgid "If the specified device or device addressed by specified token (option *--match-token*) was found and it's possible to gather any information about the device, an exit status 0 is returned. Note the option *--match-tag* filters output tags, but it does not affect exit status." msgstr "若找到指定的裝置或由指定 token（*--match-token* 選項）定址的裝置，且能收集到關於該裝置的任何資訊，則傳回結束狀態 0。請注意，*--match-tag* 選項會篩選輸出的標籤，但不會影響結束狀態。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:157 msgid "If the specified token was not found, or no (specified) devices could be identified, or it is impossible to gather any information about the device identifiers or device content an exit status of 2 is returned." msgstr "若找不到指定的 token，或無法識別任何（指定的）裝置，或無法收集關於裝置識別碼或裝置內容的任何資訊，則傳回結束狀態 2。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:159 msgid "For usage or other errors, an exit status of 4 is returned." msgstr "對於使用或其他錯誤，傳回結束狀態 4。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:161 msgid "If an ambivalent probing result was detected by low-level probing mode (*-p*), an exit status of 8 is returned." msgstr "若低階探測模式（*-p*）偵測到模稜兩可的探測結果，則傳回結束狀態 8。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:165 msgid "The standard location of the _/etc/blkid.conf_ config file can be overridden by the environment variable *BLKID_CONF*. The following options control the libblkid library:" msgstr "_/etc/blkid.conf_ 組態檔的標準位置可以由環境變數 *BLKID_CONF* 覆寫。下列選項控制 libblkid 函式庫：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:166 #, no-wrap msgid "_SEND_UEVENT=_" msgstr "_SEND_UEVENT=_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:168 msgid "Sends uevent when _/dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,partuuid,partlabel}/_ symlink does not match with LABEL, UUID, PARTUUID or PARTLABEL on the device. Default is \"yes\"." msgstr "當 _/dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,partuuid,partlabel}/_ 符號連結與裝置上的 LABEL、UUID、PARTUUID 或 PARTLABEL 不符時，傳送 uevent。預設為「yes」。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:169 #, no-wrap msgid "_CACHE_FILE=_" msgstr "_CACHE_FILE=_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:171 msgid "Overrides the standard location of the cache file. This setting can be overridden by the environment variable *BLKID_FILE*. Default is _/run/blkid/blkid.tab_, or _/etc/blkid.tab_ on systems without a _/run_ directory." msgstr "覆寫快取檔的標準位置。此設定可以由環境變數 *BLKID_FILE* 覆寫。預設為 _/run/blkid/blkid.tab_，或在沒有 _/run_ 目錄的系統上為 _/etc/blkid.tab_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:172 #, no-wrap msgid "_EVALUATE=_" msgstr "_EVALUATE=_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:174 msgid "Defines LABEL and UUID evaluation method(s). Currently, the libblkid library supports the \"udev\" and \"scan\" methods. More than one method may be specified in a comma-separated list. Default is \"udev,scan\". The \"udev\" method uses udev _/dev/disk/by-*_ symlinks and the \"scan\" method scans all block devices from the _/proc/partitions_ file." msgstr "定義 LABEL 與 UUID 的評估方法。目前，libblkid 函式庫支援「udev」與「scan」方法。可以在以逗號分隔的清單中指定多個方法。預設為「udev,scan」。「udev」方法使用 udev 的 _/dev/disk/by-*_ 符號連結，「scan」方法則掃描 _/proc/partitions_ 檔案中的所有區塊裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:178 msgid "Setting _LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all_ enables debug output." msgstr "設定 _LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all_ 會啟用除錯輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:182 msgid "*blkid* was written by Andreas Dilger for libblkid and improved by Theodore Ts'o and Karel Zak." msgstr "*blkid* 由 Andreas Dilger 為 libblkid 撰寫，並由 Theodore Ts'o 與 Karel Zak 改進。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:189 msgid "*libblkid*(3), *findfs*(8), *lsblk*(8), *wipefs*(8)" msgstr "*libblkid*(3)、*findfs*(8)、*lsblk*(8)、*wipefs*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "cal(1)" msgstr "cal(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:52 msgid "cal - display a calendar" msgstr "cal - 顯示行事曆" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:56 msgid "*cal* [options] [[[_day_] _month_] _year_]" msgstr "*cal* [options] [[[_day_] _month_] _year_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:58 msgid "*cal* [options] [_timestamp_|_monthname_]" msgstr "*cal* [options] [_timestamp_|_monthname_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:62 msgid "*cal* displays a simple calendar. If no arguments are specified, the current month is displayed." msgstr "*cal* 顯示一個簡單的行事曆。若未指定任何引數，則顯示當月。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:64 msgid "The _month_ may be specified as a number (1-12), as a month name or as an abbreviated month name according to the current locales." msgstr "_month_ 可以指定為數字（1-12）、月份名稱或依目前地區設定縮寫的月份名稱。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:66 msgid "Two different calendar systems are used, Gregorian and Julian. These are nearly identical systems with Gregorian making a small adjustment to the frequency of leap years; this facilitates improved synchronization with solar events like the equinoxes. The Gregorian calendar reform was introduced in 1582, but its adoption continued up to 1923. By default *cal* uses the adoption date of 3 Sept 1752. From that date forward the Gregorian calendar is displayed; previous dates use the Julian calendar system. 11 days were removed at the time of adoption to bring the calendar in sync with solar events. So Sept 1752 has a mix of Julian and Gregorian dates by which the 2nd is followed by the 14th (the 3rd through the 13th are absent)." msgstr "使用兩種不同的曆法系統：格里曆（Gregorian）與儒略曆（Julian）。這兩個系統幾乎相同，格里曆對閏年的頻率做了小幅調整；這有助於改善與春分、秋分等太陽事件的同步。格里曆改革於 1582 年引入，但其採用一直持續到 1923 年。*cal* 預設使用 1752 年 9 月 3 日的採用日期。從該日期起顯示格里曆；此前的日期使用儒略曆系統。採用時移除了 11 天，以使曆法與太陽事件同步。因此 1752 年 9 月混合了儒略曆與格里曆日期，其中 2 日之後是 14 日（3 日至 13 日不存在）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:68 msgid "Optionally, either the proleptic Gregorian calendar or the Julian calendar may be used exclusively. See *--reform* below." msgstr "可選擇性地，可以單獨使用先驗格里曆（proleptic Gregorian）或儒略曆。請參閱下方的 *--reform*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-1*, *--one*" msgstr "*-1*, *--one*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:73 msgid "Display single month output. (This is the default.)" msgstr "顯示單一月份的輸出。（這是預設。）" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-3*, *--three*" msgstr "*-3*, *--three*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:76 msgid "Display three months spanning the date." msgstr "顯示涵蓋該日期的三個月份。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n , --months* _number_" msgstr "*-n , --months* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:79 msgid "Display _number_ of months, starting from the month containing the date." msgstr "顯示 _number_ 個月份，從包含該日期的月份開始。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S, --span*" msgstr "*-S, --span*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:82 msgid "Display months spanning the date." msgstr "顯示涵蓋該日期的月份。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--sunday*" msgstr "*-s*, *--sunday*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:85 msgid "Display Sunday as the first day of the week." msgstr "顯示星期日為一週的第一天。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--monday*" msgstr "*-m*, *--monday*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:88 msgid "Display Monday as the first day of the week." msgstr "顯示星期一為一週的第一天。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:89 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--vertical*" msgstr "*-v*, *--vertical*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:91 msgid "Display using a vertical layout (aka *ncal*(1) mode)." msgstr "使用垂直版面顯示（又稱 *ncal*(1) 模式）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*--iso*" msgstr "*--iso*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:94 msgid "Display the proleptic Gregorian calendar exclusively. This option does not affect week numbers and the first day of the week. See *--reform* below." msgstr "單獨顯示先驗格里曆。此選項不影響週數與一週的第一天。請參閱下方的 *--reform*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "*-j*, *--julian*" msgstr "*-j*, *--julian*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:97 msgid "Use day-of-year numbering for all calendars. These are also called ordinal days. Ordinal days range from 1 to 366. This option does not switch from the Gregorian to the Julian calendar system, that is controlled by the *--reform* option." msgstr "對所有曆法使用年內日編號。這些也稱為序數日（ordinal days）。序數日的範圍從 1 到 366。此選項不會從格里曆切換到儒略曆系統，那是由 *--reform* 選項控制的。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:99 msgid "Sometimes Gregorian calendars using ordinal dates are referred to as Julian calendars. This can be confusing due to the many date related conventions that use Julian in their name: (ordinal) julian date, julian (calendar) date, (astronomical) julian date, (modified) julian date, and more. This option is named julian, because ordinal days are identified as julian by the POSIX standard. However, be aware that *cal* also uses the Julian calendar system. See *DESCRIPTION* above." msgstr "有時使用序數日期的格里曆被稱為儒略曆。由於許多與日期相關的慣例名稱中都使用 Julian，這可能令人困惑：（序數）julian date、julian（曆法）date、（天文）julian date、（修正）julian date 等等。此選項命名為 julian，是因為 POSIX 標準將序數日識別為 julian。然而，請注意 *cal* 也使用儒略曆系統。請參閱上方的 *說明*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:100 #, no-wrap msgid "*--reform* _val_" msgstr "*--reform* _val_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:102 msgid "This option sets the adoption date of the Gregorian calendar reform. Calendar dates previous to reform use the Julian calendar system. Calendar dates after reform use the Gregorian calendar system. The argument _val_ can be:" msgstr "此選項設定格里曆改革的採用日期。改革之前的曆法日期使用儒略曆系統。改革之後的曆法日期使用格里曆系統。引數 _val_ 可以是：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:104 msgid "_1752_ - sets 3 September 1752 as the reform date (default). This is when the Gregorian calendar reform was adopted by the British Empire." msgstr "_1752_ - 將 1752 年 9 月 3 日設為改革日期（預設）。這是大英帝國採用格里曆改革的時間。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:105 msgid "_gregorian_ - display Gregorian calendars exclusively. This special placeholder sets the reform date below the smallest year that *cal* can use; meaning all calendar output uses the Gregorian calendar system. This is called the proleptic Gregorian calendar, because dates prior to the calendar system's creation use extrapolated values." msgstr "_gregorian_ - 單獨顯示格里曆。此特殊佔位符將改革日期設在 *cal* 能使用的最小年份之下；意即所有曆法輸出都使用格里曆系統。這稱為先驗格里曆，因為在曆法系統建立之前的日期使用外推值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:106 msgid "_iso_ - alias of _gregorian_. The ISO 8601 standard for the representation of dates and times in information interchange requires using the proleptic Gregorian calendar." msgstr "_iso_ - _gregorian_ 的別名。ISO 8601 標準用於資訊交換中日期與時間的表示，要求使用先驗格里曆。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:107 msgid "_julian_ - display Julian calendars exclusively. This special placeholder sets the reform date above the largest year that *cal* can use; meaning all calendar output uses the Julian calendar system." msgstr "_julian_ - 單獨顯示儒略曆。此特殊佔位符將改革日期設在 *cal* 能使用的最大年份之上；意即所有曆法輸出都使用儒略曆系統。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:110 msgid "See *DESCRIPTION* above." msgstr "請參閱上方的 *說明*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:111 #, no-wrap msgid "*-y*, *--year*" msgstr "*-y*, *--year*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:113 msgid "Display a calendar for the whole year." msgstr "顯示整年的行事曆。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:114 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Y, --twelve*" msgstr "*-Y, --twelve*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:116 msgid "Display a calendar for the next twelve months." msgstr "顯示接下來十二個月的行事曆。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:117 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--week*[**=**_number_]" msgstr "*-w*, *--week*[**=**_number_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:122 msgid "Display week numbers in the calendar according to the US or ISO-8601 format. If a _number_ is specified, the requested week in the desired or current year will be printed and its number highlighted. The _number_ may be ignored if _month_ is also specified." msgstr "依美國或 ISO-8601 格式在行事曆中顯示週數。若指定 _number_，則會印出所需或目前年份中要求的週，並將其編號標示出來。若同時指定 _month_，則 _number_ 可能會被忽略。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:125 msgid "If the _number_ is specified but the current day is unspecified on the command line, then the current day is not highlighted." msgstr "若指定 _number_，但命令列上未指定目前日期，則不會標示目前日期。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:127 msgid "See the *NOTES* section for more details." msgstr "更多細節請參閱 *附註* 一節。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:128 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:223 #, no-wrap msgid "*--color*[**=**_when_]" msgstr "*--color*[**=**_when_]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c, --columns*=_columns_" msgstr "*-c, --columns*=_columns_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:133 msgid "Number of columns to use. *auto* uses as many as fit the terminal." msgstr "要使用的欄數。*auto* 使用盡可能符合終端機的欄數。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:138 #, no-wrap msgid "*Single digits-only parameter (e.g., 'cal 2020')*" msgstr "*僅數字的單一參數（例如「cal 2020」）*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:140 msgid "Specifies the _year_ to be displayed; note the year must be fully specified: *cal 89* will not display a calendar for 1989." msgstr "指定要顯示的 _year_；請注意年份必須完整指定：*cal 89* 不會顯示 1989 年的行事曆。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "*Single string parameter (e.g., 'cal tomorrow' or 'cal August')*" msgstr "*單一字串參數（例如「cal tomorrow」或「cal August」）*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:143 msgid "Specifies _timestamp_ or a _month name_ (or abbreviated name) according to the current locales." msgstr "依目前地區設定指定 _timestamp_ 或 _month name_（或縮寫名稱）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:145 msgid "The special placeholders are accepted when parsing timestamp, \"now\" may be used to refer to the current time, \"today\", \"yesterday\", \"tomorrow\" refer to of the current day, the day before or the next day, respectively." msgstr "解析 timestamp 時接受特殊佔位符，「now」可用來指目前時間，「today」、「yesterday」、「tomorrow」分別指目前日期、前一天或後一天。" #. TRANSLATORS: Please keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:147 msgid "The relative date specifications are also accepted, in this case \"{plus}\" is evaluated to the current time plus the specified time span. Correspondingly, a time span that is prefixed with \"-\" is evaluated to the current time minus the specified time span, for example '{plus}2days'. Instead of prefixing the time span with \"{plus}\" or \"-\", it may also be suffixed with a space and the word \"left\" or \"ago\" (for example '1 week ago')." msgstr "也接受相對日期規格，在此情況下「{plus}」會被求值為目前時間加上指定的時間跨度。相對應地，以「-」為前綴的時間跨度會被求值為目前時間減去指定的時間跨度，例如「{plus}2days」。除了以「{plus}」或「-」作為時間跨度的前綴外，也可以在後面加上一個空格與「left」或「ago」字詞（例如「1 week ago」）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "*Two parameters (e.g., 'cal 11 2020')*" msgstr "*兩個參數（例如「cal 11 2020」）*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:151 msgid "Denote the _month_ (1 - 12) and _year_." msgstr "表示 _month_（1 - 12）與 _year_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:152 #, no-wrap msgid "*Three parameters (e.g., 'cal 25 11 2020')*" msgstr "*三個參數（例如「cal 25 11 2020」）*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:154 msgid "Denote the _day_ (1-31), _month and year_, and the day will be highlighted if the calendar is displayed on a terminal. If no parameters are specified, the current month's calendar is displayed." msgstr "表示 _day_（1-31）、_month and year_，若行事曆顯示在終端機上，則該日會被標示出來。若未指定任何參數，則顯示當月的行事曆。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:158 msgid "A year starts on January 1. The first day of the week is determined by the locale or the *--sunday* and *--monday* options." msgstr "一年從 1 月 1 日開始。一週的第一天由地區設定或 *--sunday* 與 *--monday* 選項決定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:160 msgid "The week numbering depends on the choice of the first day of the week. If it is Sunday then the customary North American numbering is used, where 1 January is in week number 1. If it is Monday (*-m*) then the ISO 8601 standard week numbering is used, where the first Thursday is in week number 1." msgstr "週數編號取決於一週第一天的選擇。若為星期日，則使用慣用的北美編號，其中 1 月 1 日在第 1 週。若為星期一（*-m*），則使用 ISO 8601 標準週數編號，其中第一個星期四在第 1 週。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:163 msgid "The logical color names supported by *cal* are:" msgstr "*cal* 支援的邏輯顏色名稱有：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:164 #, no-wrap msgid "*today*" msgstr "*today*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:166 msgid "The current day." msgstr "目前日期。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:167 #, no-wrap msgid "*weeknumber*" msgstr "*weeknumber*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:169 msgid "The week number requested by the --week= command line option." msgstr "由 --week= 命令列選項要求的週數。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "*weeks*" msgstr "*weeks*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:172 msgid "The number of the week." msgstr "該週的編號。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:175 msgid "The header of a month." msgstr "月份的表頭。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:176 #, no-wrap msgid "*workday*" msgstr "*workday*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:178 msgid "Days that fall within the work-week." msgstr "落在工作週內的日期。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:179 #, no-wrap msgid "*weekend*" msgstr "*weekend*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:181 msgid "Days that fall outside the work-week." msgstr "落在工作週之外的日期。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:183 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:288 msgid "For example:" msgstr "例如：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:185 msgid "echo -e 'weekend 35\\ntoday 1;41\\nheader yellow' > $HOME/.config/terminal-colors.d/cal.scheme" msgstr "echo -e 'weekend 35\\ntoday 1;41\\nheader yellow' > $HOME/.config/terminal-colors.d/cal.scheme" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:190 msgid "A *cal* command appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX." msgstr "*cal* 命令出現在 Version 6 AT&T UNIX 中。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:194 msgid "The default *cal* output uses 3 September 1752 as the Gregorian calendar reform date. The historical reform dates for the other locales, including its introduction in October 1582, are not implemented." msgstr "預設的 *cal* 輸出使用 1752 年 9 月 3 日作為格里曆改革日期。其他地區設定的歷史改革日期（包括 1582 年 10 月的引入）並未實作。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:196 msgid "Alternative calendars, such as the Umm al-Qura, the Solar Hijri, the Ge'ez, or the lunisolar Hindu, are not supported." msgstr "不支援其他曆法，例如 Umm al-Qura、Solar Hijri、Ge'ez 或陰陽合曆的 Hindu。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:200 msgid "*terminal-colors.d*(5)" msgstr "*terminal-colors.d*(5)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange(1)" msgstr "copyfilerange(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:12 msgid "copyfilerange - copy range(s) from source to destination file" msgstr "copyfilerange - 將範圍從來源檔複製到目的檔" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:16 msgid "*copyfilerange* [options] _source_ _destination_ _range_..." msgstr "*copyfilerange* [options] _source_ _destination_ _range_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:21 msgid "The *copyfilerange* command copies byte ranges from source to destination file. It is a wrapper around the *copy_file_range*(2) system call." msgstr "*copyfilerange* 命令將位元組範圍從來源檔複製到目的檔。它是 *copy_file_range*(2) 系統呼叫的包裝。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:24 msgid "The command can be used to create files with unallocated gaps (sparse files) and/or with shared blocks between multiple files (reflinks)." msgstr "此命令可用來建立具有未配置間隙（稀疏檔）及／或在多個檔案之間共用區塊（reflink）的檔案。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:28 msgid "Each _range_ is of the form _source_offset_**:**_destination_offset_**:**_length_, with all values in bytes. If _length_ is 0, then as much data as is available is copied. Multiple ranges may be supplied." msgstr "每個 _range_ 的形式為 _source_offset_**:**_destination_offset_**:**_length_，所有值都以位元組為單位。若 _length_ 為 0，則複製盡可能多的可用資料。可以提供多個範圍。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:31 msgid "When one or both of the offsets are omitted, the operation uses the last-used file location, starting with 0." msgstr "當省略其中一個或兩個偏移時，操作會使用最後使用的檔案位置，從 0 開始。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--ranges* _file_" msgstr "*-r*, *--ranges* _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:36 msgid "Read range(s) separated by newlines from this _file_." msgstr "從此 _file_ 讀取以換行分隔的範圍。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:39 msgid "Verbose output of the copied ranges." msgstr "已複製範圍的詳細輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:48 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:36 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:52 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:74 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:52 msgid "unspecified failure" msgstr "未指定的失敗" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:52 msgid "The *copy_file_range*(2) system call has some serious caveats: the source and destination files must use the same filesystem type, and some virtual filesystems (like procfs) won't work. *copy_file_range*(2) will use reflinks when the filesystem supports this. To use reflinks, the file range most often needs to align with the filesystem block size on both the source and destination file." msgstr "*copy_file_range*(2) 系統呼叫有一些嚴重的注意事項：來源檔與目的檔必須使用相同的檔案系統類型，而且某些虛擬檔案系統（如 procfs）無法運作。*copy_file_range*(2) 在檔案系統支援時會使用 reflink。要使用 reflink，檔案範圍通常需要在來源檔與目的檔上都與檔案系統的區塊大小對齊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:56 msgid "mailto:dick@mrns.nl[Dick Marinus]" msgstr "mailto:dick@mrns.nl[Dick Marinus]" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file reflink ::\n" msgstr "copyfilerange original-file reflink ::\n" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file first-block ::4096\n" msgstr "copyfilerange original-file first-block ::4096\n" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file even-blocks -r <(seq 0 8192 40960|awk '{print $1\"::4096\"}')\n" msgstr "copyfilerange original-file even-blocks -r <(seq 0 8192 40960|awk '{print $1\"::4096\"}')\n" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file sparse-file 0:1M:1\n" msgstr "copyfilerange original-file sparse-file 0:1M:1\n" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file split-first-mb ::1M\n" msgstr "copyfilerange original-file split-first-mb ::1M\n" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file split-remainder 1M::\n" msgstr "copyfilerange original-file split-remainder 1M::\n" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange split-first-mb join ::\n" msgstr "copyfilerange split-first-mb join ::\n" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange split-remainder join 1M::\n" msgstr "copyfilerange split-remainder join 1M::\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:80 msgid "*copy_file_range*(2)" msgstr "*copy_file_range*(2)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "enosys(1)" msgstr "enosys(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:12 msgid "enosys - utility to make syscalls fail with ENOSYS" msgstr "enosys - 讓系統呼叫以 ENOSYS 失敗的工具" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:16 msgid "*enosys* [*--syscall*|*-s* _syscall_] command" msgstr "*enosys* [*--syscall*|*-s* _syscall_] command" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:21 msgid "*enosys* is a simple command to execute a child process for which certain syscalls fail with errno ENOSYS." msgstr "*enosys* 是一個簡單的命令，用來執行某些系統呼叫會以 errno ENOSYS 失敗的子處理程序。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:24 msgid "It can be used to test the behavior of applications in the face of missing syscalls as would happen when running on old kernels." msgstr "它可以用來測試應用程式在缺少系統呼叫時的行為，就像在舊版系統核心上執行時會發生的情況。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--syscall*" msgstr "*-s*, *--syscall*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:30 msgid "Syscall to block with *ENOSYS*. Can be specified multiple times. An alternative error number or name can be specified with a colon." msgstr "要以 *ENOSYS* 封鎖的系統呼叫。可以指定多次。可以使用冒號指定替代的錯誤號碼或名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--ioctl*" msgstr "*-i*, *--ioctl*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:34 msgid "Ioctl to block with *ENOTTY*. Can be specified multiple times. An alternative error number or name can be specified with a colon." msgstr "要以 *ENOTTY* 封鎖的 ioctl。可以指定多次。可以使用冒號指定替代的錯誤號碼或名稱。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:37 msgid "List syscalls known to *enosys*." msgstr "列出 *enosys* 已知的系統呼叫。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--list-ioctl*" msgstr "*-m*, *--list-ioctl*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:40 msgid "List ioctls known to *enosys*." msgstr "列出 *enosys* 已知的 ioctl。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dump*[**=**_file_]" msgstr "*-d*, *--dump*[**=**_file_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:43 msgid "Dump seccomp bytecode filter to standard output." msgstr "將 seccomp 位元組碼篩選器傾印到標準輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:45 msgid "The dump can for example be used by *setpriv --seccomp-filter*." msgstr "例如，此傾印可以被 *setpriv --seccomp-filter* 使用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail syscall \"fallocate\" with ENOSYS\n" " enosys -s fallocate ...\n" msgstr "" " # fail syscall \"fallocate\" with ENOSYS\n" " enosys -s fallocate ...\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail syscall \"fallocate\" with ENOMEM\n" " enosys -s fallocate:ENOMEM ...\n" msgstr "" " # fail syscall \"fallocate\" with ENOMEM\n" " enosys -s fallocate:ENOMEM ...\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail syscall \"fallocate\" with value 12/ENOMEM\n" " enosys -s fallocate:12 ...\n" msgstr "" " # fail syscall \"fallocate\" with value 12/ENOMEM\n" " enosys -s fallocate:12 ...\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail ioctl FIOCLEX with ENOTTY\n" " enosys -i FIOCLEX ...\n" msgstr "" " # fail ioctl FIOCLEX with ENOTTY\n" " enosys -i FIOCLEX ...\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail ioctl FIOCLEX with ENOMEM\n" " enosys -i FIOCLEX:ENOMEM ...\n" msgstr "" " # fail ioctl FIOCLEX with ENOMEM\n" " enosys -i FIOCLEX:ENOMEM ...\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail ioctl FIOCLEX with value 12/ENOMEM\n" " enosys -i FIOCLEX:12 ...\n" msgstr "" " # fail ioctl FIOCLEX with value 12/ENOMEM\n" " enosys -i FIOCLEX:12 ...\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:72 msgid "*enosys* exits with the status code of the executed process. The following values have special meanings:" msgstr "*enosys* 以所執行處理程序的狀態碼結束。下列值具有特殊意義：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:75 msgid "internal error" msgstr "內部錯誤" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:78 msgid "system does not provide the necessary functionality" msgstr "系統未提供必要的功能" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:82 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:117 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:60 msgid "mailto:thomas@t-8ch.de[Thomas Weißschuh]" msgstr "mailto:thomas@t-8ch.de[Thomas Weißschuh]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:86 msgid "*syscall*(2)" msgstr "*syscall*(2)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "exch(1)" msgstr "exch(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:12 msgid "exch - atomically exchanges paths between two files" msgstr "exch - 在兩個檔案之間以原子方式交換路徑" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:16 msgid "*exch* _oldpath_ _newpath_" msgstr "*exch* _oldpath_ _newpath_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:22 msgid "*exch* atomically exchanges oldpath and newpath. *exch* is a simple command wrapping *RENAME_EXCHANGE* of *renameat2* system call." msgstr "*exch* 以原子方式交換 oldpath 與 newpath。*exch* 是包裝 *renameat2* 系統呼叫之 *RENAME_EXCHANGE* 的簡單命令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:31 msgid "*exch* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "*exch* 具有下列結束狀態值：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:40 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:56 #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:74 msgid "mailto:yamato@redhat.com[Masatake YAMATO]" msgstr "mailto:yamato@redhat.com[Masatake YAMATO]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:44 msgid "*renameat2*(2)" msgstr "*renameat2*(2)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "fadvise(1)" msgstr "fadvise(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:12 msgid "fadvise - utility to use the *posix_fadvise*(2) system call" msgstr "fadvise - 使用 *posix_fadvise*(2) 系統呼叫的工具" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:16 msgid "*fadvise* [*-a* _advice_] [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] _filename_" msgstr "*fadvise* [*-a* _advice_] [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] _filename_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:18 msgid "*fadvise* [*-a* _advice_] [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] -d _file-descriptor_" msgstr "*fadvise* [*-a* _advice_] [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] -d _file-descriptor_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:23 msgid "*fadvise* is a simple command wrapping *posix_fadvise*(2) system call that is for predeclaring an access pattern for file data." msgstr "*fadvise* 是包裝 *posix_fadvise*(2) 系統呼叫的簡單命令，用於預先宣告檔案資料的存取模式。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:26 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--fd* _file-descriptor_" msgstr "*-d*, *--fd* _file-descriptor_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:29 msgid "Apply the advice to the file specified with the file descriptor instead of open a file specified with a file name." msgstr "將建議套用到以檔案描述符指定的檔案，而不是開啟以檔案名稱指定的檔案。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:30 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--advice* _advice_" msgstr "*-a*, *--advice* _advice_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:33 msgid "See the command output with *--help* option for available values for advice. If this option is omitted, \"dontneed\" is used as default advice." msgstr "advice 的可用值請參閱 *--help* 選項的命令輸出。若省略此選項，則使用「dontneed」作為預設建議。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:37 msgid "Specifies the beginning offset of the range, in bytes. If this option is omitted, 0 is used as default advice." msgstr "指定範圍的起始偏移，以位元組為單位。若省略此選項，則使用 0 作為預設建議。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:38 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:39 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--length* _length_" msgstr "*-l*, *--length* _length_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:41 msgid "Specifies the length of the range, in bytes. If this option is omitted, 0 is used as default advice." msgstr "指定範圍的長度，以位元組為單位。若省略此選項，則使用 0 作為預設建議。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:47 msgid "*fadvise* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "*fadvise* 具有下列結束狀態值：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:60 msgid "*posix_fadvise*(2)" msgstr "*posix_fadvise*(2)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:9 #, no-wrap msgid "fincore(1)" msgstr "fincore(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:21 msgid "fincore - count pages of file contents in core" msgstr "fincore - 計算檔案內容在記憶體中的頁數" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:25 msgid "*fincore* [options] _file_..." msgstr "*fincore* [options] _file_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:32 msgid "*fincore* counts pages of file contents being resident in memory (in core), and reports the numbers. If an error occurs during counting, then an error message is printed to the stderr and *fincore* continues processing the rest of files listed in a command line. *fincore* uses the *cachestat*(2) syscall to count resident pages. If the *cachestat*(2) syscall is not available and *cachestat* usage is not forced with the *--cachestat* option, then *fincore* uses the *mincore*(2) syscall as a fallback. The *cachestat*(2) syscall is more efficient than *mincore* because it does not require a page table lock to walks page tables, and also reports more information than *mincore*, like the number of cached pages, dirty pages, pages marked for writeback, evicted pages, and recently evicted pages. Another difference between the two syscalls is that if write permissions are not granted to the file, then *cachestat*(2) returns an error, while *mincore*(2) for security reasons, returns fake data as if all pages were resident in memory (c.f.r. link:https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=134fca9063ad4851de767d1768180e5dede9a881[kernel commit \"make mincore() more conservative\"])." msgstr "*fincore* 計算檔案內容常駐在記憶體（in core）中的頁數，並回報這些數字。若在計算期間發生錯誤，則會將錯誤訊息印到 stderr，且 *fincore* 會繼續處理命令列中列出的其餘檔案。*fincore* 使用 *cachestat*(2) 系統呼叫來計算常駐頁數。若 *cachestat*(2) 系統呼叫不可用，且未以 *--cachestat* 選項強制使用 *cachestat*，則 *fincore* 會改用 *mincore*(2) 系統呼叫作為後備。*cachestat*(2) 系統呼叫比 *mincore* 更有效率，因為它不需要頁表鎖即可走訪頁表，而且也比 *mincore* 回報更多資訊，例如快取頁數、髒頁數、標記為回寫的頁數、被逐出的頁數，以及最近被逐出的頁數。這兩個系統呼叫之間的另一個差異是，若檔案未授予寫入權限，則 *cachestat*(2) 會傳回錯誤，而 *mincore*(2) 基於安全考量會傳回假資料，彷彿所有頁都常駐在記憶體中（參見 link:https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=134fca9063ad4851de767d1768180e5dede9a881[kernel commit \"make mincore() more conservative\"]）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:39 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:56 msgid "Do not print a header line in status output." msgstr "不要在狀態輸出中印出表頭列。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--total*" msgstr "*-c*, *--total*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:45 msgid "produce a grand total." msgstr "產生總計。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--cachestat*" msgstr "*-C*, *--cachestat*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:48 msgid "force usage of the *cachestat*(2) syscall instead of *mincore*(2), and fail if it's not available." msgstr "強制使用 *cachestat*(2) 系統呼叫而非 *mincore*(2)，若不可用則失敗。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:51 msgid "Define output columns. See the *--help* output to get a list of the currently supported columns. The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _{plus}list_." msgstr "定義輸出欄位。目前支援的欄位清單請參閱 *--help* 輸出。若以 _{plus}list_ 格式指定 _list_，則可以擴充預設的欄位清單。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:58 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:90 msgid "Produce output in raw format. All potentially unsafe characters are hex-escaped (\\x)." msgstr "以原始格式產生輸出。所有潛在不安全的字元都會以十六進位跳脫（\\x）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:62 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*-R*, *--recursive*" msgstr "*-R*, *--recursive*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:64 msgid "Recursively check all files in directories." msgstr "遞迴檢查目錄中的所有檔案。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:81 msgid "*mincore*(2), *getpagesize*(2), *getconf*(1p) *cachestat*(2)" msgstr "*mincore*(2)、*getpagesize*(2)、*getconf*(1p) *cachestat*(2)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "findfs(8)" msgstr "findfs(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:16 msgid "findfs - find a filesystem by label or UUID" msgstr "findfs - 依標籤或 UUID 尋找檔案系統" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:20 msgid "*findfs* _TAGNAME_**=**_value_" msgstr "*findfs* _TAGNAME_**=**_value_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:25 msgid "*findfs* will search the block devices in the system for a filesystem or partition with the specified tag. The currently supported tags are:" msgstr "*findfs* 會在系統的區塊裝置中搜尋具有指定標籤的檔案系統或分割區。目前支援的標籤有：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "**LABEL=**_label_" msgstr "**LABEL=**_label_" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:29 msgid "Specifies a filesystem label." msgstr "指定檔案系統標籤。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:30 #, no-wrap msgid "**UUID=**_uuid_" msgstr "**UUID=**_uuid_" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:32 msgid "Specifies a filesystem UUID." msgstr "指定檔案系統 UUID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "**PARTUUID=**_uuid_" msgstr "**PARTUUID=**_uuid_" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:35 msgid "Specifies a partition UUID. Partition identifiers are supported for example for GUID Partition Table (GPT) partition tables." msgstr "指定分割區 UUID。例如，GUID 分割區表（GPT）分割區表支援分割區識別碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "**PARTLABEL=**_label_" msgstr "**PARTLABEL=**_label_" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:38 msgid "Specifies a partition label (name). Partition labels are supported for example for GPT and MAC partition tables." msgstr "指定分割區標籤（名稱）。例如，GPT 與 MAC 分割區表支援分割區標籤。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:43 msgid "If the filesystem or partition is found, the device name will be printed on stdout. If the input is not in the format of _TAGNAME_**=**_value_, then the input will be copied to the output without any modification." msgstr "若找到檔案系統或分割區，則會將裝置名稱印到 stdout。若輸入不是 _TAGNAME_**=**_value_ 的格式，則輸入會被原封不動地複製到輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:46 msgid "You can get a complete overview about the filesystems and partitions in the system with one of the following commands:" msgstr "您可以使用下列其中一個命令取得系統中檔案系統與分割區的完整概覽：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:49 msgid "*lsblk --fs*" msgstr "*lsblk --fs*" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:51 msgid "*partx --show* _disk_" msgstr "*partx --show* _disk_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:198 #, no-wrap msgid "*blkid*" msgstr "*blkid*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:65 msgid "label or UUID cannot be found" msgstr "找不到標籤或 UUID" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:67 msgid "usage error, wrong number of arguments or unknown option" msgstr "使用錯誤、引數數量錯誤或未知選項" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:76 msgid "*findfs* was originally written by mailto:tytso@mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o] and re-written for the util-linux package by mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]." msgstr "*findfs* 最初由 mailto:tytso@mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o] 撰寫，並由 mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak] 為 util-linux 套件重寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:82 msgid "*blkid*(8), *lsblk*(8), *partx*(8)" msgstr "*blkid*(8)、*lsblk*(8)、*partx*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "findmnt(8)" msgstr "findmnt(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:14 msgid "findmnt - find a filesystem" msgstr "findmnt - 尋找檔案系統" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:18 msgid "*findmnt* [options]" msgstr "*findmnt* [options]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:20 msgid "*findmnt* [options] _device_|_mountpoint_" msgstr "*findmnt* [options] _device_|_mountpoint_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:22 msgid "*findmnt* [options] [*--source*] _device_ [*--target* _path_|*--mountpoint* _mountpoint_]" msgstr "*findmnt* [options] [*--source*] _device_ [*--target* _path_|*--mountpoint* _mountpoint_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:26 msgid "*findmnt* will list all mounted filesystems or search for a filesystem. The *findmnt* command is able to search in _/etc/fstab_, _/etc/mtab_ or _/proc/self/mountinfo_. If _device_ or _mountpoint_ is not given, all filesystems are shown." msgstr "*findmnt* 會列出所有已掛載的檔案系統或搜尋檔案系統。*findmnt* 命令可以在 _/etc/fstab_、_/etc/mtab_ 或 _/proc/self/mountinfo_ 中搜尋。若未指定 _device_ 或 _mountpoint_，則顯示所有檔案系統。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:28 msgid "The device may be specified by device name, major:minor numbers, filesystem label or UUID, or partition label or UUID. Note that *findmnt* follows *mount*(8) behavior where a device name may be interpreted as a mountpoint (and vice versa) if the *--target*, *--mountpoint* or *--source* options are not specified." msgstr "裝置可以依裝置名稱、major:minor 號碼、檔案系統標籤或 UUID，或分割區標籤或 UUID 指定。請注意，*findmnt* 遵循 *mount*(8) 的行為，若未指定 *--target*、*--mountpoint* 或 *--source* 選項，則裝置名稱可能被解讀為掛載點（反之亦然）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:30 msgid "The command-line option *--target* accepts any file or directory and then *findmnt* displays the filesystem for the given path." msgstr "命令列選項 *--target* 接受任何檔案或目錄，然後 *findmnt* 會顯示給定路徑的檔案系統。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:32 msgid "The command prints all mounted filesystems in the tree-like format by default. The default output, is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default output in your scripts. Always explicitly define expected columns by using *--output columns-list* in environments where a stable output is required." msgstr "此命令預設以樹狀格式印出所有已掛載的檔案系統。預設輸出可能會變更。因此，只要可能，您應該避免在腳本中使用預設輸出。在需要穩定輸出的環境中，請務必使用 *--output columns-list* 明確定義預期的欄位。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:34 msgid "The relationship between block devices and filesystems is not always one-to-one. The filesystem may use more block devices. This is why *findmnt* provides SOURCE and SOURCES (pl.) columns. The column SOURCES displays all devices where it is possible to find the same filesystem UUID (or another tag specified in _fstab_ when executed with *--fstab* and *--evaluate*)." msgstr "區塊裝置與檔案系統之間的關係並非總是一對一。檔案系統可能使用多個區塊裝置。這就是為什麼 *findmnt* 提供 SOURCE 與 SOURCES（複數）欄位。SOURCES 欄位顯示所有可能找到相同檔案系統 UUID（或使用 *--fstab* 與 *--evaluate* 執行時在 _fstab_ 中指定的其他標籤）的裝置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-A*, *--all*" msgstr "*-A*, *--all*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:39 msgid "Disable all built-in filters and print all filesystems." msgstr "停用所有內建篩選器並印出所有檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--ascii*" msgstr "*-a*, *--ascii*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:42 msgid "Use ascii characters for tree formatting." msgstr "使用 ascii 字元進行樹狀格式化。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--nocanonicalize*" msgstr "*-C*, *--nocanonicalize*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:48 msgid "Do not canonicalize paths at all. This option affects the comparing of paths and the evaluation of tags (LABEL, UUID, etc.)." msgstr "完全不正規化路徑。此選項會影響路徑的比較與標籤（LABEL、UUID 等）的評估。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--canonicalize*" msgstr "*-c*, *--canonicalize*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:51 msgid "Canonicalize all printed paths." msgstr "正規化所有印出的路徑。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-D*, *--df*" msgstr "*-D*, *--df*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:54 msgid "Imitate the output of *df*(1). This option is equivalent to *-o SOURCE,FSTYPE,SIZE,USED,AVAIL,USE%,TARGET* but excludes all pseudo filesystems. Use *--all* to print all filesystems. See also *-I*, *--dfi* options." msgstr "模仿 *df*(1) 的輸出。此選項等同於 *-o SOURCE,FSTYPE,SIZE,USED,AVAIL,USE%,TARGET*，但排除所有虛擬檔案系統。使用 *--all* 印出所有檔案系統。另請參閱 *-I*、*--dfi* 選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--direction* _word_" msgstr "*-d*, *--direction* _word_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:57 msgid "The search direction, either *forward* or *backward*." msgstr "搜尋方向，*forward* 或 *backward*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--evaluate*" msgstr "*-e*, *--evaluate*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:60 msgid "Convert all tags (LABEL, UUID, PARTUUID, or PARTLABEL) to the corresponding device names for the SOURCE column. It's an unusual situation, but the same tag may be duplicated (used for more devices). For this purpose, there is SOURCES (pl.) column. This column displays by multi-line cell all devices where the tag is detected by libblkid. This option makes sense for _fstab_ only." msgstr "將所有標籤（LABEL、UUID、PARTUUID 或 PARTLABEL）轉換為 SOURCE 欄位對應的裝置名稱。這是不尋常的情況，但相同的標籤可能重複（用於多個裝置）。為此，有 SOURCES（複數）欄位。此欄位以多行儲存格顯示所有由 libblkid 偵測到該標籤的裝置。此選項只對 _fstab_ 有意義。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--tab-file* _path_" msgstr "*-F*, *--tab-file* _path_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:63 msgid "Search in an alternative file. If used with *--fstab*, *--mtab* or *--kernel*, then it overrides the default paths. If specified more than once, then tree-like output is disabled (see the *--list* option)." msgstr "在替代檔案中搜尋。若與 *--fstab*、*--mtab* 或 *--kernel* 一起使用，則會覆寫預設路徑。若指定多次，則會停用樹狀輸出（請參閱 *--list* 選項）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--first-only*" msgstr "*-f*, *--first-only*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:66 msgid "Print the first matching filesystem only." msgstr "只印出第一個符合的檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*-I*, *--dfi*" msgstr "*-I*, *--dfi*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:75 msgid "Imitate the output of *df*(1) with its *-i* option. This option is equivalent to *-o SOURCE,FSTYPE,INO.TOTAL,INO.USED,INO.AVAIL,INO.USE%,TARGET* but excludes all pseudo filesystems. Use *--all* to print all filesystems." msgstr "模仿 *df*(1) 搭配其 *-i* 選項的輸出。此選項等同於 *-o SOURCE,FSTYPE,INO.TOTAL,INO.USED,INO.AVAIL,INO.USE%,TARGET*，但排除所有虛擬檔案系統。使用 *--all* 印出所有檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--invert*" msgstr "*-i*, *--invert*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:78 msgid "Invert the sense of matching." msgstr "反轉比對的意義。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*--id* _number_" msgstr "*--id* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:81 msgid "Select a filesystem using the mount node ID." msgstr "使用掛載節點 ID 選取檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*--uniq-id* _number_" msgstr "*--uniq-id* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:84 msgid "Select a filesystem using the mount node 64-bit ID, use with *--kernel=listmount* option." msgstr "使用掛載節點 64 位元 ID 選取檔案系統，與 *--kernel=listmount* 選項一起使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-k*, *--kernel*[**=**_method_]" msgstr "*-k*, *--kernel*[**=**_method_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:90 msgid "Reads information about filesystems from the kernel. This is the default output. The format is tree-like and only includes mount options managed by the kernel (see also *--mtab*)." msgstr "從系統核心讀取關於檔案系統的資訊。這是預設輸出。格式為樹狀，且只包含由系統核心管理的掛載選項（另請參閱 *--mtab*）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:92 msgid "The optional argument _method_ is supported only for the long variant (*--kernel*). The short variant (*-k*) defaults to the *mountinfo* method for backward compatibility. The supported methods can be either:" msgstr "可選引數 _method_ 只支援長變體（*--kernel*）。短變體（*-k*）為了向後相容預設為 *mountinfo* 方法。支援的方法可以是：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:94 msgid "*mountinfo* - this is the default method and it reads data from the _/proc/self/mountinfo_ file." msgstr "*mountinfo* - 這是預設方法，它從 _/proc/self/mountinfo_ 檔案讀取資料。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:96 msgid "*listmount* - This is an EXPERIMENTAL method that uses the *listmount*(2) and *statmount*(2) syscalls to generate the mount table. The output may not contain all details about mount nodes (for example, SOURCE is currently missing)." msgstr "*listmount* - 這是實驗性方法，它使用 *listmount*(2) 與 *statmount*(2) 系統呼叫來產生掛載表。輸出可能不包含關於掛載節點的所有細節（例如，目前缺少 SOURCE）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:99 msgid "Use the list output format. This output format is automatically enabled if the output is restricted by the *-t*, *-O*, *-S* or *-T* option and the option *--submounts* is not used or if more that one source file (the option *-F*) is specified." msgstr "使用清單輸出格式。若輸出受到 *-t*、*-O*、*-S* 或 *-T* 選項限制且未使用 *--submounts* 選項，或指定了多個來源檔（*-F* 選項），則會自動啟用此輸出格式。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:100 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M*, *--mountpoint* _path_" msgstr "*-M*, *--mountpoint* _path_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:102 msgid "Explicitly define the mountpoint file or directory. See also *--target*." msgstr "明確定義掛載點檔案或目錄。另請參閱 *--target*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--mtab*" msgstr "*-m*, *--mtab*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:105 msgid "Search in _/etc/mtab_. The output is in the list format by default (see *--tree*). The output may include user space mount options." msgstr "在 _/etc/mtab_ 中搜尋。輸出預設為清單格式（請參閱 *--tree*）。輸出可能包含使用者空間的掛載選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N*, *--task* _tid_" msgstr "*-N*, *--task* _tid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:108 msgid "Use alternative namespace _/proc//mountinfo_ rather than the default _/proc/self/mountinfo_. If the option is specified more than once, then tree-like output is disabled (see the *--list* option). See also the *unshare*(1) command." msgstr "使用替代的命名空間 _/proc//mountinfo_，而不是預設的 _/proc/self/mountinfo_。若指定此選項多次，則會停用樹狀輸出（請參閱 *--list* 選項）。另請參閱 *unshare*(1) 命令。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--options* _list_" msgstr "*-O*, *--options* _list_" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:114 msgid "Limit the set of printed filesystems. More than one option may be specified in a comma-separated list. The *-t* and *-O* options are cumulative in effect. It is different from *-t* in that each option is matched exactly; a leading _no_ at the beginning does not have global meaning. The \"no\" can used for individual items in the list. The \"no\" prefix interpretation can be disabled by \"{plus}\" prefix." msgstr "限制印出的檔案系統集合。可以在以逗號分隔的清單中指定多個選項。*-t* 與 *-O* 選項的效果是累加的。它與 *-t* 的不同之處在於每個選項都是精確比對；開頭的 _no_ 沒有全域意義。「no」可以用於清單中的個別項目。「no」前綴的解讀可以由「{plus}」前綴停用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:118 msgid "Define output columns. See the *--help* output to get a list of the currently supported columns. The *TARGET* column contains tree formatting if the *--list* or *--raw* options are not specified." msgstr "定義輸出欄位。目前支援的欄位清單請參閱 *--help* 輸出。若未指定 *--list* 或 *--raw* 選項，則 *TARGET* 欄位包含樹狀格式。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:120 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _{plus}list_ (e.g., *findmnt -o {plus}PROPAGATION*)." msgstr "若以 _{plus}list_ 格式指定 _list_（例如 *findmnt -o {plus}PROPAGATION*），則可以擴充預設的欄位清單。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:124 msgid "Output almost all available columns. The columns that require *--poll* are not included." msgstr "輸出幾乎所有可用的欄位。需要 *--poll* 的欄位不包含在內。