# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-03-24 11:52+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/annotate.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "*--annotate*[**=**_when_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/annotate.adoc:6 msgid "Adds an annotation to each column header name. Such an annotation can be shown as a tooltip by terminals that support this feature. The optional _when_ argument can be *always*, *never*, or *auto*. If the argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*, which means that annotations will only be used when the output goes to a terminal." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../man-common/bugreports.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "REPORTING BUGS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/bugreports.adoc:3 msgid "For bug reports, use the https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/issues[issue tracker]." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "COLORS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:5 msgid "The output colorization is implemented by *terminal-colors.d*(5) functionality. Implicit coloring can be disabled by an empty file" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:7 msgid "_/etc/terminal-colors.d/{command}.disable_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:9 msgid "for the *{command}* command or for all tools by" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:11 msgid "_/etc/terminal-colors.d/disable_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:14 msgid "Since version 2.41, the $NO_COLOR environment variable is also supported to disable output colorization unless explicitly enabled by a command-line option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:17 ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:48 msgid "The user-specific _$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/terminal-colors.d_ or _$HOME/.config/terminal-colors.d_ overrides the global setting." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/colors.adoc:20 msgid "Note that the output colorization may be enabled by default, and in this case _terminal-colors.d_ directories do not have to exist yet." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBSMARTCOLS_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:3 msgid "enables libsmartcols debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:4 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBSMARTCOLS_DEBUG_PADDING*=on" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:6 msgid "use visible padding characters." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBSMARTCOLS_JSON*=compact|lines" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/env-smartcols.adoc:13 msgid "Controls JSON output format when using *--json*. Supported values are *compact* for JSON output with minimal whitespace, and *lines* for JSON Lines format (one JSON object per line). If unset or set to any other value, pretty-printed JSON is used." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../man-common/footer-config.adoc:1 ../man-common/footer-lib.adoc:1 #: ../man-common/footer.adoc:1 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "AVAILABILITY" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep *{configfile}* untranslated, it will be replaced with the name of the configuration file. #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/footer-config.adoc:4 msgid "*{configfile}* is part of the util-linux package which can be downloaded from https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux Kernel Archive]." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep *{lib}* and {firstversion} untranslated, will be replaced with the library name and the version of util-linux where the library appeared for the first time. #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/footer-lib.adoc:4 msgid "The *{lib}* library is part of the util-linux package since version {firstversion}. It can be downloaded from https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux Kernel Archive]." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep *{command}* untranslated, it will be replaced with the command name. #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/footer.adoc:4 msgid "The *{command}* command is part of the util-linux package which can be downloaded from https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux Kernel Archive]." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/help-version.adoc:1 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:246 #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-h*, *--help*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/help-version.adoc:3 ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:116 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:248 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:53 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:53 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:185 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:167 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:84 msgid "Display help text and exit." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/help-version.adoc:4 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:54 #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:45 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-V*, *--version*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/help-version.adoc:5 ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:119 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:251 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:188 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:170 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:87 msgid "Display version and exit." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../man-common/hyperlink.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "*--hyperlink*[**=**_when_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/hyperlink.adoc:5 msgid "Print paths as terminal hyperlinks. The optional _when_ argument can be *always*, *never*, or *auto*. If the argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*, which means that hyperlinks will only be used when the output goes to a terminal." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/in-bytes.adoc:2 msgid "Print sizes in bytes rather than in human-readable form." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/in-bytes.adoc:5 msgid "By default, sizes are shown in units that are powers of 1024 bytes. The formal abbreviations for these units (KiB, MiB, GiB, ...) are further shortened to just their first letter: K, M, G, ...." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../man-common/translation.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "TRANSLATION" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/translation.adoc:6 msgid "For the authors of this translation, see the header of the corresponding *.po file at GNU TP: https://translationproject.org/domain/util-linux-man.html" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Please replace %1 with the address of the mailing list of your #. translation team. #. type: Plain text #: ../man-common/translation.adoc:12 msgid "Report man page translation bugs to: <%1>" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "addpart(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute :man manual: #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:12 ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:12 #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:20 ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:12 #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:10 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:13 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:10 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:4 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:10 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:4 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:4 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:10 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:4 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:13 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:10 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:13 #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:4 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:12 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:19 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:10 #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:4 ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:23 #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:40 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:8 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:8 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:16 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:10 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:8 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:11 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:35 ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:30 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:4 #: ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:4 ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:4 msgid "System Administration" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:17 ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:17 #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:25 ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:17 #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:15 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:19 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:15 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:9 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:15 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:9 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:9 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:15 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:9 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:18 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:15 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:18 #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:9 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:17 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:27 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:15 #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:18 ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:18 #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:18 ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:43 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:43 ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:43 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:43 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:45 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:43 ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:43 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:43 ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:43 #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:19 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:19 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:27 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:15 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:14 ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:17 #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:9 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:9 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:10 ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:29 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:27 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:45 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:18 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:14 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:49 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:9 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:9 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:9 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:9 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:18 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:11 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:9 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:10 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:17 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:16 #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:15 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:45 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:45 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:10 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:10 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:23 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:9 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:9 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:15 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:15 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:14 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:9 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:45 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:14 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:35 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:12 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:10 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:34 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:35 ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:15 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:15 #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:36 ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:45 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:15 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:16 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:15 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:15 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:41 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:45 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:35 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:9 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:9 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:9 #: ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:9 ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:45 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:46 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:10 #: ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:10 ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:18 #: ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:46 ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:48 #: ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:48 ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:46 #: ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:45 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:45 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:47 ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:16 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:48 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:12 #: ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:45 ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:45 #: ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:23 ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:10 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:10 #: ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "NAME" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:20 msgid "addpart - tell the kernel about the existence of a partition" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:21 ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:21 #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:29 ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:21 #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:19 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:23 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:19 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:13 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:19 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:13 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:13 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:19 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:13 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:22 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:19 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:22 #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:13 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:21 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:31 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:19 #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:22 ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:22 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:47 ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:47 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:47 ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:47 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:49 ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:47 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:47 ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:47 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:47 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:23 #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:23 ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:31 #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:19 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:18 #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:21 ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:13 #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:13 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:14 #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:33 ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:31 #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:49 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:22 #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:18 ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:53 #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:13 #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:13 #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:22 ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:15 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:13 #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:14 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:21 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:20 ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:19 #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:49 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:49 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:14 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:14 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:27 ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:13 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:21 ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:19 #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:19 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:18 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:13 ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:49 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:18 ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:39 #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:16 ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:14 #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:38 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:40 #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:19 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:40 #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:49 #: ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:20 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:14 #: ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:14 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:14 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:14 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:14 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:14 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:21 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:49 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:14 ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:39 #: ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:13 ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:13 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:13 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:13 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:49 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:50 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:14 ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:14 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:22 ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:50 #: ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:52 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:52 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:50 ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:49 #: ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:49 ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:51 #: ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:20 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:52 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:16 ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:49 #: ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:49 ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:27 #: ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:14 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:14 #: ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:14 #, no-wrap msgid "SYNOPSIS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:24 msgid "*addpart* _device partition start length_" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:25 ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:29 #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:25 #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:23 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:29 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:23 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:17 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:23 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:17 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:17 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:23 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:17 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:26 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:25 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:28 #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:23 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:25 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:37 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:23 #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:26 ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:28 #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:60 ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:51 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:53 ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:53 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:53 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:60 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:53 ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:54 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:53 ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:55 #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:27 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:27 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:37 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:23 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:22 ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:27 #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:17 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:19 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:18 ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:37 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:35 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:55 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:26 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:28 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:59 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:17 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:19 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:26 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:21 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:23 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:22 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:22 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:25 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:30 #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:23 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:53 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:18 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:18 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:31 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:21 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:19 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:25 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:23 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:23 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:22 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:17 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:27 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:45 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:28 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:24 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:44 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:46 ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:23 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:33 #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:27 ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:48 ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:53 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:27 ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:26 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:18 ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:40 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:18 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:18 ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:18 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:18 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:25 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:62 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:19 #: ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:27 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:53 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:18 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:19 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:25 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:21 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:19 #: ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:19 ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:47 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:17 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:17 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:31 #: ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:17 ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:53 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:54 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:18 #: ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:18 ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:26 #: ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:54 ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:56 #: ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:56 ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:54 #: ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:53 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:53 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:57 ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:24 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:56 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:20 #: ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:53 ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:53 #: ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:31 ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:18 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:22 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:23 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:22 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:21 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:21 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:22 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:23 #: ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:18 #, no-wrap msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:28 msgid "*addpart* tells the Linux kernel about the existence of the specified partition. The command is a simple wrapper around the \"add partition\" ioctl." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:30 ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:30 #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:30 msgid "This command doesn't manipulate partitions on a block device." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:31 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:31 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:136 #, no-wrap msgid "PARAMETERS" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "_device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:35 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:35 msgid "The disk device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:36 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "_partition_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:38 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:38 msgid "The partition number." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "_start_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:41 msgid "The beginning of the partition (in 512-byte sectors)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:42 ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "_length_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:44 msgid "The length of the partition (in 512-byte sectors)." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:47 ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:151 #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:35 ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:76 #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:222 ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:166 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:51 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:100 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:53 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:64 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:82 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:93 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:134 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:137 #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:44 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:484 #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:50 ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:135 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:65 ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:61 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:65 ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:65 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:86 ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:61 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:72 ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:65 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:69 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:95 #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:65 ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:148 #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:184 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:162 #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:51 ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:67 #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:145 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:163 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:76 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:74 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:775 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:183 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:197 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:77 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:83 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:41 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:57 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:75 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:77 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:260 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:83 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:154 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:143 ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:87 #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:254 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:105 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:248 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:118 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:157 ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:56 #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:93 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:99 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:112 ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:98 #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:77 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:75 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:61 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:116 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:156 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:117 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:91 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:154 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:131 ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:54 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:77 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:106 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:50 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:80 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:118 ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:53 #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:49 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:200 #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:121 ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:108 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:144 ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:53 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:147 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:91 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:393 ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:64 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:82 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:90 #: ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:123 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:161 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:125 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:113 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:114 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1812 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:68 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:173 #: ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:63 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:138 #: ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:119 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:83 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:133 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:104 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:41 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:156 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:42 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:218 #: ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:47 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:211 #: ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:301 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:115 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:115 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:164 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:92 ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:120 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:183 ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:83 #: ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:84 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:129 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:94 ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:69 #: ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:328 ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:32 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:221 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:144 #: ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:66 ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:82 #: ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:32 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:47 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:56 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:54 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:45 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:48 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:49 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:52 #: ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/addpart.8.adoc:54 msgid "*delpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "blockdev(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:20 msgid "blockdev - call block device ioctls from the command line" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:24 msgid "*blockdev* [*-q*] [*-v*] _command_ [_command_...] _device_ [_device_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:26 msgid "*blockdev* *--report* [_device_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:28 msgid "*blockdev* *-h*|*-V*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:32 msgid "The utility *blockdev* allows one to call block device ioctls from the command line." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:47 #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:31 ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:52 #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:42 ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:54 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:21 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:47 #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:21 ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:27 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:29 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:33 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:43 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:43 #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:42 ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:37 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:149 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:31 #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:37 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:33 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:53 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:43 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:30 ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:35 #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:25 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:33 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:34 ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:51 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:39 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:59 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:42 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:44 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:69 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:32 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:25 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:24 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:24 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:55 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:31 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:32 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:43 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:61 #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:39 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:59 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:59 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:34 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:31 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:31 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:57 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:35 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:29 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:27 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:31 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:51 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:28 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:73 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:41 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:94 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:51 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:46 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:70 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:68 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:29 #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:80 ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:24 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:27 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:51 #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:25 ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:37 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:39 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:39 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:29 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:56 #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:29 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:27 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:117 ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:27 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:38 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:27 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:24 ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:76 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:52 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:35 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:24 ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:24 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:65 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:35 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:23 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:49 #: ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:33 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:25 #: ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:61 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:26 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:31 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:32 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:29 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:25 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:29 #: ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:25 ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:21 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:53 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:53 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:25 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:41 #: ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:56 ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:88 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:64 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:33 #: ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:35 ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:36 #: ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:62 ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:76 #: ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:62 ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:58 #: ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:61 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:72 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:61 ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:28 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:60 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:28 #: ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:59 ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:57 #: ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:74 ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:24 #, no-wrap msgid "OPTIONS" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-q*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:37 msgid "Be quiet." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:38 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:40 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:60 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:110 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:50 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:94 msgid "Be verbose." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*--report*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:43 msgid "Print a report for the specified device. It is possible to give multiple devices. If none is given, all devices which appear in _/proc/partitions_ are shown. Note that the partition StartSec is in 512-byte sectors." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:46 ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:71 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:23 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:49 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:102 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "COMMANDS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:49 msgid "It is possible to give multiple devices and multiple commands." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*--flushbufs*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:52 msgid "Flush buffers." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getalignoff*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:55 msgid "Get alignment offset." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getbsz*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:58 msgid "Print the blocksize in bytes. This size does not describe device topology. It's the size used internally by the kernel and it may be modified (for example) by filesystem driver on mount." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getdiscardzeroes*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:61 msgid "Get discard zeroes support status." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getdiskseq*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:64 msgid "Get disk sequence number." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getzonesz*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:67 msgid "Get zone size in 512-byte sectors." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getfra*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:70 msgid "Get filesystem readahead in 512-byte sectors." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getiomin*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:73 msgid "Get minimum I/O size." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getioopt*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:76 msgid "Get optimal I/O size." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getmaxsect*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:79 msgid "Get max sectors per request." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getpbsz*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:82 msgid "Get physical block (sector) size." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getra*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:85 msgid "Print readahead (in 512-byte sectors)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getro*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:88 msgid "Get read-only. Print 1 if the device is read-only, 0 otherwise." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getsize64*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:91 msgid "Print device size in bytes." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getsize*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:94 msgid "Print device size (32-bit!) in sectors. Deprecated in favor of the *--getsz* option." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getss*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:97 msgid "Print logical sector size in bytes - usually 512." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:98 #, no-wrap msgid "*--getsz*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:100 msgid "Get size in 512-byte sectors." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "*--rereadpt*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:103 msgid "Reread partition table." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "*--setbsz* _bytes_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:106 msgid "Set blocksize. Note that the block size is specific to the current file descriptor opening the block device, so the change of block size only persists for as long as *blockdev* has the device open, and is lost once *blockdev* exits." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "*--setfra* _sectors_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:109 msgid "Set filesystem readahead (same as *--setra* on 2.6 kernels)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "*--setra* _sectors_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:112 msgid "Set readahead (in 512-byte sectors)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "*--setro*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:115 msgid "Set read-only. The currently active access to the device may not be affected by the change. For example, a filesystem already mounted in read-write mode will not be affected. The change applies after remount." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "*--setrw*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:118 msgid "Set read-write." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:119 ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:145 #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:72 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:215 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:161 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:96 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:45 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:130 #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:57 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:478 #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:46 ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:125 #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:114 ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:61 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:57 ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:61 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:61 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:82 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:57 ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:68 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:61 ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:65 #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:90 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:61 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:144 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:180 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:157 ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:47 #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:63 ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:71 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:72 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:770 #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:179 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:53 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:79 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:37 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:71 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:73 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:256 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:79 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:136 #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:83 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:250 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:243 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:114 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:152 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:87 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:95 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:73 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:71 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:57 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:112 ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:151 #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:109 ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:86 #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:145 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:127 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:72 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:101 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:46 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:72 #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:49 ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:194 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:117 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:103 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:135 #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:49 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:87 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:403 ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:59 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:86 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:82 #: ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:119 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:182 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:154 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:120 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:59 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:109 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:110 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1808 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:64 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:168 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:134 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:77 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:125 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:98 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:37 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:152 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:38 ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:41 #: ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:296 ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:68 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:110 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:356 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:79 ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:101 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:211 ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:129 #: ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:28 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:43 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:52 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:50 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:41 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:44 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:45 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "AUTHORS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/blockdev.8.adoc:122 msgid "*blockdev* was written by Andries E. Brouwer and rewritten by Karel Zak." msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:18 #, no-wrap msgid "cfdisk(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:28 msgid "cfdisk - display or manipulate a disk partition table" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:32 msgid "*cfdisk* [options] [_device_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:36 msgid "*cfdisk* is a curses-based program for partitioning any block device. The default device is _/dev/sda_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:38 msgid "Note that *cfdisk* provides basic partitioning functionality with a user-friendly interface. If you need advanced features, use *fdisk*(8) instead." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:40 msgid "All disk label changes will remain in memory only, and the disk will be unmodified until you decide to write your changes. Be careful before using the write command." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:42 msgid "Since version 2.25 *cfdisk* supports MBR (DOS), GPT, SUN and SGI disk labels, but no longer provides any functionality for CHS (Cylinder-Head-Sector) addressing. CHS has never been important for Linux, and this addressing concept does not make any sense for new devices." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:44 msgid "Since version 2.25 *cfdisk* also does not provide a 'print' command any more. This functionality is provided by the utilities *partx*(8) and *lsblk*(8) in a very comfortable and rich way." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:46 msgid "If you want to remove an old partition table from a device, use *wipefs*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-L*, *--color*[**=**__when__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:51 msgid "Colorize the output. The optional argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. If the _when_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*. The colors can be disabled, for the current built-in default see *--help* output. See also the *COLORS* section." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:52 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:64 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:40 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:51 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:62 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:173 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*--lock*[**=**_mode_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:59 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:71 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:47 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:72 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:58 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:69 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:180 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:65 msgid "Use an exclusive BSD lock for the device or file that is operated upon. The optional argument _mode_ can be *yes* (*1*), *no* (*0*), or *nonblock*. If the _mode_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *yes*. This option overrides the environment variable *$LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE*. The default is to not use any lock at all, but using a lock is recommended to avoid collisions with *systemd-udevd*(8) or other tools." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:60 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:100 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--read-only*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:62 msgid "Forced open in read-only mode." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:63 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--sector-size* _sectorsize_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:65 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:46 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:226 msgid "Specify the sector size of the disk. Valid values are 512, 1024, 2048, and 4096. The kernel is aware of the sector size for regular block devices. Use this option only on very old kernels, when working with disk images, or to override the kernel's default sector size. Since util-linux-2.17, *fdisk* distinguishes between logical and physical sector size. This option changes both sector sizes to the specified _sectorsize_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:66 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:147 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--zero*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:68 msgid "Start with an in-memory zeroed partition table. This option does not zero the partition table on the disk; rather, it simply starts the program without reading the existing partition table. This option allows you to create a new partition table from scratch or from an *sfdisk*(8)-compatible script." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:74 msgid "The commands for *cfdisk* can be entered by pressing the corresponding key (pressing _Enter_ after the command is not necessary). Here is a list of the available commands:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*b*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:77 msgid "Toggle the bootable flag of the current partition. This allows you to select which primary partition is bootable on the drive. This command may not be available for all partition label types." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:78 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*d*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:80 msgid "Delete the current partition. This will convert the current partition into free space and merge it with any free space immediately surrounding the current partition. A partition already marked as free space or marked as unusable cannot be deleted." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:81 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:79 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "*h*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:83 msgid "Show the help screen." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:84 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:76 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:79 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:142 #, no-wrap msgid "*n*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:86 msgid "Create a new partition from free space. *cfdisk* then prompts you for the size of the partition you want to create. The default size is equal to the entire available free space at the current position." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:88 msgid "The size may be followed by a multiplicative suffix: KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\")." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*q*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:91 msgid "Quit the program. This will exit the program without writing any data to the disk." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:92 ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*r*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:94 msgid "Reduce or enlarge the current partition. *cfdisk* then prompts you for the new size of the partition. The default size is the current size. A partition marked as free space or marked as unusable cannot be resized." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:96 msgid "*Note that reducing the size of a partition might destroy data on that partition.*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:97 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:124 #, no-wrap msgid "*s*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:99 msgid "Sort the partitions in ascending start-sector order. When deleting and adding partitions, it is likely that the numbering of the partitions will no longer match their order on the disk. This command restores that match." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:100 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "*t*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:102 msgid "Change the partition type. By default, new partitions are created as _Linux_ partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*u*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:105 msgid "Dump the current in-memory partition table to an **sfdisk**(8)-compatible script file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:107 msgid "The script files are compatible between *cfdisk*, *fdisk*(8) *sfdisk*(8) and other libfdisk applications. For more details see *sfdisk*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:109 msgid "It is also possible to load an sfdisk-script into *cfdisk* if there is no partition table on the device or when you start *cfdisk* with the *--zero* command-line option." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "*W*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:112 msgid "Write the partition table to disk (you must enter an uppercase W). Since this might destroy data on the disk, you must either confirm or deny the write by entering `yes' or `no'. If you enter `yes', *cfdisk* will write the partition table to disk and then tell the kernel to re-read the partition table from the disk." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:114 msgid "The re-reading of the partition table does not always work. In such a case you need to inform the kernel about any new partitions by using *partprobe*(8) or *partx*(8), or by rebooting the system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:115 #, no-wrap msgid "*x*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:117 msgid "Toggle extra information about a partition." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:118 #, no-wrap msgid "_Up Arrow_, _Down Arrow_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:120 msgid "Move the cursor to the previous or next partition. If there are more partitions than can be displayed on a screen, you can display the next (previous) set of partitions by moving down (up) at the last (first) partition displayed on the screen." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:121 #, no-wrap msgid "_Left Arrow_, _Right Arrow_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:123 msgid "Select the preceding or the next menu item. Hitting _Enter_ will execute the currently selected item." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:125 msgid "All commands can be entered with either uppercase or lowercase letters (except for **W**rite). When in a submenu or at a prompt, you can hit the _Esc_ key to return to the main menu." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:128 msgid "*cfdisk* does not support color customization with a color-scheme file." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:129 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:199 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:130 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:77 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:102 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:103 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:436 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:41 #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:191 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:149 #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:67 ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:63 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:123 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:175 #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:67 ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:68 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:217 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:136 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:156 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:81 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:221 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:72 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:83 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:130 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:67 ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:114 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:91 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:372 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:61 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:154 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:124 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:101 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:102 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:103 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1751 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:172 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:188 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:130 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:255 #: ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:176 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:119 #: ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "ENVIRONMENT" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "*CFDISK_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:133 msgid "enables cfdisk debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:134 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:204 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:440 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBFDISK_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:136 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:206 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:442 msgid "enables libfdisk debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:137 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:207 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:442 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:226 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1762 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:177 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBBLKID_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:139 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:209 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:148 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:106 #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:107 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:445 #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:45 ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:72 msgid "enables libblkid debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:142 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:212 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:446 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE*=" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:144 ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:214 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:81 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:109 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:448 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:98 msgid "use exclusive BSD lock. The mode is \"1\" or \"0\". See *--lock* for more details." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:148 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:481 #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:117 ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:66 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:259 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:115 #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:52 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:197 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:113 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1811 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:67 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:82 msgid "mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:150 msgid "The current *cfdisk* implementation is based on the original *cfdisk* from mailto:martin@cs.unc.edu[Kevin E. Martin]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/cfdisk.8.adoc:158 msgid "*fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8), *sfdisk*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "delpart(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:20 msgid "delpart - tell the kernel to forget about a partition" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:24 msgid "*delpart* _device partition_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:28 msgid "*delpart* asks the Linux kernel to forget about the specified _partition_ (a number) on the specified _device_. The command is a simple wrapper around the \"del partition\" ioctl." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/delpart.8.adoc:42 msgid "*addpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "fdformat(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:18 msgid "fdformat - low-level format a floppy disk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:22 msgid "*fdformat* [options] _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:26 msgid "*fdformat* does a low-level format on a floppy disk. _device_ is usually one of the following (for floppy devices the major = 2, and the minor is shown for informational purposes only):" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "" "/dev/fd0d360 (minor = 4)\n" "/dev/fd0h1200 (minor = 8)\n" "/dev/fd0D360 (minor = 12)\n" "/dev/fd0H360 (minor = 12)\n" "/dev/fd0D720 (minor = 16)\n" "/dev/fd0H720 (minor = 16)\n" "/dev/fd0h360 (minor = 20)\n" "/dev/fd0h720 (minor = 24)\n" "/dev/fd0H1440 (minor = 28)\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "" "/dev/fd1d360 (minor = 5)\n" "/dev/fd1h1200 (minor = 9)\n" "/dev/fd1D360 (minor = 13)\n" "/dev/fd1H360 (minor = 13)\n" "/dev/fd1D720 (minor = 17)\n" "/dev/fd1H720 (minor = 17)\n" "/dev/fd1h360 (minor = 21)\n" "/dev/fd1h720 (minor = 25)\n" "/dev/fd1H1440 (minor = 29)\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:51 msgid "The generic floppy devices, _/dev/fd0_ and _/dev/fd1_, will fail to work with *fdformat* when a non-standard format is being used, or if the format has not been autodetected earlier. In this case, use *setfdprm*(8) to load the disk parameters." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--from* _N_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:56 msgid "Start at the track _N_ (default is 0)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--to* _N_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:59 msgid "Stop at the track _N_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--repair* _N_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:62 msgid "Try to repair tracks failed during the verification (max _N_ retries)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--no-verify*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:65 msgid "Skip the verification that is normally performed after the formatting." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:68 ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:156 #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:110 ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:47 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:449 ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:136 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:132 ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:53 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:52 ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:155 #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:49 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:75 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:130 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:237 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:135 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:83 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:145 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:105 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:68 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:115 #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:35 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:101 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:107 ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:135 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:191 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:77 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:82 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:150 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:140 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:60 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:161 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:113 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:92 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:113 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:136 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:188 ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:33 #: ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:66 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:172 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:137 ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:75 #: ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:92 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:138 #, no-wrap msgid "NOTES" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:71 msgid "This utility does not handle USB floppy disk drives. Use *ufiformat*(8) instead." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:75 msgid "mailto:almesber@nessie.cs.id.ethz.ch[Werner Almesberger]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdformat.8.adoc:83 msgid "*fd*(4), *emkfs*(8), *mkfs*(8), *setfdprm*(8), *ufiformat*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:11 #, no-wrap msgid "fdisk(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:22 msgid "fdisk - manipulate disk partition table" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:26 msgid "*fdisk* [options] _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:28 msgid "*fdisk* *-l* [_device_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:32 msgid "*fdisk* is a dialog-driven program for creation and manipulation of partition tables. It understands GPT, MBR, Sun, SGI and BSD partition tables." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:34 msgid "Block devices can be divided into one or more logical disks called _partitions_. This division is recorded in the _partition table_, usually found in sector 0 of the disk. (In the BSD world one talks about `disk slices' and a `disklabel'.)" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:37 msgid "All partitioning is driven by device I/O limits (the topology) by default. *fdisk* is able to optimize the disk layout for a 4K-sector size and use an alignment offset on modern devices for MBR and GPT. It is always a good idea to follow *fdisk*'s defaults as the default values (e.g., first and last partition sectors) and partition sizes specified by the {plus}/-{M,G,...} notation are always aligned according to the device properties." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:39 msgid "CHS (Cylinder-Head-Sector) addressing is deprecated and not used by default. Please, do not follow old articles and recommendations with *fdisk -S -H * advice for SSD or 4K-sector devices." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:41 msgid "Note that *partx*(8) provides a rich interface for scripts to print disk layouts, *fdisk* is mostly designed for humans. Backward compatibility in the output of *fdisk* is not guaranteed. The input (the commands) should always be backward compatible." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*-B*, *--protect-boot*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:49 msgid "Don't erase the beginning of the first disk sector when creating a new disk label. This feature is supported for GPT and MBR." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--compatibility*[**=**_mode_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:52 msgid "Specify the compatibility mode: 'dos' or 'nondos'. The default is non-DOS mode. For backward compatibility, it is possible to use the option without the _mode_ argument -- then the default is used. Note that the optional _mode_ argument cannot be separated from the *-c* option by a space; the correct form is *-c=dos*, for example." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:53 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:83 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:87 #, no-wrap msgid "*-L*, *--color*[**=**_when_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:55 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:166 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:130 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:225 msgid "Colorize the output. The optional argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. If the _when_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*. The colors can be disabled; for the current built-in default see the *--help* output. See also the *COLORS* section." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:56 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:49 #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:56 ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:97 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:77 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:106 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:68 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:44 ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:58 msgid "List the partition tables for the specified devices and then exit." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:60 msgid "If no devices are given, the devices mentioned in _/proc/partitions_ (if this file exists) are used. Devices are always listed in the order in which they are specified on the command-line, or by the kernel listed in _/proc/partitions_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--list-details*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:63 msgid "Like *--list*, but provides more details." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--noauto-pt*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:74 msgid "Don't automatically create a default partition table on empty device. The partition table has to be explicitly created by user (by command like 'o', 'g', etc.)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:75 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:71 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:215 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:72 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:49 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:116 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:95 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:39 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:53 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:26 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:80 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:32 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:79 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:50 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:48 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:39 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--output* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:77 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:217 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:55 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:61 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:71 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:82 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:52 msgid "Specify which output columns to print. Use *--help* to get a list of all supported columns." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:79 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _{plus}list_ (e.g., *-o {plus}UUID*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*--bytes**" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:83 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:163 msgid "Print SIZE in bytes rather than in human readable format." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:84 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--getsz*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:86 msgid "Print the size in 512-byte sectors of each given block device. This option is DEPRECATED in favour of *blockdev*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:87 ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:29 #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:86 ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:40 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:78 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--type* _type_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:89 msgid "Enable support only for disklabels of the specified _type_, and disable support for all other types." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--units*[**=**_unit_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:92 msgid "When listing partition tables, show sizes in 'sectors' or in 'cylinders'. The default is to show sizes in sectors. For backward compatibility, it is possible to use the option without the _unit_ argument -- then the default is used. Note that the optional _unit_ argument cannot be separated from the *-u* option by a space; the correct form is *-u=cylinders*, for example." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--cylinders* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:95 msgid "Specify the _number_ of cylinders of the disk. I have no idea why anybody would want to do so." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:96 #, no-wrap msgid "*-H*, *--heads* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:98 msgid "Specify the number of heads of the disk. (Not the physical number, of course, but the number used for partition tables.) Reasonable values are 255 and 16." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--sectors* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:101 msgid "Specify the number of sectors per track of the disk. (Not the physical number, of course, but the number used for partition tables.) A reasonable value is 63." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:102 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:240 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--wipe* _when_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:104 msgid "Wipe filesystem, RAID and partition-table signatures from the device, in order to avoid possible collisions. The argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. When this option is not given, the default is *auto*, in which case signatures are wiped only when in interactive mode. In all cases detected signatures are reported by warning messages before a new partition table is created. See also *wipefs*(8) command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:105 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:243 #, no-wrap msgid "*-W*, *--wipe-partitions* _when_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:107 msgid "Wipe filesystem, RAID and partition-table signatures from a newly created partitions, in order to avoid possible collisions. The argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. When this option is not given, the default is *auto*, in which case signatures are wiped only when in interactive mode and after confirmation by user. In all cases detected signatures are reported by warning messages before a new partition is created. See also *wipefs*(8) command." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "DEVICES" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:113 msgid "The _device_ is usually _/dev/sda_, _/dev/sdb_ or so. A device name refers to the entire disk. Old systems without libata (a library used inside the Linux kernel to support ATA host controllers and devices) make a difference between IDE and SCSI disks. In such cases the device name will be _/dev/hd*_ (IDE) or _/dev/sd*_ (SCSI)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:115 msgid "The _partition_ is a device name followed by a partition number. For example, _/dev/sda1_ is the first partition on the first hard disk in the system. See also Linux kernel documentation (the _Documentation/admin-guide/devices.txt_ file)." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "SIZES" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:120 msgid "The \"last sector\" dialog accepts partition size specified by number of sectors or by {plus}/-{K,B,M,G,...} notation." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:123 msgid "If the size is prefixed by '{plus}' then it is interpreted as relative to the partition first sector. If the size is prefixed by '-' then it is interpreted as relative to the high limit (last available sector for the partition)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:125 msgid "In the case the size is specified in bytes, then the number may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (1024 bytes), MiB (1024*1024 bytes), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB. The \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\"." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:128 msgid "The relative sizes if specified with multiplicative suffixes (e.g. +100MiB) are always aligned according to device I/O limits. The {plus}/-{K,B,M,G,...} notation is recommended." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:130 msgid "The last sector of the partition is strictly calculated as + (without -1) if the size is specified by the + notation. In this case, the size is not aligned to the device I/O limits." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:132 msgid "For backward compatibility *fdisk* also accepts the suffixes KB (1000 bytes), MB (1000*1000 bytes), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB. These 10^N suffixes are deprecated." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:133 #, no-wrap msgid "SCRIPT FILES" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:136 msgid "*fdisk* allows reading (by 'I' command) *sfdisk*(8) compatible script files. The script is applied to in-memory partition table, and then it is possible to modify the partition table before you write it to the device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:138 msgid "And vice-versa it is possible to write the current in-memory disk layout to the script file by command 'O'." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:140 msgid "The script files are compatible between *cfdisk*(8), *sfdisk*(8), *fdisk* and other libfdisk applications. For more details see *sfdisk*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "DISK LABELS" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "*GPT (GUID Partition Table)*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:145 msgid "GPT is modern standard for the layout of the partition table. GPT uses 64-bit logical block addresses, checksums, UUIDs and names for partitions and an unlimited number of partitions (although the number of partitions is usually restricted to 128 in many partitioning tools)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:147 msgid "Note that the first sector is still reserved for a *protective MBR* in the GPT specification. It prevents MBR-only partitioning tools from mis-recognizing and overwriting GPT disks." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:149 msgid "GPT is always a better choice than MBR, especially on modern hardware with a UEFI boot loader." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:150 #, no-wrap msgid "*DOS-type (MBR)*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:152 msgid "A DOS-type partition table can describe an unlimited number of partitions. In sector 0 there is room for the description of 4 partitions (called `primary'). One of these may be an extended partition; this is a box holding logical partitions, with descriptors found in a linked list of sectors, each preceding the corresponding logical partitions. The four primary partitions, present or not, get numbers 1-4. Logical partitions are numbered starting from 5." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:154 msgid "In a DOS-type partition table the starting offset and the size of each partition is stored in two ways: as an absolute number of sectors (given in 32 bits), and as a *Cylinders/Heads/Sectors* triple (given in 10{plus}8{plus}6 bits). The former is OK -- with 512-byte sectors this will work up to 2 TB. The latter has two problems. First, these C/H/S fields can be filled only when the number of heads and the number of sectors per track are known. And second, even if we know what these numbers should be, the 24 bits that are available do not suffice. DOS uses C/H/S only, Windows uses both, Linux never uses C/H/S. The *C/H/S addressing is deprecated* and may be unsupported in some later *fdisk* version." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:157 msgid "*Please, read the DOS-mode section if you want DOS-compatible partitions.* *fdisk* does not care about cylinder boundaries by default." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "*BSD/Sun-type*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:160 msgid "A BSD/Sun disklabel can describe 8 partitions, the third of which should be a `whole disk' partition. Do not start a partition that actually uses its first sector (like a swap partition) at cylinder 0, since that will destroy the disklabel. Note that a *BSD label* is usually nested within a DOS partition." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:161 #, no-wrap msgid "*IRIX/SGI-type*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:163 msgid "An IRIX/SGI disklabel can describe 16 partitions, the eleventh of which should be an entire `volume' partition, while the ninth should be labeled `volume header'. The volume header will also cover the partition table, i.e., it starts at block zero and extends by default over five cylinders. The remaining space in the volume header may be used by header directory entries. No partitions may overlap with the volume header. Also do not change its type or make some filesystem on it, since you will lose the partition table. Use this type of label only when working with Linux on IRIX/SGI machines or IRIX/SGI disks under Linux." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:165 msgid "A *sync*(2) and an ioctl(BLKRRPART) (rereading the partition table from disk) are performed before exiting when the partition table has been updated." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:166 #, no-wrap msgid "DOS mode and DOS 6.x WARNING" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:169 msgid "*Note that all this is deprecated. You don't have to care about things like* *geometry and cylinders on modern operating systems. If you really want* *DOS-compatible partitioning then you have to enable DOS mode and cylinder* *units by using the '-c=dos -u=cylinders' fdisk command-line options.*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:171 msgid "The DOS 6.x FORMAT command looks for some information in the first sector of the data area of the partition, and treats this information as more reliable than the information in the partition table. DOS FORMAT expects DOS FDISK to clear the first 512 bytes of the data area of a partition whenever a size change occurs. DOS FORMAT will look at this extra information even if the /U flag is given -- we consider this a bug in DOS FORMAT and DOS FDISK." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:173 msgid "The bottom line is that if you use *fdisk* or *cfdisk*(8) to change the size of a DOS partition table entry, then you must also use *dd*(1) to *zero the first 512 bytes* of that partition before using DOS FORMAT to format the partition. For example, if you were using *fdisk* to make a DOS partition table entry for _/dev/sda1_, then (after exiting *fdisk* and rebooting Linux so that the partition table information is valid) you would use the command *dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda1 bs=512 count=1* to zero the first 512 bytes of the partition." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:175 msgid "*fdisk* usually obtains the disk geometry automatically. This is not necessarily the physical disk geometry (indeed, modern disks do not really have anything like a physical geometry, certainly not something that can be described in the simplistic Cylinders/Heads/Sectors form), but it is the disk geometry that MS-DOS uses for the partition table." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:177 msgid "Usually all goes well by default, and there are no problems if Linux is the only system on the disk. However, if the disk has to be shared with other operating systems, it is often a good idea to let an *fdisk* from another operating system make at least one partition. When Linux boots it looks at the partition table, and tries to deduce what (fake) geometry is required for good cooperation with other systems." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:179 msgid "Whenever a partition table is printed out in DOS mode, a consistency check is performed on the partition table entries. This check verifies that the physical and logical start and end points are identical, and that each partition starts and ends on a cylinder boundary (except for the first partition)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:181 msgid "Some versions of MS-DOS create a first partition which does not begin on a cylinder boundary, but on sector 2 of the first cylinder. Partitions beginning in cylinder 1 cannot begin on a cylinder boundary, but this is unlikely to cause difficulty unless you have OS/2 on your machine." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:183 msgid "For best results, you should always use an OS-specific partition table program. For example, you should make DOS partitions with the DOS FDISK program and Linux partitions with the Linux *fdisk* or Linux *cfdisk*(8) programs." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:186 msgid "The logical color names supported by *fdisk* are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:187 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:429 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:173 #, no-wrap msgid "*header*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:189 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:431 msgid "The header of the output tables." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:190 #, no-wrap msgid "*help-title*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:192 msgid "The help section titles." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:193 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:431 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:184 #, no-wrap msgid "*warn*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:195 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:433 msgid "The warning messages." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:196 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:433 #, no-wrap msgid "*welcome*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:198 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:435 msgid "The welcome message." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:201 #, no-wrap msgid "*FDISK_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:203 msgid "enables fdisk debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:219 msgid "mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak], mailto:dave@gnu.org[Davidlohr Bueso]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:221 msgid "The original version was written by Andries E. Brouwer, A. V. Le Blanc and others." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fdisk.8.adoc:228 msgid "*cfdisk*(8), *mkfs*(8), *partx*(8), *sfdisk*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "fsck(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:18 msgid "fsck - check and repair a Linux filesystem" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:22 msgid "*fsck* [*-lsAVRTMNP*] [*-r* [_fd_]] [*-C* [_fd_]] [*-t* _fstype_] [_filesystem_...] [*--*] [_fs-specific-options_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:26 msgid "*fsck* is used to check and optionally repair one or more Linux filesystems. _filesystem_ can be a device name (e.g., _/dev/hdc1_, _/dev/sdb2_), a mount point (e.g., _/_, _/usr_, _/home_), or a filesystem label or UUID specifier (e.g., UUID=8868abf6-88c5-4a83-98b8-bfc24057f7bd or LABEL=root). Normally, the *fsck* program will try to handle filesystems on different physical disk drives in parallel to reduce the total amount of time needed to check all of them." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:28 msgid "If no filesystems are specified on the command line, and the *-A* option is not specified, *fsck* will default to checking filesystems in _/etc/fstab_ serially. This is equivalent to the *-As* options." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:30 msgid "The exit status returned by *fsck* is the sum of the following conditions:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:31 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:42 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:82 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:35 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:77 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:44 #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:32 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:48 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:61 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:70 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:48 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:123 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:74 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:48 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:63 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:63 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:83 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:96 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1710 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:46 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:147 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:137 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*0*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:84 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:88 msgid "No errors" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:37 #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:46 ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:73 #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:34 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:50 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:63 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:72 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:125 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:77 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:50 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:66 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:66 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:86 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:98 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1713 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:49 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:140 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "*1*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:35 msgid "Filesystem errors corrected" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:35 ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:76 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:65 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:80 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:52 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:69 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:100 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:981 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1716 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:150 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "*2*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:37 msgid "System should be rebooted" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:37 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:44 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:86 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:83 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1719 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:153 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:146 #, no-wrap msgid "*4*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:39 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:88 msgid "Filesystem errors left uncorrected" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:39 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:46 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:90 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:79 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1722 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:156 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "*8*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:41 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:92 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:90 msgid "Operational error" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:41 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:48 #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:92 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1725 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:159 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:152 #, no-wrap msgid "*16*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:43 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:94 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:92 msgid "Usage or syntax error" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:43 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:39 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1728 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:52 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:162 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:155 #, no-wrap msgid "*32*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:45 msgid "Checking canceled by user request" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*128*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:47 msgid "Shared-library error" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:49 msgid "The exit status returned when multiple filesystems are checked is the bit-wise OR of the exit statuses for each filesystem that is checked." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:51 msgid "In actuality, *fsck* is simply a front-end for the various filesystem checkers (*fsck*._fstype_) available under Linux. The filesystem-specific checker is searched for in the *PATH* environment variable. If the *PATH* is undefined then fallback to _/sbin_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:53 msgid "Please see the filesystem-specific checker manual pages for further details." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:56 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:54 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:58 msgid "Create an exclusive *flock*(2) lock file (_/run/fsck/.lock_) for whole-disk device. This option can be used with one device only (this means that *-A* and *-l* are mutually exclusive). This option is recommended when more *fsck* instances are executed in the same time. The option is ignored when used for multiple devices or for non-rotating disks. *fsck* does not lock underlying devices when executed to check stacked devices (e.g. MD or DM) - this feature is not implemented yet." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r* [_fd_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:61 msgid "Report certain statistics for each fsck when it completes. These statistics include the exit status, the maximum run set size (in kilobytes), the elapsed all-clock time and the user and system CPU time used by the fsck run. For example:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:63 msgid "*/dev/sda1: status 0, rss 92828, real 4.002804, user 2.677592, sys 0.86186*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:65 msgid "GUI front-ends may specify a file descriptor _fd_, in which case the progress bar information will be sent to that file descriptor in a machine parsable format. For example:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:67 msgid "*/dev/sda1 0 92828 4.002804 2.677592 0.86186*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:68 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:59 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:81 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:445 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:70 msgid "Serialize *fsck* operations. This is a good idea if you are checking multiple filesystems and the checkers are in an interactive mode. (Note: *e2fsck*(8) runs in an interactive mode by default. To make *e2fsck*(8) run in a non-interactive mode, you must either specify the *-p* or *-a* option, if you wish for errors to be corrected automatically, or the *-n* option if you do not.)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t* _fslist_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:73 msgid "Specifies the type(s) of filesystem to be checked. When the *-A* flag is specified, only filesystems that match _fslist_ are checked. The _fslist_ parameter is a comma-separated list of filesystems and options specifiers. All of the filesystems in this comma-separated list may be prefixed by a negation operator '*no*' or '*!*', which requests that only those filesystems not listed in _fslist_ will be checked. If none of the filesystems in _fslist_ is prefixed by a negation operator, then only those listed filesystems will be checked." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:75 msgid "Options specifiers may be included in the comma-separated _fslist_. They must have the format **opts=**__fs-option__. If an options specifier is present, then only filesystems which contain _fs-option_ in their mount options field of _/etc/fstab_ will be checked. If the options specifier is prefixed by a negation operator, then only those filesystems that do not have _fs-option_ in their mount options field of _/etc/fstab_ will be checked." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:77 msgid "For example, if *opts=ro* appears in _fslist_, then only filesystems listed in _/etc/fstab_ with the *ro* option will be checked." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:79 msgid "For compatibility with Mandrake distributions whose boot scripts depend upon an unauthorized UI change to the *fsck* program, if a filesystem type of *loop* is found in _fslist_, it is treated as if *opts=loop* were specified as an argument to the *-t* option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:81 msgid "Normally, the filesystem type is deduced by searching for _filesys_ in the _/etc/fstab_ file and using the corresponding entry. If the type cannot be deduced, and there is only a single filesystem given as an argument to the *-t* option, *fsck* will use the specified filesystem type. If this type is not available, then the default filesystem type (currently ext2) is used." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-A*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:84 msgid "Walk through the _/etc/fstab_ file and try to check all filesystems in one run. This option is typically used from the _/etc/rc_ system initialization file, instead of multiple commands for checking a single filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:86 msgid "The root filesystem will be checked first unless the *-P* option is specified (see below). After that, filesystems will be checked in the order specified by the _fs_passno_ (the sixth) field in the _/etc/fstab_ file. Filesystems with a _fs_passno_ value of 0 are skipped and are not checked at all. Filesystems with a _fs_passno_ value of greater than zero will be checked in order, with filesystems with the lowest _fs_passno_ number being checked first. If there are multiple filesystems with the same pass number, *fsck* will attempt to check them in parallel, although it will avoid running multiple filesystem checks on the same physical disk." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:88 msgid "*fsck* does not check stacked devices (RAIDs, dm-crypt, ...) in parallel with any other device. See below for *FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL* setting. The _/sys_ filesystem is used to determine dependencies between devices." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:90 msgid "Hence, a very common configuration in _/etc/fstab_ files is to set the root filesystem to have a _fs_passno_ value of 1 and to set all other filesystems to have a _fs_passno_ value of 2. This will allow *fsck* to automatically run filesystem checkers in parallel if it is advantageous to do so. System administrators might choose not to use this configuration if they need to avoid multiple filesystem checks running in parallel for some reason - for example, if the machine in question is short on memory so that excessive paging is a concern." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:92 msgid "*fsck* normally does not check whether the device actually exists before calling a filesystem specific checker. Therefore non-existing devices may cause the system to enter filesystem repair mode during boot if the filesystem specific checker returns a fatal error. The _/etc/fstab_ mount option *nofail* may be used to have *fsck* skip non-existing devices. *fsck* also skips non-existing devices that have the special filesystem type *auto*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C* [_fd_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:95 msgid "Display completion/progress bars for those filesystem checkers (currently only for ext[234]) which support them. *fsck* will manage the filesystem checkers so that only one of them will display a progress bar at a time. GUI front-ends may specify a file descriptor _fd_, in which case the progress bar information will be sent to that file descriptor." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:96 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:98 msgid "Do not check mounted filesystems and return an exit status of 0 for mounted filesystems." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:101 msgid "Don't execute, just show what would be done." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:102 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:104 msgid "When the *-A* flag is set, check the root filesystem in parallel with the other filesystems. This is not the safest thing in the world to do, since if the root filesystem is in doubt things like the *e2fsck*(8) executable might be corrupted! This option is mainly provided for those sysadmins who don't want to repartition the root filesystem to be small and compact (which is really the right solution)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "*-R*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:107 msgid "When checking all filesystems with the *-A* flag, skip the root filesystem. (This is useful in case the root filesystem has already been mounted read-write.)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:110 msgid "Don't show the title on startup." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:111 #, no-wrap msgid "*-V*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:113 msgid "Produce verbose output, including all filesystem-specific commands that are executed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:114 #, no-wrap msgid "*-?*, *--help*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:117 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:186 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:168 #, no-wrap msgid "*--version*" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:120 #, no-wrap msgid "FILESYSTEM SPECIFIC OPTIONS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:123 msgid "*Options which are not understood by fsck are passed to the filesystem-specific checker!