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:127 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:64 msgid "Produce output in the form of key=\"value\" pairs. All potentially unsafe value characters are hex-escaped (\\x). See also option *--shell*." msgstr "以 key=\"value\" 配對的形式產生輸出。所有潛在不安全的值字元都會以十六進位跳脫（\\x）。另請參閱 *--shell* 選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:129 msgid "Note that SOURCES column, use multi-line cells. In these cases, the column use an array-like formatting in the output, for example *name=(\"aaa\" \"bbb\" \"ccc\")*." msgstr "請注意，SOURCES 欄位使用多行儲存格。在這些情況下，該欄位在輸出中使用類似陣列的格式，例如 *name=(\"aaa\" \"bbb\" \"ccc\")*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:130 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--poll*[**=**_list_]" msgstr "*-p*, *--poll*[**=**_list_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:132 msgid "Monitor changes in the _/proc/self/mountinfo_ file. Supported actions are: mount, umount, remount and move. More than one action may be specified in a comma-separated list. All actions are monitored by default." msgstr "監控 _/proc/self/mountinfo_ 檔案中的變更。支援的動作有：mount、umount、remount 與 move。可以在以逗號分隔的清單中指定多個動作。預設會監控所有動作。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:134 msgid "The time for which *--poll* will block can be restricted with the *--timeout* or *--first-only* options." msgstr "*--poll* 會封鎖的時間可以由 *--timeout* 或 *--first-only* 選項限制。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:136 msgid "The standard columns always use the new version of the information from the mountinfo file, except the umount action which is based on the original information cached by *findmnt*. The poll mode allows using extra columns:" msgstr "標準欄位一律使用來自 mountinfo 檔案的新版資訊，但 umount 動作除外，它基於 *findmnt* 快取的原始資訊。輪詢模式允許使用額外的欄位：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "*ACTION*" msgstr "動作" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:139 msgid "mount, umount, move or remount action name; this column is enabled by default" msgstr "mount、umount、move 或 remount 動作名稱；此欄位預設為啟用" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:139 #, no-wrap msgid "*OLD-TARGET*" msgstr "舊目標" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:141 msgid "available for umount and move actions" msgstr "僅適用於 umount 與 move 動作" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "*OLD-OPTIONS*" msgstr "舊選項" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:143 msgid "available for umount and remount actions" msgstr "僅適用於 umount 與 remount 動作" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:144 #, no-wrap msgid "*--pseudo*" msgstr "*--pseudo*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:146 msgid "Print only pseudo filesystems." msgstr "僅印出虛擬（pseudo）檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:147 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:65 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Q*, *--filter* _expr_" msgstr "*-Q*, *--filter* _expr_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:149 msgid "Print only the filesystems that meet the conditions specified by the expr." msgstr "僅印出符合 expr 所指定條件的檔案系統。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:152 msgid "This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also *scols-filter*(5). For example, include xfs having more than 50% free space:" msgstr "此功能屬於實驗性質。另請參閱 *scols-filter*(5)。例如，要包含可用空間超過 50% 的 xfs 檔案系統：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:154 #, no-wrap msgid " findmnt -Q 'INO.USED < INO.AVAIL && FSTYPE == \"xfs\"'\n" msgstr " findmnt -Q 'INO.USED < INO.AVAIL && FSTYPE == \"xfs\"'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:156 #, no-wrap msgid "*-R*, *--submounts*" msgstr "*-R*, *--submounts*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:158 msgid "Print recursively all submounts for the selected filesystems. The restrictions defined by options *-t*, *-O*, *-S*, *-T* and *--direction* are not applied to submounts. All submounts are always printed in tree-like order. The option enables the tree-like output format by default. This option has no effect for *--mtab* or *--fstab*." msgstr "遞迴列印所選檔案系統的所有子掛載（submount）。由 *-t*、*-O*、*-S*、*-T* 與 *--direction* 選項定義的限制不套用在子掛載上。所有子掛載一律以樹狀順序列印。此選項預設會啟用樹狀輸出格式。此選項對 *--mtab* 或 *--fstab* 沒有作用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:161 msgid "Use raw output format. All potentially unsafe characters are hex-escaped (\\x)." msgstr "使用原始輸出格式。所有可能不安全的字元都會以十六進位跳脫處理（\\x）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:163 msgid "Note that column SOURCES, use multi-line cells. In these cases, the column may produce more strings on the same line." msgstr "請注意，SOURCES 欄會使用多行儲存格。在這些情況下，該欄可能在同一行上產生更多字串。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:164 #, no-wrap msgid "*--real*" msgstr "*--real*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:166 msgid "Print only real filesystems." msgstr "僅印出真實（real）檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:167 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--source* _spec_" msgstr "*-S*, *--source* _spec_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:169 msgid "Explicitly define the mount source. Supported specifications are _device_, __maj__**:**_min_, **LABEL=**__label__, **UUID=**__uuid__, **PARTLABEL=**__label__ and **PARTUUID=**__uuid__." msgstr "明確定義掛載來源。支援的規格為 _device_、__maj__**:**_min_、**LABEL=**__label__、**UUID=**__uuid__、**PARTLABEL=**__label__ 與 **PARTUUID=**__uuid__。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--fstab*" msgstr "*-s*, *--fstab*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:172 msgid "Search in _/etc/fstab_. The output is in the list format (see *--list*)." msgstr "在 _/etc/fstab_ 中搜尋。輸出為清單格式（參見 *--list*）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:173 #, no-wrap msgid "*--shadowed*" msgstr "*--shadowed*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:175 msgid "Print only filesystems that are over-mounted by another filesystem." msgstr "僅印出被其他檔案系統覆蓋掛載（over-mounted）的檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:176 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--target* _path_" msgstr "*-T*, *--target* _path_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:178 msgid "Define the mount target. If _path_ is not a mountpoint file or directory, then *findmnt* checks the _path_ elements in reverse order to get the mountpoint (this feature is supported only when searching in kernel files and unsupported for *--fstab*). It's recommended to use the option *--mountpoint* when checks of _path_ elements are unwanted and _path_ is a strictly specified mountpoint." msgstr "定義掛載目標。如果 _path_ 不是掛載點檔案或目錄，則 *findmnt* 會以相反順序檢查 _path_ 的各個元素以取得掛載點（此功能僅在搜尋核心檔案時受支援，且不支援 *--fstab*）。當不想檢查 _path_ 的元素，且 _path_ 為嚴格指定的掛載點時，建議使用 *--mountpoint* 選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:179 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:86 #: ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--types* _list_" msgstr "*-t*, *--types* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:181 msgid "Limit the set of printed filesystems. More than one type may be specified in a comma-separated list. The list of filesystem types can be prefixed with *no* to specify the filesystem types on which no action should be taken. For more details see *mount*(8)." msgstr "限制要列印的檔案系統集合。可在逗號分隔的清單中指定多個類型。檔案系統類型清單可加上 *no* 前置詞，以指定不應採取動作的檔案系統類型。更多細節請參閱 *mount*(8)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:182 #, no-wrap msgid "*--tree*" msgstr "*--tree*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:184 msgid "Enable tree-like output if possible. The options is silently ignored for tables where is missing child-parent relation (e.g., _fstab_)." msgstr "在可能的情況下啟用樹狀輸出。對於缺少子-父關係的表格（例如 _fstab_），此選項會靜默地忽略。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:185 #, no-wrap msgid "*-U*, *--uniq*" msgstr "*-U*, *--uniq*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:187 msgid "Ignore filesystems with duplicate mount targets, thus effectively skipping over-mounted mount points." msgstr "忽略具有重複掛載目標的檔案系統，因此可有效地略過被覆蓋掛載的掛載點。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:188 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:78 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--notruncate*" msgstr "*-u*, *--notruncate*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:190 msgid "Do not truncate text in columns. The default is to not truncate the *TARGET*, *SOURCE*, *UUID*, *LABEL*, *PARTUUID*, *PARTLABEL* columns. This option disables text truncation also in all other columns." msgstr "不要截斷欄位中的文字。預設不會截斷 *TARGET*、*SOURCE*、*UUID*、*LABEL*、*PARTUUID*、*PARTLABEL* 欄位。此選項也會停用所有其他欄位的文字截斷。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:191 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--nofsroot*" msgstr "*-v*, *--nofsroot*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:193 msgid "Do not print a [/dir] in the SOURCE column for bind mounts or btrfs subvolumes." msgstr "對於 bind 掛載或 btrfs 子卷，不要在 SOURCE 欄位中印出 [/dir]。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:196 msgid "Force *findmnt* to print more information (*--verify* only for now)." msgstr "強制 *findmnt* 印出更多資訊（目前僅 *--verify* 支援）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:197 #, no-wrap msgid "*--vfs-all*" msgstr "*--vfs-all*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:199 msgid "When used with *VFS-OPTIONS* column, print all VFS (fs-independent) flags. This option is designed for auditing purposes to list also default VFS kernel mount options which are normally not listed." msgstr "與 *VFS-OPTIONS* 欄位一起使用時，印出所有 VFS（與檔案系統無關）旗標。此選項設計用於稽核目的，以列出通常不會列出的預設 VFS 核心掛載選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:200 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--timeout* _milliseconds_" msgstr "*-w*, *--timeout* _milliseconds_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:202 msgid "Specify an upper limit on the time for which *--poll* will block, in milliseconds." msgstr "指定 *--poll* 會封鎖的時間上限，單位為毫秒。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:203 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--verify*" msgstr "*-x*, *--verify*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:205 msgid "Check mount table content. The default is to verify _/etc/fstab_ parsability and usability. It's possible to use this option also with *--tab-file*. It's possible to specify source (device) or target (mountpoint) to filter mount table. The option *--verbose* forces *findmnt* to print more details." msgstr "檢查掛載表內容。預設會驗證 _/etc/fstab_ 的可剖析性與可用性。此選項也可以與 *--tab-file* 一起使用。可以指定來源（裝置）或目標（掛載點）來過濾掛載表。*--verbose* 選項會強制 *findmnt* 印出更多細節。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:208 msgid "The column name will be modified to contain only characters allowed for shell variable identifiers. This is usable, for example, with *--pairs*. Note that this feature has been automatically enabled for *--pairs* in version 2.37, but due to compatibility issues, now it's necessary to request this behavior by *--shell*." msgstr "欄位名稱會被修改為只包含 shell 變數識別字允許的字元。例如，這可與 *--pairs* 一起使用。請注意，此功能在 2.37 版時會為 *--pairs* 自動啟用，但由於相容性問題，現在必須以 *--shell* 明確要求此行為。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:216 msgid "The exit value is 0 if there is something to display, or 1 on any error (for example if no filesystem is found based on the user's filter specification, or the device path or mountpoint does not exist)." msgstr "如果有內容可顯示，結束值為 0；發生任何錯誤時為 1（例如，依使用者的篩選規格找不到檔案系統，或裝置路徑或掛載點不存在）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:219 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1756 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:190 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBMOUNT_FSTAB*=" msgstr "*LIBMOUNT_FSTAB*=" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:221 msgid "overrides the default location of the _fstab_ file" msgstr "覆寫 _fstab_ 檔案的預設位置" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:222 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBMOUNT_MTAB*=" msgstr "*LIBMOUNT_MTAB*=" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:224 msgid "overrides the default location of the _mtab_ file" msgstr "覆寫 _mtab_ 檔案的預設位置" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:225 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:229 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1759 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:57 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:174 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:193 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBMOUNT_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*LIBMOUNT_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:227 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1761 msgid "enables libmount debug output" msgstr "啟用 libmount 的除錯輸出" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:232 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --fstab -t nfs*" msgstr "*findmnt --fstab -t nfs*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:234 msgid "Prints all NFS filesystems defined in _/etc/fstab_." msgstr "印出 _/etc/fstab_ 中定義的所有 NFS 檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:235 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --fstab /mnt/foo*" msgstr "*findmnt --fstab /mnt/foo*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:237 msgid "Prints all _/etc/fstab_ filesystems where the mountpoint directory is _/mnt/foo_. It also prints bind mounts where _/mnt/foo_ is a source." msgstr "印出 _/etc/fstab_ 中掛載點目錄為 _/mnt/foo_ 的所有檔案系統。也會印出以 _/mnt/foo_ 為來源的 bind 掛載。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:238 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --fstab --target /mnt/foo*" msgstr "*findmnt --fstab --target /mnt/foo*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:240 msgid "Prints all _/etc/fstab_ filesystems where the mountpoint directory is _/mnt/foo_." msgstr "印出 _/etc/fstab_ 中掛載點目錄為 _/mnt/foo_ 的所有檔案系統。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:241 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --fstab --evaluate*" msgstr "*findmnt --fstab --evaluate*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:243 msgid "Prints all _/etc/fstab_ filesystems and converts LABEL= and UUID= tags to the real device names." msgstr "印出 _/etc/fstab_ 中的所有檔案系統，並將 LABEL= 與 UUID= 標籤轉換成真實的裝置名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:244 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt -n --raw --evaluate --output=target LABEL=/boot*" msgstr "*findmnt -n --raw --evaluate --output=target LABEL=/boot*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:246 msgid "Prints only the mountpoint where the filesystem with label \"/boot\" is mounted." msgstr "僅印出標籤為 \"/boot\" 的檔案系統所掛載的掛載點。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:247 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --poll --mountpoint /mnt/foo*" msgstr "*findmnt --poll --mountpoint /mnt/foo*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:249 msgid "Monitors mount, unmount, remount and move on _/mnt/foo_." msgstr "監視 _/mnt/foo_ 上的掛載、卸載、重新掛載與移動動作。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:250 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --poll=umount --first-only --mountpoint /mnt/foo*" msgstr "*findmnt --poll=umount --first-only --mountpoint /mnt/foo*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:252 msgid "Waits for _/mnt/foo_ unmount." msgstr "等待 _/mnt/foo_ 卸載。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:253 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --poll=remount -t ext3 -O ro*" msgstr "*findmnt --poll=remount -t ext3 -O ro*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:255 msgid "Monitors remounts to read-only mode on all ext3 filesystems." msgstr "監視所有 ext3 檔案系統上重新掛載為唯讀模式的動作。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:265 msgid "*fstab*(5), *mount*(8) *scols-filter*(5)" msgstr "*fstab*(5), *mount*(8) *scols-filter*(5)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "getino(1)" msgstr "getino(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:12 msgid "getino - print the unique inode number associated to a process file descriptor or namespace for a given PID" msgstr "getino - 列印與指定 PID 之處理程序檔案描述元或命名空間關聯的唯一 inode 編號" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:16 msgid "*getino* [*--pidfs*|*--cgroupns*|*--ipcns*|*--netns*|*--mntns*|*--pidns*|*--timens*|*--userns*|*--utsns*] [*--print-pid*|*-p*] _PID_[:inode]..." msgstr "*getino* [*--pidfs*|*--cgroupns*|*--ipcns*|*--netns*|*--mntns*|*--pidns*|*--timens*|*--userns*|*--utsns*] [*--print-pid*|*-p*] _PID_[:inode]..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:18 msgid "*getino* [*--print-pid*|*-p*] _PID_[:inode]..." msgstr "*getino* [*--print-pid*|*-p*] _PID_[:inode]..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:20 msgid "*getino* _PID_[:inode]..." msgstr "*getino* _PID_[:inode]..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:25 msgid "*getino* is a simple command that prints the inode numbers associated with the process file descriptor (pidfd) or namespace for all PIDs passed to it as arguments." msgstr "*getino* 是一個簡單的命令，會列印傳遞給它之所有 PID 所關聯的處理程序檔案描述元（pidfd）或命名空間的 inode 編號。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:28 msgid "The kernel guarantees that the inode number associated with a process's file descriptor is exempt from reuse during the current boot cycle; therefore, a process can be uniquely identified by its PID and the inode number, conveniently so with the format '_PID:inode_'. As an example, this enables race-free signalling of processes with *kill*(1), which accepts the aforementioned _PID_ format." msgstr "核心保證與處理程序檔案描述元關聯的 inode 編號在目前開機週期內不會被重複使用；因此，處理程序可以透過其 PID 與 inode 編號唯一識別，使用 '_PID:inode_' 格式相當方便。舉例而言，這使得 *kill*(1) 能夠以無競態（race-free）的方式對處理程序發送訊號，因為它接受前述的 _PID_ 格式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:30 msgid "Inode numbers associated with a namespace for a given process are essentially namespace IDs, identical to the inode number reported by /proc/pid/ns/_nstype_, see *namespaces*(7) for more details." msgstr "與指定處理程序之命名空間關聯的 inode 編號，本質上就是命名空間 ID，等同於 /proc/pid/ns/_nstype_ 所回報的 inode 編號；更多細節請參閱 *namespaces*(7)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--print-pid*" msgstr "*-p*, *--print-pid*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:36 msgid "Print both the PID and pidfd/namespace inode separated by a colon ':', in respective order. This format convention can be used to address processes in a race-free manner, e.g. for signalling with the *kill*(1) command." msgstr "依序印出 PID 與 pidfd/命名空間 inode，並以冒號 ':' 分隔。此格式慣例可用來以無競態的方式定址處理程序，例如用 *kill*(1) 命令發送訊號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*--pidfs*" msgstr "*--pidfs*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:39 msgid "Print the unique inode number for a process's pidfs file descriptor." msgstr "印出處理程序 pidfs 檔案描述元的唯一 inode 編號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*--cgroupns*" msgstr "*--cgroupns*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:42 msgid "Print the unique cgroup namespace inode number. See *cgroup_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "印出唯一的 cgroup 命名空間 inode 編號。參閱 *cgroup_namespaces*(7)" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*--ipcns*" msgstr "*--ipcns*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:45 msgid "Print the unique ipc namespace inode number. See *ipc_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "印出唯一的 ipc 命名空間 inode 編號。參閱 *ipc_namespaces*(7)" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*--netns*" msgstr "*--netns*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:48 msgid "Print the unique network namespace inode number. See *network_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "印出唯一的網路命名空間 inode 編號。參閱 *network_namespaces*(7)" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*--mntns*" msgstr "*--mntns*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:51 msgid "Print the unique mount namespace inode number. See *mount_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "印出唯一的掛載命名空間 inode 編號。參閱 *mount_namespaces*(7)" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*--pidns*" msgstr "*--pidns*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:54 msgid "Print the unique pid namespace inode number. See *pid_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "印出唯一的 pid 命名空間 inode 編號。參閱 *pid_namespaces*(7)" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*--timens*" msgstr "*--timens*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:57 msgid "Print the unique time namespace inode number. See *time_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "印出唯一的時間命名空間 inode 編號。參閱 *time_namespaces*(7)" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*--userns*" msgstr "*--userns*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:60 msgid "Print the unique user namespace inode number. See *user_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "印出唯一的使用者命名空間 inode 編號。參閱 *user_namespaces*(7)" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*--utsns*" msgstr "*--utsns*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:63 msgid "Print the unique uts namespace inode number. See *uts_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "印出唯一的 uts 命名空間 inode 編號。參閱 *uts_namespaces*(7)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:69 msgid "*getino* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "*getino* 具有下列結束狀態值：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:78 msgid "*getino* requires support for the pidfs pseudo-filesystem (introduced in Linux version 6.9), to retrieve a valid inode for a process file descriptor." msgstr "*getino* 需要 pidfs 虛擬檔案系統（於 Linux 6.9 版引入）的支援，才能取得處理程序檔案描述元的有效 inode。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:82 msgid "mailto:cgoesc2@wgu.edu[Christian Goeschel Ndjomouo]" msgstr "mailto:cgoesc2@wgu.edu[Christian Goeschel Ndjomouo]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:86 msgid "*kill*(1) *pidfd_open(2)* *namespaces(7)*" msgstr "*kill*(1) *pidfd_open(2)* *namespaces(7)*" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "getopt(1)" msgstr "getopt(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:13 msgid "getopt - parse command options (enhanced)" msgstr "getopt - 剖析命令選項（增強版）" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:17 msgid "*getopt* _optstring_ _parameters_" msgstr "*getopt* _optstring_ _parameters_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:19 msgid "*getopt* [options] [*--*] _optstring_ _parameters_" msgstr "*getopt* [options] [*--*] _optstring_ _parameters_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:21 msgid "*getopt* [options] *-o*|*--options* _optstring_ [options] [*--*] _parameters_" msgstr "*getopt* [options] *-o*|*--options* _optstring_ [options] [*--*] _parameters_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:25 msgid "*getopt* is used to break up (_parse_) options in command lines for easy parsing by shell procedures, and to check for valid options. It uses the GNU *getopt*(3) routines to do this." msgstr "*getopt* 用來將命令列中的選項分解（_剖析_），以利 shell 程序輕鬆剖析，並檢查選項是否有效。它使用 GNU *getopt*(3) 常式來完成此工作。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:27 msgid "The parameters *getopt* is called with can be divided into two parts: options which modify the way *getopt* will do the parsing (the _options_ and the _optstring_ in the *SYNOPSIS*), and the parameters which are to be parsed (_parameters_ in the *SYNOPSIS*). The second part will start at the first non-option parameter that is not an option argument, or after the first occurrence of '*--*'. If no '*-o*' or '*--options*' option is found in the first part, the first parameter of the second part is used as the short options string." msgstr "呼叫 *getopt* 時的參數可分為兩部分：修改 *getopt* 剖析方式之選項（*SYNOPSIS* 中的 _options_ 與 _optstring_），以及要被剖析的參數（*SYNOPSIS* 中的 _parameters_）。第二部分從第一個不是選項引數的非選項參數開始，或於第一次出現 '*--*' 之後開始。如果在第一部分找不到 '*-o*' 或 '*--options*' 選項，則第二部分的第一個參數會被用作短選項字串。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:29 msgid "If the environment variable *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE* is set, or if the first _parameter_ is not an option (does not start with a '*-*', the first format in the *SYNOPSIS*), *getopt* will generate output that is compatible with that of other versions of *getopt*(1). It will still do parameter shuffling and recognize optional arguments (see the *COMPATIBILITY* section for more information)." msgstr "如果設定環境變數 *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE*，或第一個 _parameter_ 不是選項（不以 '*-*' 開頭，即 *SYNOPSIS* 中的第一種格式），*getopt* 會產生與其他 *getopt*(1) 版本相容的輸出。它仍會執行參數重排（parameter shuffling）並辨識選擇性引數（更多資訊請參閱 *COMPATIBILITY* 一節）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:31 msgid "Traditional implementations of *getopt*(1) are unable to cope with whitespace and other (shell-specific) special characters in arguments and non-option parameters. To solve this problem, this implementation can generate quoted output which must once again be interpreted by the shell (usually by using the *eval* command). This has the effect of preserving those characters, but you must call *getopt* in a way that is no longer compatible with other versions (the second or third format in the *SYNOPSIS*). To determine whether this enhanced version of *getopt*(1) is installed, a special test option (*-T*) can be used." msgstr "傳統的 *getopt*(1) 實作無法處理引數與非選項參數中的空白字元及其他（shell 特定的）特殊字元。為了解決此問題，本實作可以產生加引號的輸出，必須再由 shell 解釋一次（通常使用 *eval* 命令）。這具有保留這些字元的效果，但你必須以不再與其他版本相容的方式呼叫 *getopt*（*SYNOPSIS* 中的第二或第三種格式）。若要判斷是否已安裝此增強的 *getopt*(1) 版本，可以使用特殊的測試選項（*-T*）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:34 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--alternative*" msgstr "*-a*, *--alternative*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:36 msgid "Allow long options to start with a single '*-*'." msgstr "允許長選項以單一 '*-*' 開頭。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--longoptions* _longopts_" msgstr "*-l*, *--longoptions* _longopts_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:39 msgid "The long (multi-character) options to be recognized. More than one option name may be specified at once, by separating the names with commas, whitespace (spaces, tabs, or newlines). This option may be given more than once, the _longopts_ are cumulative. Each long option name in _longopts_ may be followed by one colon to indicate it has a required argument, and by two colons to indicate it has an optional argument." msgstr "要辨識的長（多字元）選項。一次可以指定多個選項名稱，以逗號或空白字元（空格、定位字元或換行）分隔。此選項可以指定多次，_longopts_ 會累加。_longopts_ 中每個長選項名稱後面可以接一個冒號，表示它需要必要引數；接兩個冒號，表示它具有選擇性引數。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--name* _progname_" msgstr "*-n*, *--name* _progname_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:42 msgid "The name that will be used by the *getopt*(3) routines when it reports errors. Note that errors of *getopt*(1) are still reported as coming from getopt." msgstr "*getopt*(3) 常式在回報錯誤時所使用的名稱。請注意，*getopt*(1) 的錯誤仍會以來自 getopt 的名義回報。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--options* _shortopts_" msgstr "*-o*, *--options* _shortopts_" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:45 msgid "The short (one-character) options to be recognized. If this option is not found, the first parameter of *getopt* that does not start with a '*-*' (and is not an option argument) is used as the short options string. Each short option character in _shortopts_ may be followed by one colon to indicate it has a required argument, and by two colons to indicate it has an optional argument. The first character of shortopts may be '*{plus}*' or '*-*' to influence the way options are parsed and output is generated (see the *SCANNING MODES* section for details)." msgstr "要辨識的短（單一字元）選項。如果找不到此選項，*getopt* 第一個不以 '*-*' 開頭（且不是選項引數）的參數會被用作短選項字串。_shortopts_ 中每個短選項字元後面可以接一個冒號，表示它需要必要引數；接兩個冒號，表示它具有選擇性引數。shortopts 的第一個字元可以是 '*{plus}*' 或 '*-*'，以影響選項的剖析方式與輸出的產生方式（細節請參閱 *SCANNING MODES* 一節）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:49 msgid "Disable error reporting by *getopt*(3)." msgstr "停用 *getopt*(3) 的錯誤回報。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Q*, *--quiet-output*" msgstr "*-Q*, *--quiet-output*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:52 msgid "Do not generate normal output. Errors are still reported by *getopt*(3), unless you also use *-q*." msgstr "不要產生正常輸出。錯誤仍會由 *getopt*(3) 回報，除非你也使用 *-q*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:55 msgid "Set quoting conventions to those of _shell_. If the *-s* option is not given, the *BASH* conventions are used. Valid arguments are currently '*sh*', '*bash*', '*csh*', and '*tcsh*'." msgstr "將引號慣例設定為 _shell_ 的慣例。如果未指定 *-s* 選項，則使用 *BASH* 的慣例。目前有效的引數為 '*sh*'、'*bash*'、'*csh*' 與 '*tcsh*'。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--test*" msgstr "*-T*, *--test*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:58 msgid "Test if your *getopt*(1) is this enhanced version or an old version. This generates no output, and sets the error status to 4. Other implementations of *getopt*(1), and this version if the environment variable *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE* is set, will return '*--*' and error status 0." msgstr "測試你的 *getopt*(1) 是此增強版本還是舊版本。此選項不會產生任何輸出，並將錯誤狀態設為 4。其他 *getopt*(1) 實作，以及設定環境變數 *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE* 時的此版本，會回傳 '*--*' 與錯誤狀態 0。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--unquoted*" msgstr "*-u*, *--unquoted*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:61 msgid "Do not quote the output. Note that whitespace and special (shell-dependent) characters can cause havoc in this mode (like they do with other *getopt*(1) implementations)." msgstr "不要對輸出加上引號。請注意，在此模式下，空白字元與（依 shell 而定的）特殊字元可能會造成混亂（就像其他 *getopt*(1) 實作一樣）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-U*, *--unknown*" msgstr "*-U*, *--unknown*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:64 msgid "Leave unknown options as they are and suppress error messages from *getopt*(3). Since there is no way to know whether an unknown option requires an argument, a non-option argument that follows the unknown option after a whitespace, is considered an option argument, therefore the argument will be left untouched and printed next to the respective unknown option. To prevent unexpected behavior, short options should be specified individually." msgstr "保留未知選項原樣，並抑制 *getopt*(3) 的錯誤訊息。由於無法得知未知選項是否需要引數，因此跟隨在未知選項之後、以空白分隔的非選項引數會被視為選項引數，所以該引數會原樣保留，並列印在對應的未知選項旁邊。為避免非預期的行為，短選項應個別指定。" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "PARSING" msgstr "剖析" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:70 msgid "This section specifies the format of the second part of the parameters of *getopt* (the _parameters_ in the *SYNOPSIS*). The next section (*OUTPUT*) describes the output that is generated. These parameters were typically the parameters a shell function was called with. Care must be taken that each parameter the shell function was called with corresponds to exactly one parameter in the parameter list of *getopt* (see the *EXAMPLES*). All parsing is done by the GNU *getopt*(3) routines." msgstr "本節說明 *getopt* 參數第二部分（*SYNOPSIS* 中的 _parameters_）的格式。下一節（*OUTPUT*）說明所產生的輸出。這些參數通常是 shell 函式被呼叫時所用的參數。必須注意，shell 函式被呼叫時的每個參數，都要確實對應到 *getopt* 參數清單中的一個參數（參見 *EXAMPLES*）。所有剖析都由 GNU *getopt*(3) 常式完成。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:72 msgid "The parameters are parsed from left to right. Each parameter is classified as a short option, a long option, an argument to an option, or a non-option parameter." msgstr "參數由左至右剖析。每個參數會被分類為短選項、長選項、選項的引數或非選項參數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:74 msgid "A simple short option is a '*-*' followed by a short option character, except for the ':', ';' and '?' characters, as these are reserved by *getopt*(3). If the option has a required argument, it may be written directly after the option character or as the next parameter (i.e., separated by whitespace on the command line). If the option has an optional argument, it must be written directly after the option character if present." msgstr "簡單的短選項是 '*-*' 後接一個短選項字元，但 ':'、';' 與 '?' 字元除外，因為這些字元被 *getopt*(3) 保留。如果選項具有必要引數，可以直接寫在選項字元之後，或寫成下一個參數（即在命令列中以空白分隔）。如果選項具有選擇性引數，則存在時必須直接寫在選項字元之後。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:76 msgid "It is possible to specify several short options after one '*-*', as long as all (except possibly the last) do not have required or optional arguments." msgstr "可以在一個 '*-*' 之後指定多個短選項，只要所有短選項（可能除了最後一個）都沒有必要或選擇性引數即可。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:78 msgid "A long option normally begins with '*--*' followed by the long option name. If the option has a required argument, it may be written directly after the long option name, separated by '*=*', or as the next argument (i.e., separated by whitespace on the command line). If the option has an optional argument, it must be written directly after the long option name, separated by '*=*', if present (if you add the '*=*' but nothing behind it, it is interpreted as if no argument was present; this is a slight bug, see the *BUGS*). Long options may be abbreviated, as long as the abbreviation is not ambiguous." msgstr "長選項通常以 '*--*' 開頭，後接長選項名稱。如果選項具有必要引數，可以直接寫在長選項名稱之後，以 '*=*' 分隔；或寫成下一個引數（即在命令列中以空白分隔）。如果選項具有選擇性引數，則存在時必須直接寫在長選項名稱之後，以 '*=*' 分隔（如果加上 '*=*' 但後面沒有內容，則會視為沒有提供引數；這是一個小缺陷，參見 *BUGS*）。長選項可以縮寫，只要縮寫不會造成歧義。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:80 msgid "Each parameter not starting with a '*-*', and not a required argument of a previous option, is a non-option parameter. Each parameter after a '*--*' parameter is always interpreted as a non-option parameter. If the environment variable *POSIXLY_CORRECT* is set, or if the short option string started with a '*{plus}*', all remaining parameters are interpreted as non-option parameters as soon as the first non-option parameter is found." msgstr "每個不以 '*-*' 開頭，且不是先前選項之必要引數的參數，都是非選項參數。每個跟在 '*--*' 參數之後的參數，一律被解釋為非選項參數。如果設定環境變數 *POSIXLY_CORRECT*，或短選項字串以 '*{plus}*' 開頭，則一旦找到第一個非選項參數，所有剩餘參數都會被解釋為非選項參數。" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:82 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:87 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:26 #, no-wrap msgid "OUTPUT" msgstr "輸出" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:85 msgid "Output is generated for each element described in the previous section. Output is done in the same order as the elements are specified in the input, except for non-option parameters. Output can be done in _compatible_ (_unquoted_) mode, or in such way that whitespace and other special characters within arguments and non-option parameters are preserved (see *QUOTING*). When the output is processed in the shell script, it will seem to be composed of distinct elements that can be processed one by one (by using the shift command in most shell languages). This is imperfect in unquoted mode, as elements can be split at unexpected places if they contain whitespace or special characters." msgstr "前一節所述之每個元素都會產生輸出。輸出的順序與輸入中元素指定的順序相同，但非選項參數除外。輸出可以在 _compatible_（_unquoted_）模式中產生，或以保留引數與非選項參數內部空白及其他特殊字元的方式產生（參見 *QUOTING*）。當輸出在 shell 腳本中處理時，它看起來是由可逐個處理的獨立元素所組成（在大多數 shell 語言中使用 shift 命令）。在非引號模式下這並不完美，因為若元素包含空白或特殊字元，可能會在不預期的位置被分割。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:87 msgid "If there are problems parsing the parameters, for example because a required argument is not found or an option is not recognized, an error will be reported on stderr, there will be no output for the offending element, and a non-zero error status is returned." msgstr "如果剖析參數時發生問題，例如找不到必要引數或無法辨識選項，會在 stderr 上回報錯誤，有問題的元素不會產生輸出，並回傳非零的錯誤狀態。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:89 msgid "For a short option, a single '*-*' and the option character are generated as one parameter. If the option has an argument, the next parameter will be the argument. If the option takes an optional argument, but none was found, the next parameter will be generated but be empty in quoting mode, but no second parameter will be generated in unquoted (compatible) mode. Note that many other *getopt*(1) implementations do not support optional arguments." msgstr "對於短選項，會產生單一 '*-*' 與選項字元作為一個參數。如果選項有引數，下一個參數就是該引數。如果選項接受選擇性引數，但未找到任何引數，在引號模式中下一個參數仍會產生但為空；在非引號（相容）模式中則不會產生第二個參數。請注意，許多其他 *getopt*(1) 實作並不支援選擇性引數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:91 msgid "If several short options were specified after a single '*-*', each will be present in the output as a separate parameter." msgstr "如果在單一 '*-*' 之後指定多個短選項，每個選項都會在輸出中以獨立參數呈現。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:93 msgid "For a long option, '*--*' and the full option name are generated as one parameter. This is done regardless whether the option was abbreviated or specified with a single '*-*' in the input. Arguments are handled as with short options." msgstr "對於長選項，'*--*' 與完整選項名稱會產生為一個參數。無論選項在輸入中是縮寫還是以單一 '*-*' 指定，都是如此。引數的處理方式與短選項相同。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:95 msgid "Normally, no non-option parameters output is generated until all options and their arguments have been generated. Then '*--*' is generated as a single parameter, and after it the non-option parameters in the order they were found, each as a separate parameter. Only if the first character of the short options string was a '*-*', non-option parameter output is generated at the place they are found in the input (this is not supported if the first format of the *SYNOPSIS* is used; in that case all preceding occurrences of '*-*' and '*{plus}*' are ignored)." msgstr "通常，在所有選項及其引數產生之前，不會產生非選項參數輸出。之後 '*--*' 會被產生為單一參數，其後依照找到的順序列出非選項參數，每個都是獨立參數。只有當短選項字串的第一個字元是 '*-*' 時，非選項參數輸出才會在輸入中找到它們的位置產生（若使用 *SYNOPSIS* 的第一種格式則不支援；在這種情況下，所有先前出現的 '*-*' 與 '*{plus}*' 都會被忽略）。" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "QUOTING" msgstr "引號處理" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:100 msgid "In compatibility mode, whitespace or 'special' characters in arguments or non-option parameters are not handled correctly. As the output is fed to the shell script, the script does not know how it is supposed to break the output into separate parameters. To circumvent this problem, this implementation offers quoting. The idea is that output is generated with quotes around each parameter. When this output is once again fed to the shell (usually by a shell *eval* command), it is split correctly into separate parameters." msgstr "在相容模式中，引數或非選項參數中的空白或「特殊」字元無法被正確處理。由於輸出會被送入 shell 腳本，腳本不知道該如何將輸出分割成獨立參數。為了解決此問題，本實作提供引號功能。其概念是產生輸出時，在每個參數外圍加上引號。當此輸出再次送入 shell（通常透過 shell 的 *eval* 命令）時，就能正確分割成獨立參數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:102 msgid "Quoting is not enabled if the environment variable *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE* is set, if the first form of the *SYNOPSIS* is used, or if the option '*-u*' is found." msgstr "如果設定環境變數 *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE*、使用 *SYNOPSIS* 的第一種格式，或找到 '*-u*' 選項，則不會啟用引號功能。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:104 msgid "Different shells use different quoting conventions. You can use the '*-s*' option to select the shell you are using. The following shells are currently supported: '*sh*', '*bash*', '*csh*' and '*tcsh*'. Actually, only two 'flavors' are distinguished: sh-like quoting conventions and csh-like quoting conventions. Chances are that if you use another shell script language, one of these flavors can still be used." msgstr "不同的 shell 使用不同的引號慣例。你可以使用 '*-s*' 選項來選擇所使用的 shell。目前支援下列 shell：'*sh*'、'*bash*'、'*csh*' 與 '*tcsh*'。實際上，只區分兩種「風味」：類似 sh 的引號慣例與類似 csh 的引號慣例。如果你使用其他 shell 腳本語言，通常還是可以使用其中一種風味。" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "SCANNING MODES" msgstr "掃描模式" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:108 msgid "The first character of the short options string may be a '*-*' or a '*{plus}*' to indicate a special scanning mode. If the first calling form in the *SYNOPSIS* is used they are ignored; the environment variable *POSIXLY_CORRECT* is still examined, though." msgstr "短選項字串的第一個字元可以是 '*-*' 或 '*{plus}*'，表示特殊的掃描模式。如果使用 *SYNOPSIS* 中第一種呼叫格式，則會忽略這些字元；不過仍會檢查環境變數 *POSIXLY_CORRECT*。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:111 msgid "If the first character is '*{plus}*', or if the environment variable *POSIXLY_CORRECT* is set, parsing stops as soon as the first non-option parameter (i.e., a parameter that does not start with a '*-*') is found that is not an option argument. The remaining parameters are all interpreted as non-option parameters." msgstr "如果第一個字元是 '*{plus}*'，或設定環境變數 *POSIXLY_CORRECT*，則一旦找到第一個不是選項引數的非選項參數（即不以 '*-*' 開頭的參數），剖析就會停止。剩餘參數全部被解釋為非選項參數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:114 msgid "If the first character is a '*-*', non-option parameters are outputted at the place where they are found; in normal operation, they are all collected at the end of output after a '*--*' parameter has been generated. Note that this '*--*' parameter is still generated, but it will always be the last parameter in this mode." msgstr "如果第一個字元是 '*-*'，非選項參數會在找到它們的位置輸出；在正常操作中，它們會全部收集在輸出末端、在產生 '*--*' 參數之後。請注意，此 '*--*' 參數仍會產生，但在此模式中它永遠是最後一個參數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:118 msgid "This version of *getopt*(1) is written to be as compatible as possible to other versions. Usually you can just replace them with this version without any modifications, and with some advantages." msgstr "此版本的 *getopt*(1) 力求與其他版本盡可能相容。通常你可以直接用此版本取代其他版本，無需任何修改，而且還有一些優點。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:120 msgid "If the first character of the first parameter of getopt is not a '*-*', *getopt* goes into compatibility mode. It will interpret its first parameter as the string of short options, and all other arguments will be parsed. It will still do parameter shuffling (i.e., all non-option parameters are output at the end), unless the environment variable *POSIXLY_CORRECT* is set, in which case, *getopt* will prepend a '*{plus}*' before short options automatically." msgstr "如果 getopt 第一個參數的第一個字元不是 '*-*'，*getopt* 會進入相容模式。它會將第一個參數解讀為短選項字串，並剖析所有其他引數。除非設定環境變數 *POSIXLY_CORRECT*，否則它仍會執行參數重排（即所有非選項參數都會在最後輸出）；若設定了 *POSIXLY_CORRECT*，*getopt* 會自動在短選項前面加上 '*{plus}*'。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:123 msgid "The environment variable *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE* forces *getopt* into compatibility mode. Setting both this environment variable and *POSIXLY_CORRECT* offers 100% compatibility for 'difficult' programs. Usually, though, neither is needed." msgstr "環境變數 *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE* 會強制 *getopt* 進入相容模式。同時設定此環境變數與 *POSIXLY_CORRECT*，可為「困難」的程式提供 100% 的相容性。不過通常兩者都不需要。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:125 msgid "In compatibility mode, leading '*-*' and '*{plus}*' characters in the short options string are ignored." msgstr "在相容模式中，短選項字串開頭的 '*-*' 與 '*{plus}*' 字元會被忽略。" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "RETURN CODES" msgstr "回傳代碼" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:130 msgid "*getopt* returns error code *0* for successful parsing, *1* if *getopt*(3) returns errors, *2* if it does not understand its own parameters, *3* if an internal error occurs like out-of-memory, and *4* if it is called with *-T*." msgstr "*getopt* 在剖析成功時回傳錯誤代碼 *0*；如果 *getopt*(3) 回傳錯誤則為 *1*；如果它無法理解自己的參數則為 *2*；如果發生記憶體不足之類的內部錯誤則為 *3*；如果以 *-T* 呼叫則為 *4*。" #. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate _{package-docdir}_. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:135 msgid "Example scripts for (ba)sh and (t)csh are provided with the *getopt*(1) distribution, and are installed in _{package-docdir}_ directory." msgstr "*getopt*(1) 發行版提供了 (ba)sh 與 (t)csh 的範例腳本，安裝在 _{package-docdir}_ 目錄中。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:138 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:195 #, no-wrap msgid "*POSIXLY_CORRECT*" msgstr "*POSIXLY_CORRECT*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:140 msgid "This environment variable is examined by the *getopt*(3) routines. If it is set, parsing stops as soon as a parameter is found that is not an option or an option argument. All remaining parameters are also interpreted as non-option parameters, regardless whether they start with a '*-*'." msgstr "此環境變數會由 *getopt*(3) 常式檢查。如果設定了，一旦找到不是選項或選項引數的參數，剖析就會停止。所有剩餘參數也會被解釋為非選項參數，無論它們是否以 '*-*' 開頭。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "*GETOPT_COMPATIBLE*" msgstr "*GETOPT_COMPATIBLE*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:143 msgid "Forces *getopt* to use the first calling format as specified in the *SYNOPSIS*." msgstr "強制 *getopt* 使用 *SYNOPSIS* 中所指定的第一種呼叫格式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:147 msgid "*getopt*(3) can parse long options with optional arguments that are given an empty optional argument (but cannot do this for short options). This *getopt*(1) treats optional arguments that are empty as if they were not present." msgstr "*getopt*(3) 可以剖析具有選擇性引數、且該選擇性引數為空的長選項（但無法對短選項如此處理）。這版的 *getopt*(1) 會將為空的選擇性引數視為不存在。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:149 msgid "The syntax if you do not want any short option variables at all is not very intuitive (you have to set them explicitly to the empty string)." msgstr "如果你完全不想產生任何短選項變數，其語法並不直觀（你必須明確將它們設為空字串）。" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:150 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:167 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:94 ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "AUTHOR" msgstr "作者" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:153 msgid "mailto:frodo@frodo.looijaard.name[Frodo Looijaard]" msgstr "mailto:frodo@frodo.looijaard.name[Frodo Looijaard]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:159 msgid "*bash*(1), *tcsh*(1), *getopt*(3)" msgstr "*bash*(1), *tcsh*(1), *getopt*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "hardlink(1)" msgstr "hardlink(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:20 msgid "hardlink - link multiple copies of a file" msgstr "hardlink - 將檔案的多個副本連結起來" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:24 msgid "*hardlink* [options] _directory_|_file_..." msgstr "*hardlink* [options] _directory_|_file_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:29 msgid "*hardlink* is a tool that replaces copies of a file with either hardlinks or copy-on-write clones, thus saving space." msgstr "*hardlink* 是取代檔案副本的工具，會以一般連結（hardlink）或寫入時複製（copy-on-write）的複製體替換副本，從而節省空間。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:37 msgid "*hardlink* first creates a binary tree of file sizes and then compares the content of files that have the same size. There are two basic content comparison methods. The *memcmp* method directly reads data blocks from files and compares them. The other method is based on checksums (like SHA256); in this case for each data block a checksum is calculated by the Linux kernel crypto API, and this checksum is stored in userspace and used for file comparisons." msgstr "*hardlink* 會先建立檔案大小的二元樹，然後比較大小相同之檔案的內容。有兩種基本的內容比較方法。*memcmp* 方法直接從檔案讀取資料區塊並加以比較。另一種方法以檢查碼（如 SHA256）為基礎；在此情況下，每個資料區塊的檢查碼由 Linux 核心的 crypto API 計算，檢查碼存放在使用者空間並用於檔案比較。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:42 msgid "For each file also an \"intro\" buffer (32 bytes) is cached. This buffer is used independently from the comparison method and requested cache-size and io-size. The \"intro\" buffer dramatically reduces operations with data content as files are very often different from the beginning." msgstr "每個檔案也會快取一個「intro」緩衝區（32 位元組）。此緩衝區的使用與比較方法、所要求的快取大小與 I/O 大小無關。「intro」緩衝區能大幅減少資料內容的處理作業，因為檔案往往從開頭就不同。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--content*" msgstr "*-c*, *--content*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:47 msgid "Consider only file content, not attributes, when determining whether two files are equal. Same as *-pot*." msgstr "判斷兩個檔案是否相同時，只考慮檔案內容，不考慮屬性。與 *-pot* 相同。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--io-size* _size_" msgstr "*-b*, *--io-size* _size_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:56 msgid "The size of the *read*(2) or *sendfile*(2) buffer used when comparing file contents. The _size_ argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB, MiB, etc. The \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\". The default is 8KiB for memcmp method and 1MiB for the other methods. The only memcmp method uses process memory for the buffer, other methods use zero-copy way and I/O operation is done in the kernel. The size may be altered on the fly to fit a number of cached content checksums." msgstr "比較檔案內容時所用 *read*(2) 或 *sendfile*(2) 緩衝區的大小。_size_ 引數後面可以接倍率後綴，如 KiB、MiB 等。「iB」可有可無，例如「K」與「KiB」意義相同。memcmp 方法的預設值為 8KiB，其他方法為 1MiB。只有 memcmp 方法使用處理程序記憶體作為緩衝區，其他方法使用零複製（zero-copy）方式，I/O 操作在核心中完成。大小可以動態調整，以配合所快取的內容檢查碼數量。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--respect-dir*" msgstr "*-d*, *--respect-dir*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:59 msgid "Only try to link files with the same directory name. The top-level directory (as specified on the *hardlink* command line) is ignored. For example, *hardlink --respect-dir /foo /bar* will link _/foo/some/file_ with _/bar/some/file_, but not _/bar/other/file_. If combined with *--respect-name*, then entire paths (except the top-level directory) are compared." msgstr "只嘗試連結具有相同目錄名稱的檔案。頂層目錄（以 *hardlink* 命令列指定的）會被忽略。例如，*hardlink --respect-dir /foo /bar* 會將 _/foo/some/file_ 與 _/bar/some/file_ 連結，但不會與 _/bar/other/file_ 連結。如果與 *--respect-name* 合併使用，則會比較完整路徑（頂層目錄除外）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--respect-name*" msgstr "*-f*, *--respect-name*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:62 msgid "Only try to link files with the same (base)name. It's strongly recommended to use long options rather than *-f* which is interpreted in a different way by other *hardlink* implementations." msgstr "只嘗試連結具有相同（基底）名稱的檔案。強烈建議使用長選項而非 *-f*，因為其他 *hardlink* 實作會以不同方式解讀 *-f*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--prioritize-trees*" msgstr "*-F*, *--prioritize-trees*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:66 msgid "Keep files found in the earliest specified top-level directory if there are multiple identical files in different trees. For example, *hardlink foo/ bar/* will link files in bar/ to equal files in the foo/ directory." msgstr "如果在不同樹中有多個相同的檔案，保留最早指定之頂層目錄中的檔案。例如，*hardlink foo/ bar/* 會將 bar/ 中的檔案連結到 foo/ 目錄中相同的檔案。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--include* _regex_" msgstr "*-i*, *--include* _regex_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:69 msgid "A regular expression to include files. If the option *--exclude* has been given, this option re-includes files which would otherwise be excluded. If the option is used without *--exclude*, only files matched by the pattern are included." msgstr "用來納入檔案的正規表示式。如果已指定 *--exclude* 選項，此選項會重新納入原本會被排除的檔案。如果此選項在沒有 *--exclude* 的情況下使用，則只會納入符合此模式配對的檔案。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list-duplicates*" msgstr "*-l*, *--list-duplicates*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:72 msgid "Don't link anything, but list the absolute path of every duplicate file, one per line, preceded by a unique 16-byte discriminator and a tab." msgstr "不進行任何連結，而是列出每個重複檔案的絕對路徑，每行一個，前面加上唯一的 16 位元組識別元與一個定位字元。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--maximize*" msgstr "*-m*, *--maximize*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:75 msgid "Among equal files, keep the file with the highest link count." msgstr "在相同的檔案中，保留連結數最多的檔案。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M*, *--minimize*" msgstr "*-M*, *--minimize*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:78 msgid "Among equal files, keep the file with the lowest link count." msgstr "在相同的檔案中，保留連結數最少的檔案。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*--mount*" msgstr "*--mount*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:81 msgid "Do not traverse directories on different filesystems (remain within the same filesystem)." msgstr "不要走訪不同檔案系統上的目錄（保持在同一個檔案系統內）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:82 ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:96 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--dry-run*" msgstr "*-n*, *--dry-run*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:84 msgid "Do not act, just print what would happen." msgstr "不實際執行，只印出會發生什麼事。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--ignore-owner*" msgstr "*-o*, *--ignore-owner*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:87 msgid "Link and compare files even if their owner information (user and group) differs. Results may be unpredictable." msgstr "即使檔案的擁有者資訊（使用者與群組）不同，仍進行連結與比較。結果可能無法預期。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--keep-oldest*" msgstr "*-O*, *--keep-oldest*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:90 msgid "Among equal files, keep the oldest file (least recent modification time). By default, the newest file is kept. If *--maximize* or *--minimize* is specified, the link count has a higher precedence than the time of modification." msgstr "在相同的檔案中，保留最舊的檔案（修改時間最久遠者）。預設會保留最新的檔案。如果指定 *--maximize* 或 *--minimize*，連結數的優先順序高於修改時間。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--ignore-mode*" msgstr "*-p*, *--ignore-mode*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:93 msgid "Link and compare files even if their mode is different. Results may be slightly unpredictable." msgstr "即使檔案的模式不同，仍進行連結與比較。結果可能稍微無法預期。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:96 msgid "Quiet mode, don't print anything." msgstr "靜默模式，不印出任何內容。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--cache-size* _size_" msgstr "*-r*, *--cache-size* _size_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:102 msgid "The size of the cache for content checksums. All non-memcmp methods calculate checksum for each file content block (see *--io-size*), these checksums are cached for the next comparison. The size is important for large files or a large sets of files of the same size. The default is 10MiB." msgstr "內容檢查碼快取的大小。所有非 memcmp 的方法都會為每個檔案內容區塊計算檢查碼（參見 *--io-size*），這些檢查碼會被快取以供下一次比較使用。對大型檔案或大量同大小檔案而言，此大小很重要。預設值為 10MiB。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*--reflink*[**=**_when_]" msgstr "*--reflink*[**=**_when_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:108 msgid "Create copy-on-write clones (aka reflinks) rather than hardlinks. The reflinked files share only on-disk data, but the file mode and owner can be different. It's recommended to use this option together with the *--ignore-owner* and *--ignore-mode* options. This option implies *--skip-reflinks* to ignore already cloned files." msgstr "建立寫入時複製的複製體（又稱 reflink）而非一般連結（hardlink）。經 reflink 的檔案只共用磁碟上的資料，但檔案模式與擁有者可以不同。建議將此選項與 *--ignore-owner* 和 *--ignore-mode* 選項一起使用。此選項隱含 *--skip-reflinks*，以忽略已複製的檔案。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:115 msgid "The optional argument _when_ can be *never*, *always*, or *auto*. If the _when_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*, which means that *hardlink* checks the filesystem type and uses reflinks on BTRFS, XFS and ZFS only, and falls back to hardlinks when creating a reflink is impossible. The argument *always* disables filesystem-type detection and the fallback to hardlinks, which means that only reflinks are allowed." msgstr "選擇性引數 _when_ 可以是 *never*、*always* 或 *auto*。如果省略 _when_ 引數，預設為 *auto*，這表示 *hardlink* 會檢查檔案系統類型，只在 BTRFS、XFS 與 ZFS 上使用 reflink，並在無法建立 reflink 時退回使用一般連結（hardlink）。*always* 引數會停用檔案系統類型偵測與退回連結的機制，這表示只允許 reflink。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "*--skip-reflinks*" msgstr "*--skip-reflinks*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:118 msgid "Ignore already cloned files. This option may be used without *--reflink* when creating classic hardlinks." msgstr "忽略已複製的檔案。建立傳統連結（classic hardlink）時，此選項可以在沒有 *--reflink* 的情況下使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:119 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--minimum-size* _size_" msgstr "*-s*, *--minimum-size* _size_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:121 msgid "The minimum size to consider. By default this is 1, so empty files will not be linked. The _size_ argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\")." msgstr "要考量的最小大小。預設值為 1，因此不會連結空檔案。_size_ 引數後面可以接倍率後綴 KiB（=1024）、MiB（=1024*1024）等，GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB 依此類推（「iB」可有可無，例如「K」與「KiB」意義相同）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--maximum-size* _size_" msgstr "*-S*, *--maximum-size* _size_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:124 msgid "The maximum size to consider. By default this is 0 and 0 has the special meaning of unlimited. The _size_ argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\")." msgstr "要考量的最大大小。預設值為 0，而 0 具有「無限」的特殊含義。_size_ 引數後面可以接倍率後綴 KiB（=1024）、MiB（=1024*1024）等，GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB 依此類推（「iB」可有可無，例如「K」與「KiB」意義相同）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:125 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--ignore-time*" msgstr "*-t*, *--ignore-time*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:127 msgid "Link and compare files even if their time of modification is different. This is usually a good choice." msgstr "即使檔案的修改時間不同，仍進行連結與比較。這通常是好的選擇。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:130 msgid "Verbose output, explain to the user what is being done. If specified once, every hardlinked file is displayed. If specified twice, it also shows every comparison." msgstr "詳細輸出，向使用者說明正在進行的動作。指定一次時，會顯示每個經連結的檔案。指定兩次時，也會顯示每次的比較。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--exclude* _regex_" msgstr "*-x*, *--exclude* _regex_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:133 msgid "A regular expression that excludes files from being compared and linked. This option can be used multiple times." msgstr "排除檔案、使其不會被比較與連結的正規表示式。此選項可以多次使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:134 #, no-wrap msgid "*--exclude-subtree* _regex_" msgstr "*--exclude-subtree* _regex_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:136 msgid "A regular expression that excludes entire directories from being compared and linked. This option can also be used multiple times." msgstr "排除整個目錄、使其不會被比較與連結的正規表示式。此選項也可以多次使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "*-X*, *--respect-xattrs*" msgstr "*-X*, *--respect-xattrs*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:139 msgid "Only try to link files with the same extended attributes." msgstr "只嘗試連結具有相同延伸屬性的檔案。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "*-y*, *--method* _name_" msgstr "*-y*, *--method* _name_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:146 msgid "Set the file content comparison method. The currently supported methods are *sha256*, *sha1*, *crc32c*, and *memcmp*. The default is *sha256*, or *memcmp* if the Linux Crypto API is not available. The methods based on checksums are implemented in a zero-copy way, which means that file contents are not copied to userspace and all calculation is done in the kernel." msgstr "設定檔案內容的比較方法。目前支援的方法為 *sha256*、*sha1*、*crc32c* 與 *memcmp*。預設為 *sha256*，如果無法使用 Linux Crypto API 則為 *memcmp*。以檢查碼為基礎的方法以零複製（zero-copy）方式實作，這表示檔案內容不會複製到使用者空間，所有計算都在核心中完成。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:149 msgid "Separate lines with a NUL byte instead of a newline (for *-l*)." msgstr "以 NUL 位元組取代換行來分隔各行（用於 *-l*）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:155 msgid "*hardlink* takes one or more directories which will be searched for files to be linked." msgstr "*hardlink* 接受一個或多個目錄，會在這些目錄中搜尋要連結的檔案。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "*ULFILEEQ_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*ULFILEEQ_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:160 msgid "Enables debug output for file comparisons." msgstr "啟用檔案比較的除錯輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:164 msgid "The original *hardlink* implementation uses the option *-f* to force hardlinks creation between filesystem. This very rarely usable feature is no more supported by the current *hardlink*." msgstr "原始的 *hardlink* 實作使用 *-f* 選項來強制在不同檔案系統之間建立連結。這個極少使用的功能，目前的 *hardlink* 已不再支援。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:166 msgid "*hardlink* assumes that the trees it operates on do not change during operation. If a tree does change, the result is undefined and potentially dangerous. For example, if a regular file is replaced by a device, *hardlink* may start reading from the device. If a component of a path is replaced by a symbolic link or file permissions change, security may be compromised. Do not run *hardlink* on a changing tree or on a tree controlled by another user." msgstr "*hardlink* 假設它所處理的樹在操作期間不會變更。如果樹有變更，結果是未定義的，且可能導致危險。例如，如果一般檔案被裝置取代，*hardlink* 可能會開始從裝置讀取。如果路徑的某個組成部分被符號連結取代或檔案權限有所變更，安全性可能會受到危害。請勿在會變更的樹上或由其他使用者控制的樹上執行 *hardlink*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:170 msgid "There are multiple *hardlink* implementations. The very first implementation is from Jakub Jelinek for Fedora distribution, this implementation has been used in util-linux between versions v2.34 to v2.36. The current implementations is based on Debian version from Julian Andres Klode." msgstr "*hardlink* 有多種實作。最早的實作出自 Jakub Jelinek，專為 Fedora 發行版而寫，這個實作在 util-linux 的 v2.34 至 v2.36 版之間被使用。目前的實作以 Julian Andres Klode 的 Debian 版本為基礎。" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:9 #, no-wrap msgid "kill(1)" msgstr "kill(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:19 msgid "kill - terminate a process" msgstr "kill - 終止處理程序" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:23 msgid "*kill* [**-**_signal_|*-s* _signal_|*-p*] [*-q* _value_] [*-a*] [*--timeout* _milliseconds_ _signal_] [*--*] _pid_|_pid_:_pidfd_inode_|_name_..." msgstr "*kill* [**-**_signal_|*-s* _signal_|*-p*] [*-q* _value_] [*-a*] [*--timeout* _milliseconds_ _signal_] [*--*] _pid_|_pid_:_pidfd_inode_|_name_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:25 msgid "*kill* [**-**_signal_|*-s* _signal_] _pid_|_pid_:_pidfd_inode_..." msgstr "*kill* [**-**_signal_|*-s* _signal_] _pid_|_pid_:_pidfd_inode_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:27 msgid "*kill* *-l* [_number_|``0x``_sigmask_] | *-L*" msgstr "*kill* *-l* [_number_|``0x``_sigmask_] | *-L*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:29 msgid "*kill* *-d* _pid_" msgstr "*kill* *-d* _pid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:33 msgid "The command *kill* sends the specified _signal_ to the specified processes or process groups." msgstr "*kill* 命令會將指定的 _signal_ 傳送給指定的處理程序或處理程序群組。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:35 msgid "If no signal is specified, the *TERM* signal is sent. The default action for this signal is to terminate the process. This signal should be used in preference to the *KILL* signal (number 9), since a process may install a handler for the TERM signal in order to perform clean-up steps before terminating in an orderly fashion. If a process does not terminate after a *TERM* signal has been sent, then the *KILL* signal may be used; be aware that the latter signal cannot be caught, and so does not give the target process the opportunity to perform any clean-up before terminating." msgstr "如果未指定訊號，會傳送 *TERM* 訊號。此訊號的預設動作是終止處理程序。由於處理程序可以為 TERM 訊號安裝處理常式，以便在有序地終止之前執行清理步驟，因此應優先使用此訊號而非 *KILL* 訊號（編號 9）。如果處理程序在傳送 *TERM* 訊號之後仍未終止，則可以使用 *KILL* 訊號；請注意，*KILL* 訊號無法被捕獲，因此不會給目標處理程序在終止前執行任何清理工作的機會。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:37 msgid "Most modern shells have a builtin *kill* command, with a usage rather similar to that of the command described here. The *--all*, *--pid*, and *--queue* options, and the possibility to specify processes by command name, are local extensions." msgstr "大多數現代 shell 都有內建的 *kill* 命令，其用法與此處所述的命令頗為相似。*--all*、*--pid* 與 *--queue* 選項，以及以命令名稱指定處理程序的能力，都是在地的延伸功能。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:39 msgid "If _signal_ is 0, then no actual signal is sent, but error checking is still performed." msgstr "如果 _signal_ 為 0，則不會傳送實際的訊號，但仍會執行錯誤檢查。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:43 msgid "The list of processes to be signaled can be a mixture of names and PIDs." msgstr "要接收訊號的處理程序清單可以是名稱與 PID 的混合。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "_pid_" msgstr "_pid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:46 msgid "Each _pid_ can be expressed in one of the following ways:" msgstr "每個 _pid_ 可以用下列方式之一表示：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "_n_" msgstr "_n_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:48 msgid "where _n_ is larger than 0. The process with PID _n_ is signaled." msgstr "其中 _n_ 大於 0。PID 為 _n_ 的處理程序會收到訊號。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:50 msgid "All processes in the current process group are signaled." msgstr "目前處理程序群組中的所有處理程序都會收到訊號。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:52 msgid "All processes with a PID larger than 1 are signaled." msgstr "PID 大於 1 的所有處理程序都會收到訊號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "**-**__n__" msgstr "**-**__n__" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:54 msgid "where _n_ is larger than 1. All processes in process group _n_ are signaled. When an argument of the form '-n' is given, and it is meant to denote a process group, either a signal must be specified first, or the argument must be preceded by a '--' option, otherwise it will be taken as the signal to send." msgstr "其中 _n_ 大於 1。處理程序群組 _n_ 中的所有處理程序都會收到訊號。當給定形式為 '-n' 的引數，且其用意在於表示處理程序群組時，必須先指定訊號，或是在該引數前面加上 '--' 選項，否則它會被當作要傳送的訊號來解讀。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "_pid_:_pidfd_inode_" msgstr "_pid_:_pidfd_inode_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:57 msgid "A process can be referenced by its _pid_ plus _pidfd_inode_ (pid:pidfd_inode), to uniquely identify it and perform race-free signalling. This works only for the options -s, --signal and -_signal_. Requires kernel version 6.9 and later." msgstr "處理程序可以透過其 _pid_ 加上 _pidfd_inode_（pid:pidfd_inode）來參照，以唯一識別它並執行無競態的訊號傳送。這只對 -s、--signal 與 -_signal_ 選項有效。需要核心 6.9 版或更新版本。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "_name_" msgstr "_name_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:60 msgid "All processes invoked using this _name_ will be signaled." msgstr "所有以這個 _name_ 呼叫的處理程序都會收到訊號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--signal* _signal_" msgstr "*-s*, *--signal* _signal_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:65 msgid "The signal to send. It may be given as a name or a number." msgstr "要傳送的訊號。可以用名稱或數字來指定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list* [_number_|``0x``_sigmask_]" msgstr "*-l*, *--list* [_number_|``0x``_sigmask_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:68 msgid "Print a list of signal names, convert the given signal number to a name, or convert the given signal mask to names. The signals can be found in _/usr/include/linux/signal.h_." msgstr "印出訊號名稱的清單，將指定的訊號編號轉換成名稱，或將指定的訊號遮罩（signal mask）轉換成名稱。訊號可以在 _/usr/include/linux/signal.h_ 中找到。" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:78 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ps s $$\n" " UID PID PENDING BLOCKED IGNORED CAUGHT STAT TTY TIME COMMAND\n" " 1000 1608069 0000000000000000 0000000000000002 0000000000384000 0000000008013003 Ss pts/44 0:02 zsh\n" "$ kill -l 0x0000000000384000\n" "TERM\n" "TSTP\n" "TTIN\n" "TTOU\n" msgstr "" "$ ps s $$\n" " UID PID PENDING BLOCKED IGNORED CAUGHT STAT TTY TIME COMMAND\n" " 1000 1608069 0000000000000000 0000000000000002 0000000000384000 0000000008013003 Ss pts/44 0:02 zsh\n" "$ kill -l 0x0000000000384000\n" "TERM\n" "TSTP\n" "TTIN\n" "TTOU\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:81 msgid "If neither *NUMBER* nor `0x`*SIGMASK* is given, list all signal names. In that case, print one signal per line when the output is not a terminal." msgstr "如果既未指定 *NUMBER* 也未指定 `0x`*SIGMASK*，則列出所有訊號名稱。在此情況下，當輸出不是終端機時，每行印出一個訊號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*-L*, *--table*" msgstr "*-L*, *--table*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:84 msgid "Similar to *-l*, but it will print signal names and their corresponding numbers. Print one signal per line when the output is not a terminal." msgstr "與 *-l* 類似，但它會印出訊號名稱及其對應的編號。當輸出不是終端機時，每行印出一個訊號。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:86 msgid "Do not restrict the command-name-to-PID conversion to processes with the same UID as the present process." msgstr "不要將命令名稱轉換 PID 作業限制在與目前處理程序具有相同 UID 的處理程序。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:86 ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:102 #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:78 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:79 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:58 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pid*" msgstr "*-p*, *--pid*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:88 msgid "Only print the process ID (PID) of the named processes, do not send any signals." msgstr "只印出指定名稱之處理程序的處理程序 ID（PID），不傳送任何訊號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--require-handler*" msgstr "*-r*, *--require-handler*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:90 msgid "Do not send the signal if it is not caught in userspace by the signalled process." msgstr "如果接收訊號的處理程序沒有在使用者空間捕獲此訊號，就不要傳送它。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:92 msgid "Print PID(s) that will be signaled with *kill* along with the signal." msgstr "印出將以 *kill* 收到訊號的 PID，連同該訊號一起印出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*-q*, *--queue* _value_" msgstr "*-q*, *--queue* _value_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:94 msgid "Send the signal using *sigqueue*(3) rather than *kill*(2). The _value_ argument is an integer that is sent along with the signal. If the receiving process has installed a handler for this signal using the *SA_SIGINFO* flag to *sigaction*(2), then it can obtain this data via the _si_sigval_ field of the _siginfo_t_ structure." msgstr "使用 *sigqueue*(3) 而非 *kill*(2) 來傳送訊號。_value_ 引數是隨訊號一起傳送的整數。如果接收處理程序已使用 *sigaction*(2) 的 *SA_SIGINFO* 旗標為此訊號安裝處理常式，則它可以透過 _siginfo_t_ 結構的 _si_sigval_ 欄位取得此資料。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "*--timeout* _milliseconds signal_" msgstr "*--timeout* _milliseconds signal_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:96 msgid "Send a signal defined in the usual way to a process, followed by an additional signal after a specified delay. The *--timeout* option causes *kill* to wait for a period defined in _milliseconds_ before sending a follow-up _signal_ to the process. This feature is implemented using the Linux kernel PID file descriptor feature in order to guarantee that the follow-up signal is sent to the same process or not sent if the process no longer exists." msgstr "以一般方式將訊號傳送給處理程序，然後在指定的延遲後再傳送一個額外的訊號。*--timeout* 選項會讓 *kill* 在向處理程序傳送後續的 _signal_ 之前，等待 _milliseconds_ 所定義的一段時間。此功能使用 Linux 核心的 PID 檔案描述元功能來實作，以確保後續訊號會傳送給同一個處理程序，如果處理程序已不存在則不傳送。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:98 msgid "Note that the operating system may re-use PIDs and implementing an equivalent feature in a shell using *kill* and *sleep* would be subject to races whereby the follow-up signal might be sent to a different process that used a recycled PID." msgstr "請注意，作業系統可能會重用 PID，而在 shell 中使用 *kill* 與 *sleep* 實作等效功能會受到競態狀況影響，後續訊號可能會被傳送給使用到回收 PID 的另一個處理程序。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:100 msgid "The *--timeout* option can be specified multiple times: the signals are sent sequentially with the specified timeouts. The *--timeout* option can be combined with the *--queue* option." msgstr "*--timeout* 選項可以指定多次：訊號會以指定的逾時依序傳送。*--timeout* 選項可以與 *--queue* 選項合併使用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:102 msgid "As an example, the following command sends the signals *QUIT*, *TERM* and *KILL* in sequence and waits for 1000 milliseconds between sending the signals:" msgstr "舉例來說，下列命令依序傳送 *QUIT*、*TERM* 與 *KILL* 訊號，並在傳送各訊號之間等待 1000 毫秒：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "" "kill --verbose --timeout 1000 TERM --timeout 1000 KILL \\\n" " --signal QUIT 12345\n" msgstr "" "kill --verbose --timeout 1000 TERM --timeout 1000 KILL \\\n" " --signal QUIT 12345\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--show-process-state* _pid_" msgstr "*-d*, *--show-process-state* _pid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:109 msgid "Decode signal related fields in /proc/_pid_/status." msgstr "解碼 /proc/_pid_/status 中與訊號相關的欄位。" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:115 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ kill -d $$\n" "Blocked: INT\n" "Ignored: TERM TSTP TTIN TTOU\n" "Caught: HUP INT PIPE ALRM CHLD WINCH\n" msgstr "" "$ kill -d $$\n" "Blocked: INT\n" "Ignored: TERM TSTP TTIN TTOU\n" "Caught: HUP INT PIPE ALRM CHLD WINCH\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:122 msgid "*kill* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "*kill* 具有下列結束狀態值：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:127 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:214 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:68 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:88 #: ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:80 msgid "failure" msgstr "失敗" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:129 msgid "partial success (when more than one process specified)" msgstr "部分成功（當指定多個處理程序時）" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:133 msgid "Although it is possible to specify the TID (thread ID, see *gettid*(2)) of one of the threads in a multithreaded process as the argument of *kill*, the signal is nevertheless directed to the process (i.e., the entire thread group). In other words, it is not possible to send a signal to an explicitly selected thread in a multithreaded process. The signal will be delivered to an arbitrarily selected thread in the target process that is not blocking the signal. For more details, see *signal*(7) and the description of *CLONE_THREAD* in *clone*(2)." msgstr "雖然可以指定多執行緒處理程序中某個執行緒的 TID（執行緒 ID，參見 *gettid*(2)）作為 *kill* 的引數，但訊號仍然會導向處理程序（即整個執行緒群組）。換句話說，無法在多執行緒處理程序中向明確選定的執行緒傳送訊號。訊號會被送達目標處理程序中任意選定、且未封鎖該訊號的執行緒。更多細節請參閱 *signal*(7) 以及 *clone*(2) 中的 *CLONE_THREAD* 說明。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:135 msgid "Various shells provide a builtin *kill* command that is preferred in relation to the *kill*(1) executable described by this manual. The easiest way to ensure one is executing the command described in this page is to use the full path when calling the command, for example: */bin/kill --version*" msgstr "各種 shell 都提供內建的 *kill* 命令，且優先採用內建命令而非本手冊所述之 *kill*(1) 執行檔。確保正在執行本頁所述命令的最簡單方式，是在呼叫命令時使用完整路徑，例如：*/bin/kill --version*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:140 msgid "mailto:svalente@mit.edu[Salvatore Valente], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:svalente@mit.edu[Salvatore Valente], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:142 msgid "The original version was taken from BSD 4.4." msgstr "原始版本取自 BSD 4.4。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:153 msgid "*bash*(1), *tcsh*(1), *sigaction*(2), *kill*(2), *sigqueue*(3), *signal*(7) *proc(5)* *proc_pid_status(5)*" msgstr "*bash*(1), *tcsh*(1), *sigaction*(2), *kill*(2), *sigqueue*(3), *signal*(7) *proc(5)* *proc_pid_status(5)*" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "lastlog2(8)" msgstr "lastlog2(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:18 msgid "lastlog2 - displays date of last login for all users or a specific one" msgstr "lastlog2 - 顯示所有使用者或特定使用者的最後登入日期" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:22 msgid "*lastlog2* [options]" msgstr "*lastlog2* [options]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:29 msgid "*lastlog2* displays the content of the last-login database. The _login-name_, _last-login-time_, _tty_ and _remote-host_ will be printed. By default (no flags) all last-login entries are printed, in the order they were first written into the database." msgstr "*lastlog2* 會顯示上一次登入資料庫的內容。會印出 _login-name_、_last-login-time_、_tty_ 與 _remote-host_。預設（無旗標）情況下，會依照寫入資料庫的順序列印所有上一次登入的記錄。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:32 msgid "If a user has never logged in, the message *+++**+++Never logged in+++**+++* is displayed in the last-login-time column." msgstr "如果使用者從未登入過，會在 last-login-time 欄位顯示訊息 *+++**+++從未登入+++**+++*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:35 msgid "Only the entries for the current users of the system are displayed. Other entries may exist for users that have meanwhile been deleted." msgstr "只會顯示系統目前使用者的記錄。對於已被刪除的使用者，可能還存在其他記錄。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:38 msgid "Compared to *lastlog*(8), this command is Y2038-safe, and uses SQLite3 instead of a sparse file to store the information." msgstr "與 *lastlog*(8) 相比，此命令是 Y2038 安全的，並使用 SQLite3 而非稀疏檔案來儲存資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--active*" msgstr "*-a*, *--active*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:43 msgid "Do not print entries for users who have never logged in." msgstr "不要印出從未登入之使用者的記錄。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--before* _days_" msgstr "*-b*, *--before* _days_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:46 msgid "Print only the last-login records older than _days_." msgstr "只印出早於 _days_ 天的上一次登入記錄。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:47 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--clear*" msgstr "*-C*, *--clear*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:50 msgid "Clear the last-login record of a user. This option can only be used together with *-u* (*--user*)." msgstr "清除使用者的上一次登入記錄。此選項只能與 *-u*（*--user*）一起使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--database* _file_" msgstr "*-d*, *--database* _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:53 msgid "Use _file_ as *lastlog2* database." msgstr "使用 _file_ 作為 *lastlog2* 資料庫。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--import* _file_" msgstr "*-i*, *--import* _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:57 msgid "Import data from an old lastlog file named _file_. Existing entries in the lastlog2 database will be overwritten." msgstr "從名為 _file_ 的舊 lastlog 檔案匯入資料。lastlog2 資料庫中既有的記錄會被覆寫。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--rename* _newname_" msgstr "*-r*, *--rename* _newname_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:61 msgid "Rename the user given with *-u* to this _newname_. This option can only be used together with *-u* (*--user*)." msgstr "將以 *-u* 指定的使用者改名為此 _newname_。此選項只能與 *-u*（*--user*）一起使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--service*" msgstr "*-s*, *--service*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:64 msgid "Display the PAM service used to login in the last column." msgstr "在最後一欄顯示用於登入的 PAM 服務。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--set*" msgstr "*-S*, *--set*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:68 msgid "Set the last-login record of a user to the current time. This option can only be used together with *-u* (*--user*)." msgstr "將使用者的上一次登入記錄設定為目前時間。此選項只能與 *-u*（*--user*）一起使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--time* _days_" msgstr "*-t*, *--time* _days_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:71 msgid "Print only last-login records more recent than _days_." msgstr "只印出比 _days_ 天更近的上一次登入記錄。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--user* _login_" msgstr "*-u*, *--user* _login_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:74 msgid "Print (or modify) the last-login record of the user _login_." msgstr "印出（或修改）使用者 _login_ 的上一次登入記錄。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*/var/lib/lastlog/lastlog2.db*" msgstr "*/var/lib/lastlog/lastlog2.db*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:81 msgid "Lastlog2 logging database file" msgstr "Lastlog2 記錄資料庫檔案" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:86 msgid "lastlog2 was written by Thorsten Kukuk for *liblastlog2*(3)." msgstr "lastlog2 由 Thorsten Kukuk 為 *liblastlog2*(3) 所撰寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:90 msgid "*liblastlog2*(3)" msgstr "*liblastlog2*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "logger(1)" msgstr "logger(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:48 msgid "logger - enter messages into the system log" msgstr "logger - 將訊息寫入系統日誌" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:52 msgid "*logger* [options] _message_" msgstr "*logger* [options] _message_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:56 msgid "*logger* makes entries in the system log." msgstr "*logger* 會在系統日誌中建立記錄。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:58 msgid "When the optional _message_ argument is present, it is written to the log. If it is not present, and the *-f* option is not given either, then standard input is logged." msgstr "當提供選擇性的 _message_ 引數時，它會被寫入日誌。如果沒有提供，且也未指定 *-f* 選項，則會記錄標準輸入。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--udp*" msgstr "*-d*, *--udp*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:63 msgid "Use datagrams (UDP) only. By default the connection is tried to the syslog port defined in _/etc/services_, which is often 514." msgstr "只使用資料包（UDP）。預設會嘗試連線到 _/etc/services_ 中所定義的 syslog 連接埠，通常是 514。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:65 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:182 msgid "See also *--server* and *--socket* to specify where to connect." msgstr "指定連線位置時，另請參見 *--server* 與 *--socket*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--skip-empty*" msgstr "*-e*, *--skip-empty*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:68 msgid "Ignore empty lines when processing files. An empty line is defined to be a line without any characters. Thus a line consisting only of whitespace is NOT considered empty. Note that when the *--prio-prefix* option is specified, the priority is not part of the line. Thus an empty line in this mode is a line that does not have any characters after the priority prefix (e.g., *<13>*)." msgstr "處理檔案時忽略空行。空行定義為不含任何字元的行。因此，只由空白字元組成的行並非空行。請注意，當指定 *--prio-prefix* 選項時，優先順序不屬於行的一部分。因此，在此模式下，空行是指在優先順序前置詞（例如 *<13>*）之後沒有任何字元的行。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:71 msgid "Log the contents of the specified _file_. This option cannot be combined with a command-line message." msgstr "記錄指定 _file_ 的內容。此選項不能與命令列訊息合併使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*" msgstr "*-i*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:74 msgid "Log the PID of the *logger* process with each line." msgstr "在每一行記錄 *logger* 處理程序的 PID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*--id*[**=**__id__]" msgstr "*--id*[**=**__id__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:77 msgid "Log the PID of the *logger* process with each line. When the optional argument _id_ is specified, then it is used instead of the *logger* command's PID. The use of *--id=$$* (PPID) is recommended in scripts that send several messages." msgstr "在每一行記錄 *logger* 處理程序的 PID。當指定選擇性引數 _id_ 時，會使用它取代 *logger* 命令的 PID。對於傳送多則訊息的腳本，建議使用 *--id=$$*（PPID）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:79 msgid "Note that the system logging infrastructure (for example *systemd* when listening on _/dev/log_) may follow local socket credentials to override the PID specified in the message. *logger*(1) is able to set those socket credentials to the given _id_, but only if you have root permissions and a process with the specified PID exists, otherwise the socket credentials are not modified and the problem is silently ignored." msgstr "請注意，系統記錄基礎設施（例如在 _/dev/log_ 上監聽的 *systemd*）可能會依據本機 socket 的憑據，覆寫訊息中所指定的 PID。*logger*(1) 能夠將這些 socket 憑據設定為指定的 _id_，但只有在你有 root 權限且存在具有指定 PID 的處理程序時才辦得到；否則 socket 憑據不會被修改，此問題會被靜默地忽略。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*--journald*[**=**__file__]" msgstr "*--journald*[**=**__file__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:82 msgid "Write a *systemd* journal entry. The entry is read from the given _file_, when specified, otherwise from standard input. Each line must begin with a field that is accepted by *journald*; see *systemd.journal-fields*(7) for details. The use of a MESSAGE_ID field is generally a good idea, as it makes finding entries easy. Examples:" msgstr "寫入一筆 *systemd* journal 記錄。記錄在指定 _file_ 時從該檔案讀取，否則從標準輸入讀取。每一行都必須以 *journald* 接受的欄位開頭；細節請參閱 *systemd.journal-fields*(7)。使用 MESSAGE_ID 欄位通常是不錯的做法，因為它讓記錄更容易尋找。範例：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "" " logger --journald <*." msgstr "在從標準輸入讀取的每一行尋找 syslog 前置詞。此前置詞是尖括號內的十進位數字，同時編碼了設施與等級。此數字由設施乘 8 再加上等級構成。例如，*local0.info*（表示 facility=16 與 level=6）會變成 *<134>*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:120 msgid "If the prefix contains no facility, the facility defaults to what is specified by the *-p* option. Similarly, if no prefix is provided, the line is logged using the _priority_ given with *-p*." msgstr "如果前置詞不含設施，設施會預設為 *-p* 選項所指定的值。同樣地，如果未提供前置詞，該行會使用 *-p* 所給定的 _priority_ 來記錄。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:122 msgid "This option doesn't affect a command-line message. This option is primarily designed for use cases where *logger* is used in a pipeline (e.g., daemon | logger --prio-prefix) to read multiple messages with different priorities." msgstr "此選項不影響命令列訊息。此選項主要設計用於 *logger* 在管道中使用（例如 daemon | logger --prio-prefix）以讀取具有不同優先順序之多則訊息的場景。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:123 #, no-wrap msgid "*--rfc3164*" msgstr "*--rfc3164*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:125 msgid "Use the link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3164[RFC 3164] BSD syslog protocol to submit messages to a remote server." msgstr "使用 link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3164[RFC 3164] BSD syslog 協定，將訊息提交給遠端伺服器。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:126 #, no-wrap msgid "*--rfc5424*[**=**__without__]" msgstr "*--rfc5424*[**=**__without__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:128 msgid "Use the link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5424[RFC 5424] syslog protocol to submit messages to a remote server. The optional _without_ argument can be a comma-separated list of the following values: *notq*, *notime*, *nohost*." msgstr "使用 link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5424[RFC 5424] syslog 協定，將訊息提交給遠端伺服器。選擇性的 _without_ 引數可以是下列值的逗號分隔清單：*notq*、*notime*、*nohost*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:130 msgid "The *notq* value suppresses the time-quality structured data from the submitted message. The time-quality information shows whether the local clock was synchronized plus the maximum number of microseconds the timestamp might be off. The time quality is also automatically suppressed when *--sd-id timeQuality* is specified." msgstr "*notq* 值會抑制所提交訊息中的時間品質（time-quality）結構化資料。時間品質資訊顯示本機時鐘是否已同步，以及時間戳記可能偏移的最大微秒數。當指定 *--sd-id timeQuality* 時，時間品質也會被自動抑制。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:132 msgid "The *notime* value (which implies *notq*) suppresses the complete sender timestamp that is in ISO-8601 format, including microseconds and timezone." msgstr "*notime* 值（隱含 *notq*）會抑制完整的傳送者時間戳記（ISO-8601 格式，包括微秒與時區）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:134 msgid "The *nohost* value suppresses *gethostname*(2) information from the message header." msgstr "*nohost* 值會抑制訊息標頭中的 *gethostname*(2) 資訊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:136 msgid "The RFC 5424 protocol has been the default for *logger* since version 2.26." msgstr "自 2.26 版起，RFC 5424 協定一直是 *logger* 的預設協定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--stderr*" msgstr "*-s*, *--stderr*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:139 msgid "Output the message to standard error as well as to the system log. The complete message is output in the same form as sent to syslog or journald, including priority and possibly other fields. This option is primarily designed for debugging purposes and is often used with *--no-act*." msgstr "將訊息輸出到標準錯誤與系統日誌。完整的訊息會以傳送給 syslog 或 journald 的相同形式輸出，包括優先順序以及其他可能的欄位。此選項主要設計用於除錯目的，常與 *--no-act* 一起使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "*--sd-id* _name_[**@**__digits__]" msgstr "*--sd-id* _name_[**@**__digits__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:142 msgid "Specifies a structured data element ID for an RFC 5424 message header. The option has to be used before *--sd-param* to introduce a new element. The number of structured data elements is unlimited. The ID (_name_ plus possibly **@**__digits__) is case-sensitive and uniquely identifies the type and purpose of the element. The same ID must not exist more than once in a message. The **@**__digits__ part is required for user-defined non-standardized IDs." msgstr "指定 RFC 5424 訊息標頭的結構化資料元素 ID。此選項必須在 *--sd-param* 之前使用，以引入新的元素。結構化資料元素沒有數量限制。ID（_name_ 外加可能的 **@**__digits__）區分大小寫，並唯一識別元素的類型與用途。同一 ID 在訊息中不得出現一次以上。**@**__digits__ 部分對使用者自訂的非標準化 ID 是必要的。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:144 msgid "*logger* currently generates the *timeQuality* standardized element only. RFC 5424 also describes the elements *origin* (with parameters *ip*, *enterpriseId*, *software* and *swVersion*) and *meta* (with parameters *sequenceId*, *sysUpTime* and *language*). These element IDs may be specified without the **@**__digits__ suffix." msgstr "*logger* 目前只產生 *timeQuality* 標準化元素。RFC 5424 還描述了 *origin*（參數為 *ip*、*enterpriseId*、*software* 與 *swVersion*）與 *meta*（參數為 *sequenceId*、*sysUpTime* 與 *language*）等元素。這些元素 ID 可以在不帶 **@**__digits__ 後綴的情況下指定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:145 #, no-wrap msgid "*--sd-param* _name_=_value_" msgstr "*--sd-param* _name_=_value_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:147 msgid "Specifies a structured data element parameter, a name and value pair. The option has to be used after *--sd-id* and may be specified more than once for the same element. Note that the quotation marks around _value_ are required and must be escaped on the command line." msgstr "指定結構化資料元素的參數，即名稱與值的配對。此選項必須在 *--sd-id* 之後使用，且對同一元素可以指定一次以上。請注意，_value_ 外面的引號是必要的，且在命令列上必須加以跳脫。" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:155 #, no-wrap msgid "" " logger --rfc5424 --sd-id zoo@123 \\\n" " --sd-param tiger=\"hungry\" \\\n" " --sd-param zebra=\"running\" \\\n" " --sd-id manager@123 \\\n" " --sd-param onMeeting=\"yes\" \\\n" " \"this is message\"\n" msgstr "" " logger --rfc5424 --sd-id zoo@123 \\\n" " --sd-param tiger=\"hungry\" \\\n" " --sd-param zebra=\"running\" \\\n" " --sd-id manager@123 \\\n" " --sd-param onMeeting=\"yes\" \\\n" " \"this is message\"\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:157 msgid "produces:" msgstr "產生：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:159 msgid "*<13>1 2015-10-01T14:07:59.168662+02:00 ws kzak - - [timeQuality tzKnown=\"1\" isSynced=\"1\" syncAccuracy=\"218616\"][zoo@123 tiger=\"hungry\" zebra=\"running\"][manager@123 onMeeting=\"yes\"] this is message*" msgstr "*<13>1 2015-10-01T14:07:59.168662+02:00 ws kzak - - [timeQuality tzKnown=\"1\" isSynced=\"1\" syncAccuracy=\"218616\"][zoo@123 tiger=\"hungry\" zebra=\"running\"][manager@123 onMeeting=\"yes\"] this is message*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:162 msgid "Sets the maximum permitted message size to _size_. The default is 1KiB characters, which is the limit traditionally used and specified in RFC 3164. With RFC 5424, this limit has become flexible. A good assumption is that RFC 5424 receivers can at least process 4KiB messages." msgstr "將允許的最大訊息大小設定為 _size_。預設值為 1KiB 字元，這是 RFC 3164 中傳統使用與指定的限制。在 RFC 5424 中，此限制已變得有彈性。合理的假設是 RFC 5424 接收端至少能處理 4KiB 的訊息。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:164 msgid "Most receivers accept messages larger than 1KiB over any type of syslog protocol. As such, the *--size* option affects *logger* in all cases (not only when *--rfc5424* was used)." msgstr "大多數接收端都能透過任何類型的 syslog 協定接受大於 1KiB 的訊息。因此，*--size* 選項在各種情況下都會影響 *logger*（不只是在使用 *--rfc5424* 時）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:166 msgid "Note: the message-size limit limits the overall message size, including the syslog header. Header sizes vary depending on the selected options and the hostname length. As a rule of thumb, headers are usually not longer than 50 to 80 characters. When selecting a maximum message size, it is important to ensure that the receiver supports the max size as well, otherwise messages may become truncated. Again, as a rule of thumb two to four KiB message size should generally be OK, whereas anything larger should be verified to work." msgstr "注意：訊息大小限制限制的是整體訊息大小，包括 syslog 標頭。標頭大小會依所選選項與主機名稱長度而異。依照經驗法則，標頭通常不超過 50 到 80 個字元。選擇最大訊息大小時，務必確認接收端也支援該最大值，否則訊息可能會被截斷。同樣地，依照經驗法則，2 到 4 KiB 的訊息大小通常沒問題，而更大的大小應驗證是否可行。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:167 #, no-wrap msgid "*--socket-errors* __mode__" msgstr "*--socket-errors* __mode__" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:174 msgid "Print errors about Unix socket connections. The _mode_ can be *on*, *off*, or *auto*. When the mode is *auto* (the default), then *logger* will detect if the init process is *systemd*(1), and if so, the assumption is made that _/dev/log_ can be used early at boot. The lack of _/dev/log_ on other init systems will not cause errors, just as when using the *openlog*(3) system call. The *logger*(1) before version 2.26 used *openlog*(3), and thus was unable to detect the loss of messages sent to Unix sockets." msgstr "印出關於 Unix socket 連線的錯誤。_mode_ 可以是 *on*、*off* 或 *auto*。當模式為 *auto*（預設值）時，*logger* 會偵測 init 處理程序是否為 *systemd*(1)；如果是，則假設 _/dev/log_ 可以在開機早期使用。在其他 init 系統上缺少 _/dev/log_ 不會造成錯誤，就像使用 *openlog*(3) 系統呼叫時一樣。2.26 版之前的 *logger*(1) 使用 *openlog*(3)，因此無法偵測傳送給 Unix socket 的訊息遺失。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:177 msgid "When errors are not enabled, lost messages are not communicated and will result in a successful exit status of *logger*(1)." msgstr "未啟用錯誤時，遺失的訊息不會被通報，且會使 *logger*(1) 以成功的結束狀態結束。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:178 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--tcp*" msgstr "*-T*, *--tcp*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:180 msgid "Use stream (TCP) only. By default the connection is tried to the _syslog-conn_ port defined in _/etc/services_, which is often _601_." msgstr "只使用串流（TCP）。預設會嘗試連線到 _/etc/services_ 中所定義的 _syslog-conn_ 連接埠，通常是 _601_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:183 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--tag* _tag_" msgstr "*-t*, *--tag* _tag_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:185 msgid "Mark every line to be logged with the specified _tag_. The default tag is the name of the user logged in on the terminal (or a user name based on effective user ID)." msgstr "以指定的 _tag_ 標記每一行要記錄的內容。預設標籤是登入終端機之使用者的名稱（或依據有效使用者 ID 的使用者名稱）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:186 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--socket* _socket_" msgstr "*-u*, *--socket* _socket_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:188 msgid "Write to the specified _socket_ instead of to the system log socket." msgstr "改寫入指定的 _socket_，而不是寫入系統日誌 socket。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:189 #, no-wrap msgid "*--*" msgstr "*--*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:191 msgid "End the argument list. This allows the _message_ to start with a hyphen (-)." msgstr "結束引數清單。這允許 _message_ 以連字號（-）開頭。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:197 msgid "The *logger* utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs." msgstr "*logger* 工具在成功時結束並回傳 0，發生錯誤時則回傳 >0。" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:198 #, no-wrap msgid "FACILITIES AND LEVELS" msgstr "設施與等級" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:201 msgid "Valid facility names are:" msgstr "有效的設施名稱為：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:205 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*auth*\n" "*authpriv* for security information of a sensitive nature\n" "*cron* +" msgstr "" "*auth*\n" "*authpriv* 用於敏感性質的安全資訊\n" "*cron* +" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:209 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*daemon*\n" "*ftp*\n" "*kern* cannot be generated from userspace process, automatically converted to *user* +" msgstr "" "*daemon*\n" "*ftp*\n" "*kern* 無法由使用者空間處理程序產生，會自動轉換成 *user* +" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:220 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*lpr* +\n" "*mail* +\n" "*news* +\n" "*syslog* +\n" "*user* +\n" "*uucp* +\n" "*local0* +\n" " to +\n" "*local7* +\n" "*security* deprecated synonym for *auth*\n" msgstr "" "*lpr* +\n" "*mail* +\n" "*news* +\n" "*syslog* +\n" "*user* +\n" "*uucp* +\n" "*local0* +\n" " 至 +\n" "*local7* +\n" "*security* 已淘汰，為 *auth* 的同義字\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:222 msgid "Valid level names are:" msgstr "有效的等級名稱為：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:234 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*emerg*\n" "*alert*\n" "*crit*\n" "*err*\n" "*warning*\n" "*notice*\n" "*info*\n" "*debug*\n" "*panic* deprecated synonym for *emerg*\n" "*error* deprecated synonym for *err*\n" "*warn* deprecated synonym for *warning* +" msgstr "" "*emerg*\n" "*alert*\n" "*crit*\n" "*err*\n" "*warning*\n" "*notice*\n" "*info*\n" "*debug*\n" "*panic* 已淘汰，為 *emerg* 的同義字\n" "*error* 已淘汰，為 *err* 的同義字\n" "*warn* 已淘汰，為 *warning* 的同義字 +" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:236 msgid "For the priority order and intended purposes of these facilities and levels, see *syslog*(3)." msgstr "關於這些設施與等級的優先順序與預期用途，請參閱 *syslog*(3)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:240 msgid "The *logger* command is expected to be IEEE Std 1003.2 (\"POSIX.2\") compatible." msgstr "*logger* 命令預期與 IEEE Std 1003.2（「POSIX.2」）相容。" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:244 msgid "logger System rebooted" msgstr "logger System rebooted" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:246 msgid "logger -p local0.notice -t HOSTIDM -f /dev/idmc" msgstr "logger -p local0.notice -t HOSTIDM -f /dev/idmc" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:248 msgid "logger -n loghost.example.com System rebooted" msgstr "logger -n loghost.example.com System rebooted" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:253 msgid "The *logger* command was originally written by University of California in 1983-1993 and later rewritten by mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak], mailto:rgerhards@adiscon.com[Rainer Gerhards], and mailto:kerolasa@iki.fi[Sami Kerola]." msgstr "*logger* 命令最初由加州大學（University of California）於 1983-1993 年撰寫，後來由 mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]、mailto:rgerhards@adiscon.com[Rainer Gerhards] 與 mailto:kerolasa@iki.fi[Sami Kerola] 改寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:259 msgid "*journalctl*(1), *syslog*(3), *systemd.journal-fields*(7)" msgstr "*journalctl*(1), *syslog*(3), *systemd.journal-fields*(7)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "look(1)" msgstr "look(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:48 msgid "look - display lines beginning with a given string" msgstr "look - 顯示以指定字串開頭的行" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:52 msgid "*look* [options] _string_ [_file_]" msgstr "*look* [options] _string_ [_file_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:56 msgid "The *look* utility displays any lines in _file_ which contain _string_ as a prefix. As *look* performs a binary search, the lines in _file_ must be sorted (where *sort*(1) was given the same options *-d* and/or *-f* that *look* is invoked with)." msgstr "*look* 工具會顯示 _file_ 中所有以 _string_ 為前置詞的行。由於 *look* 執行二元搜尋，_file_ 中的行必須已經排序（*sort*(1) 需要以與 *look* 相同的選項 *-d* 與/或 *-f* 來排序）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:58 msgid "If _file_ is not specified, the file _/usr/share/dict/words_ is used, only alphanumeric characters are compared and the case of alphabetic characters is ignored." msgstr "如果未指定 _file_，會使用檔案 _/usr/share/dict/words_；此時只比較英數字元，且忽略英文字母的大小寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:63 msgid "Use the alternative dictionary file." msgstr "使用替代字典檔。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--alphanum*" msgstr "*-d*, *--alphanum*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:66 msgid "Use normal dictionary character set and order, i.e., only blanks and alphanumeric characters are compared. This is on by default if no file is specified." msgstr "使用一般的字典字元集與順序，即只比較空白與英數字元。未指定檔案時，此選項預設為啟用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:68 msgid "Note that blanks have been added to dictionary character set for compatibility with *sort -d* command since version 2.28." msgstr "請注意，自 2.28 版起，為了與 *sort -d* 命令相容，字典字元集中已加入空白字元。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--ignore-case*" msgstr "*-f*, *--ignore-case*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:71 msgid "Ignore the case of alphabetic characters. This is on by default if no file is specified." msgstr "忽略英文字母的大小寫。未指定檔案時，此選項預設為啟用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--terminate* _character_" msgstr "*-t*, *--terminate* _character_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:74 msgid "Specify a string termination character, i.e., only the characters in _string_ up to and including the first occurrence of _character_ are compared." msgstr "指定字串終止字元，即只比較 _string_ 中直到（含）第一次出現 _character_ 的字元。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:80 msgid "The *look* utility exits 0 if one or more lines were found and displayed, 1 if no lines were found, and >1 if an error occurred." msgstr "*look* 工具在找到並顯示一行或多行時結束並回傳 0；未找到任何行時回傳 1；發生錯誤時回傳 >1。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*WORDLIST*" msgstr "*WORDLIST*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:85 msgid "Path to a dictionary file. The environment variable has greater priority than the dictionary path defined in the *FILES* segment." msgstr "字典檔的路徑。此環境變數的優先順序高於 *FILES* 段落中定義的字典路徑。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "_/usr/share/dict/words_" msgstr "_/usr/share/dict/words_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:90 msgid "the dictionary" msgstr "字典" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "_/usr/share/dict/web2_" msgstr "_/usr/share/dict/web2_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:93 msgid "the alternative dictionary" msgstr "替代字典" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:97 msgid "The *look* utility appeared in Version 7 AT&T Unix." msgstr "*look* 工具出現於 Version 7 AT&T Unix 中。" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "" "sort -d /etc/passwd -o /tmp/look.dict\n" "look -t: root:foobar /tmp/look.dict\n" msgstr "" "sort -d /etc/passwd -o /tmp/look.dict\n" "look -t: root:foobar /tmp/look.dict\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:109 msgid "*grep*(1), *sort*(1)" msgstr "*grep*(1), *sort*(1)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "lsblk(8)" msgstr "lsblk(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:13 msgid "lsblk - list block devices" msgstr "lsblk - 列出區塊裝置" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:17 msgid "*lsblk* [options] [_device_...]" msgstr "*lsblk* [options] [_device_...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:21 msgid "*lsblk* lists information about all available or the specified block devices. The *lsblk* command reads the *sysfs* filesystem and *udev db* to gather information. If the udev db is not available or *lsblk* is compiled without udev support, then it tries to read LABELs, UUIDs and filesystem types from the block device. In this case root permissions are necessary." msgstr "*lsblk* 會列出所有可用或指定區塊裝置的資訊。*lsblk* 命令讀取 *sysfs* 檔案系統與 *udev db* 來收集資訊。如果無法取得 udev db，或 *lsblk* 在編譯時未包含 udev 支援，它會嘗試從區塊裝置讀取 LABEL、UUID 與檔案系統類型。在此情況下需要 root 權限。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:23 msgid "By default, the command prints all block devices (except RAM disks) in a tree-like format. The same device can be repeated in the tree if it relates to other devices. The *--merge* option is recommended for more complicated setups to gather groups of devices and describe complex N:M relationships." msgstr "預設情況下，此命令會以樹狀格式印出所有區塊裝置（RAM 磁碟除外）。如果同一裝置與其他裝置相關，它可以在樹中重複出現。對於較複雜的設定，建議使用 *--merge* 選項來收集裝置群組並描述複雜的 N:M 關係。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:25 msgid "The tree-like output (or *children[]* array in the JSON output) is enabled only if NAME column it present in the output or when *--tree* command line option is used. See also *--nodeps* and *--list* to control the tree formatting." msgstr "樹狀輸出（或 JSON 輸出中的 *children[]* 陣列）只在輸出中包含 NAME 欄位，或使用 *--tree* 命令列選項時才啟用。控制樹狀格式時，另請參見 *--nodeps* 與 *--list*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:27 msgid "The default output, as well as the default output from options like *--fs* and *--topology*, is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default outputs in your scripts. Always explicitly define expected columns by using *--output* _columns-list_ and *--list* in environments where a stable output is required." msgstr "預設輸出，以及 *--fs* 與 *--topology* 等選項的預設輸出，都可能會變更。因此只要可能，你應該避免在腳本中使用預設輸出。在需要穩定輸出的環境中，務必使用 *--output* _columns-list_ 與 *--list* 明確定義預期的欄位。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:29 msgid "Use *lsblk --list-columns* to get a list of all available columns." msgstr "使用 *lsblk --list-columns* 取得所有可用欄位的清單。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:31 msgid "Note that *lsblk* might be executed in time when *udev* does not have all information about recently added or modified devices yet. In this case it is recommended to use *udevadm settle* before *lsblk* to synchronize with udev." msgstr "請注意，*lsblk* 可能在 *udev* 尚不具備最近新增或修改之裝置的所有資訊時執行。在此情況下，建議在 *lsblk* 之前使用 *udevadm settle* 與 udev 同步。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:33 msgid "The relationship between block devices and filesystems is not always one-to-one. The filesystem may use more block devices, or the same filesystem may be accessible by more paths. This is the reason why *lsblk* provides MOUNTPOINT and MOUNTPOINTS (pl.) columns. The column MOUNTPOINT displays only one mount point (usually the last mounted instance of the filesystem), and the column MOUNTPOINTS displays by multi-line cell all mount points associated with the device." msgstr "區塊裝置與檔案系統之間的關係不總是一對一。檔案系統可能使用多個區塊裝置，或同一檔案系統可以透過多個路徑存取。這就是 *lsblk* 提供 MOUNTPOINT 與 MOUNTPOINTS（複數）欄位的原因。MOUNTPOINT 欄位只顯示一個掛載點（通常是檔案系統最後掛載的實例），而 MOUNTPOINTS 欄位會以多行儲存格顯示與裝置相關的所有掛載點。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-A*, *--noempty*" msgstr "*-A*, *--noempty*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:38 msgid "Don't print empty devices." msgstr "不要印出空的裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:41 msgid "Disable all built-in filters and list all empty devices and RAM disk devices too." msgstr "停用所有內建篩選器，並同時列出所有空裝置與 RAM 磁碟裝置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-D*, *--discard*" msgstr "*-D*, *--discard*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:51 msgid "Print information about the discarding capabilities (TRIM, UNMAP) for each device." msgstr "印出每個裝置的廢棄（discard）能力（TRIM、UNMAP）相關資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--nodeps*" msgstr "*-d*, *--nodeps*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:54 msgid "Do not print holder devices or slaves. For example, *lsblk --nodeps /dev/sda* prints information about the sda device only." msgstr "不要印出持有者（holder）裝置或從屬（slave）裝置。例如，*lsblk --nodeps /dev/sda* 只印出 sda 裝置的資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-E*, *--dedup* _column_" msgstr "*-E*, *--dedup* _column_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:57 msgid "Use _column_ as a de-duplication key to de-duplicate output tree. If the key is not available for the device, or the device is a partition and parental whole-disk device provides the same key than the device is always printed." msgstr "以 _column_ 作為去重複（de-duplication）鍵，對輸出樹進行去重複處理。如果裝置不具備該鍵，或裝置是分割區且其父層整顆磁碟裝置提供相同的鍵，則該裝置一律會被印出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:59 msgid "The usual use case is to de-duplicate output on system multi-path devices, for example by *-E WWN*." msgstr "常見的使用情境是對系統的多路徑（multi-path）裝置輸出進行去重複處理，例如使用 *-E WWN*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--exclude* _list_" msgstr "*-e*, *--exclude* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:62 msgid "Exclude the devices specified by the comma-separated _list_ of major device numbers. Note that RAM disks (major=1) are excluded by default if *--all* is not specified. The filter is applied to the top-level devices only. This may be confusing for *--list* output format where hierarchy of the devices is not obvious." msgstr "排除以逗號分隔之主裝置編號 _list_ 所指定的裝置。請注意，如果未指定 *--all*，RAM 磁碟（major=1）預設會被排除。此篩選器只套用到頂層裝置。這對 *--list* 輸出格式可能造成混淆，因為在該格式中裝置的階層關係並不明顯。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--fs*" msgstr "*-f*, *--fs*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:65 msgid "Output info about filesystems. This option is equivalent to *-o NAME,FSTYPE,FSVER,LABEL,UUID,FSAVAIL,FSUSE%,MOUNTPOINTS*. The authoritative information about filesystems and raids is provided by the *blkid*(8) command." msgstr "輸出檔案系統的相關資訊。此選項相當於 *-o NAME,FSTYPE,FSVER,LABEL,UUID,FSAVAIL,FSUSE%,MOUNTPOINTS*。關於檔案系統與 RAID 的權威資訊由 *blkid*(8) 命令提供。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-I*, *--include* _list_" msgstr "*-I*, *--include* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:70 msgid "Include devices specified by the comma-separated _list_ of major device numbers. The filter is applied to the top-level devices only. This may be confusing for *--list* output format where hierarchy of the devices is not obvious." msgstr "包含以逗號分隔之主裝置編號 _list_ 所指定的裝置。此篩選器只套用到頂層裝置。這對 *--list* 輸出格式可能造成混淆，因為在該格式中裝置的階層關係並不明顯。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--ascii*" msgstr "讓樹狀輸出使用 ASCII 字元。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:73 msgid "Use ASCII characters for tree formatting." msgstr "讓樹狀輸出使用 ASCII 字元。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:76 msgid "Use JSON output format. It's strongly recommended to use *--output* and also *--tree* if necessary. Note that *children[]* is used only if NAME column or *--tree* is used." msgstr "使用 JSON 輸出格式，強烈建議搭配 *--output*，必要時也搭配 *--tree*。請注意，*children[]* 只有在使用 NAME 欄位或 *--tree* 時才會用到。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:79 msgid "Produce output in the form of a list. The output does not provide information about relationships between devices and since version 2.34 every device is printed only once if *--pairs* or *--raw* not specified (the parsable outputs are maintained in backwardly compatible way)." msgstr "以清單形式產生輸出。此輸出不提供裝置之間的關係資訊；自 2.34 版起，若未指定 *--pairs* 或 *--raw*，每個裝置只會列印一次（可剖析輸出保持向後相容的方式維護）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M*, *--merge*" msgstr "*-M*, *--merge*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:82 msgid "Group parents of sub-trees to provide more readable output for RAIDs and Multi-path devices. The tree-like output is required." msgstr "將子樹的父節點分組，以便為 RAID 與多路徑（Multi-path）裝置提供更易讀的輸出。需要樹狀輸出格式。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--perms*" msgstr "*-m*, *--perms*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:85 msgid "Output info about device owner, group and mode. This option is equivalent to *-o NAME,SIZE,OWNER,GROUP,MODE*." msgstr "輸出裝置的擁有者、群組與權限模式等資訊。此選項等同於 *-o NAME,SIZE,OWNER,GROUP,MODE*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N*, *--nvme*" msgstr "*-N*, *--nvme*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:88 msgid "Output info about NVMe devices only." msgstr "只輸出 NVMe 裝置的資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--virtio*" msgstr "*-v*, *--virtio*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:91 msgid "Output info about virtio devices only." msgstr "只輸出 virtio 裝置的資訊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:97 msgid "Specify which output columns to print. Use *--list-columns* to get a list of all supported columns. The columns may affect tree-like output. The default is to use tree for the column 'NAME' (see also *--tree*)." msgstr "指定要列印哪些輸出欄位。使用 *--list-columns* 可取得所有支援欄位的清單。欄位可能會影響樹狀輸出；預設會對 NAME 欄位使用樹狀顯示（另見 *--tree*）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:99 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _+list_ (e.g., *lsblk -o +UUID*)." msgstr "若以 _+list_ 的格式指定 _list_，可以擴充預設的欄位清單（例如 *lsblk -o +UUID*）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:100 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--output-all*" msgstr "*-O*, *--output-all*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:105 msgid "Produce output in the form of key=\"value\" pairs. The output lines are still ordered by dependencies. All potentially unsafe value characters are hex-escaped (\\x). See also option *--shell*." msgstr "以 key=\"value\" 配對的形式產生輸出。輸出行仍依相依關係排序；所有可能不安全的數值字元都會以十六進位跳脫（\\x）。另見 *--shell* 選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--paths*" msgstr "*-p*, *--paths*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:108 msgid "Print full device paths." msgstr "列印完整的裝置路徑。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:115 msgid "Print only the devices that meet the conditions specified by _expression_. The filter is assessed prior to *lsblk* collecting data for all output columns. Only the necessary data for the lazy evaluation of the expression is retrieved from the system. This approach can enhance performance when compared to post-filtering, as commonly done by tools such as *grep*(1)." msgstr "只列印符合 _expression_ 所指定條件的裝置。此篩選器會在 *lsblk* 收集所有輸出欄位資料之前先行評估，而且只會從系統取得延遲評估運算式所需的最小資料量。相較於事後篩選（例如常見的 *grep*(1) 做法），這種方式可以提升效能。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:117 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:128 msgid "This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also *scols-filter*(5)." msgstr "此功能為實驗性功能。另見 *scols-filter*(5)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:120 msgid "For example, to exclude sda and sdb, but print everything else ('!~' is a negative regular-expression matching operator):" msgstr "例如，要排除 sda 與 sdb，但列印其餘所有裝置（'!~' 是不相符的規則運算式比對運算子）：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid " lsblk --filter 'NAME !~ \"sd[ab]\"'\n" msgstr " lsblk --filter 'NAME !~ \"sd[ab]\"'\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:124 #, no-wrap msgid "*--highlight* _expression_" msgstr "*--highlight* _expression_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:126 msgid "Colorize lines matching _expression_." msgstr "將符合 _expression_ 的列標上顏色。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:129 #, no-wrap msgid "*--ct* _name_[**:**_parameter_[**:**_function_]]" msgstr "*--ct* _name_[**:**_parameter_[**:**_function_]]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:136 msgid "Define a custom counter. Custom counters are printed after the standard output. The _name_ is the custom name of the counter, the optional _parameter_ is the name of the column to be used for the counter, and the optional _function_ specifies the aggregation function. Supported functions are: *count*, *min*, *max*, *sum*. The default function is *count*. If _parameter_ is not specified, then the counter counts the number of lines." msgstr "定義自訂計數器。自訂計數器會接在標準輸出之後列印。_name_ 是計數器的自訂名稱，選擇性的 _parameter_ 是計數器要使用的欄位名稱，選擇性的 _function_ 指定聚合函式。支援的函式有：*count*、*min*、*max*、*sum*。預設函式為 *count*。若未指定 _parameter_，則計數器會計算列數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:138 msgid "This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also *--ct-filter*." msgstr "此功能為實驗性功能。另見 *--ct-filter*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:141 msgid "For example, *--ct MyCounter:SIZE:sum* reports the total of the SIZE values. To report the number of SATA disks, one can use:" msgstr "例如，*--ct MyCounter:SIZE:sum* 會回報 SIZE 數值的總和。若要回報 SATA 磁碟的數量，可以使用：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:145 #, no-wrap msgid "" " lsblk --ct-filter 'TYPE==\"disk\" && TRAN==\"sata\"' \\\n" " --ct \"Number of SATA devices\"\n" msgstr "" " lsblk --ct-filter 'TYPE==\"disk\" && TRAN==\"sata\"' \\\n" " --ct \"Number of SATA devices\"\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:148 #, no-wrap msgid "*--ct-filter* _expression_" msgstr "*--ct-filter* _expression_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:150 msgid "Define a restriction for the next counter." msgstr "為下一個計數器定義限制條件。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:152 msgid "This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also *--ct* and *scols-filter*(5)." msgstr "此功能為實驗性功能。另見 *--ct* 與 *scols-filter*(5)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:154 msgid "For example, to aggregate sizes by device type:" msgstr "例如，依裝置類型彙總大小：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:157 #, no-wrap msgid "" " lsblk --ct-filter 'TYPE==\"part\"' --ct Partitions:SIZE:sum \\\n" " --ct-filter 'TYPE==\"disk\"' --ct WholeDisks:SIZE:sum\n" msgstr "" " lsblk --ct-filter 'TYPE==\"part\"' --ct Partitions:SIZE:sum \\\n" " --ct-filter 'TYPE==\"disk\"' --ct WholeDisks:SIZE:sum\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:161 msgid "Produce output in raw format. The output lines are still ordered by dependencies. All potentially unsafe characters are hex-escaped (\\x) in the NAME, KNAME, LABEL, PARTLABEL and MOUNTPOINT columns." msgstr "以原始格式產生輸出。輸出行仍依相依關係排序；在 NAME、KNAME、LABEL、PARTLABEL 與 MOUNTPOINT 欄位中，所有可能不安全的字元都會以十六進位跳脫（\\x）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:162 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--scsi*" msgstr "*-S*, *--scsi*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:164 msgid "Output info about SCSI devices only. All partitions, slaves and holder devices are ignored." msgstr "只輸出 SCSI 裝置的資訊；忽略所有分割區、slave 與 holder 裝置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:165 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--inverse*" msgstr "*-s*, *--inverse*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:167 msgid "Print dependencies in inverse order. If the *--list* output is requested then the lines are still ordered by dependencies." msgstr "以反序列印相依關係。若要求 *--list* 輸出，則列仍依相依關係排序。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:168 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--tree*[**=**__column__]" msgstr "*-T*, *--tree*[**=**__column__]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:170 msgid "Force tree-like output format. If _column_ is specified, then a tree is printed in the column. The default is NAME column." msgstr "強制使用樹狀輸出格式。若指定 _column_，則在該欄位中列印樹狀結構；預設為 NAME 欄位。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:171 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--topology*" msgstr "*-t*, *--topology*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:173 msgid "Output info about block-device topology. This option is equivalent to" msgstr "輸出區塊裝置的拓撲（topology）資訊。此選項等同於" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:175 msgid "NAME,ALIGNMENT,MIN-IO,OPT-IO,PHY-SEC,LOG-SEC,ROTA,SCHED,RQ-SIZE,RA,WSAME*." msgstr "NAME,ALIGNMENT,MIN-IO,OPT-IO,PHY-SEC,LOG-SEC,ROTA,SCHED,RQ-SIZE,RA,WSAME*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:176 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--width* _number_" msgstr "*-w*, *--width* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:178 msgid "Specifies output width as a number of characters. The default is the number of the terminal columns, and if not executed on a terminal, then output width is not restricted at all by default. This option also forces *lsblk* to assume that terminal control characters and unsafe characters are not allowed. The expected use-case is for example when *lsblk* is used by the *watch*(1) command." msgstr "指定輸出的寬度（以字元數計）。預設為終端機欄數；若非在終端機上執行，則預設完全不限制輸出寬度。此選項也會讓 *lsblk* 假設不允許終端機控制字元與不安全的字元。預期的使用情境例如搭配 *watch*(1) 命令使用 *lsblk* 時。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:179 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--sort* _column_" msgstr "*-x*, *--sort* _column_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:181 msgid "Sort output lines by _column_. This option enables *--list* output format by default. It is possible to use the option *--tree* to force tree-like output and than the tree branches are sorted by the _column_." msgstr "依 _column_ 排序輸出行。此選項預設啟用 *--list* 輸出格式；也可以使用 *--tree* 選項強制樹狀輸出，此時樹的分支會依 _column_ 排序。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:184 msgid "The column name will be modified to contain only characters allowed for shell variable identifiers, for example, MIN_IO and FSUSE_PCT instead of MIN-IO and FSUSE%. This is usable, for example, with *--pairs*. Note that this feature has been automatically enabled for *--pairs* in version 2.37, but due to compatibility issues, now it's necessary to request this behavior by *--shell*." msgstr "欄位名稱會被修改成只包含 shell 變數識別碼允許的字元，例如以 MIN_IO 與 FSUSE_PCT 取代 MIN-IO 與 FSUSE%。這可搭配 *--pairs* 使用。請注意，此功能在 2.37 版曾自動對 *--pairs* 啟用，但基於相容性問題，現在必須透過 *--shell* 才會要求此行為。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:185 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--zoned*" msgstr "*-z*, *--zoned*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:187 msgid "Print the zone related information for each device." msgstr "列印每個裝置與 zone 相關的資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:188 #, no-wrap msgid "*--sysroot* _directory_" msgstr "*--sysroot* _directory_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:190 msgid "Gather data for a Linux instance other than the instance from which the *lsblk* command is issued. The specified directory is the system root of the Linux instance to be inspected. The real device nodes in the target directory can be replaced by text files with udev attributes." msgstr "收集資料的目標是另一套 Linux 系統，而非發出 *lsblk* 命令的系統。指定的目錄即是要檢查之 Linux 系統的根目錄。目標目錄中的真實裝置節點，可以用包含 udev 屬性的純文字檔取代。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:191 #, no-wrap msgid "*--properties-by* _list_" msgstr "*--properties-by* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:195 msgid "This option specifies the methods used by *lsblk* to gather information about filesystems and partition tables. The list is a comma-separated list of method names. The default setting is \"file,udev,blkid\". The supported methods are:" msgstr "此選項指定 *lsblk* 收集檔案系統與分割表資訊時使用的方法。_list_ 是以逗號分隔的方法名稱清單，預設為 \"file,udev,blkid\"。支援的方法有：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:198 msgid "Reads data from udev DB. If unsuccessful, it continues to the next probing method." msgstr "從 udev 資料庫讀取資料。若失敗，則繼續使用下一個探測方法。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:200 msgid "Reads data directly from the device using libblkid. If unsuccessful, it continues to the next probing method." msgstr "使用 libblkid 直接從裝置讀取資料。若失敗，則繼續使用下一個探測方法。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:200 #, no-wrap msgid "*file*" msgstr "*file*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:202 msgid "Reads data from a file. This method is only used if the --sysroot option is specified. This method always stops probing if used." msgstr "從檔案讀取資料。此方法只有在指定 --sysroot 選項時才會使用；一旦使用此方法，就會停止後續的探測。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:202 #, no-wrap msgid "*none*" msgstr "*none*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:204 msgid "Does not probe. This method always stops probing." msgstr "不進行探測。一旦使用此方法，就會停止後續的探測。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:215 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "32" msgstr "32" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:217 msgid "none of specified devices found" msgstr "找不到任何指定的裝置" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:218 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "64" msgstr "64" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:220 msgid "some specified devices found, some not found" msgstr "找到部分指定的裝置，其餘找不到" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:223 #, no-wrap msgid "*LSBLK_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*LSBLK_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:225 msgid "enables *lsblk* debug output." msgstr "啟用 *lsblk* 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:228 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:179 msgid "enables *libblkid* debug output." msgstr "啟用 *libblkid* 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:231 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:176 msgid "enables *libmount* debug output." msgstr "啟用 *libmount* 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:234 #, no-wrap msgid "*LSBLK_COLUMNS*=" msgstr "*LSBLK_COLUMNS*=" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:236 msgid "specifies a comma-separated list of output columns to print. All columns listed by *--list-columns* can be used." msgstr "指定要列印的輸出欄位，以逗號分隔的清單表示；*--list-columns* 列出的所有欄位都可以使用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:240 msgid "For partitions, some information (e.g., queue attributes) is inherited from the parent device." msgstr "對於分割區，部分資訊（例如 queue 屬性）會繼承自父裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:242 msgid "The *lsblk* command needs to be able to look up each block device by major:minor numbers, which is done by using _/sys/dev/block_. This sysfs block directory appeared in kernel 2.6.27 (October 2008). In case of problems with a new enough kernel, check that *CONFIG_SYSFS* was enabled at the time of the kernel build." msgstr "*lsblk* 命令需要能透過 major:minor 號碼查詢每個區塊裝置，這會使用 _/sys/dev/block_ 來完成。此 sysfs block 目錄自核心（kernel）2.6.27（2008 年 10 月）開始出現。若使用夠新的核心仍有問題，請檢查建置核心時是否已啟用 *CONFIG_SYSFS*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:247 msgid "mailto:gmazyland@gmail.com[Milan Broz], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:gmazyland@gmail.com[Milan Broz]、mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:254 msgid "*blkid*(8), *findmnt*(8) *ls*(1), *scols-filter*(5)" msgstr "*blkid*(8)、*findmnt*(8) *ls*(1)、*scols-filter*(5)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "lsclocks(1)" msgstr "lsclocks(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:13 msgid "lsclocks - display system clocks" msgstr "lsclocks - 顯示系統時鐘" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:17 msgid "*lsclocks* [option]" msgstr "*lsclocks* [option]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:21 msgid "*lsclocks* is a simple command to display system clocks." msgstr "*lsclocks* 是一個用來顯示系統時鐘的簡單命令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:24 msgid "It allows to display information like current time and resolution of clocks. Different kinds of clocks are supported." msgstr "它可以顯示目前時間與時鐘解析度等資訊，並支援多種不同種類的時鐘。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:26 msgid "POSIX clocks: *CLOCK_MONOTONIC*, *CLOCK_REALTIME*, *CLOCK_BOOTTIME*, etc." msgstr "POSIX 時鐘：*CLOCK_MONOTONIC*、*CLOCK_REALTIME*、*CLOCK_BOOTTIME* 等。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:27 msgid "CPU clocks: *clock_getcpuclockid*(3)." msgstr "CPU 時鐘：*clock_getcpuclockid*(3)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:28 msgid "PTP clocks: */dev/ptp0*." msgstr "PTP 時鐘：*/dev/ptp0*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:29 msgid "RTC clocks: */dev/rtc0*." msgstr "RTC 時鐘：*/dev/rtc0*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:30 msgid "Auxiliary clocks: *CLOCK_AUX0*, *CLOCK_AUX1*, etc." msgstr "輔助時鐘：*CLOCK_AUX0*、*CLOCK_AUX1* 等。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:45 msgid "Output all columns." msgstr "輸出所有欄位。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--time* _clock_" msgstr "*-t*, *--time* _clock_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:51 msgid "Show current time of one specific clock." msgstr "顯示某個特定時鐘的目前時間。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*--no-discover-dynamic*" msgstr "*--no-discover-dynamic*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:54 msgid "Do not try to discover dynamic clocks." msgstr "不嘗試探索動態時鐘。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dynamic-clock* _path_" msgstr "*-d*, *--dynamic-clock* _path_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:58 msgid "Also display specified dynamic clock. Can be specified multiple times." msgstr "同時顯示指定的動態時鐘。可以重複指定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*--no-discover-rtc*" msgstr "*--no-discover-rtc*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:61 msgid "Do not try to discover RTCs." msgstr "不嘗試探索 RTC。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--rtc* _path_" msgstr "*-x*, *--rtc* _path_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:65 msgid "Also display specified RTC. Can be specified multiple times." msgstr "同時顯示指定的 RTC。可以重複指定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--cpu-clock* _pid_" msgstr "*-c*, *--cpu-clock* _pid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:69 msgid "Also display CPU clock of specified process. Can be specified multiple times." msgstr "同時顯示指定處理程序的 CPU 時鐘。可以重複指定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "LSCLOCKS_COLUMNS=" msgstr "LSCLOCKS_COLUMNS=" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:76 msgid "Specifies a comma-separated list of output columns to print. All columns listed in *OUTPUT COLUMNS* can be used." msgstr "指定要列印的輸出欄位，以逗號分隔的清單表示；*OUTPUT COLUMNS* 列出的所有欄位都可以使用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:85 msgid "Clock type." msgstr "時鐘類型。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "ID <``number``>" msgstr "ID <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:88 msgid "Numeric clock ID." msgstr "時鐘的數值型 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "CLOCK <``string``>" msgstr "CLOCK <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:91 msgid "Name in the form *CLOCK_*" msgstr "以 *CLOCK_* 開頭的名稱" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:94 msgid "Shorter, easier to read name." msgstr "較短、較易閱讀的名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "TIME <``number``>" msgstr "TIME <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:97 msgid "Current clock timestamp as returned by *clock_gettime*(2)." msgstr "*clock_gettime*(2) 傳回的目前時鐘時間戳記。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:98 #, no-wrap msgid "ISO_TIME <``string``>" msgstr "ISO_TIME <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:100 msgid "ISO8601 formatted version of *TIME*." msgstr "*TIME* 的 ISO8601 格式版本。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "RESOL_RAW <``number``>" msgstr "RESOL_RAW <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:103 msgid "Clock resolution as returned by *clock_getres*(2)." msgstr "*clock_getres*(2) 傳回的時鐘解析度。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "RESOL <``number``>" msgstr "RESOL <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:106 msgid "Human readable version of *RESOL_RAW*." msgstr "*RESOL_RAW* 的易讀版本。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "REL_TIME <``string``>" msgstr "REL_TIME <``string``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:109 msgid "*TIME* time formatted as time range." msgstr "以時間範圍格式呈現的 *TIME*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "NS_OFFSET <``number``>" msgstr "NS_OFFSET <``number``>" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:112 msgid "Offset of the current namespace to the parent namespace as read from */proc/self/timens_offsets*." msgstr "從 */proc/self/timens_offsets* 讀取到的目前 namespace 相對於父 namespace 的偏移量。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:121 msgid "*clock_getres*(2) *clock_gettime*(2)" msgstr "*clock_getres*(2) *clock_gettime*(2)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:14 #, no-wrap msgid "lslocks(8)" msgstr "lslocks(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:26 msgid "lslocks - list local system locks" msgstr "lslocks - 列出本機系統的鎖定" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:30 msgid "*lslocks* [options]" msgstr "*lslocks* [options]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:34 msgid "*lslocks* lists information about all the currently held file locks in a Linux system." msgstr "*lslocks* 列出 Linux 系統中所有目前持有的檔案鎖定資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--noinaccessible*" msgstr "*-i*, *--noinaccessible*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:46 msgid "Ignore lock files which are inaccessible for the current user." msgstr "忽略目前使用者無法存取的鎖定檔案。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:57 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _{plus}list_ (e.g., *lslocks -o {plus}BLOCKER*)." msgstr "若以 _{plus}list_ 的格式指定 _list_，可以擴充預設的欄位清單（例如 *lslocks -o {plus}BLOCKER*）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:62 ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pid* _pid_" msgstr "*-p*, *--pid* _pid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:64 msgid "Display only the locks held by the process with this _pid_." msgstr "只顯示由指定 _pid_ 的處理程序所持有的鎖定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:67 msgid "Print only the locks that meet the conditions specified by the expr." msgstr "只列印符合 expr 所指定條件的鎖定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:71 msgid "This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also *scols-filter*(5). For example exclude POSIX type locks, but print all READ mode ones locks on files with _.qcow2_ as extension:" msgstr "此功能為實驗性功能。另見 *scols-filter*(5)。例如，排除 POSIX 類型的鎖定，但列印所有 READ 模式、且副檔名為 _.qcow2_ 的檔案鎖定：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid " lslocks --filter 'TYPE != \"POSIX\" and MODE == \"READ\" and PATH =~ \".*\\.qcow2\"'\n" msgstr " lslocks --filter 'TYPE != \"POSIX\" and MODE == \"READ\" and PATH =~ \".*\\.qcow2\"'\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:77 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:64 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:77 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:57 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:42 ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:56 msgid "Use the raw output format." msgstr "使用原始輸出格式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:80 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:83 msgid "Do not truncate text in columns." msgstr "不要截斷欄位中的文字。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "COMMAND" msgstr "COMMAND" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:91 msgid "The command name of the process holding the lock." msgstr "持有鎖定的處理程序之命令名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "PID" msgstr "PID" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:94 msgid "The process ID of the process." msgstr "處理程序的識別碼（PID）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "TYPE" msgstr "TYPE" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:97 msgid "The type of lock; can be LEASE (created with *fcntl*(2)), FLOCK (created with *flock*(2)), POSIX (created with *fcntl*(2) and *lockf*(3)) or OFDLCK (created with *fcntl*(2))." msgstr "鎖定的類型；可以是 LEASE（以 *fcntl*(2) 建立）、FLOCK（以 *flock*(2) 建立）、POSIX（以 *fcntl*(2) 與 *lockf*(3) 建立）或 OFDLCK（以 *fcntl*(2) 建立）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:98 #, no-wrap msgid "SIZE" msgstr "SIZE" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:100 msgid "Size of the locked file." msgstr "被鎖定檔案的大小。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "INODE" msgstr "INODE" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:103 msgid "The inode number." msgstr "inode 號碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "MAJ:MIN" msgstr "MAJ:MIN" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:106 msgid "The major:minor device number." msgstr "裝置的 major:minor 號碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "MODE" msgstr "MODE" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:109 msgid "The lock's access permissions (read, write). If the process is blocked and waiting for the lock, then the mode is postfixed with an '*' (asterisk)." msgstr "鎖定的存取權限（讀取、寫入）。若處理程序被阻擋並等待鎖定，則模式會加上 '*'（星號）後綴。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "M" msgstr "M" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:112 msgid "Whether the lock is mandatory; 0 means no (meaning the lock is only advisory), 1 means yes. (See *fcntl*(2).)" msgstr "鎖定是否為強制性；0 表示否（即鎖定僅為建議性），1 表示是。（參見 *fcntl*(2)）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "START" msgstr "START" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:115 msgid "Relative byte offset of the lock." msgstr "鎖定的相對位元組偏移量。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "END" msgstr "END" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:118 msgid "Ending offset of the lock." msgstr "鎖定的結束偏移量。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:119 #, no-wrap msgid "PATH" msgstr "PATH" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:121 msgid "Full path of the lock. If none is found, or there are no permissions to read the path, it will fall back to the device's mountpoint and \"...\" is appended to the path. The path might be truncated; use *--notruncate* to get the full path." msgstr "鎖定的完整路徑。若找不到路徑，或沒有讀取該路徑的權限，則會改以裝置的掛載點為準，並在路徑後加上 \"...\"。路徑可能會被截斷；請使用 *--notruncate* 取得完整路徑。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid "BLOCKER" msgstr "BLOCKER" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:124 msgid "The PID of the process which blocks the lock." msgstr "阻擋此鎖定的處理程序之 PID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:125 #, no-wrap msgid "HOLDERS" msgstr "HOLDERS" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:129 msgid "The holder(s) of the lock. The format of the holder is _PID_,_COMMAND_,_FD_. If a lock is an open file description-oriented lock, there can be more than one holder for the lock. See the NOTES below." msgstr "鎖定的持有者。持有者的格式為 _PID_,_COMMAND_,_FD_。若鎖定是以開啟檔案描述（open file description）為導向的鎖定，則一個鎖定可能有多個持有者。詳見下方的 NOTES。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:132 #, no-wrap msgid "LSLOCKS_COLUMNS=" msgstr "LSLOCKS_COLUMNS=" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:134 msgid "Specifies a comma-separated list of output columns to print. All columns listed by *--list-columns* can be used." msgstr "指定要列印的輸出欄位，以逗號分隔的清單表示；*--list-columns* 列出的所有欄位都可以使用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:138 msgid "The *lslocks* command is meant to replace the *lslk*(8) command, originally written by mailto:abe@purdue.edu[Victor A. Abell] and unmaintained since 2001." msgstr "*lslocks* 命令旨在取代 *lslk*(8) 命令；*lslk* 最初由 mailto:abe@purdue.edu[Victor A. Abell] 撰寫，自 2001 年起便不再維護。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:145 msgid "\"The process holding the lock\" for leases, FLOCK locks, and OFD locks is a fake-concept. They are associated with the open file description on which they are acquired. With *fork*(2) and/or *cmsg*(3), multiple processes can share an open file description. So the holder process of a lease (or a lock) is not uniquely determined. *lslocks* shows the one of the holder processes in COMMAND and PID columns." msgstr "對 lease、FLOCK 鎖定與 OFD 鎖定而言，「持有鎖定的處理程序」其實是虛構的概念。這些鎖定與取得它們時所使用的開啟檔案描述（open file description）相關聯。透過 *fork*(2) 和／或 *cmsg*(3)，多個處理程序可以共用同一個開啟檔案描述，因此 lease（或鎖定）的持有處理程序並非唯一可判定。*lslocks* 會在 COMMAND 與 PID 欄位中顯示其中一個持有處理程序。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:147 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:143 msgid "The default output is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default output in your scripts." msgstr "預設輸出內容可能變動。因此，只要有可能，您的指令碼就應避免使用預設輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:151 msgid "For OFD locks, the PID column may show -1. Such lines cannot be selected by the filter, because the current filter engine does not support negative numbers." msgstr "對於 OFD 鎖定，PID 欄位可能顯示 -1。這樣的列無法被篩選器選取，因為目前的篩選引擎不支援負數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:156 msgid "mailto:dave@gnu.org[Davidlohr Bueso] mailto:cgoesc2@wgu.edu[Christian Goeschel Ndjomouo]" msgstr "mailto:dave@gnu.org[Davidlohr Bueso] mailto:cgoesc2@wgu.edu[Christian Goeschel Ndjomouo]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:163 msgid "*flock*(1), *fcntl*(2), *lockf*(3), *scols-filter*(5)" msgstr "*flock*(1)、*fcntl*(2)、*lockf*(3)、*scols-filter*(5)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "mcookie(1)" msgstr "mcookie(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:16 msgid "mcookie - generate magic cookies for xauth" msgstr "mcookie - 為 xauth 產生 magic cookie" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:20 msgid "*mcookie* [options]" msgstr "*mcookie* [options]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:24 msgid "*mcookie* generates a 128-bit random hexadecimal number for use with the X authority system. Typical usage:" msgstr "*mcookie* 產生一個供 X authority 系統使用的 128 位元隨機十六進位數字。典型用法：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:27 msgid "*xauth add :0 . `mcookie`*" msgstr "*xauth add :0 . `mcookie`*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:30 msgid "The \"random\" number generated is actually the MD5 message digest of random information coming from one of the sources *getrandom*(2) system call, _/dev/urandom_, _/dev/random_, or the _libc pseudo-random functions_, in this preference order. See also the option *--file*." msgstr "所產生的「隨機」數字，其實是來自下列其中一個來源之隨機資訊的 MD5 訊息摘要，依偏好順序為 *getrandom*(2) 系統呼叫、_/dev/urandom_、_/dev/random_ 或 _libc pseudo-random functions_。另見 *--file* 選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:35 msgid "Use this _file_ as an additional source of randomness (for example _/dev/urandom_). When _file_ is '-', characters are read from standard input." msgstr "使用此 _file_ 作為額外的隨機性來源（例如 _/dev/urandom_）。當 _file_ 為 '-' 時，會從標準輸入讀取字元。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--max-size* _number_" msgstr "*-m*, *--max-size* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:38 msgid "Read from _file_ only this _number_ of bytes. This option is meant to be used when reading additional randomness from a file or device." msgstr "只從 _file_ 讀取 _number_ 個位元組。此選項適用於從檔案或裝置讀取額外隨機性的情況。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:40 msgid "The _number_ argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB=1024, MiB=1024*1024, and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\") or the suffixes KB=1000, MB=1000*1000, and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB." msgstr "_number_ 參數後可加上倍率後綴 KiB=1024、MiB=1024*1024，依此類推到 GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB（\"iB\" 可省略，例如 \"K\" 與 \"KiB\" 意義相同）；或加上後綴 KB=1000、MB=1000*1000，依此類推到 GB、TB、PB、EB、ZB 與 YB。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:43 msgid "Inform where randomness originated, with amount of entropy read from each source." msgstr "告知隨機性的來源，以及從每個來源讀取的熵（entropy）數量。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:49 msgid "_/dev/urandom_" msgstr "_/dev/urandom_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:51 msgid "_/dev/random_" msgstr "_/dev/random_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:55 msgid "It is assumed that none of the randomness sources will block." msgstr "假設所有隨機性來源都不會造成阻塞。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:62 msgid "*md5sum*(1), *X*(7), *xauth*(1), *rand*(3)" msgstr "*md5sum*(1)、*X*(7)、*xauth*(1)、*rand*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "namei(1)" msgstr "namei(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:12 msgid "namei - follow a pathname until a terminal point is found" msgstr "namei - 沿路徑名稱追蹤直到找到終點" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:16 msgid "*namei* [options] _pathname_..." msgstr "*namei* [options] _pathname_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:20 msgid "*namei* interprets its arguments as pathnames to any type of Unix file (symlinks, files, directories, and so forth). *namei* then follows each pathname until an endpoint is found (a file, a directory, a device node, etc). If it finds a symbolic link, it shows the link, and starts following it, indenting the output to show the context." msgstr "*namei* 將其參數解讀為任意型態之 Unix 檔案（symlink、一般檔案、目錄等）的路徑名稱。接著 *namei* 會沿著每個路徑名稱追蹤，直到找到端點（檔案、目錄、裝置節點等）。若找到符號連結，它會顯示該連結，並開始追蹤它，同時縮排輸出以呈現上下文。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:22 msgid "This program is useful for finding \"too many levels of symbolic links\" problems." msgstr "此程式有助於找出「符號連結層級過多」（too many levels of symbolic links）這類問題。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:24 msgid "For each line of output, *namei* uses the following characters to identify the file type found:" msgstr "*namei* 對每一行輸出使用下列字元來識別所找到的檔案類型：" #. type: Table #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|f:\n" "|the pathname currently being resolved\n" "\n" "|d\n" "|directory\n" "\n" "|l\n" "|symbolic link (both the link and its contents are output)\n" "\n" "|s\n" "|socket\n" "\n" "|b\n" "|block device\n" "\n" "|c\n" "|character device\n" "\n" "|p\n" "|FIFO (named pipe)\n" "\n" "|-\n" "|regular file\n" "\n" "|?\n" "|an error of some kind\n" msgstr "" "|f:\n" "|目前正在解析的路徑名稱\n" "\n" "|d\n" "|目錄\n" "\n" "|l\n" "|符號連結（連結與其內容都會輸出）\n" "\n" "|s\n" "|socket\n" "\n" "|b\n" "|區塊裝置\n" "\n" "|c\n" "|字元裝置\n" "\n" "|p\n" "|FIFO（具名管道）\n" "\n" "|-\n" "|一般檔案\n" "\n" "|?\n" "|某種錯誤\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:56 msgid "*namei* prints an informative message when the maximum number of symbolic links this system can have has been exceeded." msgstr "當超過此系統所能容許的最大符號連結數目時，*namei* 會印出資訊性訊息。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--long*" msgstr "*-l*, *--long*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:61 msgid "Use the long listing format (same as *-m -o -v*)." msgstr "使用長格式列出（等同於 *-m -o -v*）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--modes*" msgstr "*-m*, *--modes*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:64 msgid "Show the mode bits of each file type in the style of *ls*(1), for example 'rwxr-xr-x'." msgstr "以 *ls*(1) 的樣式顯示每種類型檔案的權限位元，例如 'rwxr-xr-x'。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--nosymlinks*" msgstr "*-n*, *--nosymlinks*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:67 msgid "Don't follow symlinks." msgstr "不要追蹤符號連結。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--owners*" msgstr "*-o*, *--owners*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:70 msgid "Show owner and group name of each file." msgstr "顯示每個檔案的擁有者與群組名稱。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:73 msgid "Vertically align the modes and owners." msgstr "垂直對齊權限模式與擁有者。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--mountpoints*" msgstr "*-x*, *--mountpoints*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:76 msgid "Show mountpoint directories with a 'D' rather than a 'd'." msgstr "以 'D' 而非 'd' 顯示掛載點目錄。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:80 msgid "Show security context of the file or \"?\" if not available. The support for security contexts is optional and does not have to be compiled to the *namei* binary." msgstr "顯示檔案的安全上下文（security context），若無法取得則顯示 \"?\"。安全上下文的支援為選用功能，不一定要編譯進 *namei* 執行檔。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:86 msgid "To be discovered." msgstr "待探索。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:90 msgid "The original *namei* program was written by mailto:rogers@amadeus.wr.tek.com[Roger Southwick]." msgstr "原本的 *namei* 程式由 mailto:rogers@amadeus.wr.tek.com[Roger Southwick] 撰寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:92 msgid "The program was rewritten by mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]." msgstr "此程式由 mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak] 重新撰寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:98 msgid "*ls*(1), *stat*(1), *symlink*(7)" msgstr "*ls*(1)、*stat*(1)、*symlink*(7)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "pipesz(1)" msgstr "pipesz(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:12 msgid "pipesz - set or examine pipe and FIFO buffer sizes" msgstr "pipesz - 設定或查看管道與 FIFO 的緩衝區大小" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:16 msgid "*pipesz* [options] [*--set* _size_] [--] [_command_ [_argument_...]]" msgstr "*pipesz* [options] [*--set* _size_] [--] [_command_ [_argument_...]]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:18 msgid "*pipesz* [options] *--get*" msgstr "*pipesz* [options] *--get*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:22 msgid "Pipes and FIFOs maintain an internal buffer used to transfer data between the read end and the write end. In some cases, the default size of this internal buffer may not be appropriate. This program provides facilities to set and examine the size of these buffers." msgstr "管道與 FIFO 會維護一個內部緩衝區，用來在讀取端與寫入端之間傳輸資料。在某些情況下，這個內部緩衝區的預設大小可能不適當。此程式提供了設定與查看這些緩衝區大小的功能。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:24 msgid "The *--set* operation sets pipe buffer sizes. If it is specified, it must be specified with an explicit _size_. Otherwise, it is implied and the size is read from */proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size*. The kernel may adjust _size_ as described in *fcntl*(2). To see the actual buffer sizes that get set, use the *--verbose* option. If neither *--file* nor *--fd* are specified, *--set* acts on standard output." msgstr "*--set* 作業會設定管道緩衝區的大小。若指定它，就必須同時指定明確的 _size_；否則會隱含啟用，此時大小取自 */proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size*。核心可能會如 *fcntl*(2) 所述調整 _size_。若要查看實際設定的緩衝區大小，請使用 *--verbose* 選項。若未指定 *--file* 或 *--fd*，*--set* 會作用於標準輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:26 msgid "The *--set* operation permits an optional _command_ to execute after setting the pipe buffer sizes. This command is executed with the adjusted pipes." msgstr "*--set* 作業允許在設定管道緩衝區大小後執行選用的 _command_。此命令會在調整過大小的管道上執行。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:28 msgid "The *--get* operation outputs data in a tabular format. The first column is the name of the pipe as passed to *pipesz*. File descriptors are named as \"fd _N_\". The second column is the size, in bytes, of the pipe's internal buffer. The third column is the number of unread bytes currently in the pipe. The columns are separated by tabs ('\\t', ASCII 09h). If *--verbose* is specified, a descriptive header is also emitted. If neither *--file* nor *--fd* are specified, *--get* acts on standard input." msgstr "*--get* 作業會以表格格式輸出資料。第一欄是傳給 *pipesz* 的管道名稱；檔案描述符會命名為 \"fd _N_\"。第二欄是管道內部緩衝區的大小（以位元組為單位）。第三欄是管道中目前尚未讀取的位元組數。各欄以定位字元（tab，'\\t'，ASCII 09h）分隔。若指定 *--verbose*，也會輸出描述性的標題列。若未指定 *--file* 或 *--fd*，*--get* 會作用於標準輸入。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:30 msgid "Unless the *--check* option is specified, *pipesz* does _not_ exit if it encounters an error while manipulating a file or file descriptor. This allows *pipesz* to be used generically without fear of disrupting the execution of pipelines should the type of certain files be later changed. For minimal disruption, the *--quiet* option prevents warnings from being emitted in these cases." msgstr "除非指定 *--check* 選項，否則 *pipesz* 在處理檔案或檔案描述符時遇到錯誤並不會退出。這讓 *pipesz* 可以被一般性地使用，即便日後某些檔案的類型改變，也不必擔心會打斷管線（pipeline）的執行。為了將干擾降到最低，*--quiet* 選項可以在這些情況下抑制警告訊息。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:32 msgid "The kernel imposes limits on the amount of pipe buffer space unprivileged processes can use, though see *BUGS* below. The kernel will also refuse to shrink a pipe buffer if this would cause a loss of buffered data. See *pipe*(7) for additional details." msgstr "系統核心對非特權處理程序可使用的管道緩衝區空間設有限制，不過請參閱下方 *BUGS*。如果縮小管道緩衝區會造成已緩衝的資料遺失，核心也會拒絕縮小。更多細節詳見 *pipe*(7)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:34 msgid "*pipesz* supports specifying multiple short options consecutively, in the usual *getopt*(3) fashion. The first non-option argument is interpreted as _command_. If _command_ might begin with '-', use '--' to separate it from arguments to *pipesz*. In shell scripts, it is good practice to use '--' when parameter expansion is involved. *pipesz* itself does not read from standard input and does not write to standard output unless *--get*, *--help*, or *--version* are specified." msgstr "*pipesz* 支援以一般的 *getopt*(3) 方式連續指定多個短選項。第一個非選項參數會被解讀為 _command_。若 _command_ 可能以 '-' 開頭，請用 '--' 將它與 *pipesz* 的參數分隔。在 shell 指令碼中，當涉及參數展開時，使用 '--' 是良好做法。*pipesz* 本身不會讀取標準輸入，也不會寫入標準輸出，除非指定了 *--get*、*--help* 或 *--version*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--get*" msgstr "*-g*, *--get*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:39 msgid "Report the size of pipe buffers to standard output and exit. As a special behavior, if neither *--file* nor *--fd* are specified, standard input is examined. It is an error to specify this option in combination with *--set*." msgstr "將管道緩衝區的大小輸出到標準輸出後結束。特別地，若未指定 *--file* 或 *--fd*，會檢查標準輸入。將此選項與 *--set* 同時指定是錯誤的。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--set* _size_" msgstr "*-s*, *--set* _size_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:42 msgid "Set the size of the pipe buffers, in bytes. This option may be suffixed by *K*, *M*, *G*, *KiB*, *MiB*, or *GiB* to indicate multiples of 1024. Fractional values are supported in this case. Additional suffixes are supported but are unlikely to be useful. If this option is not specified, a default value is used, as described above. If this option is specified multiple times, a warning is emitted and only the last-specified _size_ is used. As a special behavior, if neither *--file* nor *--fd* are specified, standard output is adjusted. It is an error to specify this option in combination with *--get*." msgstr "以位元組為單位設定管道緩衝區的大小。此選項可以加上 *K*、*M*、*G*、*KiB*、*MiB* 或 *GiB* 後綴，以表示 1024 的倍數；這種情況支援分數值。也支援其他後綴，但大概沒什麼用。若未指定此選項，則使用如前所述的預設值。若重複指定此選項，會發出警告，而且只使用最後指定的 _size_。特別地，若未指定 *--file* 或 *--fd*，會調整標準輸出。將此選項與 *--get* 同時指定是錯誤的。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--file* _path_" msgstr "*-f*, *--file* _path_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:45 msgid "Set the buffer size of the FIFO or pipe at _path_, relative to the current working directory. You may specify this option multiple times to affect different files, and you may do so in combination with *--fd*. Generally, this option is used with FIFOs, but it will also operate on anonymous pipes such as those found in */proc/PID/fd*. Changes to the buffer size of FIFOs are not preserved across system restarts." msgstr "設定位於 _path_ 的 FIFO 或管道的緩衝區大小，相對於目前工作目錄。您可以重複指定此選項以影響不同的檔案，也可以搭配 *--fd* 一起指定。一般來說，此選項用於 FIFO，但也會作用於匿名管道，例如 */proc/PID/fd* 中的管道。FIFO 緩衝區大小的變更不會在系統重新啟動後保留。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--fd* _number_" msgstr "*-n*, *--fd* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:48 msgid "Set the buffer size of the pipe or FIFO corresponding to file descriptor _number_. You may specify this option multiple times to affect different file descriptors, and you may do so in combination with *--file*. Shorthand options are provided for the common cases of fd 0 (stdin), fd 1 (stdout), and fd 2 (stderr). These should suffice in most cases." msgstr "設定與檔案描述符 _number_ 對應之管道或 FIFO 的緩衝區大小。您可以重複指定此選項以影響不同的檔案描述符，也可以搭配 *--file* 一起指定。本工具為常見的 fd 0（stdin）、fd 1（stdout）與 fd 2（stderr）提供了簡寫選項，在大多數情況下應該足夠。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--stdin*" msgstr "*-i*, *--stdin*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:51 msgid "Shorthand for *--fd 0*." msgstr "*--fd 0* 的簡寫。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--stdout*" msgstr "*-o*, *--stdout*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:54 msgid "Shorthand for *--fd 1*." msgstr "*--fd 1* 的簡寫。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--stderr*" msgstr "*-e*, *--stderr*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:57 msgid "Shorthand for *--fd 2*." msgstr "*--fd 2* 的簡寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:60 msgid "Exit, without executing _command_, in case of any error while manipulating a file or file descriptor. The default behavior if this is not specified is to emit a warning to standard error and continue." msgstr "若在處理檔案或檔案描述符時發生任何錯誤，則不執行 _command_ 直接退出。若未指定此選項，預設行為是向標準錯誤輸出警告後繼續。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:63 msgid "Do not report non-fatal errors to standard error. This option does not affect the normal output of *--get*, *--verbose*, *--help*, or *--version*." msgstr "不要向標準錯誤回報非致命錯誤。此選項不會影響 *--get*、*--verbose*、*--help* 或 *--version* 的正常輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:66 msgid "If specified with *--get*, *pipesz* will emit a descriptive header above the table. Otherwise, if specified, *pipesz* will print the actual buffer sizes set by the kernel to standard error." msgstr "若與 *--get* 一起指定，*pipesz* 會在表格上方輸出描述性的標題列。除此之外，若指定此選項，*pipesz* 會將核心實際設定的緩衝區大小印到標準錯誤。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*pipesz* *dd* if=_file_ bs=1M | ..." msgstr "*pipesz* *dd* if=_file_ bs=1M | ..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:73 msgid "Runs *dd*(1) with an expanded standard output pipe, allowing it to avoid context switches when piping around large blocks." msgstr "以擴大的標準輸出管道執行 *dd*(1)，讓它在傳送大型區塊時可以避免上下文切換。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*pipesz* -s1M -cf _/run/my-service.fifo_" msgstr "*pipesz* -s1M -cf _/run/my-service.fifo_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:76 msgid "Sets the pipe buffer size of a service FIFO to 1,048,576 bytes. If the buffer size could not be set, *pipesz* exits with an error." msgstr "將服務 FIFO 的管道緩衝區大小設為 1,048,576 個位元組。若緩衝區大小無法設定，*pipesz* 會以錯誤狀態退出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*echo* hello | *pipesz* -g" msgstr "*echo* hello | *pipesz* -g" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:79 msgid "Prints the size of pipe used by the shell to pass input to *pipesz*. Since *pipesz* does not read standard input, it may also report 6 unread bytes in the pipe, depending on relative timings." msgstr "印出 shell 用來傳遞輸入給 *pipesz* 的管道大小。由於 *pipesz* 不會讀取標準輸入，依相對時間的不同，它可能也會回報管道中有 6 個未讀取的位元組。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*find* /proc/_PID_/fd -exec *pipesz* -gqf '{}' ';'" msgstr "*find* /proc/_PID_/fd -exec *pipesz* -gqf '{}' ';'" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:82 msgid "Prints the size and number of unread bytes of all pipes in use by _PID_. If some pipes are routinely full, *pipesz* might be able to mitigate a processing bottleneck." msgstr "印出 _PID_ 使用的所有管道之大小與未讀取位元組數。若某些管道經常滿溢，*pipesz* 也許能減緩處理瓶頸。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:86 msgid "Linux supports adjusting the size of pipe buffers since kernel 2.6.35. This release also introduced */proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size*." msgstr "Linux 自核心（kernel）2.6.35 起支援調整管道緩衝區的大小；此版本也引入了 */proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:88 msgid "This program uses *fcntl*(2) *F_GETPIPE_SZ*/*F_SETPIPE_SZ* to get and set pipe buffer sizes." msgstr "此程式使用 *fcntl*(2) 的 *F_GETPIPE_SZ* 與 *F_SETPIPE_SZ* 來取得與設定管道緩衝區大小。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:90 msgid "This program uses *ioctl*(2) *FIONREAD* to report the amount of unread data in pipes. If for some reason this fails, the amount of unread data is reported as 0." msgstr "此程式使用 *ioctl*(2) 的 *FIONREAD* 來回報管道中未讀取的資料量。若因故失敗，則未讀取的資料量會被回報為 0。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:94 msgid "Before Linux 4.9, some bugs affect how certain resource limits are enforced when setting pipe buffer sizes. See *pipe*(7) for details." msgstr "在 Linux 4.9 之前，設定管道緩衝區大小時，某些資源限制的執行方式會受到一些臭蟲的影響。詳情參見 *pipe*(7)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:98 msgid "mailto:nwsharp@live.com[Nathan Sharp]" msgstr "mailto:nwsharp@live.com[Nathan Sharp]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:102 msgid "*pipe*(7)" msgstr "*pipe*(7)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "rename(1)" msgstr "rename(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:20 msgid "rename - rename files" msgstr "rename - 重新命名檔案" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:24 msgid "*rename* [options] _substring replacement file_..." msgstr "*rename* [options] _substring replacement file_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:28 msgid "*rename* will rename the specified files by replacing the first occurrence of _substring_ in their name by _replacement_." msgstr "*rename* 會將指定檔案名稱中第一次出現的 _substring_ 取代為 _replacement_，藉此重新命名檔案。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--symlink*" msgstr "*-s*, *--symlink*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:33 msgid "Do not rename a symlink but change where it points." msgstr "不重新命名符號連結，而是改變它所指向的位置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:36 msgid "Show which files were renamed, if any." msgstr "若實際有重新命名檔案，顯示是哪些檔案。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:39 msgid "Do not make any changes; add *--verbose* to see what would be made." msgstr "不做任何變更；加上 *--verbose* 可查看原本會做的變更。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:42 msgid "Replace all occurrences of _substring_ rather than only the first one." msgstr "取代所有出現的 _substring_，而不只是第一次出現的地方。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--last*" msgstr "*-l*, *--last*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:45 msgid "Replace the last occurrence of _substring_ rather than the first one." msgstr "取代最後一次出現的 _substring_，而非第一次出現的地方。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--no-overwrite*" msgstr "*-o*, *--no-overwrite*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:48 msgid "Do not overwrite existing files. When *--symlink* is active, do not overwrite symlinks pointing to existing targets." msgstr "不要覆寫既有的檔案。當 *--symlink* 啟用時，不要覆寫指向既有目標的符號連結。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:51 msgid "Ask before overwriting existing files." msgstr "覆寫既有檔案之前先詢問。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:57 msgid "The renaming has no safeguards by default or without any one of the options *--no-overwrite*, *--interactive* or *--no-act*. If the user has permission to rewrite file names, the command will perform the action without any questions. For example, the result can be quite drastic when the command is run as root in the _/lib_ directory. Always make a backup before running the command, unless you truly know what you are doing." msgstr "預設情況下，或是在沒有 *--no-overwrite*、*--interactive*、*--no-act* 任一選項的情況下，重新命名沒有任何保護措施。只要使用者有權限改寫檔名，命令就會毫不猶豫地執行。例如，在 _/lib_ 目錄中以 root 執行此命令時，後果可能相當劇烈。除非您真的很清楚自己在做什麼，否則執行命令前務必先備份。" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "EDGE CASES" msgstr "特殊情況" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:61 msgid "If _substring_ is empty, then by default _replacement_ will be added to the start of the filename. With *--all*, _replacement_ will be inserted in between every two characters of the filename, as well as at the start and end." msgstr "若 _substring_ 為空字串，則預設會將 _replacement_ 加到檔名的開頭。使用 *--all* 時，_replacement_ 會被插入檔名的每兩個字元之間，以及開頭與結尾。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:63 msgid "Normally, only the final path component of a filename is updated. (Or with *--symlink*, only the final path component of the link.) But if either _substring_ or _replacement_ contains a _/_, the full path is updated. This can cause a file to be moved between folders. Creating folders, and moving files between filesystems, is not supported." msgstr "一般來說，只會更新檔名的最後一個路徑元件（搭配 *--symlink* 時，只更新連結的最後一個路徑元件）。但若 _substring_ 或 _replacement_ 含有 _/_，則會更新完整路徑。這可能導致檔案在資料夾之間移動；不支援建立資料夾，也不支援跨檔案系統移動檔案。" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "INTERACTIVE MODE" msgstr "互動模式" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:67 msgid "As most standard utilities rename can be used with a terminal device (tty in short) in canonical mode, where the line is buffered by the tty and you press ENTER to validate the user input. If you put your tty in cbreak mode however, rename requires only a single key press to answer the prompt. To set cbreak mode, run for example:" msgstr "與大多數標準工具一樣，rename 可以搭配處於規範模式（canonical mode）的終端機裝置（簡稱 tty）使用；在此模式下，輸入列會由 tty 緩衝，您按下 ENTER 才會確認使用者輸入。不過，若將 tty 設為 cbreak 模式，rename 回覆提示時只需要按單一按鍵。若要設定 cbreak 模式，可執行例如：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "sh -c 'stty -icanon min 1; \"$0\" \"$@\"; stty icanon' rename -i from to files\n" msgstr "sh -c 'stty -icanon min 1; \"$0\" \"$@\"; stty icanon' rename -i from to files\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:76 msgid "all requested rename operations were successful" msgstr "所有要求的重新命名作業都成功" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:79 msgid "all rename operations failed" msgstr "所有重新命名作業都失敗" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:82 msgid "some rename operations failed" msgstr "部分重新命名作業失敗" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:85 msgid "nothing was renamed" msgstr "沒有任何檔案被重新命名" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:88 msgid "unanticipated error occurred" msgstr "發生未預期的錯誤" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:92 msgid "Given the files _foo1_, ..., _foo9_, _foo10_, ..., _foo278_, the commands" msgstr "給定檔案 _foo1_、…、_foo9_、_foo10_、…、_foo278_，下列命令" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:96 #, no-wrap msgid "" "rename foo foo00 foo?\n" "rename foo foo0 foo??\n" msgstr "" "rename foo foo00 foo?\n" "rename foo foo0 foo??\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:99 msgid "will turn them into _foo001_, ..., _foo009_, _foo010_, ..., _foo278_. And" msgstr "會將它們變成 _foo001_、…、_foo009_、_foo010_、…、_foo278_。另外：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:102 #, no-wrap msgid "rename .htm .html *.htm\n" msgstr "rename .htm .html *.htm\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:105 msgid "will fix the extension of your html files. Provide an empty string for shortening:" msgstr "會修正您的 html 檔案副檔名。若要縮短，可提供空字串：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "rename '_with_long_name' '' file_with_long_name.*\n" msgstr "rename '_with_long_name' '' file_with_long_name.*\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:111 msgid "will remove the substring in the filenames." msgstr "會移除檔名中的該子字串。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:115 msgid "*mv*(1)" msgstr "*mv*(1)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "uuidd(8)" msgstr "uuidd(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:18 msgid "uuidd - UUID generation daemon" msgstr "uuidd - UUID 產生常駐程式" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:22 msgid "*uuidd* [options]" msgstr "*uuidd* [options]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:26 msgid "The *uuidd* daemon is used by the UUID library to generate universally unique identifiers (UUIDs), especially time-based UUIDs, in a secure and guaranteed-unique fashion, even in the face of large numbers of threads running on different CPUs trying to grab UUIDs." msgstr "*uuidd* 常駐程式由 UUID 程式庫使用，以安全且保證唯一的方式產生通用唯一識別碼（UUID），尤其是以時間為基礎的 UUID；即使有大量執行緒在不同 CPU 上執行並試圖取得 UUID，也能保證唯一。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:29 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--cont-clock*[**=**_number_[*hd*]]" msgstr "*-C*, *--cont-clock*[**=**_number_[*hd*]]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:35 msgid "Activate continuous clock handling for time-based UUIDs. *uuidd* could use all possible clock values, beginning with the daemon's start time. The optional argument can be used to set a value for 'max_clock_offset'. This guarantees that a clock value of a UUID will always be within the range of 'max_clock_offset'." msgstr "啟動以時間為基礎之 UUID 的連續時鐘（continuous clock）處理。*uuidd* 可以使用所有可能的時鐘值，從常駐程式啟動的時間開始。選擇性參數可用來設定 'max_clock_offset' 的值。這能保證 UUID 的時鐘值永遠落在 'max_clock_offset' 的範圍內。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:38 msgid "The option *-C* or *--cont-clock* (without an argument) enables the feature with a default 'max_clock_offset' of 2 hours." msgstr "*-C* 或 *--cont-clock*（不帶參數）會以 2 小時的預設 'max_clock_offset' 啟用此功能。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:43 msgid "The option **-C**_number_ or **--cont-clock=**_number_ enables the feature with a 'max_clock_offset' of _number_ seconds. In case of an appended *h* or *d*, _number_ is understood in hours or days. The minimum value is 60 seconds, the maximum value is 365 days." msgstr "選項 **-C**_number_ 或 **--cont-clock=**_number_ 會以 _number_ 秒的 'max_clock_offset' 啟用此功能。若附加 *h* 或 *d*，則 _number_ 分別以小時或天為單位解讀。最小值為 60 秒，最大值為 365 天。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:44 ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--debug*" msgstr "*-d*, *--debug*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:46 msgid "Run *uuidd* in debugging mode. This prevents *uuidd* from running as a daemon." msgstr "以除錯模式執行 *uuidd*。這會讓 *uuidd* 不以常駐程式方式執行。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:47 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:64 #: ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:150 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--no-fork*" msgstr "*-F*, *--no-fork*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:49 msgid "Do not daemonize using a double-fork." msgstr "不要使用雙重 fork 來 daemonize。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-k*, *--kill*" msgstr "*-k*, *--kill*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:52 msgid "If currently a uuidd daemon is running, kill it." msgstr "若目前有 uuidd 常駐程式正在執行，終止它。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--uuids* _number_" msgstr "*-n*, *--uuids* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:55 msgid "When issuing a test request to a running *uuidd*, request a bulk response of _number_ UUIDs." msgstr "對執行中的 *uuidd* 發出測試請求時，要求一次回應 _number_ 個 UUID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--no-pid*" msgstr "*-P*, *--no-pid*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:58 msgid "Do not create a pid file." msgstr "不要建立 pid 檔案。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pid* _path_" msgstr "*-p*, *--pid* _path_" #. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate _{runstatedir}_. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:61 msgid "Specify the pathname where the pid file should be written. By default, the pid file is written to _{runstatedir}/uuidd/uuidd.pid_." msgstr "指定 pid 檔案的寫入路徑名稱。預設情況下，pid 檔案會寫入 _{runstatedir}/uuidd/uuidd.pid_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:65 msgid "Suppress some failure messages." msgstr "抑制部分失敗訊息。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:66 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--random*" msgstr "*-r*, *--random*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:68 msgid "Test uuidd by trying to connect to a running uuidd daemon and request it to return a random-based UUID." msgstr "測試 uuidd：嘗試連線到執行中的 uuidd 常駐程式，並要求它回傳一個以隨機為基礎的 UUID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--socket-activation*" msgstr "*-S*, *--socket-activation*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:71 msgid "Do not create a socket but instead expect it to be provided by the calling process. This implies *--no-fork* and *--no-pid*. This option is intended to be used only with *systemd*(1). It needs to be enabled with a configure option." msgstr "不建立 socket，而是預期由呼叫的處理程序提供。這隱含 *--no-fork* 與 *--no-pid*。此選項僅供搭配 *systemd*(1) 使用，需要透過 configure 選項來啟用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--socket* _path_" msgstr "*-s*, *--socket* _path_" #. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate _{runstatedir}_. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:74 msgid "Make uuidd use this pathname for the unix-domain socket. By default, the pathname used is _{runstatedir}/uuidd/request_. This option is primarily for debugging purposes, since the pathname is hard-coded in the *libuuid* library." msgstr "讓 uuidd 使用此路徑名稱作為 unix-domain socket。預設使用的路徑名稱是 _{runstatedir}/uuidd/request_。此選項主要用於除錯用途，因為該路徑名稱在 *libuuid* 程式庫中是寫死的。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--timeout* _number_" msgstr "*-T*, *--timeout* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:78 msgid "Make *uuidd* exit after _number_ seconds of inactivity." msgstr "讓 *uuidd* 在閒置 _number_ 秒後退出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:79 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:36 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:61 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--time*" msgstr "*-t*, *--time*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:81 msgid "Test *uuidd* by trying to connect to a running uuidd daemon and request it to return a time-based UUID." msgstr "測試 *uuidd*：嘗試連線到執行中的 uuidd 常駐程式，並要求它回傳一個以時間為基礎的 UUID。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:87 msgid "Start up a daemon, print 42 random keys, and then stop the daemon:" msgstr "啟動一個常駐程式，印出 42 個隨機鍵，然後停止該常駐程式：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "" "uuidd -p /tmp/uuidd.pid -s /tmp/uuidd.socket\n" "uuidd -d -r -n 42 -s /tmp/uuidd.socket\n" "uuidd -d -k -s /tmp/uuidd.socket\n" msgstr "" "uuidd -p /tmp/uuidd.pid -s /tmp/uuidd.socket\n" "uuidd -d -r -n 42 -s /tmp/uuidd.socket\n" "uuidd -d -k -s /tmp/uuidd.socket\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:97 msgid "The *uuidd* daemon was written by mailto:tytso@mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o]." msgstr "*uuidd* 常駐程式由 mailto:tytso@mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o] 撰寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:102 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuidgen*(1)" msgstr "*uuid*(3)、*uuidgen*(1)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "uuidgen(1)" msgstr "uuidgen(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:18 msgid "uuidgen - create a new UUID value" msgstr "uuidgen - 建立新的 UUID 值" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:22 msgid "*uuidgen* [options]" msgstr "*uuidgen* [options]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:26 msgid "The *uuidgen* program creates (and prints) a new universally unique identifier (UUID) using the *libuuid*(3) library. The new UUID can reasonably be considered unique among all UUIDs created on the local system, and among UUIDs created on other systems in the past and in the future." msgstr "*uuidgen* 程式使用 *libuuid*(3) 程式庫建立（並印出）新的通用唯一識別碼（UUID）。這個新的 UUID 可以合理地視為在本地系統建立的所有 UUID 中，以及過去與未來在其他系統建立的 UUID 中都是唯一的。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:28 msgid "There are three types of UUIDs which *uuidgen* can generate: time-based UUIDs, random-based UUIDs, and hash-based UUIDs. By default *uuidgen* will generate a random-based UUID if a high-quality random number generator is present. Otherwise, it will choose a time-based UUID. It is possible to force the generation of one of these first two UUID types by using the *--random* or *--time* options." msgstr "*uuidgen* 可以產生三種類型的 UUID：以時間為基礎、以隨機為基礎，以及以雜湊為基礎的 UUID。若系統具備高品質的隨機數產生器，*uuidgen* 預設會產生以隨機為基礎的 UUID；否則會選擇以時間為基礎的 UUID。您可以使用 *--random* 或 *--time* 選項，強制產生前兩種類型中的一種。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:30 msgid "The third type of UUID is generated with the *--md5* or *--sha1* options, followed by *--namespace* _namespace_ and *--name* _name_. The _namespace_ may either be a well-known UUID, or else an alias to one of the well-known UUIDs defined in RFC 4122, that is *@dns*, *@url*, *@oid*, or *@x500*. The _name_ is an arbitrary string value. The generated UUID is the digest of the concatenation of the namespace UUID and the name value, hashed with the MD5 or SHA1 algorithms. It is, therefore, a predictable value which may be useful when UUIDs are being used as handles or nonces for more complex values or values which shouldn't be disclosed directly. See the RFC for more information." msgstr "第三種類型的 UUID 由 *--md5* 或 *--sha1* 選項產生，接著搭配 *--namespace* _namespace_ 與 *--name* _name_。_namespace_ 可以是眾所周知的 UUID，或是 RFC 4122 中所定義之知名 UUID 的別名，也就是 *@dns*、*@url*、*@oid* 或 *@x500*。_name_ 是任意的字串值。產生的 UUID 是 namespace UUID 與 name 值串接後的摘要，再以 MD5 或 SHA1 演算法進行雜湊。因此，它是可預測的值；當 UUID 被用作更複雜值或不宜直接公開之值的處理控制代碼（handle）或 nonce 時，這可能很有用。更多資訊請參閱該 RFC。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:35 msgid "Generate a random-based UUID. This method creates a UUID consisting mostly of random bits. It requires that the operating system has a high quality random number generator, such as _/dev/random_." msgstr "產生以隨機為基礎的 UUID。此方法建立的 UUID 大多由隨機位元組成。它要求作業系統具備高品質的隨機數產生器，例如 _/dev/random_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:38 msgid "Generate a time-based UUID. This method creates a UUID based on the system clock plus the system's ethernet hardware address, if present." msgstr "產生以時間為基礎的 UUID。此方法根據系統時鐘，再加上系統的乙太網路硬體位址（若存在）來建立 UUID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--md5*" msgstr "*-m*, *--md5*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:41 msgid "Use MD5 as the hash algorithm." msgstr "使用 MD5 作為雜湊演算法。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--sha1*" msgstr "*-s*, *--sha1*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:44 msgid "Use SHA1 as the hash algorithm." msgstr "使用 SHA1 作為雜湊演算法。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-6*, *--time-v6*" msgstr "*-6*, *--time-v6*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:47 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:50 msgid "Generate a time-based UUID. This method creates a UUID based on the system clock and is lexicographically sortable according to the contained timestamp." msgstr "產生以時間為基礎的 UUID。此方法根據系統時鐘建立 UUID，並可依其中所含的時間戳記進行字典序排序。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-7*, *--time-v7*" msgstr "*-7*, *--time-v7*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--namespace* _namespace_" msgstr "*-n*, *--namespace* _namespace_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:53 msgid "Generate the hash with the _namespace_ prefix. The _namespace_ is UUID, or '@ns' where \"ns\" is well-known predefined UUID addressed by namespace name (see above)." msgstr "使用 _namespace_ 前綴產生雜湊。_namespace_ 是一個 UUID，或 '@ns'，其中 \"ns\" 是依名稱定址的知名預定義 UUID（見上方說明）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:54 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:29 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N*, *--name* _name_" msgstr "*-N*, *--name* _name_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:56 msgid "Generate the hash of the _name_." msgstr "產生 _name_ 的雜湊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--count* _num_" msgstr "*-C*, *--count* _num_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:59 msgid "Generate multiple UUIDs using the enhanced capability of the libuuid to cache time-based UUIDs, thus resulting in improved performance. However, this holds no significance for other UUID types." msgstr "利用 libuuid 快取以時間為基礎的 UUID 之增強功能，一次產生多個 UUID，進而提升效能。不過，這對其他類型的 UUID 沒有意義。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:60 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--hex*" msgstr "*-x*, *--hex*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:62 msgid "Interpret name _name_ as a hexadecimal string." msgstr "將名稱 _name_ 解讀為十六進位字串。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:68 msgid "OSF DCE 1.1" msgstr "OSF DCE 1.1" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:72 msgid "uuidgen --sha1 --namespace @dns --name \"www.example.com\"" msgstr "uuidgen --sha1 --namespace @dns --name \"www.example.com\"" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:76 msgid "*uuidgen* was written by Andreas Dilger for *libuuid*(3)." msgstr "*uuidgen* 由 Andreas Dilger 為 *libuuid*(3) 撰寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:83 msgid "*uuidparse*(1), *libuuid*(3), link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC 4122] link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfcXXXX[RFC XXXX]" msgstr "*uuidparse*(1)、*libuuid*(3)、link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC 4122] link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfcXXXX[RFC XXXX]" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "uuidparse(1)" msgstr "uuidparse(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:17 msgid "uuidparse - a utility to parse unique identifiers" msgstr "uuidparse - 剖析唯一識別碼的工具" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:21 msgid "*uuidparse* [options] _uuid_" msgstr "*uuidparse* [options] _uuid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:25 msgid "This command will parse unique identifier inputs from either command line arguments or standard input. The inputs are white-space separated." msgstr "此命令會剖析來自命令列參數或標準輸入的唯一識別碼輸入。輸入之間以空白分隔。" #. type: Title === #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:28 #, no-wrap msgid "Variants" msgstr "變體" #. type: Table #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|NCS |Network Computing System identifier. These were the original UUIDs.\n" "|DCE |The Open Software Foundation's (OSF) Distributed Computing Environment UUIDs.\n" "|Microsoft |Microsoft Windows platform globally unique identifier (GUID).\n" "|other |Unknown variant. Usually invalid input data.\n" msgstr "" "|NCS |Network Computing System 識別碼。這些是最早期的 UUID。\n" "|DCE |Open Software Foundation（OSF）的 Distributed Computing Environment（分散式運算環境）UUID。\n" "|Microsoft |Microsoft Windows 平台的全域唯一識別碼（GUID）。\n" "|other |未知的變體。通常是無效的輸入資料。\n" #. type: Title === #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "Types" msgstr "類型" #. type: Table #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|nil |Special type for zero in type file.\n" "|time-based |The DCE time based.\n" "|DCE |The DCE time and MAC Address.\n" "|name-based |RFC 4122 md5sum hash.\n" "|random |RFC 4122 random.\n" "|sha1-based |RFC 4122 sha-1 hash.\n" "|unknown |Unknown type. Usually invalid input data.\n" msgstr "" "|nil |用於零的特殊類型。\n" "|time-based |以 DCE 時間為基礎。\n" "|DCE |以 DCE 時間與 MAC 位址為基礎。\n" "|name-based |RFC 4122 的 md5sum 雜湊。\n" "|random |RFC 4122 的隨機。\n" "|sha1-based |RFC 4122 的 sha-1 雜湊。\n" "|unknown |未知的類型。通常是無效的輸入資料。\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:59 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--output*" msgstr "*-o*, *--output*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:74 msgid "mailto:kerolasa@iki.fi[Sami Kerola]" msgstr "mailto:kerolasa@iki.fi[Sami Kerola]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:80 msgid "*uuidgen*(1), *libuuid*(3), https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC 4122]" msgstr "*uuidgen*(1)、*libuuid*(3)、https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC 4122]" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "waitpid(1)" msgstr "waitpid(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:12 msgid "waitpid - utility to wait for arbitrary processes" msgstr "waitpid - 等待任意處理程序的工具" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:16 msgid "*waitpid* [-v] [*--timeout*|*-t* _seconds_] PID[:inode]..." msgstr "*waitpid* [-v] [*--timeout*|*-t* _seconds_] PID[:inode]..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:20 msgid "*waitpid* is a simple command to wait for arbitrary non-child processes." msgstr "*waitpid* 是一個簡單的命令，用來等待任意非子處理程序。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:23 msgid "It exits after all processes whose PIDs have been passed as arguments have exited." msgstr "當所有其 PID 已作為參數傳入的處理程序都結束後，它才會退出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:27 msgid "Optionally, a process can be addressed with the format _PID:inode_. The _inode_ identifies the unique process's file descriptor. To retrieve a process's inode number you can use the *getino*(1) utility." msgstr "選擇性地，處理程序可以透過 _PID:inode_ 的格式來指定。_inode_ 識別該處理程序唯一的檔案描述符。若要取得處理程序的 inode 號碼，可以使用 *getino*(1) 工具。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:32 msgid "Be more verbose." msgstr "輸出更詳細的資訊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:35 msgid "Maximum wait time." msgstr "最大等待時間。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--exited*" msgstr "*-e*, *--exited*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:38 msgid "Don't error on already exited PIDs." msgstr "不因已經結束的 PID 而報錯。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:39 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--count* _count_" msgstr "*-c*, *--count* _count_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:41 msgid "Number of process exits to wait for." msgstr "要等待的處理程序結束次數。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:47 msgid "*waitpid* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "*waitpid* 有下列結束狀態值：" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:54 msgid "system does not provide necessary functionality" msgstr "系統未提供必要的功能" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:56 msgid "timeout expired" msgstr "等待逾時" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:64 msgid "*waitpid*(2) *wait*(1P) *getino*(1)" msgstr "*waitpid*(2) *wait*(1P) *getino*(1)" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "whereis(1)" msgstr "whereis(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:48 msgid "whereis - locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command" msgstr "whereis - 尋找命令的執行檔、原始碼與說明手冊檔案" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:52 msgid "*whereis* [options] [*-BMS* _directory_... *-f*] _name_..." msgstr "*whereis* [options] [*-BMS* _directory_... *-f*] _name_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:56 msgid "*whereis* locates the binary, source and manual files for the specified command names. The supplied names are *first stripped of leading pathname components*. Prefixes of *s.* resulting from use of source code control are also dealt with. *whereis* then attempts to locate the desired program in the standard Linux places, and in the places specified by *$PATH* and *$MANPATH*." msgstr "*whereis* 尋找指定命令名稱的執行檔、原始碼與說明手冊檔案。所提供的名稱會*先移除開頭的路徑名稱元件*；因使用原始碼版本控制而產生的 *s.* 前綴也會被處理。接著 *whereis* 會嘗試在標準的 Linux 位置，以及由 *$PATH* 與 *$MANPATH* 指定的位置尋找所需的程式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:58 msgid "The search restrictions (options *-b*, *-m* and *-s*) are cumulative and apply to the subsequent _name_ patterns on the command line. Any new search restriction resets the search mask. For example," msgstr "搜尋限制（*-b*、*-m* 與 *-s* 選項）會累加，並套用於命令列上後續的 _name_ 模式。任何新的搜尋限制都會重設搜尋遮罩。例如：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:61 msgid "*whereis -bm ls tr -m gcc*" msgstr "*whereis -bm ls tr -m gcc*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:64 msgid "searches for \"ls\" and \"tr\" binaries and man pages, and for \"gcc\" man pages only." msgstr "會搜尋 \"ls\" 與 \"tr\" 的執行檔及 man 手冊頁，但只搜尋 \"gcc\" 的 man 手冊頁。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:66 msgid "The options *-B*, *-M* and *-S* reset search paths for the subsequent _name_ patterns. For example," msgstr "*-B*、*-M* 與 *-S* 選項會重設後續 _name_ 模式的搜尋路徑。例如：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:69 msgid "*whereis -m ls -M /usr/share/man/man1 -f cal*" msgstr "*whereis -m ls -M /usr/share/man/man1 -f cal*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:72 msgid "searches for \"*ls*\" man pages in all default paths, but for \"cal\" in the _/usr/share/man/man1_ directory only." msgstr "會在所有的預設路徑中搜尋 \"*ls*\" 的 man 手冊頁，但只在 _/usr/share/man/man1_ 目錄中搜尋 \"cal\"。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*" msgstr "*-b*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:77 msgid "Search for binaries." msgstr "搜尋執行檔。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:78 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*" msgstr "*-m*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:80 msgid "Search for manuals." msgstr "搜尋說明手冊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:83 msgid "Search for sources." msgstr "搜尋原始碼。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:84 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*" msgstr "*-u*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:86 msgid "Only show the command names that have unusual entries. A command is said to be unusual if it does not have just one entry of each explicitly requested type. Thus '*whereis -m -u **' asks for those files in the current directory which have no documentation file, or more than one." msgstr "只顯示具有異常條目的命令名稱。若一個命令不是每種明確要求的類型都剛好只有一個條目，就稱之為異常。因此，'*whereis -m -u **' 會要求列出目前目錄中沒有說明文件、或說明文件多於一個的那些檔案。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:87 #, no-wrap msgid "*-B* _list_" msgstr "*-B* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:89 msgid "Limit the places where *whereis* searches for binaries, by a whitespace-separated list of directories." msgstr "以空白分隔的目錄清單，限制 *whereis* 搜尋執行檔的位置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M* _list_" msgstr "*-M* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:92 msgid "Limit the places where *whereis* searches for manuals and documentation in Info format, by a whitespace-separated list of directories." msgstr "以空白分隔的目錄清單，限制 *whereis* 搜尋 man 說明手冊與 Info 格式文件的位置。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S* _list_" msgstr "*-S* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:95 msgid "Limit the places where *whereis* searches for sources, by a whitespace-separated list of directories." msgstr "以空白分隔的目錄清單，限制 *whereis* 搜尋原始碼的位置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:98 msgid "Terminates the directory list and signals the start of filenames. It _must_ be used when any of the *-B*, *-M*, or *-S* options is used." msgstr "結束目錄清單，並表示檔案名稱的開始。使用 *-B*、*-M* 或 *-S* 任一選項時_必須_使用它。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:101 msgid "Output the list of effective lookup paths that *whereis* is using. When none of *-B*, *-M*, or *-S* is specified, the option will output the hard-coded paths that the command was able to find on the system." msgstr "輸出 *whereis* 正在使用的有效查詢路徑清單。當未指定 *-B*、*-M* 或 *-S* 時，此選項會輸出命令在系統上能找到的寫死路徑。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:102 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*" msgstr "*-g*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:104 msgid "Interpret the next names as a *glob(7)* patterns. *whereis* always compares only filenames (aka basename) and never complete path. Using directory names in the pattern has no effect. Don’t forget that the shell interprets the pattern when specified on the command line without quotes. It’s necessary to use quotes for the _name_, for example:" msgstr "將接下來的名稱解讀為 *glob(7)* 模式。*whereis* 永遠只比對檔案名稱（亦即 basename），絕不比對完整路徑。在模式中使用目錄名稱不會有任何效果。別忘了，在命令列上不加引號指定模式時，shell 會自行解讀該模式。因此對 _name_ 必須加上引號，例如：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid " whereis -g 'find*'\n" msgstr " whereis -g 'find*'\n" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "FILE SEARCH PATHS" msgstr "檔案搜尋路徑" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:113 msgid "By default *whereis* tries to find files from hard-coded paths, which are defined with glob patterns. The command attempts to use the contents of *$PATH* and *$MANPATH* environment variables as default search path. The easiest way to know what paths are in use is to add the *-l* listing option. Effects of the *-B*, *-M*, and *-S* are displayed with *-l*." msgstr "預設情況下，*whereis* 會嘗試從以 glob 模式定義的寫死路徑中尋找檔案。此命令會嘗試使用 *$PATH* 與 *$MANPATH* 環境變數的內容作為預設搜尋路徑。要知道目前使用哪些路徑，最簡單的方式是加上 *-l* 列出選項。*-B*、*-M* 與 *-S* 的效果會以 *-l* 顯示。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "*WHEREIS_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "*WHEREIS_DEBUG*=all" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:122 msgid "To find all files in _/usr/bin_ which are not documented in _/usr/man/man1_ or have no source in _/usr/src_:" msgstr "若要找出 _/usr/bin_ 中所有沒有在 _/usr/man/man1_ 裡有說明文件、或在 _/usr/src_ 中沒有原始碼的檔案：" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:125 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*cd /usr/bin*\n" "*whereis -u -ms -M /usr/man/man1 -S /usr/src -f **" msgstr "" "*cd /usr/bin*\n" "*whereis -u -ms -M /usr/man/man1 -S /usr/src -f **" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "wipefs(8)" msgstr "wipefs(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:17 msgid "wipefs - wipe a signature from a device" msgstr "wipefs - 從裝置上清除簽名" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:21 msgid "*wipefs* [options] _device_..." msgstr "*wipefs* [options] _device_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:23 msgid "*wipefs* [*--backup*] *-o* _offset device_..." msgstr "*wipefs* [*--backup*] *-o* _offset device_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:25 msgid "*wipefs* [*--backup*] *-a* _device_..." msgstr "*wipefs* [*--backup*] *-a* _device_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:30 msgid "*wipefs* can erase filesystem, raid or partition-table signatures (magic strings) from the specified _device_ to make the signatures invisible for libblkid. *wipefs* does not erase the filesystem itself nor any other data from the device." msgstr "*wipefs* 可以從指定的 _device_ 上清除檔案系統、raid 或分割表的簽名（magic string），讓 libblkid 看不到這些簽名。*wipefs* 不會清除檔案系統本身，也不會清除裝置上的任何其他資料。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:32 msgid "When used without any options, *wipefs* lists all visible filesystems and the offsets of their basic signatures. The default output is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default outputs in your scripts. Always explicitly define expected columns by using *--output* _columns-list_ in environments where a stable output is required." msgstr "在沒有使用任何選項的情況下，*wipefs* 會列出所有可見的檔案系統及其基本簽名的偏移量。預設輸出內容可能變動。因此，只要有可能，您的指令碼就應避免使用預設輸出。在需要穩定輸出的環境中，請務必使用 *--output* _columns-list_ 明確定義所需的欄位。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:34 msgid "*wipefs* calls the *BLKRRPART* ioctl when it has erased a partition-table signature to inform the kernel about the change. The ioctl is called as the last step and when all specified signatures from all specified devices are already erased. This feature can be used to wipe content on partition devices as well as a partition table on a disk device, for example by *wipefs -a /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc*." msgstr "當 *wipefs* 清除分割表簽名時，會呼叫 *BLKRRPART* ioctl 來通知系統核心此變更。此 ioctl 會作為最後一個步驟呼叫，而且是在所有指定裝置的所有指定簽名都已清除之後。此功能可以用來清除分割裝置上的內容，也可以用來清除磁碟裝置上的分割表，例如 *wipefs -a /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:36 msgid "Note that some filesystems and some partition tables store more magic strings on the device (e.g., FAT, ZFS, GPT). The *wipefs* command (since v2.31) lists all the offsets where magic strings have been detected." msgstr "請注意，有些檔案系統與分割表會在裝置上儲存多個 magic string（例如 FAT、ZFS、GPT）。*wipefs* 命令（自 v2.31 起）會列出所有偵測到 magic string 的偏移量。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:38 msgid "When option *-a* is used, all magic strings that are visible for *libblkid*(3) are erased. In this case the *wipefs* scans the device again after each modification (erase) until no magic string is found." msgstr "使用 *-a* 選項時，所有對 *libblkid*(3) 可見的 magic string 都會被清除。在此情況下，*wipefs* 會在每次修改（清除）後再次掃描裝置，直到找不到任何 magic string 為止。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:40 msgid "Note that by default *wipefs* does not erase nested partition tables on non-whole disk devices. For this the option *--force* is required." msgstr "請注意，預設情況下 *wipefs* 不會清除非整個磁碟裝置上的巢狀分割表。要清除它們，需要 *--force* 選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:48 msgid "Erase all available signatures. The set of erased signatures can be restricted with the *-t* option. When performed on a partitioned whole-disk device like /dev/sdX, it will erase only the partition tables, not the content of the partitions." msgstr "清除所有可用的簽名。可以透過 *-t* 選項限制要清除的簽名集合。當在 /dev/sdX 這類已分割的整顆磁碟裝置上執行時，它只會清除分割表，不會清除分割區的內容。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--backup*[**=**_dir_]" msgstr "*-b*, *--backup*[**=**_dir_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:51 msgid "Create a signature backup to the file _wipefs--.bak_ in _$HOME_ or the directory specified as the optional argument. For more details see the *EXAMPLE* section." msgstr "將簽名備份到 _$HOME_ 中的 _wipefs--.bak_ 檔案，或備份到以選擇性參數指定的目錄。更多細節參見 *EXAMPLE* 一節。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:54 msgid "Force erasure, even if the filesystem is mounted. This is required in order to erase a partition-table signature on a block device." msgstr "即使檔案系統已掛載也強制清除。要在區塊裝置上清除分割表簽名時，需要此選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--noheadings*" msgstr "*-i*, *--noheadings*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--output* _list_" msgstr "*-O*, *--output* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:74 msgid "Causes everything to be done except for the *write*(2) call." msgstr "除了 *write*(2) 呼叫之外，執行其他所有動作。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:77 msgid "Specify the location (in bytes) of the signature which should be erased from the device. The _offset_ number may include a \"0x\" prefix; then the number will be interpreted as a hex value. It is possible to specify multiple *-o* options." msgstr "指定要從裝置清除之簽名的位置（以位元組為單位）。_offset_ 數字可以包含 \"0x\" 前綴，此時該數字會被解讀為十六進位值。可以指定多個 *-o* 選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:79 msgid "The _offset_ argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\"), or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB." msgstr "_offset_ 參數後可加上倍率後綴 KiB（=1024）、MiB（=1024*1024），依此類推到 GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB（\"iB\" 可省略，例如 \"K\" 與 \"KiB\" 意義相同）；或加上後綴 KB（=1000）、MB（=1000*1000），依此類推到 GB、TB、PB、EB、ZB 與 YB。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--parsable*" msgstr "*-p*, *--parsable*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:82 msgid "Print out in parsable instead of printable format. Encode all potentially unsafe characters of a string to the corresponding hex value prefixed by '\\x'." msgstr "以可剖析格式而非可列印格式輸出。將字串中所有可能不安全的字元編碼為加上 '\\x' 前綴的對應十六進位值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:85 msgid "Suppress any messages after a successful signature wipe." msgstr "在簽名清除成功後，抑制所有訊息。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:88 msgid "Limit the set of printed or erased signatures. More than one type may be specified in a comma-separated list. The list or individual types can be prefixed with 'no' to specify the types on which no action should be taken. For more details see *mount*(8)." msgstr "限制要列印或清除的簽名集合。可以在以逗號分隔的清單中指定多種類型。清單或個別類型可以加上 'no' 前綴，以指定不要對其採取動作的類型。更多細節參見 *mount*(8)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:95 msgid "enables *libblkid*(3) debug output." msgstr "啟用 *libblkid*(3) 的除錯輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*wipefs /dev/sda**" msgstr "*wipefs /dev/sda**" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:105 msgid "Prints information about sda and all partitions on sda." msgstr "印出 sda 及 sda 上所有分割區的資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*wipefs --all --backup /dev/sdb*" msgstr "*wipefs --all --backup /dev/sdb*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:108 msgid "Erases all signatures from the device _/dev/sdb_ and creates a signature backup file _~/wipefs-sdb-.bak_ for each signature." msgstr "清除裝置 _/dev/sdb_ 上所有的簽名，並為每個簽名建立簽名備份檔 _~/wipefs-sdb-.bak_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*dd if=~/wipefs-sdb-0x00000438.bak of=/dev/sdb seek=$\\((0x00000438)) bs=1 conv=notrunc*" msgstr "*dd if=~/wipefs-sdb-0x00000438.bak of=/dev/sdb seek=$\\((0x00000438)) bs=1 conv=notrunc*" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:111 msgid "Restores an ext2 signature from the backup file _~/wipefs-sdb-0x00000438.bak_." msgstr "從備份檔 _~/wipefs-sdb-0x00000438.bak_ 還原 ext2 簽名。" #. type: Title = #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "chrt(1)" msgstr "chrt(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:38 msgid "chrt - manipulate the real-time attributes of a process" msgstr "chrt - 操作處理程序的即時屬性" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:42 msgid "*chrt* [options] [_priority_] _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "*chrt* [options] [_priority_] _command_ [_argument_...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:44 msgid "*chrt --pid* [options] [_priority_] _PID_" msgstr "*chrt --pid* [options] [_priority_] _PID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:48 msgid "*chrt* sets or retrieves the real-time scheduling attributes of an existing _PID_, or runs _command_ with the given attributes." msgstr "*chrt* 設定或取得既有 _PID_ 的即時排程屬性，或以給定屬性執行 _command_。" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "POLICY OPTIONS" msgstr "政策選項" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--other*" msgstr "*-o*, *--other*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:53 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_OTHER* (time-sharing scheduling). This is the default Linux scheduling policy. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero." msgstr "將排程政策設為 *SCHED_OTHER*（分時排程）。這是 Linux 的預設排程政策。自 util-linux v2.42 起，優先權參數為選擇性；若指定，必須設為零。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--fifo*" msgstr "*-f*, *--fifo*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:56 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_FIFO* (first in-first out)." msgstr "將排程政策設為 *SCHED_FIFO*（先進先出）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--rr*" msgstr "*-r*, *--rr*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:59 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_RR* (round-robin scheduling). When no policy is defined, the *SCHED_RR* is used as the default." msgstr "將排程政策設為 *SCHED_RR*（循環排程）。當未定義任何政策時，預設使用 *SCHED_RR*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:60 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:29 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--batch*" msgstr "*-b*, *--batch*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:62 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_BATCH* (scheduling batch processes). Linux-specific, supported since 2.6.16. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero." msgstr "將排程政策設為 *SCHED_BATCH*（批次處理程序排程）。此為 Linux 特有，自 2.6.16 起支援。自 util-linux v2.42 起，優先權參數為選擇性；若指定，必須設為零。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--idle*" msgstr "*-i*, *--idle*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:65 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_IDLE* (scheduling very low priority jobs). Linux-specific, supported since 2.6.23. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero." msgstr "將排程策略設為 *SCHED_IDLE*（排程極低優先權的工作）。僅 Linux 支援，自 2.6.23 起提供。自 util-linux v2.42 起，優先權引數為選擇性；若有指定，必須設為零。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--deadline*" msgstr "*-d*, *--deadline*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:68 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_DEADLINE* (sporadic task model deadline scheduling). Linux-specific, supported since 3.14. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero. See also *--sched-runtime*, *--sched-deadline* and *--sched-period*. The relation between the options required by the kernel is runtime <= deadline <= period. *chrt* copies _period_ to _deadline_ if *--sched-deadline* is not specified and _deadline_ to _runtime_ if *--sched-runtime* is not specified. It means that at least *--sched-period* has to be specified. See *sched*(7) for more details." msgstr "將排程策略設為 *SCHED_DEADLINE*（零星工作模型（sporadic task model）的期限排程）。僅 Linux 支援，自 3.14 起提供。自 util-linux v2.42 起，優先權引數為選擇性；若有指定，必須設為零。另請參閱 *--sched-runtime*、*--sched-deadline* 與 *--sched-period*。核心所要求選項之間的關係為 runtime <= deadline <= period。若未指定 *--sched-deadline*，*chrt* 會將 _period_ 複製到 _deadline_；若未指定 *--sched-runtime*，則將 _deadline_ 複製到 _runtime_。這表示至少必須指定 *--sched-period*。詳情請參閱 *sched*(7)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--ext*" msgstr "*-e*, *--ext*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:71 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_EXT* (BPF program-defined scheduling). Linux-specific, supported since 6.12. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero." msgstr "將排程策略設為 *SCHED_EXT*（BPF 程式定義的排程）。僅 Linux 支援，自 6.12 起提供。自 util-linux v2.42 起，優先權引數為選擇性；若有指定，必須設為零。" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "SCHEDULING OPTIONS" msgstr "排程選項" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--sched-runtime* _nanoseconds_" msgstr "*-T*, *--sched-runtime* _nanoseconds_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:76 msgid "Specifies runtime parameter for *SCHED_DEADLINE* and custom slice length for *SCHED_OTHER* and *SCHED_BATCH* policies (Linux-specific). Note that custom slice length via the runtime parameter is supported since Linux 6.12." msgstr "指定 *SCHED_DEADLINE* 的執行時間參數，以及 *SCHED_OTHER* 與 *SCHED_BATCH* 策略的自訂切片長度（僅 Linux）。請注意，透過執行時間參數指定自訂切片長度自 Linux 6.12 起才受支援。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--sched-period* _nanoseconds_" msgstr "*-P*, *--sched-period* _nanoseconds_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:79 msgid "Specifies period parameter for *SCHED_DEADLINE* policy (Linux-specific). Note that the kernel's lower limit is 100 microseconds." msgstr "指定 *SCHED_DEADLINE* 策略的週期參數（僅 Linux）。請注意，核心的下限為 100 微秒。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-D*, *--sched-deadline* _nanoseconds_" msgstr "*-D*, *--sched-deadline* _nanoseconds_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:82 msgid "Specifies deadline parameter for *SCHED_DEADLINE* policy (Linux-specific)." msgstr "指定 *SCHED_DEADLINE* 策略的期限參數（僅 Linux）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:83 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-R*, *--reset-on-fork*" msgstr "*-R*, *--reset-on-fork*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:85 msgid "Use *SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK* or *SCHED_FLAG_RESET_ON_FORK* flag. Linux-specific, supported since 2.6.31." msgstr "使用 *SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK* 或 *SCHED_FLAG_RESET_ON_FORK* 旗標。僅 Linux 支援，自 2.6.31 起提供。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:87 msgid "Each thread has a _reset-on-fork_ scheduling flag. When this flag is set, children created by *fork*(2) do not inherit privileged scheduling policies. After the _reset-on-fork_ flag has been enabled, it can be reset only if the thread has the *CAP_SYS_NICE* capability. This flag is disabled in child processes created by *fork*(2)." msgstr "每個執行緒都有一個 _reset-on-fork_ 排程旗標。當此旗標被設定時，由 *fork*(2) 建立的子處理程序不會繼承特權排程策略。_reset-on-fork_ 旗標啟用後，只有在執行緒具備 *CAP_SYS_NICE* 能力時才能重設。由 *fork*(2) 建立的子處理程序中，此旗標為停用狀態。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:89 msgid "More precisely, if the _reset-on-fork_ flag is set, the following rules apply for subsequently created children:" msgstr "更具體地說，若設定了 _reset-on-fork_ 旗標，以下規則適用於其後建立的子處理程序：" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:91 msgid "If the calling thread has a scheduling policy of *SCHED_FIFO* or *SCHED_RR*, the policy is reset to *SCHED_OTHER* in child processes." msgstr "若呼叫執行緒的排程策略為 *SCHED_FIFO* 或 *SCHED_RR*，則子處理程序中的策略會被重設為 *SCHED_OTHER*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:93 msgid "If the calling process has a negative nice value, the nice value is reset to zero in child processes." msgstr "若呼叫處理程序具有負的 nice 值，則子處理程序中的 nice 值會被重設為零。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:96 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:72 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--all-tasks*" msgstr "*-a*, *--all-tasks*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:98 msgid "Set or retrieve the scheduling attributes of all the tasks (threads) for a given PID." msgstr "設定或取得指定 PID 的所有工作（執行緒）之排程屬性。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--max*" msgstr "*-m*, *--max*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:101 msgid "Show minimum and maximum valid priorities, then exit." msgstr "顯示最小與最大有效優先權，然後結束。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:104 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:81 msgid "Operate on an existing PID and do not launch a new task." msgstr "在現有的 PID 上操作，且不啟動新工作。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:107 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:90 msgid "Show status information." msgstr "顯示狀態資訊。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:113 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:96 #, no-wrap msgid "The default behavior is to run a new command{colon}" msgstr "預設行為是執行新命令{colon}" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:116 msgid "*chrt* _priority_ _command_ [_arguments_]" msgstr "*chrt* _priority_ _command_ [_arguments_]" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:118 #, no-wrap msgid "You can also retrieve the real-time attributes of an existing task{colon}" msgstr "您也可以取得現有工作的即時屬性{colon}" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:121 msgid "*chrt --pid* _PID_" msgstr "*chrt --pid* _PID_" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:123 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "Or set them{colon}" msgstr "或加以設定{colon}" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:126 msgid "*chrt --pid* _policy-option priority PID_" msgstr "*chrt --pid* _policy-option priority PID_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "For example, to set the scheduling policy to *SCHED_RR* (round-robin) and the priority to *30* for process *1234*{colon}" msgstr "例如，要為處理程序 *1234* 設定排程策略為 *SCHED_RR*（輪詢）並將優先權設為 *30*{colon}" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:130 msgid "*chrt --pid -r 30 1234*" msgstr "*chrt --pid -r 30 1234*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "Reset priorities to default for a process{colon}" msgstr "將處理程序的優先權重設為預設值{colon}" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:134 msgid "*chrt --pid -o 0* _PID_" msgstr "*chrt --pid -o 0* _PID_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:135 #, no-wrap msgid "Set a custom slice of 1 ms for a *SCHED_OTHER* task (priority is optional for policies other than *SCHED_FIFO* and *SCHED_RR*){colon}" msgstr "為 *SCHED_OTHER* 工作設定 1 ms 的自訂切片（對於 *SCHED_FIFO* 與 *SCHED_RR* 以外的策略，優先權為選擇性）{colon}" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:138 msgid "*chrt --pid -o -T 1000000* _PID_" msgstr "*chrt --pid -o -T 1000000* _PID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:140 msgid "See *sched*(7) for a detailed discussion of the different scheduler classes and how they interact." msgstr "有關不同排程器類別及其互動方式的詳細討論，請參閱 *sched*(7)。" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:141 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:95 #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:106 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:111 #, no-wrap msgid "PERMISSIONS" msgstr "權限" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:144 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:114 msgid "A user must possess *CAP_SYS_NICE* to change the scheduling attributes of a process. Any user can retrieve the scheduling information." msgstr "使用者必須具備 *CAP_SYS_NICE* 才能變更處理程序的排程屬性。任何使用者都可以取得排程資訊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:148 msgid "Only *SCHED_FIFO*, *SCHED_OTHER* and *SCHED_RR* are part of POSIX 1003.1b Process Scheduling. The other scheduling attributes may be ignored on some systems." msgstr "只有 *SCHED_FIFO*、*SCHED_OTHER* 與 *SCHED_RR* 屬於 POSIX 1003.1b 處理程序排程的一部分。其他排程屬性在某些系統上可能被忽略。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:150 msgid "Linux' default scheduling policy is *SCHED_OTHER*." msgstr "Linux 的預設排程策略是 *SCHED_OTHER*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:155 msgid "mailto:rml@tech9.net[Robert Love], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:rml@tech9.net[Robert Love], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:162 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:137 msgid "*nice*(1), *renice*(1), *taskset*(1), *sched*(7)" msgstr "*nice*(1), *renice*(1), *taskset*(1), *sched*(7)" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:164 msgid "See *sched_setscheduler*(2) for a description of the Linux scheduling scheme." msgstr "關於 Linux 排程架構的說明，請參閱 *sched_setscheduler*(2)。" #. type: Title = #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:3 #, no-wrap msgid "coresched(1)" msgstr "coresched(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:15 msgid "coresched - manage core scheduling cookies for tasks" msgstr "coresched - 管理工作之核心排程 cookie" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:19 msgid "*{command}* [*get*] [*-s* _pid_]" msgstr "*{command}* [*get*] [*-s* _pid_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:21 msgid "*{command}* *new* [*-t* _type_] *-d* _pid_" msgstr "*{command}* *new* [*-t* _type_] *-d* _pid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:23 msgid "*{command}* *new* [*-t* _type_] \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "*{command}* *new* [*-t* _type_] \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:25 msgid "*{command}* *copy* [*-s* _pid_] [*-t* _type_] *-d* _pid_" msgstr "*{command}* *copy* [*-s* _pid_] [*-t* _type_] *-d* _pid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:27 msgid "*{command}* *copy* [*-s* _pid_] [*-t* _type_] \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "*{command}* *copy* [*-s* _pid_] [*-t* _type_] \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:30 msgid "The *{command}* command is used to retrieve or modify the core scheduling cookies of a running process given its _pid_, or to spawn a new _command_ with core scheduling cookies." msgstr "*{command}* 命令用於在給定 _pid_ 時取得或修改執行中處理程序的核心排程 cookie，或以核心排程 cookie 啟動新的 _command_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:34 msgid "Core scheduling permits the definition of groups of tasks that are allowed to share a physical core. This is done by assigning a cookie to each task. Only tasks have the same cookie are allowed to be scheduled on the same physical core." msgstr "核心排程（core scheduling）允許定義可共用實體核心的工作群組。做法是將 cookie 指派給每個工作。只有具有相同 cookie 的工作才允許排程在相同的實體核心上。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:36 msgid "It is possible to either assign a new random cookie to a task, or copy a cookie from another task. It is not possible to choose the value of the cookie." msgstr "可以為工作指派新的隨機 cookie，或從另一個工作複製 cookie。無法選擇 cookie 的值。" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:37 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "FUNCTIONS" msgstr "函式" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "*get*" msgstr "*get*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:41 msgid "Retrieve the core scheduling cookie of the PID specified in *-s*. If *-s* is omitted, it will get the cookie of the current *{command}* process." msgstr "取得 *-s* 指定之 PID 的核心排程 cookie。若省略 *-s*，則取得目前 *{command}* 處理程序的 cookie。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*new*" msgstr "*new*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:44 msgid "Assign a new cookie to an existing PID specified in *-d*, or execute _command_ with a new cookie." msgstr "為 *-d* 指定的既有 PID 指派新的 cookie，或以新 cookie 執行 _command_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*copy*" msgstr "*copy*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:48 msgid "Copy the cookie from an existing PID (*-s*) to another PID (*-d*), or execute _command_ with that cookie. If *-s* is omitted, it will get the cookie of the current *{command}* process." msgstr "將 cookie 從既有的 PID（*-s*）複製到另一個 PID（*-d*），或以該 cookie 執行 _command_。若省略 *-s*，則取得目前 *{command}* 處理程序的 cookie。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:50 msgid "If no function is specified, it will run the *get* function." msgstr "若未指定任何函式，將執行 *get* 函式。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--source* _PID_" msgstr "*-s*, *--source* _PID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:55 msgid "Which _PID_ to get the cookie from. If this option is omitted, it will get the cookie from the current *{command}* process." msgstr "要從哪個 _PID_ 取得 cookie。若省略此選項，則從目前 *{command}* 處理程序取得 cookie。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dest* _PID_" msgstr "*-d*, *--dest* _PID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:58 msgid "Which _PID_ to modify the cookie of." msgstr "要修改其 cookie 的 _PID_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--dest-type* _TYPE_" msgstr "*-t*, *--dest-type* _TYPE_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:61 msgid "The type of the PID whose cookie will be modified. This can be one of three values:" msgstr "要被修改 cookie 之 PID 的類型。可以是下列三種值之一：" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:62 msgid "*pid*, or process ID" msgstr "*pid*，或處理程序 ID" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:63 msgid "*tgid*, or thread group ID (default value)" msgstr "*tgid*，或執行緒群組 ID（預設值）" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:64 msgid "*pgid*, or process group ID" msgstr "*pgid*，或處理程序群組 ID" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:67 msgid "Show extra information when modifying cookies of tasks." msgstr "修改工作的 cookie 時顯示額外資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "Get the core scheduling cookie of the {command} task itself, usually inherited from its parent{colon}" msgstr "取得 {command} 工作本身的核心排程 cookie，通常繼承自其父處理程序{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:73 msgid "*{command} get*" msgstr "*{command} get*" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "Get the core scheduling cookie of a task with PID _123_{colon}" msgstr "取得 PID 為 _123_ 的工作之核心排程 cookie{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:76 msgid "*{command} get -s* _123_" msgstr "*{command} get -s* _123_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "Give a task with PID _123_ a new core scheduling cookie{colon}" msgstr "給予 PID 為 _123_ 的工作一個新的核心排程 cookie{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:79 msgid "*{command} new -d* _123_" msgstr "*{command} new -d* _123_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "Spawn a new task with a new core scheduling cookie{colon}" msgstr "以新的核心排程 cookie 啟動新工作{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:82 msgid "*{command} new* \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "*{command} new* \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "Copy the cookie from the current {command} process another task with pid _456_{colon}" msgstr "將 cookie 從目前的 {command} 處理程序複製到 pid 為 _456_ 的另一個工作{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:85 msgid "*{command} copy -d* _456_" msgstr "*{command} copy -d* _456_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "Copy the cookie from a task with pid _123_ to another task with pid _456_{colon}" msgstr "將 cookie 從 pid 為 _123_ 的工作複製到 pid 為 _456_ 的另一個工作{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:88 msgid "*{command} copy -s* _123_ *-d* _456_" msgstr "*{command} copy -s* _123_ *-d* _456_" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "Copy the cookie from a task with pid _123_ to a new task _command_{colon}" msgstr "將 cookie 從 pid 為 _123_ 的工作複製到新工作 _command_{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:91 msgid "*{command} copy -s* _123_ \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "*{command} copy -s* _123_ \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "Copy the cookie from a task with pid _123_ to the process group ID _456_{colon}" msgstr "將 cookie 從 pid 為 _123_ 的工作複製到處理程序群組 ID _456_{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:94 msgid "*{command} copy -s* _123_ *-t* _pgid_ *-d* _456_" msgstr "*{command} copy -s* _123_ *-t* _pgid_ *-d* _456_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:98 msgid "Retrieving or modifying the core scheduling cookie of a process requires *PTRACE_MODE_READ_REALCREDS* ptrace access to that process. See the section \"Ptrace access mode checking\" in *ptrace*(2) for more information." msgstr "取得或修改處理程序的核心排程 cookie，需要對該處理程序具備 *PTRACE_MODE_READ_REALCREDS* ptrace 存取權。更多資訊請參閱 *ptrace*(2) 中的「Ptrace 存取模式檢查」一節。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:102 msgid "On success, *{command}* returns 0. If *{command}* fails, it will print an error and return 1." msgstr "成功時，*{command}* 會傳回 0。若 *{command}* 失敗，則會列印錯誤並傳回 1。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:104 msgid "If a _command_ is being executed, the return value of *{command}* will be the return value of _command_." msgstr "若正在執行 _command_，*{command}* 的傳回值將是 _command_ 的傳回值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:108 msgid "*{command}* requires core scheduling support in the kernel. This can be enabled via the *CONFIG_SCHED_CORE* kernel config option." msgstr "*{command}* 需要核心支援核心排程。可透過 *CONFIG_SCHED_CORE* 核心組態選項啟用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:112 msgid "mailto:thijs@raymakers.nl[Thijs Raymakers], mailto:pauld@redhat.com[Phil Auld]" msgstr "mailto:thijs@raymakers.nl[Thijs Raymakers], mailto:pauld@redhat.com[Phil Auld]" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:113 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:149 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:76 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:139 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:129 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:83 #: ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "COPYRIGHT" msgstr "版權" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:116 msgid "Copyright {copyright} 2024 Thijs Raymakers and Phil Auld. This is free software licensed under the EUPL." msgstr "Copyright {copyright} 2024 Thijs Raymakers 與 Phil Auld。這是採用 EUPL 授權的自由軟體。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:124 msgid "*chrt*(1), *nice*(1), *renice*(1), *taskset*(1), *ptrace*(2), *sched*(7)" msgstr "*chrt*(1), *nice*(1), *renice*(1), *taskset*(1), *ptrace*(2), *sched*(7)" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:126 msgid "The Linux kernel source files _Documentation/admin-guide/hw-vuln/core-scheduling.rst_" msgstr "Linux 核心原始檔 _Documentation/admin-guide/hw-vuln/core-scheduling.rst_" #. type: Title = #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "ionice(1)" msgstr "ionice(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:13 msgid "ionice - set or get process I/O scheduling class and priority" msgstr "ionice - 設定或取得處理程序 I/O 排程類別與優先權" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:17 msgid "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] *-p* _PID_" msgstr "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] *-p* _PID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:19 msgid "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] *-P* _PGID_" msgstr "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] *-P* _PGID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:21 msgid "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] *-u* _UID_" msgstr "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] *-u* _UID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:23 msgid "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] _command_ [argument] ..." msgstr "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] _command_ [argument] ..." #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:27 msgid "This program sets or gets the I/O scheduling class and priority for a program. If no arguments or just *-p* is given, *ionice* will query the current I/O scheduling class and priority for that process." msgstr "此程式可設定或取得程式的 I/O 排程類別與優先權。若未提供任何引數或只提供 *-p*，*ionice* 將查詢該處理程序目前的 I/O 排程類別與優先權。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:29 msgid "When _command_ is given, *ionice* will run this command with the given arguments. If no _class_ is specified, then _command_ will be executed with the \"best-effort\" scheduling class. The default priority level is 4." msgstr "當提供 _command_ 時，*ionice* 會以給定的引數執行此命令。若未指定 _class_，則 _command_ 將以「best-effort（盡力）」排程類別執行。預設優先權等級為 4。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:31 msgid "As of this writing, a process can be in one of three scheduling classes:" msgstr "截至目前為止，處理程序可以處於下列三種排程類別之一：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:32 #, no-wrap msgid "*Idle*" msgstr "*Idle*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:34 msgid "A program running with idle I/O priority will only get disk time when no other program has asked for disk I/O for a defined grace period. The impact of an idle I/O process on normal system activity should be zero. This scheduling class does not take a priority argument. Presently, this scheduling class is permitted for an ordinary user (since kernel 2.6.25)." msgstr "以閒置 I/O 優先權執行的程式，只會在沒有其他程式於定義的寬限期內要求磁碟 I/O 時才取得磁碟時間。閒置 I/O 處理程序對正常系統活動的影響應為零。此排程類別不接受優先權引數。目前，此排程類別允許一般使用者使用（自核心 2.6.25 起）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*Best-effort*" msgstr "*Best-effort*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:37 msgid "This is the effective scheduling class for any process that has not asked for a specific I/O priority. This class takes a priority argument from _0-7_, with a lower number being higher priority. Programs running at the same best-effort priority are served in a round-robin fashion." msgstr "這是任何未要求特定 I/O 優先權之處理程序的有效排程類別。此類別接受 _0-7_ 的優先權引數，數字越低優先權越高。以相同 best-effort 優先權執行的程式會以輪詢方式依序服務。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:39 msgid "Note that before kernel 2.6.26 a process that has not asked for an I/O priority formally uses \"*none*\" as scheduling class, but the I/O scheduler will treat such processes as if it were in the best-effort class. The priority within the best-effort class will be dynamically derived from the CPU nice level of the process: io_priority = (cpu_nice {plus} 20) / 5." msgstr "請注意，在核心 2.6.26 之前，未要求 I/O 優先權的處理程序形式上會以「*none*」作為排程類別，但 I/O 排程器會將這類處理程序視為位於 best-effort 類別。best-effort 類別內的優先權會由處理程序的 CPU nice 等級動態推導：io_priority = (cpu_nice {plus} 20) / 5。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:42 msgid "For kernels after 2.6.26 with the CFQ I/O scheduler, a process that has not asked for an I/O priority inherits its CPU scheduling class. The I/O priority is derived from the CPU nice level of the process (same as before kernel 2.6.26)." msgstr "對於使用 CFQ I/O 排程器的 2.6.26 之後的核心，未要求 I/O 優先權的處理程序會繼承其 CPU 排程類別。I/O 優先權由處理程序的 CPU nice 等級推導而來（與核心 2.6.26 之前相同）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*Realtime*" msgstr "*Realtime*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:45 msgid "The RT scheduling class is given first access to the disk, regardless of what else is going on in the system. Thus the RT class needs to be used with some care, as it can starve other processes. As with the best-effort class, 8 priority levels are defined denoting how big a time slice a given process will receive on each scheduling window. This scheduling class is not permitted for an ordinary (i.e., non-root) user." msgstr "RT 排程類別優先取得磁碟存取權，無論系統中還有什麼其他活動。因此 RT 類別需謹慎使用，因為它可能會餓死其他處理程序。與 best-effort 類別相同，定義了 8 個優先權等級，表示給定處理程序在每個排程視窗中會取得多大時間片段。此排程類別不允許一般（即非 root）使用者使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--class* _class_" msgstr "*-c*, *--class* _class_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:50 msgid "Specify the name or number of the scheduling class to use; `0` for none, `1` for realtime, `2` for best-effort, `3` for idle." msgstr "指定要使用之排程類別的名稱或編號；`0` 表示 none、`1` 表示 realtime、`2` 表示 best-effort、`3` 表示 idle。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--classdata* _level_" msgstr "*-n*, *--classdata* _level_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:53 msgid "Specify the scheduling class data. This only has an effect if the class accepts an argument. For realtime and best-effort, _0-7_ are valid data (priority levels), and `0` represents the highest priority level." msgstr "指定排程類別資料。僅在類別接受引數時才有效。對於 realtime 與 best-effort，_0-7_ 為有效資料（優先權等級），且 `0` 代表最高優先權等級。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pid* _PID_..." msgstr "*-p*, *--pid* _PID_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:56 msgid "Specify the process IDs of running processes for which to get or set the scheduling parameters." msgstr "指定要取得或設定排程參數之執行中處理程序的處理程序 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--pgid* _PGID_..." msgstr "*-P*, *--pgid* _PGID_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:59 msgid "Specify the process group IDs of running processes for which to get or set the scheduling parameters." msgstr "指定要取得或設定排程參數之執行中處理程序的處理程序群組 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--ignore*" msgstr "*-t*, *--ignore*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:62 msgid "Ignore failure to set the requested priority. If _command_ was specified, run it even in case it was not possible to set the desired scheduling priority, which can happen due to insufficient privileges or an old kernel version." msgstr "忽略無法設定所要求優先權的失敗。若指定了 _command_，即使因權限不足或核心版本過舊而無法設定所需的排程優先權，仍會執行 _command_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--uid* _UID_..." msgstr "*-u*, *--uid* _UID_..." #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:65 msgid "Specify the user IDs of running processes for which to get or set the scheduling parameters." msgstr "指定要取得或設定排程參數之執行中處理程序的使用者 ID。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:71 msgid "Linux supports I/O scheduling priorities and classes since 2.6.13 with the CFQ I/O scheduler." msgstr "Linux 自 2.6.13 起透過 CFQ I/O 排程器支援 I/O 排程優先權與類別。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:75 msgid "# *ionice* -c 3 -p 89" msgstr "# *ionice* -c 3 -p 89" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:77 msgid "Sets process with PID 89 as an idle I/O process." msgstr "將 PID 89 的處理程序設為閒置 I/O 處理程序。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:79 msgid "# *ionice* -c 2 -n 0 bash" msgstr "# *ionice* -c 2 -n 0 bash" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:81 msgid "Runs 'bash' as a best-effort program with highest priority." msgstr "以最高優先權將 'bash' 作為 best-effort 程式執行。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:83 msgid "# *ionice* -p 89 91" msgstr "# *ionice* -p 89 91" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:85 msgid "Prints the class and priority of the processes with PID 89 and 91." msgstr "列印 PID 89 與 91 的處理程序之類別與優先權。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:90 msgid "mailto:jens@axboe.dk[Jens Axboe], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:jens@axboe.dk[Jens Axboe], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:94 msgid "*ioprio_set*(2)" msgstr "*ioprio_set*(2)" #. type: Title = #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:25 #, no-wrap msgid "taskset(1)" msgstr "taskset(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:37 msgid "taskset - set or retrieve a process's CPU affinity" msgstr "taskset - 設定或取得處理程序的 CPU 親和性" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:41 msgid "*taskset* [options] _mask command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "*taskset* [options] _mask command_ [_argument_...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:43 msgid "*taskset* [options] *-p* [_mask_] _pid_" msgstr "*taskset* [options] *-p* [_mask_] _pid_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:47 msgid "The *taskset* command is used to set or retrieve the CPU affinity of a running process given its _pid_, or to launch a new _command_ with a given CPU affinity. CPU affinity is a scheduler property that \"bonds\" a process to a given set of CPUs on the system. The Linux scheduler will honor the given CPU affinity and the process will not run on any other CPUs. Note that the Linux scheduler also supports natural CPU affinity: the scheduler attempts to keep processes on the same CPU as long as practical for performance reasons. Therefore, forcing a specific CPU affinity is useful only in certain applications. The affinity of some processes like kernel per-CPU threads cannot be set." msgstr "*taskset* 命令用於設定或取得給定 _pid_ 之執行中處理程序的 CPU 親和性，或以給定 CPU 親和性啟動新的 _command_。CPU 親和性是排程器的一種屬性，會將處理程序「綁定」到系統上的一組給定 CPU。Linux 排程器會遵循給定的 CPU 親和性，處理程序不會在任何其他 CPU 上執行。請注意，Linux 排程器也支援自然 CPU 親和性：基於效能考量，排程器會在實際可行的情況下儘量讓處理程序停留在同一個 CPU 上。因此，強制指定特定 CPU 親和性只對特定應用有用。某些處理程序（如核心每 CPU 執行緒）的親和性無法設定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:49 msgid "The CPU affinity is represented as a bitmask, with the lowest order bit corresponding to the first logical CPU and the highest order bit corresponding to the last logical CPU. Not all CPUs may exist on a given system but a mask may specify more CPUs than are present. A retrieved mask will reflect only the bits that correspond to CPUs physically on the system. If an invalid mask is given (i.e., one that corresponds to no valid CPUs on the current system) an error is returned. The masks may be specified in hexadecimal (with or without a leading \"0x\"), or as a CPU list with the *--cpu-list* option. For example," msgstr "CPU 親和性以位元遮罩表示，最低位位元對應第一個邏輯 CPU，最高位位元對應最後一個邏輯 CPU。並非所有 CPU 都存在於給定系統中，但遮罩可以指定比實際存在更多的 CPU。取得的遮罩只會反映對應於系統上實際存在 CPU 的位元。若給定無效遮罩（即對應於目前系統上沒有任何有效 CPU 的遮罩），會傳回錯誤。遮罩可以十六進位（可有可無前置 \"0x\"）指定，或使用 *--cpu-list* 選項以 CPU 清單指定。例如：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*0x00000001*" msgstr "*0x00000001*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:52 msgid "is processor #0," msgstr "是處理器 #0，" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*0x00000003*" msgstr "*0x00000003*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:55 msgid "is processors #0 and #1," msgstr "是處理器 #0 和 #1，" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*FFFFFFFF*" msgstr "*FFFFFFFF*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:58 msgid "is processors #0 through #31," msgstr "是處理器 #0 到 #31，" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*0x32*" msgstr "*0x32*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:61 msgid "is processors #1, #4, and #5," msgstr "是處理器 #1、#4 和 #5，" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*--cpu-list 0-2,6*" msgstr "*--cpu-list 0-2,6*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:64 msgid "is processors #0, #1, #2, and #6." msgstr "是處理器 #0、#1、#2 和 #6。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*--cpu-list 0-10:2*" msgstr "*--cpu-list 0-10:2*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:67 msgid "is processors #0, #2, #4, #6, #8 and #10. The suffix \":N\" specifies stride in the range, for example 0-10:3 is interpreted as 0,3,6,9 list." msgstr "是處理器 #0、#2、#4、#6、#8 和 #10。後綴 \":N\" 指定範圍內的步距，例如 0-10:3 會被解讀為 0、3、6、9 的清單。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:69 msgid "When *taskset* returns, it is guaranteed that the given program has been scheduled to a legal CPU." msgstr "當 *taskset* 返回時，保證已將給定程式排程到合法的 CPU。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:74 msgid "Set or retrieve the CPU affinity of all the tasks (threads) for a given PID." msgstr "設定或取得指定 PID 的所有工作（執行緒）之 CPU 親和性。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--cpu-list*" msgstr "*-c*, *--cpu-list*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:77 msgid "Interpret _mask_ as numerical list of processors instead of a bitmask. Numbers are separated by commas and may include ranges. For example: *0,5,8-11*." msgstr "將 _mask_ 解讀為處理器的數值清單，而不是位元遮罩。數字以逗號分隔，且可以包含範圍。例如：*0,5,8-11*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:81 msgid "Operate on an existing PID and do not launch a new task. If PID is zero, then operate on the *taskset* process." msgstr "在現有的 PID 上操作，且不啟動新工作。若 PID 為零，則在 *taskset* 處理程序上操作。" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:84 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "USAGE" msgstr "用法" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:87 #, no-wrap msgid "The default behavior is to run a new command with a given affinity mask{colon}" msgstr "預設行為是以給定的親和性遮罩執行新命令{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:89 msgid "*taskset* _mask_ _command_ [_arguments_]" msgstr "*taskset* _mask_ _command_ [_arguments_]" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "You can also retrieve the CPU affinity of an existing task{colon}" msgstr "您也可以取得現有工作的 CPU 親和性{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:93 msgid "*taskset -p* _pid_" msgstr "*taskset -p* _pid_" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "Or set it{colon}" msgstr "或加以設定{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:97 msgid "*taskset -p* _mask pid_" msgstr "*taskset -p* _mask pid_" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "When a cpu-list is specified for an existing process, the *-p* and *-c* options must be grouped together{colon}" msgstr "當為現有處理程序指定 cpu-list 時，*-p* 與 *-c* 選項必須組合在一起{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:101 msgid "*taskset -pc* _cpu-list pid_" msgstr "*taskset -pc* _cpu-list pid_" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "The *--cpu-list* form is applicable only for launching new commands{colon}" msgstr "*--cpu-list* 形式僅適用於啟動新命令{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:105 msgid "*taskset --cpu-list* _cpu-list command_" msgstr "*taskset --cpu-list* _cpu-list command_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:109 msgid "A user can change the CPU affinity of a process belonging to the same user. A user must possess *CAP_SYS_NICE* to change the CPU affinity of a process belonging to another user. A user can retrieve the affinity mask of any process." msgstr "使用者可以變更屬於同一使用者之處理程序的 CPU 親和性。使用者必須具備 *CAP_SYS_NICE* 才能變更屬於其他使用者之處理程序的 CPU 親和性。使用者可以取得任何處理程序的親和性遮罩。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:113 msgid "*taskset* returns 0 in its affinity-getting mode as long as the provided PID exists." msgstr "只要提供的 PID 存在，*taskset* 在取得親和性模式下會傳回 0。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:115 msgid "*taskset* returns 0 in its affinity-setting mode as long as the underlying *sched_setaffinity*(2) system call does. The success of the command does not guarantee that the specified thread has actually migrated to the indicated CPU(s), but only that the thread will not migrate to a CPU outside the new affinity mask. For example, the affinity of the kernel thread kswapd can be set, but the thread may not immediately migrate and is not guaranteed to ever do so:" msgstr "*taskset* 只要底層的 *sched_setaffinity*(2) 系統呼叫成功，在設定親和性模式下就會傳回 0。命令成功並不保證指定的執行緒確實已遷移到指定的 CPU，只保證執行緒不會遷移到新親和性遮罩以外的 CPU。例如，核心執行緒 kswapd 的親和性可以設定，但執行緒可能不會立即遷移，也無法保證一定遷移：" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ps ax -o comm,psr,pid | grep kswapd\n" "kswapd0 4 82\n" "$ sudo taskset -p 1 82\n" "pid 82's current affinity mask: 1\n" "pid 82's new affinity mask: 1\n" "$ echo $?\n" "0\n" "$ ps ax -o comm,psr,pid | grep kswapd\n" "kswapd0 4 82\n" "$ taskset -p 82\n" "pid 82's current affinity mask: 1 +" msgstr "" "$ ps ax -o comm,psr,pid | grep kswapd\n" "kswapd0 4 82\n" "$ sudo taskset -p 1 82\n" "pid 82's current affinity mask: 1\n" "pid 82's new affinity mask: 1\n" "$ echo $?\n" "0\n" "$ ps ax -o comm,psr,pid | grep kswapd\n" "kswapd0 4 82\n" "$ taskset -p 82\n" "pid 82's current affinity mask: 1 +" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:129 msgid "In contrast, when the user specifies an illegal affinity, taskset will print an error and return 1:" msgstr "相對地，當使用者指定非法的親和性時，taskset 會列印錯誤並傳回 1：" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ps ax -o comm,psr,pid | grep ksoftirqd/0\n" "ksoftirqd/0 0 14\n" "$ sudo taskset -p 1 14\n" "pid 14's current affinity mask: 1\n" "taskset: failed to set pid 14's affinity: Invalid argument\n" "$ echo $?\n" "1 +" msgstr "" "$ ps ax -o comm,psr,pid | grep ksoftirqd/0\n" "ksoftirqd/0 0 14\n" "$ sudo taskset -p 1 14\n" "pid 14's current affinity mask: 1\n" "taskset: failed to set pid 14's affinity: Invalid argument\n" "$ echo $?\n" "1 +" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:141 msgid "Print the current CPU affinity as a list." msgstr "將目前的 CPU 親和性以清單形式列印。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:144 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ taskset -pc 0\n" "pid 1355988's current affinity list: 0-47 +" msgstr "" "$ taskset -pc 0\n" "pid 1355988's current affinity list: 0-47 +" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:148 msgid "Written by Robert M. Love." msgstr "由 Robert M. Love 撰寫。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {copyright} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:153 msgid "Copyright {copyright} 2004 Robert M. Love. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE." msgstr "Copyright {copyright} 2004 Robert M. Love。這是自由軟體；複製條件請參閱原始碼。本軟體不提供任何保證；甚至不保證適售性（MERCHANTABILITY）或特定用途的適用性（FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:161 msgid "*chrt*(1), *nice*(1), *renice*(1), *sched_getaffinity*(2), *sched_setaffinity*(2)" msgstr "*chrt*(1), *nice*(1), *renice*(1), *sched_getaffinity*(2), *sched_setaffinity*(2)" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:163 msgid "See *sched*(7) for a description of the Linux scheduling scheme." msgstr "關於 Linux 排程架構的說明，請參閱 *sched*(7)。" #. type: Title = #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "uclampset(1)" msgstr "uclampset(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:39 msgid "uclampset - manipulate the utilization clamping attributes of the system or a process" msgstr "uclampset - 操作系統或處理程序的利用率箝位屬性" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:43 msgid "*uclampset* [options] [*-m* _minimum_] [*-M* _maximum_] *-p* _PID_" msgstr "*uclampset* [options] [*-m* _minimum_] [*-M* _maximum_] *-p* _PID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:45 msgid "*uclampset* [options] [*-m* _minimum_] [*-M* _maximum_] _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "*uclampset* [options] [*-m* _minimum_] [*-M* _maximum_] _command_ [_argument_...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:49 msgid "*uclampset* sets or retrieves the utilization clamping attributes of an existing _PID_, or runs _command_ with the given attributes." msgstr "*uclampset* 可設定或取得既存 _PID_ 的利用率箝位屬性，或使用給定的屬性執行 _command_。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:51 msgid "Utilization clamping is a new feature added in v5.3. It gives a hint to the scheduler about the allowed range of utilization the task should be operating at." msgstr "利用率箝位是 5.3 版新增的功能。它向排程器提示該工作允許運作的利用率範圍。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:53 msgid "The utilization of the task affects frequency selection and task placement. Only schedutil cpufreq governor understands handling util clamp hints at the time of writing. Consult your kernel docs for further info about other cpufreq governors support." msgstr "工作的利用率會影響頻率選擇與工作置放。截至撰寫本文時，只有 schedutil cpufreq governor 了解如何處理 util clamp 提示。其他 cpufreq governor 的支援情況，請參閱您的核心文件。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:55 msgid "If you're running on asymmetric heterogeneous system like Arm's big.LITTLE. Utilization clamping can help bias task placement. If the task is boosted such that _util_min_ value is higher than the little cores' capacity, then the scheduler will do its best to place it on a big core." msgstr "若您在非對稱異質系統（如 Arm 的 big.LITTLE）上執行，利用率箝位有助於調整工作置放。若工作被提升到 _util_min_ 值高於小核心容量，排程器就會盡力將其置放在大核心上。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:57 msgid "Similarly, if _util_max_ is smaller than or equal the capacity of the little cores, then the scheduler can still choose to place it there even if the actual utilization of the task is at max." msgstr "同樣地，若 _util_max_ 小於或等於小核心的容量，則即使工作實際利用率已達上限，排程器仍可選擇將其置放在小核心上。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:59 msgid "Setting a task's _uclamp_min_ to a none zero value will effectively boost the task as when it runs it'll always start from this utilization value." msgstr "將工作的 _uclamp_min_ 設為非零值，實際上會提升（boost）該工作，因為它執行時總會從這個利用率值開始。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:61 msgid "By setting a task's _uclamp_max_ below 1024, this will effectively cap the task as when it runs it'll never be able to go above this utilization value." msgstr "將工作的 _uclamp_max_ 設低於 1024，實際上是限制該工作，因為它執行時永遠不會超過這個利用率值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:63 msgid "The full utilization range is: [0:1024]. The special value -1 is used to reset to system's default." msgstr "完整的利用率範圍為：[0:1024]。特殊值 -1 用於重設為系統的預設值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:65 msgid "Consult latest kernel documentation for more details:" msgstr "如需更多詳細資訊，請參閱最新的核心文件：" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "\thttps://kernel.org/doc/html/latest/scheduler/sched-util-clamp.html\n" msgstr "\thttps://kernel.org/doc/html/latest/scheduler/sched-util-clamp.html\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:72 msgid "Set _util_min_ value." msgstr "設定 _util_min_ 值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:75 msgid "Set _util_max_ value." msgstr "設定 _util_max_ 值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:78 msgid "Set or retrieve the utilization clamping attributes of all the tasks (threads) for a given PID." msgstr "設定或取得指定 PID 的所有工作（執行緒）之利用率箝位屬性。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--system*" msgstr "*-s*, *--system*" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:84 msgid "Set or retrieve the system-wide utilization clamping attributes." msgstr "設定或取得系統範圍的利用率箝位屬性。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:87 msgid "Set *SCHED_FLAG_RESET_ON_FORK* flag." msgstr "設定 *SCHED_FLAG_RESET_ON_FORK* 旗標。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:98 msgid "*uclampset* _[-m uclamp_min]_ _[-M uclamp_max]_ _command_ [_arguments_]" msgstr "*uclampset* _[-m uclamp_min]_ _[-M uclamp_max]_ _command_ [_arguments_]" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:100 #, no-wrap msgid "You can also retrieve the utilization clamping attributes of an existing task{colon}" msgstr "您也可以取得現有工作的利用率箝位屬性{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:102 msgid "*uclampset -p* _PID_" msgstr "*uclampset -p* _PID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:106 msgid "*uclampset -p* _PID_ _[-m uclamp_min]_ _[-M uclamp_max]_" msgstr "*uclampset -p* _PID_ _[-m uclamp_min]_ _[-M uclamp_max]_" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "Or control the system-wide attributes{colon}" msgstr "或控制系統範圍的屬性{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:110 msgid "*uclampset -s* _[-m uclamp_min]_ _[-M uclamp_max]_" msgstr "*uclampset -s* _[-m uclamp_min]_ _[-M uclamp_max]_" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:118 msgid "The system wide utilization clamp attributes are there to control the _allowed_ range the tasks can use. By default both _uclamp_min_ and _uclamp_max_ are set to 1024. This means users can set the utilization clamp values for their task across the full range [0:1024]." msgstr "系統範圍的利用率箝位屬性用於控制工作可以使用之 _allowed_（允許）範圍。預設情況下，_uclamp_min_ 與 _uclamp_max_ 都設為 1024。這表示使用者可以在完整範圍 [0:1024] 內設定其工作的利用率箝位值。" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:120 #, no-wrap msgid "For example{colon}" msgstr "例如{colon}" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:122 msgid "*uclampset -s* `-m 512` `-M 700`" msgstr "*uclampset -s* `-m 512` `-M 700`" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:124 msgid "will prevent any task from being boosted higher than 512. And all tasks in the systems are capped to a utilization of 700. Effectively rendering the maximum performance of the system to 700." msgstr "這會防止任何工作被提升到高於 512。且系統中的所有工作都會被限制在 700 的利用率。實際上會將系統的最大效能呈現為 700。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:126 msgid "Consult your kernel docs for the exact expected behavior on that kernel." msgstr "在該核心上的確切預期行為，請參閱您的核心文件。" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:130 msgid "mailto:qyousef@layalina.io[Qais Yousef]" msgstr "mailto:qyousef@layalina.io[Qais Yousef]" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:139 msgid "See *sched_setscheduler*(2) and *sched_setattr*(2) for a description of the Linux scheduling scheme." msgstr "關於 Linux 排程架構的說明，請參閱 *sched_setscheduler*(2) 與 *sched_setattr*(2)。" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "adjtime_config(5)" msgstr "adjtime_config(5)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:12 msgid "adjtime_config - information about hardware clock setting and drift factor" msgstr "adjtime_config - 硬體時鐘設定與漂移因子的相關資訊" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:16 ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:53 msgid "_/etc/adjtime_" msgstr "_/etc/adjtime_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:20 msgid "The file _/etc/adjtime_ contains descriptive information about the hardware mode clock setting and clock drift factor. The file is read and write by *hwclock*(8); and read by programs like rtcwake to get RTC time mode." msgstr "檔案 _/etc/adjtime_ 包含硬體模式時鐘設定與時鐘漂移因子的描述性資訊。此檔案由 *hwclock*(8) 讀寫；並由 rtcwake 等程式讀取，以取得 RTC 時間模式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:22 msgid "The file is usually located in _/etc_, but tools like *hwclock*(8) or *rtcwake*(8) can use alternative location by command line options if write access to _/etc_ is unwanted. The default clock mode is \"UTC\" if the file is missing." msgstr "此檔案通常位於 _/etc_，但如果不想對 _/etc_ 寫入，*hwclock*(8) 或 *rtcwake*(8) 等工具可以透過命令列選項使用替代位置。若檔案不存在，預設時鐘模式為「UTC」。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:24 msgid "The Hardware Clock is usually not very accurate. However, much of its inaccuracy is completely predictable - it gains or loses the same amount of time every day. This is called systematic drift. The util *hwclock*(8) keeps the file _/etc/adjtime_, that keeps some historical information. For more details see \"*The Adjust Function*\" and \"*The Adjtime File*\" sections from *hwclock*(8) man page." msgstr "硬體時鐘通常不是非常準確。不過，其大部分的不準確都是完全可以預測的——它每天會快或慢相同的時間量。這稱為系統性漂移。工具 *hwclock*(8) 會維護檔案 _/etc/adjtime_，其中保存一些歷史資訊。更多詳細資訊請參閱 *hwclock*(8) 操作手冊的「*The Adjust Function*」與「*The Adjtime File*」章節。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:26 msgid "The _adjtime_ file is formatted in ASCII." msgstr "_adjtime_ 檔案以 ASCII 格式編寫。" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "First line" msgstr "第一行" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:30 msgid "Three numbers, separated by blanks:" msgstr "三個數字，以空白分隔：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*drift factor*" msgstr "*漂移因子*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:33 msgid "the systematic drift rate in seconds per day (floating point decimal)" msgstr "以每天每秒數表示的系統性漂移率（浮點十進位）" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*last adjust time*" msgstr "*上次調整時間*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:36 msgid "the resulting number of seconds since 1969 UTC of most recent adjustment or calibration (decimal integer)" msgstr "自 1969 UTC 以來最近一次調整或校正所累積的秒數（十進位整數）" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*adjustment status*" msgstr "*調整狀態*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:39 msgid "zero (for compatibility with *clock*(8)) as a floating point decimal" msgstr "零（為與 *clock*(8) 相容）以浮點十進位表示" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "Second line" msgstr "第二行" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*last calibration time*" msgstr "*上次校正時間*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:44 msgid "The resulting number of seconds since 1969 UTC of most recent calibration. Zero if there has been no calibration yet or it is known that any previous calibration is moot (for example, because the Hardware Clock has been found, since that calibration, not to contain a valid time). This is a decimal integer." msgstr "自 1969 UTC 以來最近一次校正所累積的秒數。若尚未進行任何校正，或已知任何先前的校正已無關緊要（例如，因為自那次校正以來已發現硬體時鐘不含有效時間），則為零。這是十進位整數。" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "Third line" msgstr "第三行" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*clock mode*" msgstr "*時鐘模式*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:49 msgid "Supported values are *UTC* or *LOCAL*. Tells whether the Hardware Clock is set to Coordinated Universal Time or local time. You can always override this value with options on the *hwclock*(8) command line." msgstr "支援的值為 *UTC* 或 *LOCAL*。表示硬體時鐘設為世界協調時間還是本地時間。您隨時可以透過 *hwclock*(8) 命令列的選項覆寫此值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:58 msgid "*hwclock*(8), *rtcwake*(8)" msgstr "*hwclock*(8), *rtcwake*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "blkdiscard(8)" msgstr "blkdiscard(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:12 msgid "blkdiscard - discard sectors on a device" msgstr "blkdiscard - 捨棄裝置上的磁區" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:16 msgid "*blkdiscard* [options] [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] _device_" msgstr "*blkdiscard* [options] [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:20 msgid "*blkdiscard* is used to discard device sectors. This is useful for solid-state drives (SSDs) and thinly-provisioned storage. Unlike *fstrim*(8), this command is used directly on the block device." msgstr "*blkdiscard* 用於捨棄裝置磁區。這對固態硬碟（SSD）與精簡配置的儲存空間很有用。與 *fstrim*(8) 不同，此命令直接使用於區塊裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:22 msgid "By default, *blkdiscard* will discard all blocks on the device. Options may be used to modify this behavior based on range or size, as explained below." msgstr "預設情況下，*blkdiscard* 會捨棄裝置上的所有區塊。可以使用選項依範圍或大小修改此行為，如下所述。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:24 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:22 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:23 msgid "The _device_ argument is the pathname of the block device." msgstr "_device_ 引數是區塊裝置的路徑名稱。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:26 msgid "*WARNING: All data in the discarded region on the device will be lost!*" msgstr "*警告：裝置上被捨棄區域內的所有資料都會遺失！*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:28 msgid "Since util-linux v2.41, *fdisk* has the ability to discard sectors on both partitions and unpartitioned areas using the 'T' command. Additionally, *sfdisk* has the option --discard-free to discard unpartitioned areas." msgstr "自 util-linux v2.41 起，*fdisk* 可以使用 'T' 命令捨棄分割區與未分割區的磁區。此外，*sfdisk* 具有 --discard-free 選項，可用於捨棄未分割區的區域。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:32 msgid "The _offset_ and _length_ arguments may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\") or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB." msgstr "_offset_ 與 _length_ 引數後面可加上乘數後綴 KiB（=1024）、MiB（=1024*1024），GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB 依此類推（「iB」為選擇性，例如「K」與「KiB」意義相同），或後綴 KB（=1000）、MB（=1000*1000），GB、TB、PB、EB、ZB 與 YB 依此類推。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:35 msgid "Disable all checking. Since v2.36 the block device is open in exclusive mode (*O_EXCL*) by default to avoid collision with mounted filesystem or another kernel subsystem. The *--force* option disables the exclusive access mode." msgstr "停用所有檢查。自 v2.36 起，區塊裝置預設以獨佔模式（*O_EXCL*）開啟，以避免與已掛載的檔案系統或其他核心子系統衝突。*--force* 選項會停用獨佔存取模式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:38 msgid "Byte offset into the device from which to start discarding. The provided value must be aligned to the device sector size. The default value is zero." msgstr "裝置上起始捨棄的位元組偏移。提供的值必須對齊裝置的磁區大小。預設值為零。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:41 msgid "The number of bytes to discard (counting from the starting point). The provided value must be aligned to the device sector size. If the specified value extends past the end of the device, *blkdiscard* will stop at the device size boundary. The default value extends to the end of the device." msgstr "要捨棄的位元組數（從起始點算起）。提供的值必須對齊裝置的磁區大小。若指定值延伸到裝置結尾之外，*blkdiscard* 會在裝置大小邊界處停止。預設值延伸到裝置結尾。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--step* _length_" msgstr "*-p*, *--step* _length_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:44 msgid "The number of bytes to discard within one iteration. The default is to discard all by one ioctl call." msgstr "單次疊代內要捨棄的位元組數。預設值是透過一次 ioctl 呼叫捨棄全部。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:47 msgid "Suppress warning messages." msgstr "抑制警告訊息。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--secure*" msgstr "*-s*, *--secure*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:50 msgid "Perform a secure discard. A secure discard is the same as a regular discard except that all copies of the discarded blocks that were possibly created by garbage collection must also be erased. This requires support from the device." msgstr "執行安全捨棄。安全捨棄與一般捨棄相同，差別在於可能由垃圾收集所建立的被捨棄區塊的所有複本也必須被清除。這需要裝置支援。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--zeroout*" msgstr "*-z*, *--zeroout*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:53 msgid "Zero-fill rather than discard." msgstr "以填零取代捨棄。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:56 msgid "Display the aligned values of _offset_ and _length_. If the *--step* option is specified, it prints the discard progress every second." msgstr "顯示 _offset_ 與 _length_ 的對齊值。若指定 *--step* 選項，則每秒列印一次捨棄進度。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:62 msgid "*blkdiscard* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "*blkdiscard* 具有下列結束狀態值：" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:68 msgid "failure; incorrect invocation, permissions or any other generic error" msgstr "失敗；呼叫方式錯誤、權限不足或任何其他一般錯誤" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:71 msgid "failure; since v2.39, the device does not support discard operation" msgstr "失敗；自 v2.39 起，裝置不支援捨棄操作" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:76 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:90 msgid "mailto:lczerner@redhat.com[Lukas Czerner], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:lczerner@redhat.com[Lukas Czerner], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:80 msgid "*fstrim*(8)" msgstr "*fstrim*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "blkzone(8)" msgstr "blkzone(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:12 msgid "blkzone - run zone command on a device" msgstr "blkzone - 在裝置上執行 zone 命令" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:16 msgid "*blkzone* _command_ [options] _device_" msgstr "*blkzone* _command_ [options] _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:20 msgid "*blkzone* is used to run zone command on device that support the Zoned Block Commands (ZBC) or Zoned-device ATA Commands (ZAC). The zones to operate on can be specified using the offset, count and length options." msgstr "*blkzone* 用於在支援 Zoned Block Commands（ZBC）或 Zoned-device ATA Commands（ZAC）的裝置上執行 zone 命令。要操作的 zone 可以使用 offset、count 與 length 選項指定。" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:25 #, no-wrap msgid "report" msgstr "report" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:28 msgid "The command *blkzone report* is used to report device zone information." msgstr "*blkzone report* 命令用於報告裝置 zone 資訊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:30 msgid "By default, the command will report all zones from the start of the block device. Options may be used to modify this behavior, changing the starting zone or the size of the report, as explained below." msgstr "預設情況下，此命令會從區塊裝置起始處報告所有 zone。可以使用選項修改此行為，變更起始 zone 或報告的大小，如下所述。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:32 msgid "Report output:" msgstr "Report 輸出：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "" " start Zone start sector\n" " len Zone length in number of sectors\n" " cap Zone capacity in number of sectors\n" " wptr Zone write pointer position\n" " reset Reset write pointer recommended\n" " non-seq Non-sequential write resources active\n" " cond Zone condition\n" " type Zone type\n" msgstr "" " start Zone start sector\n" " len Zone length in number of sectors\n" " cap Zone capacity in number of sectors\n" " wptr Zone write pointer position\n" " reset Reset write pointer recommended\n" " non-seq Non-sequential write resources active\n" " cond Zone condition\n" " type Zone type\n" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:44 msgid "Zone conditions:" msgstr "Zone 條件：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "" " cl Closed\n" " nw Not write pointer\n" " em Empty\n" " fu Full\n" " oe Explicitly opened\n" " oi Implicitly opened\n" " ol Offline\n" " ro Read only\n" " xN Reserved conditions (should not be reported)\n" msgstr "" " cl Closed\n" " nw Not write pointer\n" " em Empty\n" " fu Full\n" " oe Explicitly opened\n" " oi Implicitly opened\n" " ol Offline\n" " ro Read only\n" " xN Reserved conditions (should not be reported)\n" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "capacity" msgstr "capacity" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:59 msgid "The command *blkzone capacity* is used to report device capacity information." msgstr "*blkzone capacity* 命令用於報告裝置容量資訊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:61 msgid "By default, the command will report the sum, in number of sectors, of all zone capacities on the device. Options may be used to modify this behavior, changing the starting zone or the size of the report, as explained below." msgstr "預設情況下，此命令會以磁區數報告裝置上所有 zone 容量的總和。可以使用選項修改此行為，變更起始 zone 或報告的大小，如下所述。" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "reset" msgstr "reset" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:65 msgid "The command *blkzone reset* is used to reset one or more zones. Unlike *sg_reset_wp*(8), this command operates from the block layer and can reset a range of zones." msgstr "*blkzone reset* 命令用於重設一個或多個 zone。與 *sg_reset_wp*(8) 不同，此命令從區塊層操作，可以重設一段範圍的 zone。" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "open" msgstr "open" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:69 msgid "The command *blkzone open* is used to explicitly open one or more zones. Unlike *sg_zone*(8), open action, this command operates from the block layer and can open a range of zones." msgstr "*blkzone open* 命令用於明確開啟一個或多個 zone。與 *sg_zone*(8) 的 open 動作不同，此命令從區塊層操作，可以開啟一段範圍的 zone。" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "close" msgstr "close" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:73 msgid "The command *blkzone close* is used to close one or more zones. Unlike *sg_zone*(8), close action, this command operates from the block layer and can close a range of zones." msgstr "*blkzone close* 命令用於關閉一個或多個 zone。與 *sg_zone*(8) 的 close 動作不同，此命令從區塊層操作，可以關閉一段範圍的 zone。" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "finish" msgstr "finish" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:77 msgid "The command *blkzone finish* is used to finish (transition to full condition) one or more zones. Unlike *sg_zone*(8), finish action, this command operates from the block layer and can finish a range of zones." msgstr "*blkzone finish* 命令用於完成（轉變為 full 條件）一個或多個 zone。與 *sg_zone*(8) 的 finish 動作不同，此命令從區塊層操作，可以完成一段範圍的 zone。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:79 msgid "By default, the *reset*, *open*, *close* and *finish* commands will operate from the zone at device sector 0 and operate on all zones. Options may be used to modify this behavior as explained below." msgstr "預設情況下，*reset*、*open*、*close* 與 *finish* 命令會從裝置磁區 0 的 zone 開始操作，並對所有 zone 操作。可以使用選項修改此行為，如下所述。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:83 msgid "The _offset_ and _length_ option arguments may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\") or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB. Additionally, the 0x prefix can be used to specify _offset_ and _length_ in hex." msgstr "_offset_ 與 _length_ 選項引數後面可加上乘數後綴 KiB（=1024）、MiB（=1024*1024），GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB 依此類推（「iB」為選擇性，例如「K」與「KiB」意義相同），或後綴 KB（=1000）、MB（=1000*1000），GB、TB、PB、EB、ZB 與 YB 依此類推。此外，可以使用 0x 前置詞以十六進位指定 _offset_ 與 _length_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:84 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--offset* _sector_" msgstr "*-o*, *--offset* _sector_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:86 msgid "The starting zone specified as a sector offset. The provided offset in sector units (512 bytes) should match the start of a zone. The default value is zero." msgstr "以磁區偏移指定起始 zone。提供的偏移以磁區單位（512 位元組）表示，應符合某個 zone 的起點。預設值為零。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:87 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--length* _sectors_" msgstr "*-l*, *--length* _sectors_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:89 msgid "The maximum number of sectors the command should operate on. The default value is the number of sectors remaining after _offset_. This option cannot be used together with the option *--count*." msgstr "命令應操作的最大磁區數。預設值為 _offset_ 之後剩餘的磁區數。此選項不能與 *--count* 選項同時使用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:92 msgid "The maximum number of zones the command should operate on. The default value is the number of zones starting from _offset_. This option cannot be used together with the option *--length*." msgstr "命令應操作的最大 zone 數。預設值為從 _offset_ 開始的 zone 數。此選項不能與 *--length* 選項同時使用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:95 msgid "Enforce commands to change zone status on block devices used by the system." msgstr "強制命令在系統使用的區塊裝置上變更 zone 狀態。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:98 msgid "Display the number of zones returned in the report or the range of sectors reset." msgstr "顯示報告中傳回的 zone 數，或重設的磁區範圍。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:105 msgid "mailto:shaun@tancheff.com[Shaun Tancheff], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:shaun@tancheff.com[Shaun Tancheff], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:109 msgid "*sg_rep_zones*(8)" msgstr "*sg_rep_zones*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "blkpr(8)" msgstr "blkpr(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:12 msgid "blkpr - run a persistent-reservations command on a device" msgstr "blkpr - 在裝置上執行 persistent-reservations 命令" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:16 msgid "*blkpr* [options] _device_" msgstr "*blkpr* [options] _device_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:21 msgid "*blkpr* is used to run a persistent-reservations command on a device that supports the Persistent Reservations feature." msgstr "*blkpr* 用於在支援 Persistent Reservations 功能的裝置上執行 persistent-reservations 命令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:30 msgid "The command for managing persistent reservations. Supported commands are: *register*, *reserve*, *release*, *preempt*, *preempt-abort*, *clear*, *read-keys*, and *read-reservation*." msgstr "管理持久保留的命令。支援的命令有：*register*、*reserve*、*release*、*preempt*、*preempt-abort*、*clear*、*read-keys* 與 *read-reservation*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*-k*, *--key* _key_" msgstr "*-k*, *--key* _key_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:33 msgid "The key the command should operate on." msgstr "命令要操作的 key。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*-K*, *--oldkey* _oldkey_" msgstr "*-K*, *--oldkey* _oldkey_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:36 msgid "The old key the command should operate on." msgstr "命令要操作的舊 key。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--flag* _flag_" msgstr "*-f*, *--flag* _flag_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:39 msgid "Supported flag is *ignore-key*." msgstr "支援的旗標為 *ignore-key*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:43 msgid "Supported types are *write-exclusive*, *exclusive-access*, *write-exclusive-reg-only*, *exclusive-access-reg-only*, *write-exclusive-all-regs*, and *exclusive-access-all-regs*." msgstr "支援的類型有 *write-exclusive*、*exclusive-access*、*write-exclusive-reg-only*、*exclusive-access-reg-only*、*write-exclusive-all-regs* 與 *exclusive-access-all-regs*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:49 msgid "mailto:pizhenwei@bytedance.com[zhenwei pi]" msgstr "mailto:pizhenwei@bytedance.com[zhenwei pi]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:53 msgid "*sg_persist*(8)" msgstr "*sg_persist*(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:57 msgid "Linux documentation at: iSCSI specification at: NVMe-oF specification at: " msgstr "Linux documentation at: iSCSI specification at: NVMe-oF specification at: " #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "chcpu(8)" msgstr "chcpu(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:12 msgid "chcpu - configure CPUs" msgstr "chcpu - 組態化 CPU" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:16 msgid "*chcpu* *-c*|*-d*|*-e*|*-g* _cpu-list_" msgstr "*chcpu* *-c*|*-d*|*-e*|*-g* _cpu-list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:18 msgid "*chcpu* *-p* _mode_" msgstr "*chcpu* *-p* _mode_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:20 msgid "*chcpu* *-r*|*-h*|*-V*" msgstr "*chcpu* *-r*|*-h*|*-V*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:24 msgid "*chcpu* can modify the state of CPUs. It can enable or disable CPUs, scan for new CPUs, change the CPU dispatching _mode_ of the underlying hypervisor, and request CPUs from the hypervisor (configure) or return CPUs to the hypervisor (deconfigure)." msgstr "*chcpu* 可以修改 CPU 的狀態。它可以啟用或停用 CPU、掃描新 CPU、變更底層 hypervisor 的 CPU 派遣 _mode_（模式），以及向 hypervisor 要求 CPU（configure，組態）或將 CPU 還給 hypervisor（deconfigure，解除組態）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:26 msgid "Some options have a _cpu-list_ argument. Use this argument to specify a comma-separated list of CPUs. The list can contain individual CPU addresses or ranges of addresses. For example, *0,5,7,9-11* makes the command applicable to the CPUs with the addresses 0, 5, 7, 9, 10, and 11." msgstr "某些選項具有 _cpu-list_ 引數。使用此引數指定以逗號分隔的 CPU 清單。清單可以包含個別 CPU 位址或位址範圍。例如，*0,5,7,9-11* 使命令適用於位址為 0、5、7、9、10 與 11 的 CPU。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:29 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--configure* _cpu-list_" msgstr "*-c*, *--configure* _cpu-list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:31 msgid "Configure the specified CPUs. Configuring a CPU means that the hypervisor takes a CPU from the CPU pool and assigns it to the virtual hardware on which your kernel runs." msgstr "組態指定的 CPU。組態 CPU 表示 hypervisor 從 CPU 池中取出一個 CPU，並指派給您的核心執行所在的虛擬硬體。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:32 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--disable* _cpu-list_" msgstr "*-d*, *--disable* _cpu-list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:34 msgid "Disable the specified CPUs. Disabling a CPU means that the kernel sets it offline." msgstr "停用指定的 CPU。停用 CPU 表示核心將其設為離線。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--enable* _cpu-list_" msgstr "*-e*, *--enable* _cpu-list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:37 msgid "Enable the specified CPUs. Enabling a CPU means that the kernel sets it online. A CPU must be configured, see *-c*, before it can be enabled." msgstr "啟用指定的 CPU。啟用 CPU 表示核心將其設為線上。CPU 必須先組態（請參閱 *-c*）才能啟用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--deconfigure* _cpu-list_" msgstr "*-g*, *--deconfigure* _cpu-list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:40 msgid "Deconfigure the specified CPUs. Deconfiguring a CPU means that the hypervisor removes the CPU from the virtual hardware on which the Linux instance runs and returns it to the CPU pool. A CPU must be offline, see *-d*, before it can be deconfigured." msgstr "解除指定的 CPU 組態。解除組態 CPU 表示 hypervisor 從 Linux 執行個體執行所在的虛擬硬體中移除該 CPU，並將其還給 CPU 池。CPU 必須先離線（請參閱 *-d*）才能解除組態。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:42 msgid "*chcpu -g* is not supported on IBM z/VM, CPUs are always in a configured state." msgstr "*chcpu -g* 在 IBM z/VM 上不受支援，CPU 一律處於組態狀態。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:44 msgid "if *chcpu -g* is supported, any *disabled* CPUs should be *deconfigured* to inform the hypervisor that these CPUs won't be used, avoiding potential performance penalties." msgstr "若支援 *chcpu -g*，任何 *disabled*（停用）的 CPU 都應 *deconfigured*（解除組態），以告知 hypervisor 這些 CPU 不會被使用，避免潛在的效能損失。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--dispatch* _mode_" msgstr "*-p*, *--dispatch* _mode_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:47 msgid "Set the CPU dispatching _mode_ (polarization). This option has an effect only if your hardware architecture and hypervisor support CPU polarization. Available _modes_ are:" msgstr "設定 CPU 派遣 _mode_（極化，polarization）。此選項只有在您的硬體架構與 hypervisor 支援 CPU 極化時才有效。可用的 _modes_ 有：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*horizontal*" msgstr "*horizontal*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:50 msgid "The workload is spread across all available CPUs." msgstr "工作負載分散在所有可用的 CPU 上。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*vertical*" msgstr "*vertical*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:53 msgid "The workload is concentrated on few CPUs." msgstr "工作負載集中在少數幾個 CPU 上。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--rescan*" msgstr "*-r*, *--rescan*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:56 msgid "Trigger a rescan of CPUs. After a rescan, the Linux kernel recognizes the new CPUs. Use this option on systems that do not automatically detect newly attached CPUs." msgstr "觸發 CPU 重新掃描。重新掃描後，Linux 核心會辨識新的 CPU。在無法自動偵測新附加 CPU 的系統上使用此選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:62 msgid "*chcpu* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "*chcpu* 具有下列結束狀態值：" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:71 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:91 msgid "partial success" msgstr "部分成功" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:75 msgid "mailto:heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com[Heiko Carstens]" msgstr "mailto:heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com[Heiko Carstens]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:79 msgid "Copyright IBM Corp. 2011" msgstr "Copyright IBM Corp. 2011" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:83 msgid "*lscpu*(1)" msgstr "*lscpu*(1)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "chmem(8)" msgstr "chmem(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:12 msgid "chmem - configure memory" msgstr "chmem - 組態化記憶體" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:16 msgid "*chmem* [*-h*] [*-V*] [*-v*] [*-c*|*-e*|*-d*|*-g*] [_SIZE_|_RANGE_|*-b* _BLOCKRANGE_] [*-z* _ZONE_] [*-m* _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_]" msgstr "*chmem* [*-h*] [*-V*] [*-v*] [*-c*|*-e*|*-d*|*-g*] [_SIZE_|_RANGE_|*-b* _BLOCKRANGE_] [*-z* _ZONE_] [*-m* _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:20 msgid "The *chmem* command sets a particular size or range of memory online or offline." msgstr "*chmem* 命令會將特定大小或範圍的記憶體設為線上或離線。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:22 msgid "Specify _SIZE_ as [m|M|g|G]. With m or M, specifies the memory size in MiB (1024 x 1024 bytes). With g or G, specifies the memory size in GiB (1024 x 1024 x 1024 bytes). The default unit is MiB." msgstr "以 [m|M|g|G] 指定 _SIZE_。使用 m 或 M 時， 以 MiB（1024 x 1024 位元組）指定記憶體大小。使用 g 或 G 時， 以 GiB（1024 x 1024 x 1024 位元組）指定記憶體大小。預設單位為 MiB。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:24 msgid "Specify _RANGE_ in the form 0x-0x as shown in the output of the *lsmem*(1) command. is the hexadecimal address of the first byte and is the hexadecimal address of the last byte in the memory range." msgstr "以 0x-0x 的形式指定 _RANGE_，如 *lsmem*(1) 命令的輸出所示。 是記憶體範圍中第一個位元組的十六進位位址， 是最後一個位元組的十六進位位址。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:26 msgid "Specify _BLOCKRANGE_ in the form - or as shown in the output of the *lsmem*(1) command. is the number of the first memory block and is the number of the last memory block in the memory range. Alternatively a single block can be specified. _BLOCKRANGE_ requires the *--blocks* option." msgstr "以 - 或 的形式指定 _BLOCKRANGE_，如 *lsmem*(1) 命令的輸出所示。 是記憶體範圍中第一個記憶體區塊的編號， 是最後一個記憶體區塊的編號。也可以指定單一區塊。_BLOCKRANGE_ 需要 *--blocks* 選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:28 msgid "Specify _ZONE_ as the name of a memory zone, as shown in the output of the *lsmem -o +ZONES* command. The output shows one or more valid memory zones for each memory range. If multiple zones are shown, then the memory range currently belongs to the first zone. By default, *chmem* will set memory online to the zone Movable, if this is among the valid zones. This default can be changed by specifying the *--zone* option with another valid zone. For memory ballooning, it is recommended to select the zone Movable for memory online and offline, if possible. Memory in this zone is much more likely to be able to be offlined again, but it cannot be used for arbitrary kernel allocations, only for migratable pages (e.g., anonymous and page cache pages). Use the *--help* option to see all available zones." msgstr "以記憶體 zone 的名稱指定 _ZONE_，如 *lsmem -o +ZONES* 命令的輸出所示。輸出會為每個記憶體範圍顯示一個或多個有效的記憶體 zone。若顯示多個 zone，則記憶體範圍目前屬於第一個 zone。預設情況下，若 Movable 位於有效 zone 之列，*chmem* 會選擇 Movable 作為將記憶體設為線上的 zone。可以透過 *--zone* 選項指定另一個有效 zone 來變更此預設值。對於記憶體氣球化（memory ballooning），建議在可能的情況下選擇 Movable zone 來做記憶體線上與離線。此 zone 中的記憶體更有可能可以再次離線，但不能用於任意核心配置，只能用於可遷移頁面（例如匿名頁面與頁面快取頁面）。使用 *--help* 選項可檢視所有可用的 zone。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:30 msgid "Specify _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_ as 1 or 0. A value of 1 allocates hotplug metadata (such as the struct pages array) from the hotplug memory itself, enabling hot-add operations even under memory pressure and without requiring additional system memory to do so. A value of 0 stores hotplugged memory metadata in regular system memory, which helps avoid issues related to fragmentation of continuous physical memory across memory blocks. The value can only be set when the memory block is in a deconfigured state, and *--memmap-on-memory* is valid only with *--configure*. If not specified, and if supported, *chmem* uses the default value shown in *lsmem* output." msgstr "以 1 或 0 指定 _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_。值為 1 時，會從熱插拔記憶體本身配置熱插拔中繼資料（例如 struct pages 陣列），即使處於記憶體壓力下也無需額外系統記憶體即可進行熱新增操作。值為 0 時，將熱插拔記憶體中繼資料儲存在一般系統記憶體中，有助於避免跨記憶體區塊的連續實體記憶體碎片化問題。此值只能在記憶體區塊處於解除組態狀態時設定，且 *--memmap-on-memory* 只能與 *--configure* 搭配使用。若未指定且受支援，*chmem* 會使用 *lsmem* 輸出中顯示的預設值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:32 msgid "The *--enable* option configures the memory, if this is supported by the architecture. If configuring memory is not supported by the architecture, *--enable* still brings the memory online." msgstr "若架構支援，*--enable* 選項會組態記憶體。若架構不支援組態記憶體，*--enable* 仍會將記憶體帶上線。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:34 msgid "The *--disable* option brings the memory offline and performs an optional deconfigure step if this is supported by the architecture." msgstr "若架構支援，*--disable* 選項會將記憶體帶離線，並在支援時執行選擇性的解除組態步驟。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:36 msgid "The *--configure* option requests memory from the hypervisor without bringing it online, when supported by the architecture, allowing explicit control and use of *--memmap-on-memory*." msgstr "若架構支援，*--configure* 選項會在不將記憶體帶上線的情況下向 hypervisor 要求記憶體，允許明確控制並使用 *--memmap-on-memory*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:38 msgid "The *--deconfigure* option returns memory resources to the hypervisor if supported by the architecture." msgstr "若架構支援，*--deconfigure* 選項會將記憶體資源還給 hypervisor。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:40 msgid "_SIZE_ and _RANGE_ must be aligned to the Linux memory block size, as shown in the output of the *lsmem*(1) command." msgstr "_SIZE_ 與 _RANGE_ 必須對齊 Linux 記憶體區塊大小，如 *lsmem*(1) 命令的輸出所示。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:42 msgid "Setting memory online can fail for various reasons. On virtualized systems it can fail if the hypervisor does not have enough memory left, for example because memory was overcommitted. Setting memory offline can fail if Linux cannot free the memory. If only part of the requested memory can be set online or offline, a message tells you how much memory was set online or offline instead of the requested amount." msgstr "將記憶體設為線上可能因各種原因失敗。在虛擬化系統上，若 hypervisor 剩餘記憶體不足就會失敗，例如因為記憶體超額配置。若 Linux 無法釋放記憶體，將記憶體設為離線可能失敗。若只能將所要求記憶體的一部分設為線上或離線，會有一則訊息告訴您實際設為線上或離線的記憶體量，而非要求量。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:44 msgid "When setting memory online or when configuring memory, *chmem* starts with the lowest memory block numbers. When setting memory offline or deconfiguring memory, *chmem* starts with the highest memory block numbers." msgstr "設定記憶體線上或組態記憶體時，*chmem* 從最小的記憶體區塊編號開始。設定記憶體離線或解除記憶體組態時，*chmem* 從最大的記憶體區塊編號開始。" #. type: Title == #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "ARCHITECTURE" msgstr "架構" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:48 msgid "s390 architecture:" msgstr "s390 架構：" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:50 msgid "_MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_: For memory blocks configured online at boot, the default value is 0 because they are added without memmap-on-memory support. Memory added dynamically at runtime uses the default value displayed in *lsmem* output." msgstr "_MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_：對於開機時組態為線上的記憶體區塊，預設值為 0，因為它們是在沒有 memmap-on-memory 支援的情況下新增的。執行時期動態新增的記憶體會使用 *lsmem* 輸出中顯示的預設值。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--blocks*" msgstr "*-b*, *--blocks*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:55 msgid "Use a _BLOCKRANGE_ parameter instead of _RANGE_ or _SIZE_ for the *--enable* and *--disable* options." msgstr "對於 *--enable* 與 *--disable* 選項，使用 _BLOCKRANGE_ 參數取代 _RANGE_ 或 _SIZE_。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--configure*" msgstr "*-c*, *--configure*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:58 msgid "Set the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory to be configured." msgstr "將指定的 _RANGE_、_SIZE_ 或 _BLOCKRANGE_ 記憶體設為要組態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--disable*" msgstr "*-d*, *--disable*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:61 msgid "Set the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory offline." msgstr "將指定的 _RANGE_、_SIZE_ 或 _BLOCKRANGE_ 記憶體設為離線。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--enable*" msgstr "*-e*, *--enable*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:64 msgid "Set the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory online." msgstr "將指定的 _RANGE_、_SIZE_ 或 _BLOCKRANGE_ 記憶體設為線上。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--deconfigure*" msgstr "*-g*, *--deconfigure*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:67 msgid "Set the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory to be deconfigured." msgstr "將指定的 _RANGE_、_SIZE_ 或 _BLOCKRANGE_ 記憶體設為要解除組態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--memmap-on-memory*" msgstr "*-m*, *--memmap-on-memory*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:70 msgid "Select memmap-on-memory for the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory. This option is valid only with *--configure*." msgstr "為指定的 _RANGE_、_SIZE_ 或 _BLOCKRANGE_ 記憶體選擇 memmap-on-memory。此選項只能與 *--configure* 搭配使用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--zone*" msgstr "*-z*, *--zone*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:73 msgid "Select the memory _ZONE_ where to set the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory online or offline. By default, memory will be set online to the zone Movable, if possible." msgstr "選擇要在其中將指定 _RANGE_、_SIZE_ 或 _BLOCKRANGE_ 記憶體設為線上或離線的記憶體 _ZONE_（zone）。預設情況下，若可能，會選擇 Movable 作為將記憶體設為線上的 zone。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:76 msgid "Verbose mode. Causes *chmem* to print debugging messages about its progress." msgstr "詳細模式。使 *chmem* 列印關於其進度的偵錯訊息。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:82 msgid "*chmem* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "*chmem* 具有下列結束狀態值：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem --enable 1024*" msgstr "*chmem --enable 1024*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:96 msgid "This command requests 1024 MiB of memory to be set online." msgstr "此命令要求將 1024 MiB 的記憶體設為線上。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -e 2g*" msgstr "*chmem -e 2g*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:99 msgid "This command requests 2 GB of memory to be brought online and, if supported by the architecture, configures the memory beforehand." msgstr "此命令要求將 2 GB 的記憶體帶上線，且若架構支援，會事先組態記憶體。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:100 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem --disable 0x00000000e4000000-0x00000000f3ffffff*" msgstr "*chmem --disable 0x00000000e4000000-0x00000000f3ffffff*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:102 msgid "This command takes the memory range from 0x00000000e4000000 to 0x00000000f3ffffff offline and deconfigures it if supported by the architecture." msgstr "此命令將 0x00000000e4000000 到 0x00000000f3ffffff 的記憶體範圍帶離線，並在架構支援時將其解除組態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -b -d 10*" msgstr "*chmem -b -d 10*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:105 msgid "This command takes memory block number 10 offline." msgstr "此命令將編號 10 的記憶體區塊帶離線。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -b -c 10 -m 1*" msgstr "*chmem -b -c 10 -m 1*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:108 msgid "This command configures memory block 10 with  _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_ set. The block must be in a deconfigured state." msgstr "此命令以設定 _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_ 的方式組態記憶體區塊 10。該區塊必須處於解除組態狀態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -b -c 10*" msgstr "*chmem -b -c 10*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:111 msgid "This command configures memory block 10 with the default _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_ setting. The default value is displayed in *lsmem --output-all*. The block must be in a deconfigured state." msgstr "此命令以預設的 _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_ 設定組態記憶體區塊 10。預設值顯示在 *lsmem --output-all* 中。該區塊必須處於解除組態狀態。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -b -g 10*" msgstr "*chmem -b -g 10*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:114 msgid "This command deconfigures memory block 10. The block must be offline." msgstr "此命令解除記憶體區塊 10 的組態。該區塊必須離線。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:115 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -d 5g*" msgstr "*chmem -d 5g*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:117 msgid "This command takes 5 GB of memory offline and deconfigures it if supported by the architecture. Blocks that are already offline but still configured are skipped and must be explicitly deconfigured with *--deconfigure*." msgstr "此命令將 5 GB 的記憶體帶離線，並在架構支援時將其解除組態。已經離線但仍已組態的區塊會被略過，必須使用 *--deconfigure* 明確解除組態。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:121 msgid "*lsmem*(1)" msgstr "*lsmem*(1)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "choom(1)" msgstr "choom(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:12 msgid "choom - display or adjust OOM-killer score" msgstr "choom - 顯示或調整 OOM killer 分數" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:16 msgid "*choom* *-p* _PID_" msgstr "*choom* *-p* _PID_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:18 msgid "*choom* *-p* _PID_ *-n* _number_" msgstr "*choom* *-p* _PID_ *-n* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:20 msgid "*choom* *-n* _number_ [--] _command_ [_argument_ ...]" msgstr "*choom* *-n* _number_ [--] _command_ [_argument_ ...]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:24 msgid "The *choom* command displays or adjusts the Out-Of-Memory killer score setting." msgstr "*choom* 命令會顯示或調整 Out-Of-Memory killer（記憶體不足終結者）分數設定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:29 msgid "Specifies process ID." msgstr "指定處理程序 ID。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:30 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--adjust* _value_" msgstr "*-n*, *--adjust* _value_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:32 msgid "Specify the adjust score value." msgstr "指定調整分數值。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:38 msgid "Linux kernel uses the badness heuristic to select which process gets killed in out of memory conditions." msgstr "Linux 核心使用 badness 啟發式來決定在記憶體不足的情況下要終結哪個處理程序。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:40 msgid "The badness heuristic assigns a value to each candidate task ranging from 0 (never kill) to 1000 (always kill) to determine which process is targeted. The units are roughly a proportion along that range of allowed memory the process may allocate from based on an estimation of its current memory and swap use. For example, if a task is using all allowed memory, its badness score will be 1000. If it is using half of its allowed memory, its score will be 500." msgstr "badness 啟發式會為每個候選工作指派一個介於 0（永不終結）到 1000（必定終結）之間的值，以決定要針對哪個處理程序。單位大致上表示該處理程序根據其目前記憶體與交換空間使用量的估計，在允許其配置的記憶體範圍內所占的比例。例如，若一個工作使用了所有允許的記憶體，其 badness 分數將為 1000。若它使用了允許記憶體的一半，其分數將為 500。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:42 msgid "There is an additional factor included in the badness score: the current memory and swap usage is discounted by 3% for root processes." msgstr "badness 分數中還包含另一個因素：對於 root 處理程序，目前記憶體與交換空間的使用量會打 3% 的折扣。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:44 msgid "The amount of \"allowed\" memory depends on the context in which the oom killer was called. If it is due to the memory assigned to the allocating task's cpuset being exhausted, the allowed memory represents the set of mems assigned to that cpuset. If it is due to a mempolicy's node(s) being exhausted, the allowed memory represents the set of mempolicy nodes. If it is due to a memory limit (or swap limit) being reached, the allowed memory is that configured limit. Finally, if it is due to the entire system being out of memory, the allowed memory represents all allocatable resources." msgstr "「允許」記憶體的量取決於呼叫 oom killer 時的環境。若是由於配置工作的 cpuset 所屬記憶體被用盡，則允許記憶體代表指派給該 cpuset 的 mems 集合。若是由於 mempolicy 的節點被用盡，則允許記憶體代表 mempolicy 節點集合。若是由於達到記憶體限制（或交換空間限制），則允許記憶體就是該設定的限制。最後，若是由於整個系統記憶體不足，則允許記憶體代表所有可配置的資源。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:46 msgid "The adjust score value is added to the badness score before it is used to determine which task to kill. Acceptable values range from -1000 to +1000. This allows userspace to polarize the preference for oom killing either by always preferring a certain task or completely disabling it. The lowest possible value, -1000, is equivalent to disabling oom killing entirely for that task since it will always report a badness score of 0." msgstr "調整分數值會在決定要終結哪個工作之前，加到 badness 分數上。可接受的值範圍為 -1000 到 +1000。這允許使用者空間將 oom 終結的偏好極化，無論是永遠偏好某個特定工作，還是完全停用它。最低的可能值 -1000 等同於完全停用對該工作的 oom 終結，因為它永遠會報告 badness 分數 0。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:48 msgid "Setting an adjust score value of +500, for example, is roughly equivalent to allowing the remainder of tasks sharing the same system, cpuset, mempolicy, or memory controller resources to use at least 50% more memory. A value of -500, on the other hand, would be roughly equivalent to discounting 50% of the task's allowed memory from being considered as scoring against the task." msgstr "例如，設定 +500 的調整分數值大致上等同於允許共享相同系統、cpuset、mempolicy 或記憶體控制器資源的其餘工作使用多 50% 以上的記憶體。另一方面，-500 的值大致上等同於將該工作允許記憶體的 50% 從針對該工作的計分中排除。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:56 msgid "*proc*(5)" msgstr "*proc*(5)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "ctrlaltdel(8)" msgstr "ctrlaltdel(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:18 msgid "ctrlaltdel - set the function of the Ctrl-Alt-Del combination" msgstr "ctrlaltdel - 設定 Ctrl-Alt-Del 組合鍵的功能" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:22 msgid "*ctrlaltdel* *hard*|*soft*" msgstr "*ctrlaltdel* *hard*|*soft*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:26 msgid "Based on examination of the _linux/kernel/reboot.c_ code, it is clear that there are two supported functions that the sequence can perform." msgstr "根據對 _linux/kernel/reboot.c_ 程式碼的檢視，很明顯 組合鍵序列可以執行兩種受支援的功能。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "*hard*" msgstr "*hard*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:29 msgid "Immediately reboot the computer without calling *sync*(2) and without any other preparation. This is the default." msgstr "立即重新啟動電腦，不呼叫 *sync*(2)，也不做任何其他準備。這是預設值。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:30 #, no-wrap msgid "*soft*" msgstr "*soft*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:32 msgid "Make the kernel send the *SIGINT* (interrupt) signal to the *init* process (this is always the process with PID 1). If this option is used, the *init*(8) program must support this feature. Since there are now several *init*(8) programs in the Linux community, please consult the documentation for the version that you are currently using." msgstr "讓核心向 *init* 處理程序發送 *SIGINT*（中斷）訊號（這永遠是 PID 1 的處理程序）。若使用此選項，則 *init*(8) 程式必須支援此功能。由於 Linux 社群中目前有數個 *init*(8) 程式，請查閱您目前使用版本的說明文件。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:34 msgid "When the command is run without any argument, it will display the current setting." msgstr "當命令未帶任何引數執行時，會顯示目前設定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:36 msgid "The function of *ctrlaltdel* is usually set in the _/etc/rc.local_ file." msgstr "*ctrlaltdel* 的功能通常設定在 _/etc/rc.local_ 檔案中。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:44 msgid "_/etc/rc.local_" msgstr "_/etc/rc.local_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:48 msgid "mailto:poe@daimi.aau.dk[Peter Orbaek]" msgstr "mailto:poe@daimi.aau.dk[Peter Orbaek]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:53 msgid "*init*(8), *systemd*(1)" msgstr "*init*(8), *systemd*(1)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "dmesg(1)" msgstr "dmesg(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:18 msgid "dmesg - print or control the kernel ring buffer" msgstr "dmesg - 列印或控制核心環形緩衝區" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:22 msgid "*dmesg* [options]" msgstr "*dmesg* [options]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:24 msgid "*dmesg* *--clear*" msgstr "*dmesg* *--clear*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:26 msgid "*dmesg* *--read-clear* [options]" msgstr "*dmesg* *--read-clear* [options]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:28 msgid "*dmesg* *--console-level* _level_" msgstr "*dmesg* *--console-level* _level_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:30 msgid "*dmesg* *--console-on*" msgstr "*dmesg* *--console-on*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:32 msgid "*dmesg* *--console-off*" msgstr "*dmesg* *--console-off*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:36 msgid "*dmesg* is used to examine or control the kernel ring buffer." msgstr "*dmesg* 用於檢查或控制核心環形緩衝區。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:38 msgid "The default action is to display all messages from the kernel ring buffer." msgstr "預設動作是顯示核心環形緩衝區中的所有訊息。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:42 msgid "The *--clear*, *--read-clear*, *--console-on*, *--console-off*, and *--console-level* options are mutually exclusive." msgstr "*--clear*、*--read-clear*、*--console-on*、*--console-off* 與 *--console-level* 選項互斥。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:45 msgid "Clear the ring buffer." msgstr "清除環形緩衝區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--read-clear*" msgstr "*-c*, *--read-clear*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:48 msgid "Clear the ring buffer after first printing its contents." msgstr "先列印其內容，然後清除環形緩衝區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-D*, *--console-off*" msgstr "*-D*, *--console-off*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:51 msgid "Disable the printing of messages to the console." msgstr "停用將訊息列印到主控台。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--show-delta*" msgstr "*-d*, *--show-delta*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:54 msgid "Display the timestamp and the time delta spent between messages. If used together with *--notime* then only the time delta without the timestamp is printed." msgstr "顯示時間戳記與訊息之間的時間差距。若與 *--notime* 一起使用，則只列印時間差距而不含時間戳記。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-E*, *--console-on*" msgstr "*-E*, *--console-on*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:57 msgid "Enable printing messages to the console." msgstr "啟用將訊息列印到主控台。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--reltime*" msgstr "*-e*, *--reltime*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:60 msgid "Display the local time and the delta in human-readable format. Be aware that conversion to the local time could be inaccurate (see *-T* for more details)." msgstr "以人類可讀格式顯示本地時間與差距。請注意，轉換為本地時間可能不夠準確（詳情請參閱 *-T*）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--file* _file_" msgstr "*-F*, *--file* _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:63 msgid "Read the syslog messages from the given _file_. Note that *-F* does not support messages in kmsg format. See *-K* instead." msgstr "從給定的 _file_ 讀取 syslog 訊息。請注意，*-F* 不支援 kmsg 格式的訊息。請改用 *-K*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--facility* _list_" msgstr "*-f*, *--facility* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:66 msgid "Restrict output to the given (comma-separated) _list_ of facilities. For example:" msgstr "將輸出限制為給定（以逗號分隔）_list_ 的 facility。例如：" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:68 msgid "*dmesg --facility=daemon*" msgstr "*dmesg --facility=daemon*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:70 msgid "will print messages from system daemons only. For all supported facilities see the *--help* output." msgstr "只會列印來自系統 daemon 的訊息。所有受支援的 facility 請參閱 *--help* 輸出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-H*, *--human*" msgstr "*-H*, *--human*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:73 msgid "Enable human-readable output. See also *--color*, *--reltime* and *--nopager*." msgstr "啟用人類可讀輸出。另請參閱 *--color*、*--reltime* 與 *--nopager*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:76 msgid "Use JSON output format. The time output format is in \"sec.usec\" format only, log priority level is not decoded by default (use *--decode* to split into facility and priority), the other options to control the output format or time format are silently ignored." msgstr "使用 JSON 輸出格式。時間輸出格式僅支援 \"sec.usec\" 格式，記錄優先等級預設不會解碼（請使用 *--decode* 拆分成 facility 與 priority），其他用來控制輸出格式或時間格式的選項會被靜默忽略。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-K*, *--kmsg-file* _file_" msgstr "*-K*, *--kmsg-file* _file_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:79 msgid "Read the /dev/kmsg messages from the given _file_. Different record as expected to be separated by a NULL byte." msgstr "從指定的 _file_ 讀取 /dev/kmsg 訊息。預期不同的記錄之間以 NULL 位元組分隔。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-k*, *--kernel*" msgstr "*-k*, *--kernel*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:82 msgid "Print kernel messages." msgstr "列印系統核心訊息。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:85 msgid "Colorize the output. The optional argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. If the _when_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*. The colors can be disabled; for the current built-in default see the *--help* output. See also the *COLORS* section below." msgstr "為輸出加上顏色。選用引數 _when_ 可以是 *auto*、*never* 或 *always*。若省略 _when_ 引數，則預設為 *auto*。顏色可以停用；目前的內建預設值請參閱 *--help* 的輸出。另請參閱下方的 *COLORS* 章節。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--level* _list_" msgstr "*-l*, *--level* _list_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:88 msgid "Restrict output to the given (comma-separated) _list_ of levels. For example:" msgstr "將輸出限制為指定的（以逗號分隔）等級 _list_。例如：" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:90 msgid "*dmesg --level=err,warn*" msgstr "*dmesg --level=err,warn*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:92 msgid "will print error and warning messages only. For all supported levels see the *--help* output." msgstr "將只列印錯誤與警告訊息。所有支援的等級請參閱 *--help* 的輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:94 msgid "Appending a plus *+* to a level name also includes all higher levels. For example:" msgstr "在等級名稱後加上加號 *+* 也會包含所有更高的等級。例如：" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:96 msgid "*dmesg --level=err+*" msgstr "*dmesg --level=err+*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:98 msgid "will print levels *err*, *crit*, *alert* and *emerg*." msgstr "將列印 *err*、*crit*、*alert* 與 *emerg* 等級。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:100 msgid "Prepending it will include all lower levels." msgstr "在等級名稱前加上加號則會包含所有更低的等級。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--console-level* _level_" msgstr "*-n*, *--console-level* _level_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:103 msgid "Set the _level_ at which printing of messages is done to the console. The _level_ is a level number or abbreviation of the level name. For all supported levels see the *--help* output." msgstr "設定將訊息列印到主控台的 _level_。_level_ 是等級編號或等級名稱的縮寫。所有支援的等級請參閱 *--help* 的輸出。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:105 msgid "For example, *-n 1* or *-n emerg* prevents all messages, except emergency (panic) messages, from appearing on the console. All levels of messages are still written to _/proc/kmsg_, so *syslogd*(8) can still be used to control exactly where kernel messages appear. When the *-n* option is used, *dmesg* will _not_ print or clear the kernel ring buffer." msgstr "例如，*-n 1* 或 *-n emerg* 會阻止所有訊息（緊急（panic）訊息除外）出現在主控台上。所有等級的訊息仍會寫入 _/proc/kmsg_，因此 *syslogd*(8) 仍可用來精確控制系統核心訊息出現的位置。當使用 *-n* 選項時，*dmesg* 將 _不會_ 列印或清除系統核心的環形緩衝區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*--noescape*" msgstr "*--noescape*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:108 msgid "The unprintable and potentially unsafe characters (e.g., broken multi-byte sequences, terminal controlling chars, etc.) are escaped in format \\x for security reason by default. This option disables this feature at all. It's usable for example for debugging purpose together with *--raw*. Be careful and don't use it by default." msgstr "基於安全考量，預設會將無法列印且可能不安全的字元（例如損壞的多位元組序列、終端機控制字元等）以 \\x 格式逸出。此選項會完全停用這項功能。例如可搭配 *--raw* 用於除錯目的。請小心使用，且不要預設啟用它。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--nopager*" msgstr "*-P*, *--nopager*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:111 msgid "Do not pipe output into a pager. A pager is enabled by default for *--human* output." msgstr "不要將輸出導向分頁器。對於 *--human* 輸出，預設會啟用分頁器。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--force-prefix*" msgstr "*-p*, *--force-prefix*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:114 msgid "Add facility, level or timestamp information to each line of a multi-line message." msgstr "為多行訊息的每一行加上 facility、等級或時間戳記資訊。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:117 msgid "Print the raw message buffer, i.e., do not strip the log-level prefixes, but all unprintable characters are still escaped (see also *--noescape*)." msgstr "列印原始訊息緩衝區，亦即不剝除記錄等級的前綴，但所有無法列印的字元仍會被逸出（另請參閱 *--noescape*）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:119 msgid "Note that the real raw format depends on the method how *dmesg* reads kernel messages. The _/dev/kmsg_ device uses a different format than *syslog*(2). For backward compatibility, *dmesg* returns data always in the *syslog*(2) format. It is possible to read the real raw data from _/dev/kmsg_ by, for example, the command 'dd if=/dev/kmsg iflag=nonblock'." msgstr "請注意，真正的原始格式取決於 *dmesg* 讀取系統核心訊息的方式。_/dev/kmsg_ 裝置使用的格式與 *syslog*(2) 不同。為了向後相容，*dmesg* 一律以 *syslog*(2) 格式傳回資料。例如可以透過指令 'dd if=/dev/kmsg iflag=nonblock' 從 _/dev/kmsg_ 讀取真正的原始資料。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:120 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--syslog*" msgstr "*-S*, *--syslog*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:122 msgid "Force *dmesg* to use the *syslog*(2) kernel interface to read kernel messages. The default is to use _/dev/kmsg_ rather than *syslog*(2) since kernel 3.5.0." msgstr "強制 *dmesg* 使用 *syslog*(2) 系統核心介面來讀取系統核心訊息。自系統核心 3.5.0 起，預設是使用 _/dev/kmsg_ 而非 *syslog*(2)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:123 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--buffer-size* _size_" msgstr "*-s*, *--buffer-size* _size_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:125 msgid "Use a buffer of _size_ to query the kernel ring buffer. This is 16392 by default. (The default kernel syslog buffer size was 4096 at first, 8192 since 1.3.54, 16384 since 2.1.113.) If you have set the kernel buffer to be larger than the default, then this option can be used to view the entire buffer." msgstr "使用大小為 _size_ 的緩衝區來查詢系統核心的環形緩衝區。預設為 16392。（系統核心 syslog 緩衝區的預設大小起初為 4096，自 1.3.54 起為 8192，自 2.1.113 起為 16384。）若您已將系統核心緩衝區設定得比預設值大，則可使用此選項來檢視整個緩衝區。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:126 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--ctime*" msgstr "*-T*, *--ctime*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:128 msgid "Print human-readable timestamps." msgstr "列印人類可讀的時間戳記。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:130 msgid "*Be aware that the timestamp could be inaccurate!* The *time* source used for the logs is *not updated after* system *SUSPEND*/*RESUME*. Timestamps are adjusted according to current delta between boottime and monotonic clocks, this works only for messages printed after last resume." msgstr "*請注意，時間戳記可能不準確！* 用於記錄的 *time* 來源在系統 *SUSPEND*（暫停）/*RESUME*（恢復）後 *不會更新*。時間戳記會根據 boottime 與 monotonic 時鐘之間目前的差異進行調整，這僅適用於最後一次恢復之後列印的訊息。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "*--since* _time_" msgstr "*--since* _time_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:133 msgid "Display record since the specified time. Supported is the subsecond granularity. The time is possible to specify in absolute way as well as by relative notation (e.g. '1 hour ago'). Be aware that the timestamp could be inaccurate and see *--ctime* for more details." msgstr "顯示自指定時間起的記錄。支援亞秒（subsecond）粒度。時間可以絕對方式指定，也可以使用相對表示法（例如 '1 hour ago'）。請注意時間戳記可能不準確，詳細資訊請參閱 *--ctime*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:134 #, no-wrap msgid "*--until* _time_" msgstr "*--until* _time_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:136 msgid "Display record until the specified time. Supported is the subsecond granularity. The time is possible to specify in absolute way as well as by relative notation (e.g. '1 hour ago'). Be aware that the timestamp could be inaccurate and see *--ctime* for more details." msgstr "顯示直到指定時間為止的記錄。支援亞秒（subsecond）粒度。時間可以絕對方式指定，也可以使用相對表示法（例如 '1 hour ago'）。請注意時間戳記可能不準確，詳細資訊請參閱 *--ctime*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--notime*" msgstr "*-t*, *--notime*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:139 msgid "Do not print kernel's timestamps." msgstr "不要列印系統核心的時間戳記。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:142 msgid "Print timestamps using the given _format_, which can be *ctime*, *reltime*, *delta*, *iso* or *raw*. The first three formats are aliases of the time-format-specific options. The *raw* format uses the default timestamp format showing seconds since boot. The *iso* format is a *dmesg* implementation of the ISO-8601 timestamp format. The purpose of this format is to make the comparing of timestamps between two systems, and any other parsing, easy. The definition of the *iso* timestamp is: YYYY-MM-DDHH:MM:SS,<-+>." msgstr "使用指定的 _format_ 列印時間戳記，其可以是 *ctime*、*reltime*、*delta*、*iso* 或 *raw*。前三種格式是特定時間格式選項的別名。*raw* 格式使用預設的時間戳記格式，顯示自開機以來的秒數。*iso* 格式是 *dmesg* 對 ISO-8601 時間戳記格式的實作。此格式的目的是讓兩個系統之間的時間戳記比較以及其他剖析工作變得更簡單。*iso* 時間戳記的定義為：YYYY-MM-DDHH:MM:SS,<-+>。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:144 msgid "The *iso* format has the same issue as *ctime*: the time may be inaccurate when a system is suspended and resumed." msgstr "*iso* 格式與 *ctime* 有相同的問題：當系統暫停並恢復時，時間可能不準確。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:146 msgid "*--time-format* may be used multiple times with different values for _format_ to output each specified format." msgstr "*--time-format* 可以多次使用，每次為 _format_ 指定不同的值，以輸出每個指定的格式。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:148 msgid "The *delta* always follows *ctime* or *raw* if specified together." msgstr "若同時指定，*delta* 一律跟在 *ctime* 或 *raw* 之後。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--userspace*" msgstr "*-u*, *--userspace*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:151 msgid "Print userspace messages." msgstr "列印使用者空間的訊息。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:152 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--follow*" msgstr "*-w*, *--follow*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:154 msgid "Wait for new messages. This feature is supported only on systems with a readable _/dev/kmsg_ (since kernel 3.5.0)." msgstr "等待新的訊息。此功能僅在具有可讀取 _/dev/kmsg_ 的系統上受支援（自系統核心 3.5.0 起）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:155 #, no-wrap msgid "*-W*, *--follow-new*" msgstr "*-W*, *--follow-new*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:157 msgid "Wait and print only new messages." msgstr "等待並只列印新的訊息。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--decode*" msgstr "*-x*, *--decode*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:160 msgid "Decode facility and level (priority) numbers to human-readable prefixes." msgstr "將 facility 與等級（優先權）編號解碼為人類可讀的前綴。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:165 msgid "The logical color names supported by *dmesg* are:" msgstr "*dmesg* 支援的邏輯顏色名稱如下：" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:166 #, no-wrap msgid "*subsys*" msgstr "*subsys*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:168 msgid "The message sub-system prefix (e.g., \"ACPI:\")." msgstr "訊息子系統的前綴（例如 \"ACPI:\"）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:171 msgid "The message timestamp." msgstr "訊息的時間戳記。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:172 #, no-wrap msgid "*timebreak*" msgstr "*timebreak*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:174 msgid "The message timestamp in short ctime format in *--reltime* or *--human* output." msgstr "在 *--reltime* 或 *--human* 輸出中，以簡短 ctime 格式呈現的訊息時間戳記。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:175 #, no-wrap msgid "*alert*" msgstr "*alert*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:177 msgid "The text of the message with the alert log priority." msgstr "具有 alert（警示）記錄優先權的訊息文字。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:178 #, no-wrap msgid "*crit*" msgstr "*crit*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:180 msgid "The text of the message with the critical log priority." msgstr "具有 critical（嚴重）記錄優先權的訊息文字。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:181 #, no-wrap msgid "*err*" msgstr "*err*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:183 msgid "The text of the message with the error log priority." msgstr "具有 error（錯誤）記錄優先權的訊息文字。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:186 msgid "The text of the message with the warning log priority." msgstr "具有 warning（警告）記錄優先權的訊息文字。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:187 #, no-wrap msgid "*segfault*" msgstr "*segfault*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:189 msgid "The text of the message that inform about segmentation fault." msgstr "告知發生 segmentation fault（區段錯誤）的訊息文字。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:193 msgid "*dmesg* can fail reporting permission denied error. This is usually caused by *dmesg_restrict* kernel setting, please see *syslog*(2) for more details." msgstr "*dmesg* 可能因權限被拒絕的錯誤而失敗。這通常是由 *dmesg_restrict* 系統核心設定所造成，詳細資訊請參閱 *syslog*(2)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:199 msgid "*dmesg* was originally written by mailto:tytso@athena.mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o]." msgstr "*dmesg* 最初由 mailto:tytso@athena.mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o] 撰寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:204 msgid "*terminal-colors.d*(5), *syslogd*(8)" msgstr "*terminal-colors.d*(5), *syslogd*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:12 #, no-wrap msgid "eject(1)" msgstr "eject(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:22 msgid "eject - eject removable media" msgstr "eject - 退出可移除媒體" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:26 msgid "*eject* [options] _device_|_mountpoint_" msgstr "*eject* [options] _device_|_mountpoint_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:30 msgid "*eject* allows removable media (typically a CD-ROM, floppy disk, tape, JAZ, ZIP or USB disk) to be ejected under software control. The command can also control some multi-disc CD-ROM changers, the auto-eject feature supported by some devices, and close the disc tray of some CD-ROM drives." msgstr "*eject* 允許在軟體控制下退出可移除媒體（通常是 CD-ROM、軟碟、磁帶、JAZ、ZIP 或 USB 磁碟）。此指令也可以控制某些多碟片 CD-ROM 換片機、某些裝置支援的自動退出功能，以及關閉某些 CD-ROM 光碟機的托盤。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:32 msgid "The device corresponding to _device_ or _mountpoint_ is ejected. If no name is specified, the default name */dev/cdrom* is used. The device may be addressed by device name (e.g., 'sda'), device path (e.g., '/dev/sda'), UUID=__uuid__ or LABEL=__label__ tags." msgstr "會退出與 _device_ 或 _mountpoint_ 對應的裝置。若未指定名稱，則使用預設名稱 */dev/cdrom*。裝置可以透過裝置名稱（例如 'sda'）、裝置路徑（例如 '/dev/sda'）、UUID=__uuid__ 或 LABEL=__label__ 標籤來指定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:34 msgid "There are four different methods of ejecting, depending on whether the device is a CD-ROM, SCSI device, removable floppy, or tape. By default *eject* tries all four methods in order until it succeeds." msgstr "根據裝置是 CD-ROM、SCSI 裝置、可移除軟碟或磁帶，共有四種不同的退出方法。預設情況下，*eject* 會依序嘗試全部四種方法，直到成功為止。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:36 msgid "If a device partition is specified, the whole-disk device is used." msgstr "若指定了裝置分割區，則會使用整個磁碟的裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:38 msgid "If the device or a device partition is currently mounted, it is unmounted before ejecting. The eject is processed on exclusive open block device file descriptor if *--no-unmount* or *--force* are not specified." msgstr "若裝置或裝置分割區目前已被掛載，則會在退出前先卸載。若未指定 *--no-unmount* 或 *--force*，則退出會在獨占開啟的區塊裝置檔案描述符上進行。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, **--auto on**|*off*" msgstr "*-a*, **--auto on**|*off*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:43 msgid "This option controls the auto-eject mode, supported by some devices. When enabled, the drive automatically ejects when the device is closed." msgstr "此選項控制某些裝置支援的自動退出模式。啟用時，當裝置關閉時光碟機會自動退出。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--changerslot* _slot_" msgstr "*-c*, *--changerslot* _slot_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:46 msgid "With this option a CD slot can be selected from an ATAPI/IDE CD-ROM changer. The CD-ROM drive cannot be in use (mounted data CD or playing a music CD) for a change request to work. Please also note that the first slot of the changer is referred to as 0, not 1." msgstr "使用此選項可以從 ATAPI/IDE CD-ROM 換片機中選擇一個 CD 槽位。要讓換片要求生效，CD-ROM 光碟機不能正在使用中（掛載了資料 CD 或正在播放音樂 CD）。另請注意，換片機的第一個槽位編號為 0，而非 1。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--default*" msgstr "*-d*, *--default*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:49 msgid "List the default device name." msgstr "列出預設的裝置名稱。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--force*" msgstr "*-F*, *--force*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:52 msgid "Force eject, don't check device type, don't open device with exclusive lock. The successful result may be false positive on non hot-pluggable devices." msgstr "強制退出，不檢查裝置類型，也不以獨占鎖開啟裝置。在非熱插拔裝置上，成功的結果可能是誤判。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--floppy*" msgstr "*-f*, *--floppy*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:55 msgid "This option specifies that the drive should be ejected using a removable floppy disk eject command." msgstr "此選項指定應使用可移除軟碟的退出指令來退出光碟機。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, **--manualeject on**|*off*" msgstr "*-i*, **--manualeject on**|*off*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:58 msgid "This option controls locking of the hardware eject button. When enabled, the drive will not be ejected when the button is pressed. This is useful when you are carrying a laptop in a bag or case and don't want it to eject if the button is inadvertently pressed." msgstr "此選項控制硬體退出按鈕的鎖定。啟用時，按下按鈕不會退出光碟機。當您將筆記型電腦放在包包或箱子中，不希望因意外按下按鈕而退出時，這會很有用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M*, *--no-partitions-unmount*" msgstr "*-M*, *--no-partitions-unmount*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:61 msgid "The option tells *eject* to not try to unmount other partitions on partitioned devices. If another partition is still mounted, the program will not attempt to eject the media. It will attempt to unmount only the device or mountpoint given on the command line." msgstr "此選項告訴 *eject* 不要嘗試卸載已分割裝置上的其他分割區。若另一個分割區仍被掛載，程式將不會嘗試退出媒體。它只會嘗試卸載命令列上指定的裝置或掛載點。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--no-unmount*" msgstr "*-m*, *--no-unmount*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:64 msgid "The option tells *eject* to not try to unmount at all. If this option is not specified then *eject* opens the device with *O_EXCL* flag to be sure that the device is not used (since v2.35)." msgstr "此選項告訴 *eject* 完全不要嘗試卸載。若未指定此選項，則 *eject* 會使用 *O_EXCL* 旗標開啟裝置，以確保裝置未被使用（自 v2.35 起）。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--noop*" msgstr "*-n*, *--noop*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:67 msgid "With this option the selected device is displayed but no action is performed." msgstr "使用此選項時，會顯示所選的裝置，但不會執行任何動作。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--proc*" msgstr "*-p*, *--proc*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:70 msgid "This option allows you to use _/proc/mounts_ instead _/etc/mtab_. It also passes the *-n* option to *umount*(8)." msgstr "此選項允許您使用 _/proc/mounts_ 而非 _/etc/mtab_。它也會將 *-n* 選項傳遞給 *umount*(8)。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-q*, *--tape*" msgstr "*-q*, *--tape*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:73 msgid "This option specifies that the drive should be ejected using a tape drive offline command." msgstr "此選項指定應使用磁帶機的離線指令來退出光碟機。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--cdrom*" msgstr "*-r*, *--cdrom*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:76 msgid "This option specifies that the drive should be ejected using a CDROM eject command." msgstr "此選項指定應使用 CDROM 退出指令來退出光碟機。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--scsi*" msgstr "*-s*, *--scsi*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:79 msgid "This option specifies that the drive should be ejected using SCSI commands." msgstr "此選項指定應使用 SCSI 指令來退出光碟機。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--traytoggle*" msgstr "*-T*, *--traytoggle*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:82 msgid "With this option the drive is given a CD-ROM tray close command if it's opened, and a CD-ROM tray eject command if it's closed. Not all devices support this command, because it uses the above CD-ROM tray close command." msgstr "使用此選項時，若光碟機托盤已開啟，會送出 CD-ROM 托盤關閉指令；若已關閉，則送出 CD-ROM 托盤退出指令。並非所有裝置都支援此指令，因為它使用了上述的 CD-ROM 托盤關閉指令。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--trayclose*" msgstr "*-t*, *--trayclose*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:85 msgid "With this option the drive is given a CD-ROM tray close command. Not all devices support this command." msgstr "使用此選項時，光碟機會收到 CD-ROM 托盤關閉指令。並非所有裝置都支援此指令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:88 msgid "Run in verbose mode; more information is displayed about what the command is doing." msgstr "以詳細模式執行；會顯示更多關於指令正在做什麼的資訊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*-X*, *--listspeed*" msgstr "*-X*, *--listspeed*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:91 msgid "With this option the CD-ROM drive will be probed to detect the available speeds. The output is a list of speeds which can be used as an argument of the *-x* option. This only works with Linux 2.6.13 or higher, on previous versions solely the maximum speed will be reported. Also note that some drives may not correctly report the speed and therefore this option does not work with them." msgstr "使用此選項時，會探測 CD-ROM 光碟機以偵測可用的速度。輸出是可用速度的清單，可作為 *-x* 選項的引數。這僅適用於 Linux 2.6.13 或更高版本，在較舊的版本上只會回報最大速度。另請注意，有些光碟機可能無法正確回報速度，因此此選項對它們不適用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--cdspeed* _speed_" msgstr "*-x*, *--cdspeed* _speed_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:94 msgid "With this option the drive is given a CD-ROM select speed command. The _speed_ argument is a number indicating the desired speed (e.g., 8 for 8X speed), or 0 for maximum data rate. Not all devices support this command and you can only specify speeds that the drive is capable of. Every time the media is changed this option is cleared. This option can be used alone, or with the *-t* and *-c* options." msgstr "使用此選項時，光碟機會收到 CD-ROM 選擇速度指令。_speed_ 引數是表示所需速度的數字（例如 8 代表 8X 速度），或 0 代表最大資料速率。並非所有裝置都支援此指令，而且您只能指定光碟機能夠達到的速度。每次更換媒體時，此選項都會被清除。此選項可以單獨使用，或與 *-t* 和 *-c* 選項搭配使用。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:104 msgid "*eject* only works with devices that support one or more of the four methods of ejecting. This includes most CD-ROM drives (IDE, SCSI, and proprietary), some SCSI tape drives, JAZ drives, ZIP drives (parallel port, SCSI, and IDE versions), and LS120 removable floppies. Users have also reported success with floppy drives on Sun SPARC and Apple Macintosh systems. If *eject* does not work, it is most likely a limitation of the kernel driver for the device and not the *eject* program itself." msgstr "*eject* 僅適用於支援四種退出方法中一種或多種的裝置。這包括大多數 CD-ROM 光碟機（IDE、SCSI 與專屬介面）、某些 SCSI 磁帶機、JAZ 光碟機、ZIP 光碟機（平行埠、SCSI 與 IDE 版本）以及 LS120 可移除軟碟。使用者也曾回報在 Sun SPARC 與 Apple Macintosh 系統上的軟碟機可正常運作。若 *eject* 無法運作，最可能是該裝置的系統核心驅動程式的限制，而非 *eject* 程式本身的問題。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:106 msgid "The *-r*, *-s*, *-f*, and *-q* options allow controlling which methods are used to eject. More than one method can be specified. If none of these options are specified, it tries all four (this works fine in most cases)." msgstr "*-r*、*-s*、*-f* 與 *-q* 選項可控制使用哪些方法來退出。可以指定多種方法。若未指定任何這些選項，它會嘗試全部四種（在大多數情況下都能正常運作）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:108 msgid "*eject* may not always be able to determine if the device is mounted (e.g., if it has several names). If the device name is a symbolic link, *eject* will follow the link and use the device that it points to." msgstr "*eject* 不一定總能判斷裝置是否已掛載（例如當它有多個名稱時）。若裝置名稱是符號連結，*eject* 會追隨該連結，並使用它所指向的裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:110 msgid "If *eject* determines that the device can have multiple partitions, it will attempt to unmount all mounted partitions of the device before ejecting (see also *--no-partitions-unmount*). If an unmount fails, the program will not attempt to eject the media." msgstr "若 *eject* 判斷裝置可以有多個分割區，它會在退出前嘗試卸載該裝置所有已掛載的分割區（另請參閱 *--no-partitions-unmount*）。若卸載失敗，程式將不會嘗試退出媒體。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:112 msgid "You can eject an audio CD. Some CD-ROM drives will refuse to open the tray if the drive is empty. Some devices do not support the tray close command." msgstr "您可以退出音樂 CD。有些 CD-ROM 光碟機在光碟機為空時會拒絕開啟托盤。有些裝置不支援托盤關閉指令。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:114 msgid "If the auto-eject feature is enabled, then the drive will always be ejected after running this command. Not all Linux kernel CD-ROM drivers support the auto-eject mode. There is no way to find out the state of the auto-eject mode." msgstr "若啟用了自動退出功能，則執行此指令後光碟機將一律被退出。並非所有 Linux 系統核心的 CD-ROM 驅動程式都支援自動退出模式。沒有方法可以得知自動退出模式的狀態。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:116 msgid "You need appropriate privileges to access the device files. Running as root is required to eject some devices (e.g., SCSI devices)." msgstr "您需要適當的權限才能存取裝置檔案。要退出某些裝置（例如 SCSI 裝置），需要以 root 身分執行。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:120 msgid "mailto:tranter@pobox.com[Jeff Tranter] - original author, mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak] and mailto:mluscon@redhat.com[Michal Luscon] - util-linux version." msgstr "mailto:tranter@pobox.com[Jeff Tranter] - 原始作者，mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak] 與 mailto:mluscon@redhat.com[Michal Luscon] - util-linux 版本。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:127 msgid "*findmnt*(8), *lsblk*(8), *mount*(8), *umount*(8)" msgstr "*findmnt*(8), *lsblk*(8), *mount*(8), *umount*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "fallocate(1)" msgstr "fallocate(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:12 msgid "fallocate - preallocate or deallocate space to a file" msgstr "fallocate - 為檔案預先配置或取消配置空間" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:16 msgid "*fallocate* [*-c*|*-p*|*-z*|*-w*] [*-o* _offset_] *-l* _length_ [*-n*] _filename_" msgstr "*fallocate* [*-c*|*-p*|*-z*|*-w*] [*-o* _offset_] *-l* _length_ [*-n*] _filename_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:18 msgid "*fallocate* *-d* [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] _filename_" msgstr "*fallocate* *-d* [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] _filename_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:20 msgid "*fallocate* *-r* [*-o* _offset_] _filename_" msgstr "*fallocate* *-r* [*-o* _offset_] _filename_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:22 msgid "*fallocate* *-x* [*-o* _offset_] *-l* _length filename_" msgstr "*fallocate* *-x* [*-o* _offset_] *-l* _length filename_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:26 msgid "*fallocate* is used to manipulate the allocated disk space for a file, either to deallocate or preallocate it. For filesystems which support the *fallocate*(2) system call, preallocation is done quickly by allocating blocks and marking them as uninitialized, requiring no IO to the data blocks. This is much faster than creating a file by filling it with zeroes." msgstr "*fallocate* 用於操作檔案的已配置磁碟空間，無論是取消配置或預先配置。對於支援 *fallocate*(2) 系統呼叫的檔案系統，預先配置會透過配置區塊並將其標記為未初始化來快速完成，不需要對資料區塊進行任何 I/O。這比用零填滿來建立檔案要快得多。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:28 msgid "The exit status returned by *fallocate* is 0 on success and 1 on failure." msgstr "*fallocate* 傳回的結束狀態在成功時為 0，失敗時為 1。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:32 msgid "The _length_ and _offset_ arguments may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB, and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\") or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB, and YB." msgstr "_length_ 與 _offset_ 引數後面可以接乘數後綴 KiB（=1024）、MiB（=1024*1024），以此類推到 GiB、TiB、PiB、EiB、ZiB 與 YiB（\"iB\" 是選用的，例如 \"K\" 與 \"KiB\" 意義相同），或後綴 KB（=1000）、MB（=1000*1000），以此類推到 GB、TB、PB、EB、ZB 與 YB。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:34 msgid "The options *--collapse-range*, *--dig-holes*, *--report-holes*, *--punch-hole*, *--zero-range*, *--write-zeroes* and *--posix* are mutually exclusive." msgstr "選項 *--collapse-range*、*--dig-holes*、*--report-holes*、*--punch-hole*、*--zero-range*、*--write-zeroes* 與 *--posix* 彼此互斥。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--collapse-range*" msgstr "*-c*, *--collapse-range*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:37 msgid "Removes a byte range from a file, without leaving a hole. The byte range to be collapsed starts at _offset_ and continues for _length_ bytes. At the completion of the operation, the contents of the file starting at the location __offset__+_length_ will be appended at the location _offset_, and the file will be _length_ bytes smaller. The option *--keep-size* may not be specified for the collapse-range operation." msgstr "從檔案中移除一段位元組範圍，而不留下空洞。要收合的位元組範圍從 _offset_ 開始，持續 _length_ 個位元組。操作完成時，從位置 __offset__+_length_ 開始的檔案內容會被附加到位置 _offset_，而檔案會縮小 _length_ 個位元組。對於收合範圍操作，不能指定 *--keep-size* 選項。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:39 msgid "Available since Linux 3.15 for ext4 (only for extent-based files) and XFS." msgstr "自 Linux 3.15 起，適用於 ext4（僅限基於 extent 的檔案）與 XFS。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:41 msgid "A filesystem may place limitations on the granularity of the operation, in order to ensure efficient implementation. Typically, _offset_ and _length_ must be a multiple of the filesystem logical block size, which varies according to the filesystem type and configuration. If a filesystem has such a requirement, the operation will fail with the error *EINVAL* if this requirement is violated." msgstr "檔案系統可能對操作的粒度設有限制，以確保有效率的實作。通常，_offset_ 與 _length_ 必須是檔案系統邏輯區塊大小的倍數，而該大小會依檔案系統類型與組態而異。若檔案系統有這類要求，當違反此要求時，操作會以 *EINVAL* 錯誤失敗。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dig-holes*" msgstr "*-d*, *--dig-holes*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:44 msgid "Detect and dig holes. This makes the file sparse in-place, without using extra disk space. The minimum size of the hole depends on filesystem I/O block size (usually 4096 bytes). Also, when using this option, *--keep-size* is implied. If no range is specified by *--offset* and *--length*, then the entire file is analyzed for holes." msgstr "偵測並挖出空洞。這會就地讓檔案變成稀疏檔案，而不使用額外的磁碟空間。空洞的最小大小取決於檔案系統的 I/O 區塊大小（通常是 4096 位元組）。此外，使用此選項時，會隱含 *--keep-size*。若未透過 *--offset* 與 *--length* 指定範圍，則會分析整個檔案中的空洞。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:46 msgid "You can think of this option as doing a \"*cp --sparse*\" and then renaming the destination file to the original, without the need for extra disk space." msgstr "您可以將此選項視為執行 \"*cp --sparse*\"，然後將目的檔案重新命名為原始檔案，而無需額外的磁碟空間。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:48 ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:61 msgid "See *--punch-hole* for a list of supported filesystems." msgstr "支援的檔案系統清單請參閱 *--punch-hole*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--report-holes*" msgstr "*-r*, *--report-holes*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:54 msgid "Scan the file and report the distribution of holes without modifying it. Two kinds of holes are shown: file holes – blocks that the filesystem has not allocated (reported by SEEK_HOLE); data holes – ranges inside the file which are logically filled with zero bytes but still occupy disk space." msgstr "掃描檔案並回報空洞的分布，而不修改它。會顯示兩種空洞：檔案空洞（file holes）– 檔案系統尚未配置的區塊（由 SEEK_HOLE 回報）；資料空洞（data holes）– 檔案內邏輯上填滿零位元組但仍佔用磁碟空間的範圍。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:57 msgid "For each hole the offset, end and size in bytes are printed in verbose mode, followed by a summary that gives the total size and percentage of the file that each hole type represents by default. If no offset is specified with *--offset*, the whole file is scanned." msgstr "在詳細模式下，會為每個空洞列印其 offset、end 與以位元組計的大小，接著預設會有一段摘要，說明每種空洞類型所代表的檔案總大小與百分比。若未使用 *--offset* 指定 offset，則會掃描整個檔案。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:59 msgid "This option is read-only and can be used on any file to estimate how much space could be reclaimed by *--dig-holes*." msgstr "此選項是唯讀的，可用於任何檔案，以估計 *--dig-holes* 可以回收多少空間。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--insert-range*" msgstr "*-i*, *--insert-range*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:64 msgid "Insert a hole of _length_ bytes from _offset_, shifting existing data." msgstr "從 _offset_ 插入一段長度為 _length_ 位元組的空洞，並移動既有的資料。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:67 msgid "Specifies the length of the range, in bytes." msgstr "指定範圍的長度，單位為位元組。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--keep-size*" msgstr "*-n*, *--keep-size*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:70 msgid "Do not modify the apparent length of the file. This may effectively allocate blocks past EOF, which can be removed with a truncate." msgstr "不要修改檔案的表觀長度。這實際上可能會配置超過 EOF 的區塊，這些區塊可以透過 truncate 移除。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:73 msgid "Specifies the beginning offset of the range, in bytes." msgstr "指定範圍的起始 offset，單位為位元組。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--punch-hole*" msgstr "*-p*, *--punch-hole*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:76 msgid "Deallocates space (i.e., creates a hole) in the byte range starting at _offset_ and continuing for _length_ bytes. Within the specified range, partial filesystem blocks are zeroed, and whole filesystem blocks are removed from the file. After a successful call, subsequent reads from this range will return zeroes. This option may not be specified at the same time as the *--zero-range* option. Also, when using this option, *--keep-size* is implied." msgstr "在從 _offset_ 開始並持續 _length_ 個位元組的位元組範圍內取消配置空間（亦即建立空洞）。在指定的範圍內，部分的檔案系統區塊會被歸零，而整個檔案系統區塊會從檔案中移除。呼叫成功後，從此範圍的後續讀取將傳回零。此選項不能與 *--zero-range* 選項同時指定。此外，使用此選項時，會隱含 *--keep-size*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:78 msgid "Supported for XFS (since Linux 2.6.38), ext4 (since Linux 3.0), Btrfs (since Linux 3.7), tmpfs (since Linux 3.5) and gfs2 (since Linux 4.16)." msgstr "支援 XFS（自 Linux 2.6.38 起）、ext4（自 Linux 3.0 起）、Btrfs（自 Linux 3.7 起）、tmpfs（自 Linux 3.5 起）與 gfs2（自 Linux 4.16 起）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:81 msgid "Enable verbose mode." msgstr "啟用詳細模式。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--write-zeroes*" msgstr "*-w*, *--write-zeroes*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:84 msgid "Zeroes space in the byte range starting at _offset_ and continuing for _length_ bytes. Within the specified range, written blocks are preallocated for the regions that span the holes in the file. After a successful call, subsequent reads from this range will return zeroes and subsequent writes to that range do not require further changes to the file mapping metadata." msgstr "在從 _offset_ 開始並持續 _length_ 個位元組的位元組範圍內將空間歸零。在指定的範圍內，會為跨越檔案空洞的區域預先配置已寫入的區塊。呼叫成功後，從此範圍的後續讀取將傳回零，而對該範圍的後續寫入不需進一步修改檔案的對映中繼資料。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:86 msgid "Zeroing is done within the filesystem. The filesystem may use a hardware-accelerated zeroing command or may submit regular writes. The behavior depends on the filesystem design and the available hardware." msgstr "歸零作業是在檔案系統內完成的。檔案系統可能使用硬體加速的歸零指令，也可能送出一般的寫入。行為取決於檔案系統的設計與可用的硬體。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:88 msgid "Option *--keep-size* cannot be specified for the write-zeroes operation because allocating written blocks beyond the inode size is not permitted." msgstr "write-zeroes 操作不能指定 *--keep-size* 選項，因為不允許配置超過 inode 大小的已寫入區塊。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--posix*" msgstr "*-x*, *--posix*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:91 msgid "Enable POSIX operation mode. In that mode allocation operation always completes, but it may take longer time when fast allocation is not supported by the underlying filesystem." msgstr "啟用 POSIX 操作模式。在該模式下，配置操作一律會完成，但當底層檔案系統不支援快速配置時，可能會花費較長的時間。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--zero-range*" msgstr "*-z*, *--zero-range*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:94 msgid "Zeroes space in the byte range starting at _offset_ and continuing for _length_ bytes. Within the specified range, blocks are preallocated for the regions that span the holes in the file. After a successful call, subsequent reads from this range will return zeroes." msgstr "在從 _offset_ 開始並持續 _length_ 個位元組的位元組範圍內將空間歸零。在指定的範圍內，會為跨越檔案空洞的區域預先配置區塊。呼叫成功後，從此範圍的後續讀取將傳回零。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:96 msgid "Zeroing is done within the filesystem preferably by converting the range into unwritten extents. This approach means that the specified range will not be physically zeroed out on the device (except for partial blocks at either end of the range), and I/O is (otherwise) required only to update metadata." msgstr "歸零作業是在檔案系統內完成的，最好是將該範圍轉換為未寫入的 extent。這種做法表示，指定的範圍不會在裝置上被實際歸零（範圍兩端的部分區塊除外），而（否則）I/O 僅需用於更新中繼資料。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:98 msgid "Option *--keep-size* can be specified to prevent file length modification." msgstr "可以指定 *--keep-size* 選項以防止檔案長度被修改。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:100 msgid "Available since Linux 3.14 for ext4 (only for extent-based files) and XFS." msgstr "自 Linux 3.14 起，適用於 ext4（僅限基於 extent 的檔案）與 XFS。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:107 msgid "mailto:sandeen@redhat.com[Eric Sandeen], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "mailto:sandeen@redhat.com[Eric Sandeen], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:113 msgid "*truncate*(1), *fallocate*(2), *posix_fallocate*(3)" msgstr "*truncate*(1), *fallocate*(2), *posix_fallocate*(3)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:28 #, no-wrap msgid "flock(1)" msgstr "flock(1)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:39 msgid "flock - manage locks from shell scripts" msgstr "flock - 從 shell 指令稿管理鎖定" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:43 msgid "*flock* [options] _file_|_directory_ _command_ [_arguments_]" msgstr "*flock* [options] _file_|_directory_ _command_ [_arguments_]" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:45 msgid "*flock* [options] _file_|_directory_ *-c* _command_" msgstr "*flock* [options] _file_|_directory_ *-c* _command_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:47 msgid "*flock* [options] _number_" msgstr "*flock* [options] _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:51 msgid "This utility manages *flock*(2) locks from within shell scripts or from the command line." msgstr "此工具程式可從 shell 指令稿或命令列中管理 *flock*(2) 鎖定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:53 msgid "The first and second of the above forms wrap the lock around the execution of a _command_, in a manner similar to *su*(1) or *newgrp*(1). They lock a specified _file_ or _directory_, which is created (assuming appropriate permissions) if it does not already exist. By default, if the lock cannot be immediately acquired, *flock* waits until the lock is available." msgstr "上述的第一種與第二種形式會將鎖定包在 _command_ 的執行外，方式類似 *su*(1) 或 *newgrp*(1)。它們鎖定指定的 _file_ 或 _directory_，若該檔案或目錄尚不存在，則會建立它（假設具有適當的權限）。預設情況下，若無法立即取得鎖定，*flock* 會一直等待，直到鎖定可用為止。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:55 msgid "The third form uses an open file by its file descriptor _number_. See the examples below for how that can be used." msgstr "第三種形式透過其檔案描述符 _number_ 使用已開啟的檔案。用法請參閱下方範例。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:60 msgid "Pass a single _command_, without arguments, to the shell with *-c*." msgstr "使用 *-c* 將單一 _command_（不含引數）傳遞給 shell。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-E*, *--conflict-exit-code* _number_" msgstr "*-E*, *--conflict-exit-code* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:63 msgid "The exit status used when the *-n* option is in use, and the conflicting lock exists, or the *-w* option is in use, and the timeout is reached. The default value is *1*. The _number_ has to be in the range of 0 to 255." msgstr "當使用 *-n* 選項且存在衝突的鎖定，或使用 *-w* 選項且已達到逾時時所使用的結束狀態。預設值為 *1*。_number_ 必須介於 0 到 255 之間。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:66 msgid "Do not fork before executing _command_. Upon execution the flock process is replaced by _command_ which continues to hold the lock. This option is incompatible with *--close* as there would otherwise be nothing left to hold the lock." msgstr "在執行 _command_ 之前不要 fork。執行時，flock 處理程序會被 _command_ 取代，而 _command_ 會繼續持有鎖定。此選項與 *--close* 不相容，否則將沒有東西能繼續持有鎖定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *-x*, *--exclusive*" msgstr "*-e*, *-x*, *--exclusive*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:69 msgid "Obtain an exclusive lock, sometimes called a write lock. This is the default." msgstr "取得獨占鎖定，有時也稱為寫入鎖定。這是預設行為。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--nb*, *--nonblocking*" msgstr "*-n*, *--nb*, *--nonblocking*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:72 msgid "Fail rather than wait if the lock cannot be immediately acquired. See the *-E* option for the exit status used." msgstr "若無法立即取得鎖定，則失敗而不等待。所使用的結束狀態請參閱 *-E* 選項。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--close*" msgstr "*-o*, *--close*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:75 msgid "Close the file descriptor on which the lock is held before executing _command_. This is useful if _command_ spawns a child process which should not be holding the lock." msgstr "在執行 _command_ 之前，關閉持有鎖定的檔案描述符。當 _command_ 會產生一個不應持有鎖定的子處理程序時，這會很有用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--shared*" msgstr "*-s*, *--shared*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:78 msgid "Obtain a shared lock, sometimes called a read lock." msgstr "取得共用鎖定，有時也稱為讀取鎖定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--unlock*" msgstr "*-u*, *--unlock*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:81 msgid "Drop a lock. This is usually not required, since a lock is automatically dropped when the file is closed. However, it may be required in special cases, for example if the enclosed command group may have forked a background process which should not be holding the lock." msgstr "釋放鎖定。這通常不是必需的，因為當檔案關閉時鎖定會自動釋放。不過，在特殊情況下可能需要，例如當包住的指令群組可能已經 fork 出一個不應持有鎖定的背景處理程序時。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--wait*, *--timeout* _seconds_" msgstr "*-w*, *--wait*, *--timeout* _seconds_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:84 msgid "Fail if the lock cannot be acquired within _seconds_. Decimal fractional values are allowed. See the *-E* option for the exit status used. The zero number of _seconds_ is interpreted as *--nonblock*." msgstr "若無法在 _seconds_ 內取得鎖定，則失敗。允許小數值。所使用的結束狀態請參閱 *-E* 選項。_seconds_ 為零時會被解讀為 *--nonblock*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*--fcntl*" msgstr "*--fcntl*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:87 msgid "Instead of *flock*(2), apply an *fcntl*(2) open file description lock (that is, using the *F_OFD_SETLK* (non-blocking) or *F_OFD_SETLKW* (blocking) commands). These locks are independent of those applied via *flock*(2), but, unlike traditional POSIX *fcntl*(2) locks (*F_SETLK*, *F_SETLKW*), have semantics matching those of *flock*(2)." msgstr "不要使用 *flock*(2)，而是套用 *fcntl*(2) 開啟檔案描述鎖定（亦即使用 *F_OFD_SETLK*（非阻塞）或 *F_OFD_SETLKW*（阻塞）指令）。這些鎖定與透過 *flock*(2) 套用的鎖定相互獨立，但與傳統的 POSIX *fcntl*(2) 鎖定（*F_SETLK*、*F_SETLKW*）不同，其語意與 *flock*(2) 一致。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:89 msgid "This is only available on kernel versions >= 3.15." msgstr "這僅在系統核心版本 >= 3.15 上可用。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*--start* _offset_" msgstr "*--start* _offset_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:92 msgid "The starting offset for lock. This option implies *--fcntl*." msgstr "鎖定的起始 offset。此選項隱含 *--fcntl*。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*--length* _number_" msgstr "*--length* _number_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:95 msgid "The number of bytes to lock. This option implies *--fcntl*." msgstr "要鎖定的位元組數。此選項隱含 *--fcntl*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:98 msgid "Report how long it took to acquire the lock, or why the lock could not be obtained." msgstr "回報取得鎖定花了多少時間，或為何無法取得鎖定。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:104 msgid "The command uses exit status values for everything, except when using either of the options *-n* or *-w* which report a failure to acquire the lock with an exit status given by the *-E* option, or 1 by default. The exit status given by *-E* has to be in the range of 0 to 255." msgstr "除了使用 *-n* 或 *-w* 任一選項之外，此指令對所有情況都使用 的結束狀態值；*-n* 或 *-w* 會以 *-E* 選項給定的結束狀態（預設為 1）回報取得鎖定失敗。由 *-E* 給定的結束狀態必須介於 0 到 255 之間。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:106 msgid "When using the _command_ variant, and executing the child worked, then the exit status is that of the child command." msgstr "當使用 _command_ 形式，且執行子指令成功時，結束狀態就是該子指令的結束狀態。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:110 msgid "*flock* does not detect deadlock. See *flock*(2) for details." msgstr "*flock* 不會偵測死結。詳細資訊請參閱 *flock*(2)。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:112 msgid "Some file systems (e. g. NFS and CIFS) have a limited implementation of *flock*(2) and flock may always fail. For details see *flock*(2), *nfs*(5) and *mount.cifs*(8). Depending on mount options, flock can always fail there." msgstr "某些檔案系統（例如 NFS 與 CIFS）對 *flock*(2) 的實作有限，flock 可能總是失敗。詳細資訊請參閱 *flock*(2)、*nfs*(5) 與 *mount.cifs*(8)。視掛載選項而定，flock 在那裡可能總是失敗。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:116 msgid "Note that \"shell> \" in examples is a command line prompt." msgstr "請注意，範例中的 \"shell> \" 是命令列提示符號。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:117 #, no-wrap msgid "shell1> flock /tmp -c cat; shell2> flock -w .007 /tmp -c echo; /bin/echo $?" msgstr "shell1> flock /tmp -c cat; shell2> flock -w .007 /tmp -c echo; /bin/echo $?" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:119 msgid "Set exclusive lock to directory _/tmp_ and the second command will fail." msgstr "對目錄 _/tmp_ 設定獨占鎖定，第二個指令將失敗。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:120 #, no-wrap msgid "shell1> flock -s /tmp -c cat; shell2> flock -s -w .007 /tmp -c echo; /bin/echo $?" msgstr "shell1> flock -s /tmp -c cat; shell2> flock -s -w .007 /tmp -c echo; /bin/echo $?" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:122 msgid "Set shared lock to directory _/tmp_ and the second command will not fail. Notice that attempting to get exclusive lock with second command would fail." msgstr "對目錄 _/tmp_ 設定共用鎖定，第二個指令不會失敗。請注意，若第二個指令嘗試取得獨占鎖定則會失敗。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:123 #, no-wrap msgid "shell> flock -x local-lock-file echo 'a b c'" msgstr "shell> flock -x local-lock-file echo 'a b c'" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:125 msgid "Grab the exclusive lock \"local-lock-file\" before running echo with 'a b c'." msgstr "在以 'a b c' 執行 echo 之前，先取得 \"local-lock-file\" 的獨占鎖定。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:126 #, no-wrap msgid "(; flock -n 9 || exit 1; # ... commands executed under lock ...; ) 9>/var/lock/mylockfile" msgstr "(; flock -n 9 || exit 1; # ... commands executed under lock ...; ) 9>/var/lock/mylockfile" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:128 msgid "The form is convenient inside shell scripts. The mode used to open the file doesn't matter to *flock*; using _>_ or _>>_ allows the lockfile to be created if it does not already exist, however, write permission is required. Using _<_ requires that the file already exists but only read permission is required." msgstr "這種形式在 shell 指令稿中很方便。開啟檔案所使用的模式對 *flock* 來說無關緊要；使用 _>_ 或 _>>_ 可以在鎖定檔尚不存在時建立它，不過需要寫入權限。使用 _<_ 則要求檔案必須已經存在，但只需讀取權限。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:129 #, no-wrap msgid "[ \"$\\{FLOCKER}\" != \"$0\" ] && exec env FLOCKER=\"$0\" flock -en \"$0\" \"$0\" \"$@\" || : " msgstr "[ \"$\\{FLOCKER}\" != \"$0\" ] && exec env FLOCKER=\"$0\" flock -en \"$0\" \"$0\" \"$@\" || : " #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:131 msgid "This is useful boilerplate code for shell scripts. Put it at the top of the shell script you want to lock and it'll automatically lock itself on the first run. If the environment variable *$FLOCKER* is not set to the shell script that is being run, then execute *flock* and grab an exclusive non-blocking lock (using the script itself as the lock file) before re-execing itself with the right arguments. It also sets the *FLOCKER* environment variable to the right value so it doesn't run again." msgstr "這是 shell 指令稿實用的樣板程式碼。把它放在您要鎖定的 shell 指令稿頂端，它就會在第一次執行時自動鎖定自己。若環境變數 *$FLOCKER* 未設為正在執行的 shell 指令稿，則會先執行 *flock* 並取得獨占的非阻塞鎖定（以指令稿本身作為鎖定檔），再以正確的引數重新執行自己。它也會將 *FLOCKER* 環境變數設為正確的值，因此不會再次執行。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:132 #, no-wrap msgid "shell> exec 4<>/var/lock/mylockfile; shell> flock -n 4" msgstr "shell> exec 4<>/var/lock/mylockfile; shell> flock -n 4" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:134 msgid "This form is convenient for locking a file without spawning a subprocess. The shell opens the lock file for reading and writing as file descriptor 4, then *flock* is used to lock the descriptor." msgstr "這種形式適合在不想產生子處理程序的情況下鎖定檔案。shell 以檔案描述符 4 開啟鎖定檔以供讀寫，然後使用 *flock* 鎖定該描述符。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:138 msgid "mailto:hpa@zytor.com[H. Peter Anvin]" msgstr "mailto:hpa@zytor.com[H. Peter Anvin]" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {copyright} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:143 msgid "Copyright {copyright} 2003-2006 H. Peter Anvin. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE." msgstr "版權所有 {copyright} 2003-2006 H. Peter Anvin。這是自由軟體；複製條件請參閱原始碼。不提供任何保固；即使是針對特定用途的適銷性（MERCHANTABILITY）或適用性（FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE）也不提供。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:148 msgid "*flock*(2), *fcntl*(2)" msgstr "*flock*(2), *fcntl*(2)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "fsfreeze(8)" msgstr "fsfreeze(8)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:12 msgid "fsfreeze - suspend access to a filesystem (Ext3/4, ReiserFS, JFS, XFS)" msgstr "fsfreeze - 暫停對檔案系統的存取（Ext3/4、ReiserFS、JFS、XFS）" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:16 msgid "*fsfreeze* *--freeze*|*--unfreeze* _mountpoint_" msgstr "*fsfreeze* *--freeze*|*--unfreeze* _mountpoint_" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:20 msgid "*fsfreeze* suspends or resumes access to a filesystem." msgstr "*fsfreeze* 暫停或恢復對檔案系統的存取。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:22 msgid "*fsfreeze* halts any new access to the filesystem and creates a stable image on disk. *fsfreeze* is intended to be used with hardware RAID devices that support the creation of snapshots." msgstr "*fsfreeze* 會停止對檔案系統的任何新存取，並在磁碟上建立穩定的映像。*fsfreeze* 設計用於搭配支援建立快照的硬體 RAID 裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:24 msgid "*fsfreeze* is unnecessary for *device-mapper* devices. The device-mapper (and LVM) automatically freezes a filesystem on the device when a snapshot creation is requested. For more details see the *dmsetup*(8) man page." msgstr "對於 *device-mapper* 裝置，*fsfreeze* 是不必要的。當要求建立快照時，device-mapper（與 LVM）會自動凍結裝置上的檔案系統。更多詳細資訊請參閱 *dmsetup*(8) 的 man page。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:26 msgid "The _mountpoint_ argument is the pathname of the directory where the filesystem is mounted. The filesystem must be mounted to be frozen (see *mount*(8))." msgstr "_mountpoint_ 引數是檔案系統所掛載目錄的路徑名稱。要凍結的檔案系統必須已掛載（請參閱 *mount*(8)）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:28 msgid "Note that access-time updates are also suspended if the filesystem is mounted with the traditional atime behavior (mount option *strictatime*, for more details see *mount*(8))." msgstr "請注意，若檔案系統以傳統的 atime 行為掛載（掛載選項 *strictatime*，更多詳細資訊請參閱 *mount*(8)），則存取時間的更新也會被暫停。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--freeze*" msgstr "*-f*, *--freeze*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:33 msgid "This option requests the specified filesystem to be frozen from new modifications. When this is selected, all ongoing transactions in the filesystem are allowed to complete, new *write*(2) system calls are halted, other calls which modify the filesystem are halted, and all dirty data, metadata, and log information are written to disk. Any process attempting to write to the frozen filesystem will block waiting for the filesystem to be unfrozen." msgstr "此選項要求指定的檔案系統停止新的修改並凍結。選取此選項時，檔案系統中所有進行中的交易都允許完成，新的 *write*(2) 系統呼叫會被停止，其他會修改檔案系統的呼叫也會被停止，而所有髒資料、中繼資料與記錄資訊都會寫入磁碟。任何嘗試寫入已凍結檔案系統的處理程序都會阻塞，等待檔案系統解凍。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:35 msgid "Note that even after freezing, the on-disk filesystem can contain information on files that are still in the process of unlinking. These files will not be unlinked until the filesystem is unfrozen or a clean mount of the snapshot is complete." msgstr "請注意，即使凍結之後，磁碟上的檔案系統仍可能含有仍在解除連結過程中的檔案資訊。這些檔案在檔案系統解凍或快照完成乾淨掛載之前，不會被解除連結。" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--unfreeze*" msgstr "*-u*, *--unfreeze*" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:38 msgid "This option is used to un-freeze the filesystem and allow operations to continue. Any filesystem modifications that were blocked by the freeze are unblocked and allowed to complete." msgstr "此選項用於解凍檔案系統，並允許操作繼續進行。所有被凍結阻擋的檔案系統修改都會解除阻擋並允許完成。" #. type: Title == #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "FILESYSTEM SUPPORT" msgstr "檔案系統支援" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:44 msgid "This command will work only if filesystem supports has support for freezing. List of these filesystems include (2016-12-18) *btrfs*, *ext2/3/4*, *f2fs*, *jfs*, *nilfs2*, *reiserfs*, and *xfs*. Previous list may be incomplete, as more filesystems get support. If in doubt easiest way to know if a filesystem has support is create a small loopback mount and test freezing it." msgstr "此指令僅在檔案系統支援凍結時才能運作。這些檔案系統的清單（2016-12-18）包括 *btrfs*、*ext2/3/4*、*f2fs*、*jfs*、*nilfs2*、*reiserfs* 與 *xfs*。上述清單可能不完整，因為會有更多檔案系統獲得支援。若有所懷疑，要知道某個檔案系統是否支援，最簡單的方式是建立一個小的 loopback 掛載並測試凍結它。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:48 msgid "This man page is based on *xfs_freeze*(8)." msgstr "此 man page 以 *xfs_freeze*(8) 為基礎。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:52 msgid "Written by Hajime Taira." msgstr "由 Hajime Taira 撰寫。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:56 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:71 msgid "*mount*(8)" msgstr "*mount*(8)" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "fstab(5)" msgstr "fstab(5)" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:48 msgid "fstab - static information about the filesystems" msgstr "fstab - 檔案系統的靜態資訊" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:56 msgid "The file *fstab* contains descriptive information about the filesystems the system can mount. *fstab* is only read by programs, and not written; it is the duty of the system administrator to properly create and maintain this file. The order of records in *fstab* is important because *fsck*(8), *mount*(8), and *umount*(8) sequentially iterate through *fstab* doing their thing." msgstr "檔案 *fstab* 含有系統可掛載之檔案系統的描述性資訊。*fstab* 只會被程式讀取，不會被寫入；妥善建立與維護此檔案是系統管理員的職責。*fstab* 中記錄的順序很重要，因為 *fsck*(8)、*mount*(8) 與 *umount*(8) 會依序走訪 *fstab* 並執行各自的工作。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:58 msgid "The file is not read by *mount*(8) only but often is used by many other tools and daemons, and proper functionality may require additional steps. For example, on systemd-based systems, it's recommended to use *systemctl daemon-reload* after *fstab* modification." msgstr "此檔案不只被 *mount*(8) 讀取，也常被許多其他工具與常駐程式使用，而且正確的功能可能還需要額外的步驟。例如，在基於 systemd 的系統上，建議在修改 *fstab* 後使用 *systemctl daemon-reload*。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:60 msgid "See the *swapon*(8) man page for details about swap area fstab configuration." msgstr "關於置換空間 fstab 組態的詳細資訊，請參閱 *swapon*(8) 的 man page。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:62 msgid "Each filesystem is described on a separate line, with fields separated by tabs or spaces. The line is split into fields before being parsed. This means that any spaces or tabs within the fields must be escaped using \\040 or \\011, even within quoted strings (e.g. LABEL=\"foo\\040bar\")." msgstr "每個檔案系統都用單獨一行來描述，欄位之間以定位字元或空格分隔。該行會在剖析前先分割成欄位。這表示欄位內部的任何空格或定位字元都必須使用 \\040 或 \\011 來逸出，即使在帶引號的字串內也是如此（例如 LABEL=\"foo\\040bar\"）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:64 msgid "Lines starting with '#' are comments. Blank lines are ignored." msgstr "以 '#' 開頭的行是註解。空白行會被忽略。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:66 msgid "The following is a typical example of an *fstab* entry:" msgstr "以下是 *fstab* 條目的典型範例：" #. type: delimited block . #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "LABEL=t-home2 /home ext4 defaults,auto_da_alloc 0 2\n" msgstr "LABEL=t-home2 /home ext4 defaults,auto_da_alloc 0 2\n" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "The first field (_fs_spec_)." msgstr "第一個欄位（_fs_spec_）。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:74 msgid "This field describes the block special device, remote filesystem or filesystem image for loop device to be mounted or swap file or swap device to be enabled." msgstr "此欄位描述要掛載的區塊特殊裝置、遠端檔案系統或 loop 裝置的檔案系統映像，或要啟用的置換檔案或置換裝置。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:76 msgid "For ordinary mounts, it will hold (a link to) a block special device node (as created by *mknod*(2)) for the device to be mounted, like _/dev/cdrom_ or _/dev/sdb7_. For NFS mounts, this field is _:_, e.g., _knuth.aeb.nl:/_. For filesystems with no storage, any string can be used, and will show up in *df*(1) output, for example. Typical usage is _proc_ for *procfs*; _mem_, _none_, or _tmpfs_ for *tmpfs*. Other special filesystems, like *udev* and *sysfs*, are typically not listed in *fstab*." msgstr "對於一般的掛載，它會存放要掛載裝置的區塊特殊裝置節點（由 *mknod*(2) 建立的）（或其連結），例如 _/dev/cdrom_ 或 _/dev/sdb7_。對於 NFS 掛載，此欄位是 _:_，例如 _knuth.aeb.nl:/_。對於沒有儲存空間的檔案系統，可以使用任何字串，例如會顯示在 *df*(1) 輸出中。典型的用法是 *procfs* 使用 _proc_；*tmpfs* 使用 _mem_、_none_ 或 _tmpfs_。其他特殊檔案系統（例如 *udev* 與 *sysfs*）通常不會列在 *fstab* 中。" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:78 msgid "LABEL=