*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:125 msgid "These options *must* not take arguments, as there is no way for *fsck* to be able to properly guess which options take arguments and which don't." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:127 msgid "Options and arguments which follow the *--* are treated as filesystem-specific options to be passed to the filesystem-specific checker." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:129 msgid "Please note that *fsck* is not designed to pass arbitrarily complicated options to filesystem-specific checkers. If you're doing something complicated, please just execute the filesystem-specific checker directly. If you pass *fsck* some horribly complicated options and arguments, and it doesn't do what you expect, *don't bother reporting it as a bug.* You're almost certainly doing something that you shouldn't be doing with *fsck*. Options to different filesystem-specific fsck's are not standardized." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:133 msgid "The *fsck* program's behavior is affected by the following environment variables:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:134 #, no-wrap msgid "*FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:136 msgid "If this environment variable is set, *fsck* will attempt to check all of the specified filesystems in parallel, regardless of whether the filesystems appear to be on the same device. (This is useful for RAID systems or high-end storage systems such as those sold by companies such as IBM or EMC.) Note that the _fs_passno_ value is still used." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "*FSCK_MAX_INST*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:139 msgid "This environment variable will limit the maximum number of filesystem checkers that can be running at one time. This allows configurations which have a large number of disks to avoid *fsck* starting too many filesystem checkers at once, which might overload CPU and memory resources available on the system. If this value is zero, then an unlimited number of processes can be spawned. This is currently the default, but future versions of *fsck* may attempt to automatically determine how many filesystem checks can be run based on gathering accounting data from the operating system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "*PATH*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:142 msgid "The *PATH* environment variable is used to find filesystem checkers." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "*FSTAB_FILE*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:145 msgid "This environment variable allows the system administrator to override the standard location of the _/etc/fstab_ file. It is also useful for developers who are testing *fsck*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:146 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBMOUNT_DEBUG=all*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:151 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:59 msgid "enables libmount debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:152 ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:201 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:131 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:152 #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:42 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:123 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:135 ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:77 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:86 ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:46 #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:50 ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:41 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:130 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:380 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:161 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1768 #: ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:59 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:87 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:117 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:180 #: ../sys-utils/tunelp.8.adoc:61 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:196 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:91 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:319 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "FILES" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:155 ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:52 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1772 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:185 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:201 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/fstab_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:160 msgid "During boot, *systemd* does not invoke *fsck -A*. Instead, it schedules the activation of mounts individually, taking into account dependencies on backing devices, networking, and other factors. Consequently, *fsck* is called individually for each device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:165 msgid "mailto:tytso@mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.8.adoc:179 msgid "*fstab*(5), *mkfs*(8), *fsck.ext2*(8) or *fsck.ext3*(8) or *e2fsck*(8), *fsck.cramfs*(8), *fsck.jfs*(8), *fsck.nfs*(8), *fsck.minix*(8), *fsck.msdos*(8), *fsck.vfat*(8), *fsck.xfs*(8), *reiserfsck*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "fsck.cramfs(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:12 msgid "fsck.cramfs - fsck compressed ROM file system" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:16 msgid "*fsck.cramfs* [options] _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:20 msgid "*fsck.cramfs* is used to check the cramfs file system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:23 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:58 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:48 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:98 #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:37 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:128 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:41 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:64 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:34 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:30 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:105 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:65 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:88 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:54 #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:96 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:74 #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:86 ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:79 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:188 ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:72 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:489 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:54 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:108 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:48 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:92 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:112 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--verbose*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:25 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:37 #: ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:74 msgid "Enable verbose messaging." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:26 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--blocksize* _blocksize_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:28 msgid "Use this blocksize, defaults to page size. Must be equal to what was set at creation time. Only used for *--extract*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:29 #, no-wrap msgid "*--extract*[**=**_directory_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:31 msgid "Test to uncompress the whole file system. Optionally extract contents of the _file_ to _directory_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:32 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:34 ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:37 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:53 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:56 msgid "This option is silently ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-y*" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:40 ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:78 #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:33 ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:60 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:75 ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:82 #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:86 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:57 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:121 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:109 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:122 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:152 #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:42 ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:68 #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:28 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:44 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:59 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:211 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:66 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:119 #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:194 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:77 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:207 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:72 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:44 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:99 #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:110 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:59 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:59 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:79 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:190 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:97 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:101 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:74 #: ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:362 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:146 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:105 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:92 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1706 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:42 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:143 ../sys-utils/switch_root.8.adoc:29 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:133 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:87 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:95 ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:222 #, no-wrap msgid "EXIT STATUS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:44 ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:37 #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:79 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:46 #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:34 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:50 #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:63 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:72 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:125 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:211 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:50 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:65 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:65 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:85 #: ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:78 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1712 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:149 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:139 msgid "success" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:46 msgid "file system was left uncorrected" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:48 ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:81 msgid "operation error, such as unable to allocate memory" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:50 msgid "usage information was printed" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.cramfs.8.adoc:55 msgid "*mount*(8), *mkfs.cramfs*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "fsck.minix(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:18 msgid "fsck.minix - check consistency of Minix filesystem" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:22 msgid "*fsck.minix* [options] _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:26 msgid "*fsck.minix* performs a consistency check for the Linux MINIX filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:28 msgid "The program assumes the filesystem is quiescent. *fsck.minix* should not be used on a mounted device unless you can be sure nobody is writing to it. Remember that the kernel can write to device when it searches for files." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:30 msgid "The _device_ name will usually have the following form:" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|/dev/hda[1-63] |IDE disk 1\n" "|/dev/hdb[1-63] |IDE disk 2\n" "|/dev/sda[1-15] |SCSI disk 1\n" "|/dev/sdb[1-15] |SCSI disk 2\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:42 msgid "If the filesystem was changed, i.e., repaired, then *fsck.minix* will print \"FILE SYSTEM HAS BEEN CHANGED\" and will *sync*(2) three times before exiting. There is _no_ need to reboot after check." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:43 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:54 ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:171 #, no-wrap msgid "WARNING" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:46 msgid "*fsck.minix* should *not* be used on a mounted filesystem. Using *fsck.minix* on a mounted filesystem is very dangerous, due to the possibility that deleted files are still in use, and can seriously damage a perfectly good filesystem! If you absolutely have to run *fsck.minix* on a mounted filesystem, such as the root filesystem, make sure nothing is writing to the disk, and that no files are \"zombies\" waiting for deletion." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:51 msgid "List all filenames." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--repair*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:54 msgid "Perform interactive repairs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--auto*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:57 msgid "Perform automatic repairs. This option implies *--repair* and serves to answer all of the questions asked with the default. Note that this can be extremely dangerous in the case of extensive filesystem damage." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--super*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:63 msgid "Output super-block information." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--uncleared*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:66 msgid "Activate MINIX-like \"mode not cleared\" warnings." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:67 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:51 #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:167 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:52 #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:33 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:93 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--force*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:69 msgid "Force a filesystem check even if the filesystem was marked as valid. Marking is done by the kernel when the filesystem is unmounted." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:72 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:352 #, no-wrap msgid "DIAGNOSTICS" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:75 msgid "There are numerous diagnostic messages. The ones mentioned here are the most commonly seen in normal usage." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:77 msgid "If the device does not exist, *fsck.minix* will print \"unable to read super block\". If the device exists, but is not a MINIX filesystem, *fsck.minix* will print \"bad magic number in super-block\"." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:81 msgid "The exit status returned by *fsck.minix* is the sum of the following:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:84 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*3*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:86 msgid "Filesystem errors corrected, system should be rebooted if filesystem was mounted" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*7*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:90 msgid "Combination of exit statuses 3 and 4" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:99 msgid "mailto:torvalds@cs.helsinki.fi[Linus Torvalds]. Exit status values by mailto:faith@cs.unc.edu[Rik Faith] Added support for filesystem valid flag: mailto:greg%wind.uucp@plains.nodak.edu[Dr. Wettstein]. Check to prevent fsck of mounted filesystem added by mailto:quinlan@yggdrasil.com[Daniel Quinlan]. Minix v2 fs support by mailto:schwab@issan.informatik.uni-dortmund.de[Andreas Schwab], updated by mailto:janl@math.uio.no[Nicolai Langfeldt]. Portability patch by mailto:rmk@ecs.soton.ac.uk[Russell King]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/fsck.minix.8.adoc:108 msgid "*fsck*(8), *fsck.ext2*(8), *mkfs*(8), *mkfs.ext2*(8), *mkfs.minix*(8), *reboot*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "isosize(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:12 msgid "isosize - output the length of an iso9660 filesystem" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:16 msgid "*isosize* [options] _iso9660_image_file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:20 msgid "This command outputs the length of an iso9660 filesystem that is contained in the specified file. This file may be a normal file or a block device (e.g. _/dev/hdd_ or _/dev/sr0_). In the absence of any options (and errors), it will output the size of the iso9660 filesystem in bytes. This can now be a large number (>> 4 GB)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:23 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--sectors*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:25 msgid "Show the block count and block size in human-readable form. The output uses the term \"sectors\" for \"blocks\"." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:26 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:59 #: ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--divisor* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:28 msgid "Only has an effect when *-x* is not given. The value shown (if no errors) is the iso9660 file size in bytes divided by _number_. So if _number_ is the block size then the shown value will be the block count." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:30 msgid "The size of the file (or block device) holding an iso9660 filesystem can be marginally larger than the actual size of the iso9660 filesystem. One reason for this is that cd writers are allowed to add \"run out\" sectors at the end of an iso9660 image." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:39 msgid "generic failure, such as invalid usage" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:41 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:82 msgid "all failed" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:41 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:127 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:86 ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:69 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:89 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1731 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:165 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "*64*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/isosize.8.adoc:43 msgid "some failed" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "mkfs(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:12 msgid "mkfs - build a Linux filesystem" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:16 msgid "*mkfs* [options] [*-t* _type_] [_fs-options_] _device_ [_size_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:20 msgid "*This mkfs frontend is deprecated in favour of filesystem specific mkfs. utils.*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:22 msgid "*mkfs* is used to build a Linux filesystem on a device, usually a hard disk partition. The _device_ argument is either the device name (e.g., _/dev/hda1_, _/dev/sdb2_), or a regular file that shall contain the filesystem. The _size_ argument is the number of blocks to be used for the filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:24 msgid "The exit status returned by *mkfs* is 0 on success and 1 on failure." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:26 msgid "In actuality, *mkfs* is simply a front-end for the various filesystem builders (**mkfs.**__fstype__) available under Linux. The filesystem-specific builder is searched for via your *PATH* environment setting only. Please see the filesystem-specific builder manual pages for further details." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:31 msgid "Specify the _type_ of filesystem to be built. If not specified, the default filesystem type (currently ext2) is used." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:32 #, no-wrap msgid "_fs-options_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:34 msgid "Filesystem-specific options to be passed to the real filesystem builder." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-V*, *--verbose*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:37 msgid "Produce verbose output, including all filesystem-specific commands that are executed. Specifying this option more than once inhibits execution of any filesystem-specific commands. This is really only useful for testing." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:40 msgid "(Option *-V* will display version information only when it is the only parameter, otherwise it will work as *--verbose*.)" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:41 ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:51 #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:174 ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:68 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:191 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:144 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:161 ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:52 #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:83 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:91 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:144 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1794 #: ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:70 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:344 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:158 ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:179 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:72 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:266 #: ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:78 #, no-wrap msgid "BUGS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:44 msgid "All generic options must precede and not be combined with filesystem-specific options. Some filesystem-specific programs do not automatically detect the device size and require the _size_ parameter to be specified." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:50 msgid "mailto:david@ods.com[David Engel], mailto:waltje@uwalt.nl.mugnet.org[Fred N. van Kempen], mailto:sommel@sci.kun.nl[Ron Sommeling]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:52 msgid "The manual page was shamelessly adapted from Remy Card's version for the ext2 filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.8.adoc:68 msgid "*fs*(5), *badblocks*(8), *fsck*(8), *mkdosfs*(8), *mke2fs*(8), *mkfs.bfs*(8), *mkfs.ext2*(8), *mkfs.ext3*(8), *mkfs.ext4*(8), *mkfs.minix*(8), *mkfs.msdos*(8), *mkfs.vfat*(8), *mkfs.xfs*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "mkfs.bfs(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:18 msgid "mkfs.bfs - make an SCO bfs filesystem" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:22 msgid "*mkfs.bfs* [options] _device_ [_block-count_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:26 msgid "*mkfs.bfs* creates an SCO bfs filesystem on a block device (usually a disk partition or a file accessed via the loop device)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:28 msgid "The _block-count_ parameter is the desired size of the filesystem, in blocks. If nothing is specified, the entire partition will be used." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N*, *--inodes* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:33 msgid "Specify the desired _number_ of inodes (at most 512). If nothing is specified, some default number in the range 48-512 is picked depending on the size of the partition." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*-V*, *--vname* _label_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:36 msgid "Specify the volume _label_. I have no idea if/where this is used." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--fname* _name_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:39 msgid "Specify the filesystem _name_. I have no idea if/where this is used." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:50 ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:92 msgid "Explain what is being done." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:51 ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:59 msgid "Option *-V* only works as *--version* when it is the only option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:63 msgid "The exit status returned by *mkfs.bfs* is 0 when all went well, and 1 when something went wrong." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.bfs.8.adoc:67 msgid "*mkfs*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "mkfs.cramfs(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:12 msgid "mkfs.cramfs - make compressed ROM file system" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:16 msgid "*mkfs.cramfs* [options] _directory file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:20 msgid "Files on cramfs file systems are zlib-compressed one page at a time to allow random read access. The metadata is not compressed, but is expressed in a terse representation that is more space-efficient than conventional file systems." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:22 msgid "The file system is intentionally read-only to simplify its design; random write access for compressed files is difficult to implement. cramfs ships with a utility (*mkcramfs*(8)) to pack files into new cramfs images." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:24 msgid "File sizes are limited to less than 16 MB." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:26 msgid "Maximum file system size is a little under 272 MB. (The last file on the file system must begin before the 256 MB block, but can extend past it.)" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:27 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:152 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:40 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:35 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "ARGUMENTS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:30 msgid "The _directory_ is simply the root of the directory tree that we want to generate a compressed filesystem out of." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:32 msgid "The _file_ will contain the cram file system, which later can be mounted." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "*-E*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:40 msgid "Treat all warnings as errors, which are reflected as command exit status." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b* _blocksize_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:43 msgid "Use defined block size, which has to be divisible by page size." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e* _edition_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:46 msgid "Use defined file system edition number in superblock." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N* *big*|*little*|*host*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:49 msgid "Use the specified endianness. The default is *host*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i* _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:52 msgid "Insert a _file_ to cramfs file system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n* _name_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:55 msgid "Set name of the cramfs file system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:56 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:58 msgid "Pad by 512 bytes for boot code." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:61 msgid "This option is ignored. Originally the *-s* turned on directory entry sorting." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:64 msgid "Make explicit holes." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*[**=**_mode_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.cramfs.8.adoc:86 msgid "*fsck.cramfs*(8), *mount*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:11 #, no-wrap msgid "mkfs.minix(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:21 msgid "mkfs.minix - make a Minix filesystem" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:25 msgid "*mkfs.minix* [options] _device_ [_size-in-blocks_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:29 msgid "*mkfs.minix* creates a Linux MINIX filesystem on a device (usually a disk partition)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:31 msgid "The _device_ is usually of the following form:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "" "/dev/hda[1-8] (IDE disk 1)\n" "/dev/hdb[1-8] (IDE disk 2)\n" "/dev/sda[1-8] (SCSI disk 1)\n" "/dev/sdb[1-8] (SCSI disk 2)\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:40 msgid "The device may be a block device or an image file of one, but this is not enforced. Expect not much fun on a character device :-)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:42 msgid "The _size-in-blocks_ parameter is the desired size of the file system, in blocks. It is present only for backwards compatibility. If omitted the size will be determined automatically. Only block counts strictly greater than 10 and strictly less than 65536 are allowed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:45 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:45 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--check*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:47 msgid "Check the device for bad blocks before creating the filesystem. If any are found, the count is printed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--namelength* _length_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:50 msgid "Specify the maximum length of filenames. Currently, the only allowable values are 14 and 30 for file system versions 1 and 2. Version 3 allows only value 60. The default is 30." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--inodes* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:61 msgid "Specify the number of inodes for the filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--badblocks* _filename_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:64 msgid "Read the list of bad blocks from _filename_. The file has one bad-block number per line. The count of bad blocks read is printed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:65 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-1*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:67 msgid "Make a Minix version 1 filesystem. This is the default." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-2*, *-v*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:70 msgid "Make a Minix version 2 filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-3*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:73 msgid "Make a Minix version 3 filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:76 msgid "The long option cannot be combined with other options." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:79 ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:107 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:96 #, no-wrap msgid "LOCK_BLOCK_DEVICE=" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:85 msgid "The exit status returned by *mkfs.minix* is one of the following:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:86 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:123 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:209 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:76 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "0" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "8" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "16" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkfs.minix.8.adoc:98 msgid "*fsck*(8), *mkfs*(8), *reboot*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "mkswap(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:18 msgid "mkswap - set up a Linux swap area" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:22 msgid "*mkswap* [options] _device_ [_blocks_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:24 msgid "*mkswap* [options] --size _size_ --file _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:28 msgid "*mkswap* sets up a Linux swap area on a device or in a file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:30 msgid "The _device_ argument will usually be a disk partition (something like _/dev/sdb7_) but can also be a file. The Linux kernel does not look at partition IDs, but many installation scripts will assume that partitions of hex type 82 (LINUX_SWAP) are meant to be swap partitions. (*Warning: Solaris also uses this type. Be careful not to kill your Solaris partitions.*)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:32 msgid "The _blocks_ parameter is superfluous but retained for backwards compatibility. (It specifies the desired size of the swap area in 1024-byte blocks. *mkswap* will use the entire partition or file if it is omitted. Specifying it is unwise - a typo may destroy your disk.)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:34 msgid "After creating the swap area, you need the *swapon*(8) command to start using it. Usually swap areas are listed in _/etc/fstab_ so that they can be taken into use at boot time by a *swapon -a* command in some boot script." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:38 msgid "The swap header does not touch the first block. A boot loader or disk label can be there, but it is not a recommended setup. The recommended setup is to use a separate partition for a Linux swap area." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:40 msgid "*mkswap*, like many others mkfs-like utils, *erases the first partition block to make any previous filesystem invisible.*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:42 msgid "However, *mkswap* refuses to erase the first block on a device with a disk label (SUN, BSD, ...)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:47 msgid "Check the device (if it is a block device) for bad blocks before creating the swap area. If any bad blocks are found, the count is printed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--file*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:50 msgid "Create a swap file with the appropriate file permissions and populated blocks on disk." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:53 msgid "Go ahead even if the command is stupid. This allows the creation of a swap area larger than the file or partition it resides on." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:55 msgid "Also, without this option, *mkswap* will refuse to erase the first block on a device with a partition table." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:56 ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:221 #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:47 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:94 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:61 ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:63 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:83 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:28 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:100 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:118 #, no-wrap msgid "*-q*, *--quiet*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:58 msgid "Suppress output and warning messages." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:59 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:33 #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:76 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:369 #, no-wrap msgid "*-L*, *--label* _label_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:61 msgid "Specify a _label_ for the device, to allow *swapon*(8) by label." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pagesize* _size_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:72 msgid "Specify the page _size_ (in bytes) to use. This option is usually unnecessary; *mkswap* reads the size from the kernel." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:73 ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-U*, *--uuid* _UUID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:77 msgid "Specify the _UUID_ to use. The default is to generate a UUID. The format of the UUID is a series of hex digits separated by hyphens, like this: \"c1b9d5a2-f162-11cf-9ece-0020afc76f16\". The UUID parameter may also be one of the following:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:78 #, no-wrap msgid "*clear*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:80 msgid "clear the filesystem UUID" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*random*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:82 msgid "generate a new randomly-generated UUID" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:82 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:169 #, no-wrap msgid "*time*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:84 msgid "generate a new time-based UUID" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--endianness* _ENDIANNESS_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:87 msgid "Specify the _ENDIANNESS_ to use, valid arguments are *native*, *little* or *big*. The default is *native*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:88 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:34 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:75 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:36 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:71 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--offset* _offset_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:90 msgid "Specify the _offset_ to write the swap area to." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:91 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--size* _size_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:93 msgid "Specify the size of the created swap file in bytes and may be followed by a multiplicative suffix: KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\"). If the file exists and is larger than _size_, it will be truncated to this size. This option only makes sense when used with *--file*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--swapversion 1*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:96 msgid "Specify the swap-space version. (This option is currently pointless, as the old *-v 0* option has become obsolete and now only *-v 1* is supported. The kernel has not supported v0 swap-space format since 2.5.22 (June 2002). The new version v1 is supported since 2.1.117 (August 1998).)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:97 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:194 #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:90 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:96 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*--verbose*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:99 msgid "Verbose execution. With this option *mkswap* will output more details about detected problems during swap area set up." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:104 ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:105 #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:43 ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:70 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:113 msgid "The maximum useful size of a swap area depends on the architecture and the kernel version." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:115 msgid "The maximum number of the pages that is possible to address by swap area header is 4294967295 (32-bit unsigned int). The remaining space on the swap device is ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:117 msgid "Presently, Linux allows 32 swap areas. The areas in use can be seen in the file _/proc/swaps_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:119 msgid "*mkswap* refuses areas smaller than 10 pages." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:121 msgid "If you don't know the page size that your machine uses, you can look it up with *getconf PAGESIZE*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:123 msgid "Aside from *mkswap --file*, it is also possible to create the swapfile manually before initializing it with *mkswap*, e.g. using a command like" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:125 msgid "Since version 2.41, *mkswap --file* sets the nocow attribute for newly created files to support swapfiles on Btrfs." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:128 #, no-wrap msgid "# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1MiB count=$((8*1024))\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:131 msgid "to create 8GiB swapfile." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:133 msgid "In such a case, please read notes from *swapon*(8) about *the swap file use restrictions* (holes, preallocation and copy-on-write issues)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/mkswap.8.adoc:138 msgid "*fdisk*(8), *swapon*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:11 #, no-wrap msgid "partx(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:21 msgid "partx - tell the kernel about the presence and numbering of on-disk partitions" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:25 msgid "*partx* [*-a*|*-d*|*-P*|*-r*|*-s*|*-u*] [*-t* _type_] [*-n* _M_:_N_] [-] _disk_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:27 msgid "*partx* [*-a*|*-d*|*-P*|*-r*|*-s*|*-u*] [*-t* _type_] _partition_ [_disk_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:31 msgid "Given a device or disk-image, *partx* tries to parse the partition table and list its contents. It can also tell the kernel to add or remove partitions from its bookkeeping." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:33 msgid "The _disk_ argument is optional when a _partition_ argument is provided. To force scanning a partition as if it were a whole disk (for example to list nested subpartitions), use the argument \"-\" (hyphen-minus). For example:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:36 msgid "partx --show - /dev/sda3" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:39 msgid "This will see sda3 as a whole-disk rather than as a partition." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:41 msgid "*partx is not an fdisk program* - adding and removing partitions does not change the disk, it just tells the kernel about the presence and numbering of on-disk partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--add*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:46 msgid "Add the specified partitions, or read the disk and add all partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:47 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:40 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:43 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:42 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:37 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:71 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:83 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:70 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--bytes*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--delete*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:52 msgid "Delete the specified partitions or all partitions. It is not error to remove non-existing partitions, so this option is possible to use together with large *--nr* ranges without care about the current partitions set on the device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--noheadings*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:55 msgid "Do not print a header line with *--show* or *--raw*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:58 msgid "List the partitions. Note that all numbers are in 512-byte sectors. This output format is DEPRECATED in favour of *--show*. Do not use it in newly written scripts." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--nr* __M__**:**_N_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:61 msgid "Specify the range of partitions. For backward compatibility also the format __M__**-**_N_ is supported. The range may contain negative numbers, for example *--nr -1:-1* means the last partition, and *--nr -2:-1* means the last two partitions. Supported range specifications are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "_M_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:64 msgid "Specifies just one partition (e.g. *--nr 3*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "__M__**:**" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:66 msgid "Specifies the lower limit only (e.g. *--nr 2:*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "**:**__N__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:68 msgid "Specifies the upper limit only (e.g. *--nr :4*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "__M__**:**_N_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:70 msgid "Specifies the lower and upper limits (e.g. *--nr 2:4*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:73 msgid "Define the output columns to use for *--show*, *--pairs* and *--raw* output. If no output arrangement is specified, then a default set is used. Use *--help* to get _list_ of all supported columns. This option cannot be combined with the *--add*, *--delete*, *--update* or *--list* options." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:74 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:75 #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:122 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:43 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:59 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:112 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:84 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:82 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:55 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:37 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:75 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*--output-all*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:76 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:55 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:102 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:61 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:114 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:84 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:57 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:39 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:77 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:64 msgid "Output all available columns." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:77 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:125 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:103 ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:41 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--pairs*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:79 msgid "List the partitions using the KEY=\"value\" format." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:80 ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:85 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:60 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:56 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:159 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:159 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:46 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:75 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:62 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:115 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:98 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:86 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:88 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:75 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:40 ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--raw*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:82 msgid "List the partitions using the raw output format." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--show*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:85 msgid "List the partitions. The output columns can be selected and rearranged with the *--output* option. All numbers (except SIZE) are in 512-byte sectors." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:88 msgid "Specify the partition table type." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*--list-types*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:91 msgid "List supported partition types and exit." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--update*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:94 msgid "Update the specified partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--sector-size* _size_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:97 msgid "Overwrite default sector size." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:100 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:60 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:114 msgid "Verbose mode." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:108 ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:209 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:84 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:169 #: ../sys-utils/pivot_root.8.adoc:37 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:80 #: ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:111 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:69 #: ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:96 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:198 #, no-wrap msgid "EXAMPLE" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "partx --show /dev/sdb3" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:111 #, no-wrap msgid "partx --show --nr 3 /dev/sdb" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "partx --show /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:114 msgid "All three commands list partition 3 of _/dev/sdb_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:115 #, no-wrap msgid "partx --show - /dev/sdb3" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:117 msgid "Lists all subpartitions on _/dev/sdb3_ (the device is used as whole-disk)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:118 #, no-wrap msgid "partx -o START -g --nr 5 /dev/sdb" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:120 msgid "Prints the start sector of partition 5 on _/dev/sdb_ without header." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:121 #, no-wrap msgid "partx -o SECTORS,SIZE /dev/sda5 /dev/sda" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:123 msgid "Lists the length in sectors and human-readable size of partition 5 on _/dev/sda_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:124 #, no-wrap msgid "partx --add --nr 3:5 /dev/sdd" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:126 msgid "Adds all available partitions from 3 to 5 (inclusive) on _/dev/sdd_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "partx -d --nr -1: /dev/sdd" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:129 msgid "Removes the last partition on _/dev/sdd_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:134 msgid "mailto:dave@gnu.org[Davidlohr Bueso], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:136 msgid "The original version was written by mailto:aeb@cwi.nl[Andries E. Brouwer]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/partx.8.adoc:144 msgid "*addpart*(8), *delpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "raw(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:12 msgid "raw - bind a Linux raw character device" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:16 msgid "*raw* _/dev/raw/raw_ __ __" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:18 msgid "*raw* _/dev/raw/raw_ _/dev/_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:20 msgid "*raw* *-q* _/dev/raw/raw_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:22 msgid "*raw* *-qa*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:26 msgid "*raw* is used to bind a Linux raw character device to a block device. Any block device may be used: at the time of binding, the device driver does not even have to be accessible (it may be loaded on demand as a kernel module later)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:28 msgid "*raw* is used in two modes: it either sets raw device bindings, or it queries existing bindings. When setting a raw device, _/dev/raw/raw_ is the device name of an existing raw device node in the filesystem. The block device to which it is to be bound can be specified either in terms of its _major_ and _minor_ device numbers, or as a path name _/dev/_ to an existing block device file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:30 msgid "The bindings already in existence can be queried with the *-q* option, which is used either with a raw device filename to query that one device, or with the *-a* option to query all bound raw devices." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:32 msgid "Unbinding can be done by specifying major and minor 0." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:34 msgid "Once bound to a block device, a raw device can be opened, read and written, just like the block device it is bound to. However, the raw device does not behave exactly like the block device. In particular, access to the raw device bypasses the kernel's block buffer cache entirely: all I/O is done directly to and from the address space of the process performing the I/O. If the underlying block device driver can support DMA, then no data copying at all is required to complete the I/O." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:36 msgid "Because raw I/O involves direct hardware access to a process's memory, a few extra restrictions must be observed. All I/Os must be correctly aligned in memory and on disk: they must start at a sector offset on disk, they must be an exact number of sectors long, and the data buffer in virtual memory must also be aligned to a multiple of the sector size. The sector size is 512 bytes for most devices." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "*-q*, *--query*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:41 msgid "Set query mode. *raw* will query an existing binding instead of setting a new one." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:42 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:84 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:39 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:40 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:43 ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:45 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:56 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:37 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:67 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:309 #: ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:27 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:31 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--all*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:44 msgid "With *-q*, specify that all bound raw devices should be queried." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:50 msgid "Rather than using raw devices applications should prefer *open*(2) devices, such as _/dev/sda1_, with the *O_DIRECT* flag." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:54 msgid "The Linux *dd*(1) command should be used without the *bs=* option, or the blocksize needs to be a multiple of the sector size of the device (512 bytes usually), otherwise it will fail with \"Invalid Argument\" messages (*EINVAL*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:56 msgid "Raw I/O devices do not maintain cache coherency with the Linux block device buffer cache. If you use raw I/O to overwrite data already in the buffer cache, the buffer cache will no longer correspond to the contents of the actual storage device underneath. This is deliberate, but is regarded as either a bug or a feature, depending on who you ask!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/raw.8.adoc:60 msgid "mailto:sct@redhat.com[Stephen Tweedie]" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "resizepart(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:20 msgid "resizepart - tell the kernel about the new size of a partition" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:24 msgid "*resizepart* _device partition length_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:28 msgid "*resizepart* tells the Linux kernel about the new size of the specified partition. The command is a simple wrapper around the \"resize partition\" ioctl." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:41 msgid "The new length of the partition (in 512-byte sectors)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/resizepart.8.adoc:52 msgid "*addpart*(8), *delpart*(8), *fdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:17 #, no-wrap msgid "sfdisk(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:30 msgid "sfdisk - display or manipulate a disk partition table" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:34 msgid "*sfdisk* [options] _device_ [*-N* _partition-number_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:36 msgid "*sfdisk* [options] _command_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:40 msgid "*sfdisk* is a script-oriented tool for partitioning any block device. It runs in interactive mode if executed on a terminal (stdin refers to a terminal)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:42 msgid "Since version 2.26 *sfdisk* supports MBR (DOS), GPT, SUN and SGI disk labels, but no longer provides any functionality for CHS (Cylinder-Head-Sector) addressing. CHS has never been important for Linux, and this addressing concept does not make any sense for new devices." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:44 msgid "*sfdisk* protects the first disk sector when create a new disk label. The option *--wipe always* disables this protection. Note that *fdisk*(8) and *cfdisk*(8) completely erase this area by default." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:46 msgid "*sfdisk* (since version 2.26) *aligns the start and end of partitions* to block-device I/O limits when relative sizes are specified, when the default values are used or when multiplicative suffixes (e.g., MiB) are used for sizes. It is possible that partition size will be optimized (reduced or enlarged) due to alignment if the start offset is specified exactly in sectors and partition size relative or by multiplicative suffixes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:48 msgid "The recommended way is not to specify start offsets at all and specify partition size in MiB, GiB (or so). In this case *sfdisk* aligns all partitions to block-device I/O limits (or when I/O limits are too small then to megabyte boundary to keep disk layout portable). If this default behaviour is unwanted (usually for very small partitions) then specify offsets and sizes in sectors. In this case *sfdisk* entirely follows specified numbers without any optimization." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:50 msgid "*sfdisk* does not create the standard system partitions for SGI and SUN disk labels like *fdisk*(8) does. It is necessary to explicitly create all partitions including whole-disk system partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:52 msgid "*sfdisk* uses *BLKRRPART* (reread partition table) ioctl to make sure that the device is not used by system or other tools (see also *--no-reread*). It's possible that this feature or another *sfdisk* activity races with *systemd-udevd*(8). The recommended way how to avoid possible collisions is to use *--lock* option. The exclusive lock will cause *systemd-udevd* to skip the event handling on the device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:54 msgid "The *sfdisk* prompt is only a hint for users and a displayed partition number does not mean that the same partition table entry will be created (if *-N* not specified), especially for tables with gaps." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:58 msgid "The commands are mutually exclusive." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "[*-N*, *--partno* _partition-number_] __device__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:61 msgid "The default *sfdisk* command is to read the specification for the desired partitioning of _device_ from standard input, and then create a partition table according to the specification. See below for the description of the input format. If standard input is a terminal, then *sfdisk* starts an interactive session." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:63 msgid "If the option *-N* or *--partno* is specified, then the changes are applied to the partition addressed by _partition-number_. The unspecified fields of the partition are not modified." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:65 msgid "Note that it's possible to address an unused partition with *-N*. For example, an MBR always contains 4 partitions, but the number of used partitions may be smaller. In this case *sfdisk* follows the default values from the partition table and does not use built-in defaults for the unused partition given with *-N*. See also *--append*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-A*, *--activate* __device__ [__partition-number__...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:68 msgid "Switch on the bootable flag for the specified partitions and switch off the bootable flag on all unspecified partitions. The special placeholder '-' may be used instead of the partition numbers to switch off the bootable flag on all partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:70 msgid "The activation command is supported for MBR and PMBR only. If a GPT label is detected, then *sfdisk* prints warning and automatically enters PMBR." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:72 msgid "If no _partition-number_ is specified, then list the partitions with an enabled flag." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*--backup-pt-sectors* _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:75 msgid "Back up the current partition table sectors in binary format and exit. See the *BACKING UP THE PARTITION TABLE* section." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*--delete* _device_ [__partition-number__...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:78 msgid "Delete all or the specified partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dump* _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:81 msgid "Dump the partitions of a device in a format that is usable as input to *sfdisk*. See the *BACKING UP THE PARTITION TABLE* section." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--show-geometry* [__device__...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:84 msgid "List the geometry of all or the specified devices. For backward compatibility the deprecated option *--show-pt-geometry* have the same meaning as this one." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-J*, *--json* _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:87 msgid "Dump the partitions of a device in JSON format. Note that *sfdisk* is not able to use JSON as input format." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list* [__device__...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:90 msgid "List the partitions of all or the specified devices. This command can be used together with *--verify*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--list-free* [__device__...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:93 msgid "List the free unpartitioned areas on all or the specified devices." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "*--part-attrs* _device partition-number_ [__attributes__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:96 msgid "Change the GPT partition attribute bits. If _attributes_ is not specified, then print the current partition settings. The _attributes_ argument is a comma- or space-delimited list of bits numbers or bit names. For example, the string \"RequiredPartition,50,51\" sets three bits. The currently supported attribute bits are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*Bit 0 (RequiredPartition)*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:99 msgid "If this bit is set, the partition is required for the platform to function. The creator of the partition indicates that deletion or modification of the contents can result in loss of platform features or failure for the platform to boot or operate. The system cannot function normally if this partition is removed, and it should be considered part of the hardware of the system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*Bit 1 (NoBlockIOProtocol)*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:101 msgid "EFI firmware should ignore the content of the partition and not try to read from it." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "*Bit 2 (LegacyBIOSBootable)*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:103 msgid "The partition may be bootable by legacy BIOS firmware." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*Bits 3-47*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:105 msgid "Undefined and must be zero. Reserved for expansion by future versions of the UEFI specification." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "*Bits 48-63*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:107 msgid "Reserved for GUID specific use. The use of these bits will vary depending on the partition type. For example Microsoft uses bit 60 to indicate read-only, 61 for shadow copy of another partition, 62 for hidden partitions and 63 to disable automount." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "*--part-label* _device partition-number_ [__label__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:110 msgid "Change the GPT partition name (label). If _label_ is not specified, then print the current partition label." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:111 #, no-wrap msgid "*--part-type* _device partition-number_ [__type__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:113 msgid "Change the partition type. If _type_ is not specified, then print the current partition type." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:115 msgid "The _type_ argument is hexadecimal for MBR, GUID for GPT, type alias (e.g. \"linux\") or type shortcut (e.g. 'L'). For backward compatibility the options *-c* and *--id* have the same meaning as this one." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "*--part-uuid* _device partition-number_ [__uuid__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:118 msgid "Change the GPT partition UUID. If _uuid_ is not specified, then print the current partition UUID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:119 #, no-wrap msgid "*--disk-id* _device_ [__id__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:121 msgid "Change the disk identifier. If _id_ is not specified, then print the current identifier. The identifier is UUID for GPT or unsigned integer for MBR." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid "*--discard-free* _device_ " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:124 msgid "Discard any unused (unpartitioned) sectors on the device. Use the *--list-free* option to get a list of the free regions. See also *blkdiscard*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:126 msgid "All data in the discarded regions on the device will be lost! Do not use this option if you are unsure." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:128 msgid "Note that the 'T' command in *fdisk* provides a dialog to specify which unused area should be discarded. However, *sfdisk* always discards all unpartitioned regions (except for the areas where it is not possible to create partitions, such as the beginning of the device)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:129 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--reorder* _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:131 msgid "Renumber the partitions, ordering them by their start offset." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:132 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--show-size* [__device__...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:134 msgid "List the sizes of all or the specified devices in units of 1024 byte size. This command is DEPRECATED in favour of *blockdev*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:135 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--list-types*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:137 msgid "Print all supported types for the current disk label or the label specified by *--label*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:138 #, no-wrap msgid "*-V*, *--verify* [__device__...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:140 msgid "Test whether the partition table and partitions seem correct." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "*--relocate* _oper_ _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:143 msgid "Relocate partition table header. This command is currently supported for GPT header only. The argument _oper_ can be:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:144 #, no-wrap msgid "*gpt-bak-std*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:146 msgid "Move GPT backup header to the standard location at the end of the device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:146 #, no-wrap msgid "*gpt-bak-mini*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:148 msgid "Move GPT backup header behind the last partition. Note that UEFI standard requires the backup header at the end of the device and partitioning tools can automatically relocate the header to follow the standard." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:151 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--append*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:153 msgid "Don't create a new partition table, but only append the specified partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:157 msgid "Note that in this case an unused partition may be re-used even though it is not the last partition in the partition table. See also *-N* for addressing a specific entry in the partition table." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--backup*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:160 msgid "Back up the current partition table sectors before starting the partitioning. The default backup file name is _~/sfdisk--.bak_; to use another name see option *-O*, *--backup-file*. See section *BACKING UP THE PARTITION TABLE* for more details." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:161 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "*--bytes*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:164 #, no-wrap msgid "*--color*[**=**__when__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:169 msgid "Disable all consistency checking." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "*--Linux*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:172 msgid "Deprecated and ignored option. Partitioning that is compatible with Linux (and other modern operating systems) is the default." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:181 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:37 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--no-act*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:183 msgid "Do everything except writing to the device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:184 #, no-wrap msgid "*--no-reread*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:186 msgid "Do not check through the re-read-partition-table ioctl whether the device is in use." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:187 #, no-wrap msgid "*--no-tell-kernel*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:189 msgid "Don't tell the kernel about partition changes. This option is recommended together with *--no-reread* to modify a partition on used disk. The modified partition should not be used (e.g., mounted)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:190 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--backup-file* _path_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:192 msgid "Override the default backup file name. Note that the device name and offset are always appended to the file name." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:193 #, no-wrap msgid "*--move-data*[**=**__path__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:195 msgid "Move data after partition relocation, for example when moving the beginning of a partition to another place on the disk. The size of the partition has to remain the same, the new and old location may overlap. This option requires option *-N* in order to be processed on one specific partition only." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:197 msgid "The optional _path_ specifies log file name. The log file contains information about all read/write operations on the partition data. The word \"@default\" as a _path_ forces *sfdisk* to use _~/sfdisk-.move_ for the log. The log is optional since v2.35." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:199 msgid "Note that this operation is risky and not atomic. *Don't forget to backup your data!*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:201 msgid "See also *--move-use-fsync*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:203 msgid "In the example below, the first command creates a 100MiB free area before the first partition and moves the data it contains (e.g., a filesystem), the next command creates a new partition from the free space (at offset 2048), and the last command reorders partitions to match disk order (the original sdc1 will become sdc2)." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:206 msgid "*echo '+100M,' | sfdisk --move-data /dev/sdc -N 1*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:208 msgid "*echo '2048,' | sfdisk /dev/sdc --append*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:210 msgid "*sfdisk /dev/sdc --reorder*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:212 #, no-wrap msgid "*--move-use-fsync*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:214 msgid "Use the *fsync*(2) system call after each write when moving data to a new location by *--move-data*." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:219 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _{plus}list_ (e.g., *-o +UUID*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:223 msgid "Suppress extra info messages." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:224 #, no-wrap msgid "*--sector-size* _sectorsize_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:227 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--unit S*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:229 msgid "Deprecated option. Only the sector unit is supported. This option is not supported when using the *--show-size* command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:230 #, no-wrap msgid "*-X*, *--label* _type_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:236 msgid "Specify the disk-label type (e.g., *dos*, *gpt*, ...). If this option is not given, then *sfdisk* defaults to the type of the existing label, but if there is no label on the device yet, then the type defaults to *dos*. This default may be overridden by the \"label: \" script-header line. The option *--label* does not force *sfdisk* to create an empty disk label (see the *EMPTY DISK LABEL* section below)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:237 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Y*, *--label-nested* _type_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:239 msgid "Force editing of a nested disk label. The primary disk label has to exist already. This option allows editing for example a hybrid/protective MBR on devices with GPT." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:242 msgid "Wipe filesystem, RAID and partition-table signatures from the device, in order to avoid possible collisions. The argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. When this option is not given, the default is *auto*, in which case signatures are wiped only when in interactive mode; except the old partition-table signatures which are always wiped before create a new partition-table if the argument _when_ is not *never*. The *auto* mode also does not wipe the first sector (boot sector), it is necessary to use the *always* mode to wipe this area. In all cases detected signatures are reported by warning messages before a new partition table is created. See also the *wipefs*(8) command." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:245 msgid "Wipe filesystem, RAID and partition-table signatures from a newly created partition, in order to avoid possible collisions. The argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. When this option is not given, the default is *auto*, in which case signatures are wiped only when in interactive mode and after confirmation by user. In all cases detected signatures are reported by warning messages after a new partition is created. See also *wipefs*(8) command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:249 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--version*" msgstr "" #. Do not include::man-common/help-version.adoc[], as -V is not --version. #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:254 #, no-wrap msgid "INPUT FORMATS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:257 msgid "*sfdisk* supports two input formats and generic header lines." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:258 #, no-wrap msgid "Header lines" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:261 msgid "The optional header lines specify generic information that apply to the partition table. The header-line format is:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:263 msgid "*: *" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:265 msgid "The currently recognized headers are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:266 #, no-wrap msgid "*unit*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:268 msgid "Specify the partitioning unit. The only supported unit is *sectors*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:268 #, no-wrap msgid "*label*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:270 msgid "Specify the partition table type. For example *dos* or *gpt*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:270 #, no-wrap msgid "*label-id*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:272 msgid "Specify the partition table identifier. It should be a hexadecimal number (with a 0x prefix) for MBR and a UUID for GPT." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:272 #, no-wrap msgid "*first-lba*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:274 msgid "Specify the first usable sector for GPT partitions. This header is ignored if the script and device sector size differ. In this case *sfdisk* uses label specific default." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:274 #, no-wrap msgid "*last-lba*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:276 msgid "Specify the last usable sector for GPT partitions. This header is ignored if the script and device sector size differ. In this case *sfdisk* uses label specific default. The last-lba header is ignored if *--force* is specified, making the script usable on disks with different sizes." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:276 #, no-wrap msgid "*table-length*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:278 msgid "Specify the maximal number of GPT partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:278 #, no-wrap msgid "*grain*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:280 msgid "Specify minimal size in bytes used to calculate partitions alignment. The default is 1MiB and it's strongly recommended to use the default. Do not modify this variable if you're not sure." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:280 #, no-wrap msgid "*sector-size*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:282 msgid "Specifies the sector size used in the input. *sfdisk* always internally uses the device sector size provided by the kernel for the block device, or as specified by the user on the command line (see *--sector-size*). Starting with version 2.39, *sfdisk* recalculates sizes from the input if the *sector-size* header and device sector size are different." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:284 msgid "Note that it is only possible to use header lines before the first partition is specified in the input." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:285 #, no-wrap msgid "Unnamed-fields format" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:289 msgid "_start size type bootable_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:292 msgid "where each line fills one partition descriptor." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:294 msgid "Fields are separated by whitespace, comma (recommended) or semicolon possibly followed by whitespace; initial and trailing whitespace is ignored. Numbers can be octal, decimal or hexadecimal; decimal is the default. When a field is absent, empty or specified as '-' a default value is used. But when the *-N* option (change a single partition) is given, the default for each field is its previous value." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:296 msgid "The default value of _start_ is the first non-assigned sector aligned according to device I/O limits. The default start offset for the first partition is 1 MiB. If the offset is followed by the multiplicative suffixes (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB), then the number is interpreted as offset in bytes. Since v2.38 when the *-N* option (change a single partition) is given, a '{plus}' can be used to enlarge partition by move start of the partition if there is a free space before the partition." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:299 msgid "The default value of _size_ indicates \"as much as possible\"; i.e., until the next partition or end-of-device. A numerical argument is by default interpreted as a number of sectors, however if the size is followed by one of the multiplicative suffixes (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB) then the number is interpreted as the size of the partition in bytes and it is then aligned according to the device I/O limits. A '{plus}' can be used instead of a number to enlarge the partition as much as possible. Note '{plus}' is equivalent to the default behaviour for a new partition; existing partitions will be resized as required." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:301 msgid "The partition _type_ is given in hex for MBR (DOS) where 0x prefix is optional; a GUID string for GPT; a shortcut or an alias. It's recommended to use two letters for MBR hex codes to avoid collision between deprecated shortcut 'E' and '0E' MBR hex code. For backward compatibility *sfdisk* tries to interpret _type_ as a shortcut as a first possibility in partitioning scripts although on other places (e.g. *--part-type* command) it tries shortcuts as the last possibility." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:303 msgid "Since v2.36 libfdisk supports partition type aliases as extension to shortcuts. The alias is a simple human readable word (e.g. \"linux\")." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:305 msgid "Since v2.37 libfdisk supports partition type names on input, ignoring the case of the characters and all non-alphanumeric and non-digit characters in the name (e.g. \"Linux /usr x86\" is the same as \"linux usr-x86\")." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:307 msgid "Supported shortcuts and aliases:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:308 #, no-wrap msgid "*L - alias 'linux'*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:310 msgid "Linux; means 83 for MBR and 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4 for GPT." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:311 #, no-wrap msgid "*S - alias 'swap'*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:313 msgid "swap area; means 82 for MBR and 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F for GPT" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:314 #, no-wrap msgid "*Ex - alias 'extended'*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:316 msgid "MBR extended partition; means 05 for MBR. The original shortcut 'E' is deprecated due to collision with 0x0E MBR partition type." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:317 #, no-wrap msgid "*H - alias 'home'*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:319 msgid "home partition; means 933AC7E1-2EB4-4F13-B844-0E14E2AEF915 for GPT" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:320 #, no-wrap msgid "*U - alias 'uefi'*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:322 msgid "EFI System partition, means EF for MBR and C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B for GPT" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:323 #, no-wrap msgid "*R - alias 'raid'*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:325 msgid "Linux RAID; means FD for MBR and A19D880F-05FC-4D3B-A006-743F0F84911E for GPT" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:326 #, no-wrap msgid "*V - alias 'lvm'*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:328 msgid "LVM; means 8E for MBR and E6D6D379-F507-44C2-A23C-238F2A3DF928 for GPT" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:330 msgid "The default _type_ value is _linux_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:332 msgid "The shortcut 'X' for Linux extended partition (85) is deprecated in favour of 'Ex'." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {asterisk} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:335 msgid "_bootable_ is specified as [*{asterisk}*|*-*], with as default not-bootable. The value of this field is irrelevant for Linux - when Linux runs it has been booted already - but it might play a role for certain boot loaders and for other operating systems." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:336 #, no-wrap msgid "Named-fields format" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:339 msgid "This format is more readable, robust, extensible and allows specifying additional information (e.g., a UUID). It is recommended to use this format to keep your scripts more readable." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:342 msgid "[_device_ *:*] _name_[**=**__value__], ..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:345 msgid "The _device_ field is optional. *sfdisk* extracts the partition number from the device name. It allows specifying the partitions in random order. This functionality is mostly used by *--dump*. Don't use it if you are not sure." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:347 msgid "The _value_ can be between quotation marks (e.g., name=\"This is partition name\"). The fields *start=* and *size=* support '{plus}' and '-' in the same way as *Unnamed-fields format*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:349 msgid "The currently supported fields are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:350 #, no-wrap msgid "**start=**__number__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:352 msgid "The first non-assigned sector aligned according to device I/O limits. The default start offset for the first partition is 1 MiB. If the offset is followed by the multiplicative suffixes (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB), then the number is interpreted as offset in bytes." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:353 #, no-wrap msgid "**size=**__number__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:355 msgid "Specify the partition size in sectors. The number may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB), then it's interpreted as size in bytes and the size is aligned according to device I/O limits." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:356 #, no-wrap msgid "*bootable*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:358 msgid "Mark the partition as bootable." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:359 #, no-wrap msgid "**attrs=**__string__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:361 msgid "Partition attributes, usually GPT partition attribute bits. See *--part-attrs* for more details about the GPT-bits string format." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:362 #, no-wrap msgid "**uuid=**__string__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:364 msgid "GPT partition UUID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:365 #, no-wrap msgid "**name=**__string__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:367 msgid "GPT partition name." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:368 #, no-wrap msgid "**type=**__code__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:370 msgid "A hexadecimal number (without 0x) for an MBR partition, a GUID for a GPT partition, a shortcut as for unnamed-fields format or a type name (e.g. type=\"Linux /usr (x86)\"). See above the section about the unnamed-fields format for more details. For backward compatibility the *Id=* field has the same meaning." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:371 #, no-wrap msgid "EMPTY DISK LABEL" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:374 msgid "*sfdisk* does not create partition table without partitions by default. The lines with partitions are expected in the script by default. The empty partition table has to be explicitly requested by \"label: \" script header line without any partitions lines. For example:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:377 msgid "*echo 'label: gpt' | sfdisk /dev/sdb*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:380 msgid "creates empty GPT partition table. Note that the *--append* disables this feature." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:381 #, no-wrap msgid "BACKING UP THE PARTITION TABLE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:384 msgid "It is recommended to save the layout of your devices. *sfdisk* supports two ways." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:385 #, no-wrap msgid "Dump in sfdisk compatible format" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:389 msgid "Use the *--dump* command to save a description of the device layout to a text file. The dump format is suitable for later *sfdisk* input. For example:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:391 msgid "*sfdisk --dump /dev/sda > sda.dump*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:394 msgid "This can later be restored by:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:396 msgid "*sfdisk /dev/sda < sda.dump*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:399 msgid "Note that *sfdisk* completely restores partition types and partition UUIDs. This could potentially become problematic if you duplicate the same layout to different disks, as it may result in duplicate UUIDs within your system." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:400 #, no-wrap msgid "Full binary backup" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:403 msgid "If you want to do a full binary backup of all sectors where the partition table is stored, then use the *--backup-pt-sectors* command. It writes the sectors to _~/sfdisk--.bak_ files. The default name of the backup file can be changed with the *--backup-file* option. The backup files contain only raw data from the _device_. For example:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:406 msgid "*sfdisk --backup-pt-sectors /dev/sda*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:409 msgid "The GPT header can later be restored by:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:412 msgid "*dd if=~/sfdisk-sda-0x00000200.bak of=/dev/sda seek=$\\((0x00000200)) bs=1 conv=notrunc*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:416 msgid "It's also possible to use the *--backup* option to create the same backup immediately after startup for other *sfdisk* commands. For example, backup partition table before deleting all partitions from partition table:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:418 msgid "*sfdisk --backup --delete /dev/sda*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:422 msgid "The same concept of backup files is used by *wipefs*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:424 msgid "Note that *sfdisk* since version 2.26 no longer provides the *-I* option to restore sectors. *dd*(1) provides all necessary functionality." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:428 msgid "The logical color names supported by *sfdisk* are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:438 #, no-wrap msgid "*SFDISK_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:440 msgid "enables *sfdisk* debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:452 msgid "Since version 2.26 *sfdisk* no longer provides the *-R* or *--re-read* option to force the kernel to reread the partition table. Use *blockdev --rereadpt* instead." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:454 msgid "Since version 2.26 *sfdisk* does not provide the *--DOS*, *--IBM*, *--DOS-extended*, *--unhide*, *--show-extended*, *--cylinders*, *--heads*, *--sectors*, *--inside-outer*, *--not-inside-outer* options." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:455 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:57 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:48 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:230 #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:131 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:241 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:98 ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:69 #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:89 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:69 #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:119 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:101 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:110 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:70 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:72 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:138 #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:92 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:113 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:117 ../sys-utils/setarch.8.adoc:86 #: ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:142 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:176 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:67 ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:81 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:85 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:290 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:230 ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:101 #: ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "EXAMPLES" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:457 #, no-wrap msgid "*sfdisk --list --label-nested=mbr /dev/sda*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:459 msgid "Print protective MBR on device with GPT disk label." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:460 #, no-wrap msgid "*echo -e ',10M,L\\n,10M,L\\n,+,\\n' | sfdisk /dev/sdc*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:462 msgid "Create three Linux partitions, with the default start, the size of the first two partitions is 10MiB, and the last partition fills all available space on the device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:463 #, no-wrap msgid "*echo -e 'size=10M, type=L\\n size=10M, type=L\\n size=+\\n' | sfdisk /dev/sdc*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:465 msgid "The same as the previous example, but in named-fields format." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:466 #, no-wrap msgid "*echo -e 'type=swap' | sfdisk -N 3 /dev/sdc*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:468 msgid "Set type of the 3rd partition to 'swap'." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:469 #, no-wrap msgid "*sfdisk --part-type /dev/sdc 3 swap*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:471 msgid "The same as the previous example, but without script use." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:472 #, no-wrap msgid "*sfdisk --delete /dev/sdc 2*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:474 msgid "Delete 2nd partition." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:475 #, no-wrap msgid "*echo \"\\+,+\" | sfdisk -N 3 --move-data /dev/sdc*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:477 msgid "Enlarge 3rd partition in both directions, move start to use free space before the partition and enlarge the size to use all free space after to the partition, and move partition data too." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:483 msgid "The current *sfdisk* implementation is based on the original *sfdisk* from Andries E. Brouwer." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/sfdisk.8.adoc:491 msgid "*fdisk*(8), *cfdisk*(8), *parted*(8), *partprobe*(8), *partx*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "swaplabel(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:18 msgid "swaplabel - print or change the label or UUID of a swap area" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:22 msgid "*swaplabel* [*-L* _label_] [*-U* _UUID_] _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:26 msgid "*swaplabel* will display or change the label or UUID of a swap partition located on _device_ (or regular file)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:28 msgid "If the optional arguments *-L* and *-U* are not given, *swaplabel* will simply display the current swap-area label and UUID of _device_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:30 msgid "If an optional argument is present, then *swaplabel* will change the appropriate value on _device_. These values can also be set during swap creation using *mkswap*(8). The *swaplabel* utility allows changing the label or UUID on an actively used swap device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:35 msgid "Specify a new _label_ for the device. Swap partition labels can be at most 16 characters long. If _label_ is longer than 16 characters, *swaplabel* will truncate it and print a warning message." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:38 msgid "Specify a new _UUID_ for the device. The _UUID_ must be in the standard 8-4-4-4-12 character format, such as is output by *uuidgen*(1)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:49 msgid "*swaplabel* was written by mailto:jborden@bluehost.com[Jason Borden] and mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../disk-utils/swaplabel.8.adoc:55 msgid "*uuidgen*(1), *mkswap*(8), *swapon*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:11 #, no-wrap msgid "terminal-colors.d(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute :man manual: #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:13 ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:62 #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "File formats" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:21 msgid "terminal-colors.d - configure output colorization for various utilities" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:25 msgid "/etc/terminal-colors.d/_[[name][@term].][type]_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:29 msgid "Files in this directory determine the default behavior for utilities when coloring output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:31 msgid "The _name_ is a utility name. The name is optional and when none is specified then the file is used for all unspecified utilities." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:33 msgid "The _term_ is a terminal identifier (the *TERM* environment variable). The terminal identifier is optional and when none is specified then the file is used for all unspecified terminals." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:35 msgid "The _type_ is a file type. Supported file types are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:36 ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*disable*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:38 msgid "Turns off output colorization for all compatible utilities. See also the *NO_COLOR* environment variable below." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "*enable*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:41 msgid "Turns on output colorization; any matching *disable* files are ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*scheme*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:44 msgid "Specifies colors used for output. The file format may be specific to the utility, the default format is described below." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:46 msgid "If there are more files that match for a utility, then the file with the more specific filename wins. For example, the filename _@xterm.scheme_ has less priority than _dmesg@xterm.scheme_. The lowest priority are those files without a utility name and terminal identifier (e.g., \"disable\")." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "DEFAULT SCHEME FILES FORMAT" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:52 msgid "The following statement is recognized:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:54 msgid "_name color-sequence_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:59 msgid "The _name_ is a logical name for the color sequence (for example: *error*). The names are specific to the utilities. For more details always see the *COLORS* section in the man page for the utility." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:61 msgid "The _color-sequence_ is a color name, ASCII color sequences, or escape sequences." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "Color names" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:65 msgid "black, blink, blue, bold, brown, cyan, darkgray, gray, green, halfbright, lightblue, lightcyan, lightgray, lightgreen, lightmagenta, lightred, magenta, red, reset, reverse, and yellow." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "ANSI color sequences" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:69 msgid "The color sequences are composed of sequences of numbers separated by semicolons. The most common codes are:" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|0\n" "|to restore default color\n" "\n" "|1\n" "|for brighter colors\n" "\n" "|4\n" "|for underlined text\n" "\n" "|5\n" "|for flashing text\n" "\n" "|30\n" "|for black foreground\n" "\n" "|31\n" "|for red foreground\n" "\n" "|32\n" "|for green foreground\n" "\n" "|33\n" "|for yellow (or brown) foreground\n" "\n" "|34\n" "|for blue foreground\n" "\n" "|35\n" "|for purple foreground\n" "\n" "|36\n" "|for cyan foreground\n" "\n" "|37\n" "|for white (or gray) foreground\n" "\n" "|40\n" "|for black background\n" "\n" "|41\n" "|for red background\n" "\n" "|42\n" "|for green background\n" "\n" "|43\n" "|for yellow (or brown) background\n" "\n" "|44\n" "|for blue background\n" "\n" "|45\n" "|for purple background\n" "\n" "|46\n" "|for cyan background\n" "\n" "|47\n" "|for white (or gray) background\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:135 msgid "For example, to use a red background for alert messages in the output of *dmesg*(1), use:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:137 msgid "`` *echo 'alert 37;41' >> /etc/terminal-colors.d/dmesg.scheme*``" msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:138 #, no-wrap msgid "Escape sequences" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:143 msgid "An escape sequence is necessary to enter a space, backslash, caret, or any control character anywhere in a string, as well as a hash mark as the first character. These C-style backslash-escapes can be used:" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:184 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|*\\a*\n" "|Bell (ASCII 7)\n" "\n" "|*\\b*\n" "|Backspace (ASCII 8)\n" "\n" "|*\\e*\n" "|Escape (ASCII 27)\n" "\n" "|*\\f*\n" "|Form feed (ASCII 12)\n" "\n" "|*\\n*\n" "|Newline (ASCII 10)\n" "\n" "|*\\r*\n" "|Carriage Return (ASCII 13)\n" "\n" "|*\\t*\n" "|Tab (ASCII 9)\n" "\n" "|*\\v*\n" "|Vertical Tab (ASCII 11)\n" "\n" "|*\\?*\n" "|Delete (ASCII 127)\n" "\n" "|*\\_*\n" "|Space\n" "\n" "|*\\\\*\n" "|Backslash (\\)\n" "\n" "|*\\^*\n" "|Caret (^)\n" "\n" "|*\\\\#*\n" "|Hash mark (#)\n" msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:186 #, no-wrap msgid "Comments" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:190 msgid "Lines where the first non-blank character is a *#* (hash) are ignored. Any other use of the hash character is not interpreted as introducing a comment." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:193 #, no-wrap msgid "*TERMINAL_COLORS_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:195 ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:118 #: ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:158 msgid "enables debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:196 #, no-wrap msgid "*NO_COLOR*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:200 msgid "if defined, this disables output colorization unless explicitly enabled by a command-line option. See https://no-color.org/ for more details. Supported since util-linux version 2.41." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:204 msgid "_$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/terminal-colors.d_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:206 msgid "_$HOME/.config/terminal-colors.d_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:208 msgid "_/etc/terminal-colors.d_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:212 msgid "Disable colors for all compatible utilities:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:215 ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:227 msgid "*touch /etc/terminal-colors.d/disable*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:218 msgid "Disable colors for all compatible utils on a vt100 terminal:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:221 msgid "*touch /etc/terminal-colors.d/@vt100.disable*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:224 msgid "Disable colors for all compatible utils except *dmesg*(1):" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:229 msgid "*touch /etc/terminal-colors.d/dmesg.enable*" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:231 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:115 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:175 #, no-wrap msgid "COMPATIBILITY" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lib/terminal-colors.d.5.adoc:234 msgid "The *terminal-colors.d* functionality is currently supported by all util-linux utilities which provides colorized output. For more details always see the *COLORS* section in the man page for the utility." msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "libblkid(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute :man manual: #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:12 ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:37 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:37 ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:37 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:37 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:39 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:37 ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:37 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:37 ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:37 #: ../liblastlog2/man/lastlog2.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:4 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:4 msgid "Programmer's Manual" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:21 msgid "libblkid - block device identification library" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:25 msgid "*#include *" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:27 msgid "*cc* _file.c_ *-lblkid*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:31 msgid "The *libblkid* library is used to identify block devices (disks) as to their content (e.g., filesystem type) as well as extracting additional information such as filesystem labels/volume names, unique identifiers/serial numbers. A common use is to allow use of *LABEL=* and *UUID=* tags instead of hard-coding specific block device names into configuration files. See list of all available tags in *TAGS* section." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:33 msgid "The low-level part of the library also allows the extraction of information about partitions and block device topology." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:35 msgid "The high-level part of the library keeps information about block devices in a cache file and is verified to still be valid before being returned to the user (if the user has read permission on the raw block device, otherwise not). The cache file also allows unprivileged users (normally anyone other than root, or those not in the \"disk\" group) to locate devices by label/id. The standard location of the cache file can be overridden by the environment variable *BLKID_FILE*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:37 msgid "In situations where one is getting information about a single known device, it does not impact performance whether the cache is used or not (unless you are not able to read the block device directly)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:39 msgid "The high-level part of the library supports two methods to determine *LABEL/UUID*. It reads information directly from a block device or reads information from /dev/disk/by-* udev symlinks. The udev is preferred method by default." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:41 msgid "If you are dealing with multiple devices, use of the cache is highly recommended (even if empty) as devices will be scanned at most one time and the on-disk cache will be updated if possible." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:43 msgid "In some cases (modular kernels), block devices are not even visible until after they are accessed the first time, so it is critical that there is some way to locate these devices without enumerating only visible devices, so the use of the cache file is *required* in this situation." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:44 ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:162 #, no-wrap msgid "CONFIGURATION FILE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:47 msgid "The standard location of the _/etc/blkid.conf_ config file can be overridden by the environment variable *BLKID_CONF*. For more details about the config file see *blkid*(8) man page." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "TAGS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:51 msgid "All available tags are listed below. Not all tags are supported for all file systems. To enable a tag, set one of the following flags with *blkid_probe_set_superblocks_flags*():" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_TYPE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:55 msgid "TYPE - filesystem type" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_SECTYPE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:59 msgid "SEC_TYPE - secondary filesystem type" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_LABEL" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:63 msgid "LABEL - filesystem label" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_LABELRAW" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:67 msgid "LABEL_RAW - raw label from FS superblock" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_UUID" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:71 msgid "UUID - filesystem UUID (lower case)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:73 msgid "UUID_SUB - pool member UUID or device item UUID, etc. (e.g., zfs, btrfs, ...)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:75 msgid "LOGUUID - external log UUID (e.g. xfs)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_UUIDRAW" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:79 msgid "UUID_RAW - raw UUID from FS superblock" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_USAGE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:83 msgid "USAGE - usage string: \"raid\", \"filesystem\", etc." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:84 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_VERSION" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:87 msgid "VERSION - filesystem version" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_MAGIC" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:91 msgid "SBMAGIC - super block magic string" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:93 msgid "SBMAGIC_OFFSET - offset of SBMAGIC" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKID_SUBLKS_FSINFO" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:100 msgid "FSSIZE - size of filesystem. Note that for XFS this will return the same value as lsblk (without XFS's metadata), but for ext4 it will return the size with metadata and for BTRFS will not count overhead of RAID configuration (redundant data)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:102 msgid "FSLASTBLOCK - last fsblock/total number of fsblocks" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:104 msgid "FSBLOCKSIZE - file system block size" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "The following tags are always enabled" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:108 msgid "BLOCK_SIZE - minimal block size accessible by file system" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:110 msgid "MOUNT - cluster mount name (ocfs only)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:112 msgid "EXT_JOURNAL - external journal UUID" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:114 msgid "SYSTEM_ID - ISO9660 system identifier" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:116 msgid "VOLUME_SET_ID - ISO9660 volume set identifier" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:118 msgid "DATA_PREPARER_ID - ISO9660 data identifier" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:120 msgid "PUBLISHER_ID - ISO9660 publisher identifier" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:122 msgid "APPLICATION_ID - ISO9660 application identifier" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:124 msgid "BOOT_SYSTEM_ID - ISO9660 boot system identifier" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:128 msgid "*libblkid* was written by Andreas Dilger for the ext2 filesystem utilities, with input from Ted Ts'o. The library was subsequently heavily modified by Ted Ts'o." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:130 msgid "The low-level probing code was rewritten by Karel Zak." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "COPYING" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:134 msgid "*libblkid* is available under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License (LGPL), version 2 (or at your discretion any later version)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libblkid/libblkid.3.adoc:139 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:120 msgid "*blkid*(8), *findfs*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:9 #, no-wrap msgid "scols-filter(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute :man manual: #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:11 msgid "File formats and conventions" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:21 msgid "scols-filter - syntax for libsmartcols filter expressions" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:22 #, no-wrap msgid "SYNTAX" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "" "expr: param\n" " | ( expr )\n" " | expr && expr | expr AND expr\n" " | expr || expr | expr OR expr\n" " | !expr | NOT expr\n" " | expr == expr | expr EQ expr\n" " | expr != expr | expr NE expr\n" " | expr >= expr | expr GE expr\n" " | expr <= expr | expr LE expr\n" " | expr > expr | expr GT expr\n" " | expr < expr | expr LT expr\n" " | expr =~ string \n" " | expr !~ string\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "" "param: integer\n" " | float\n" " | string\n" " | boolean\n" " | holder\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "" "integer: [0-9]*\n" " | [0-9]*[KMGTPEZY]\n" " | [0-9]*[KMGTPEZY]iB\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "float: integer.integer\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "boolean: \"true\" | \"false\" | \"TRUE\" | \"FALSE\"\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "string: \"[^\\n\\\"]*\" | '[^\\n\\']*'\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block - #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "holder: [a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z_.%:/\\-0-9]*\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:66 msgid "The filter expression can be used by application linked with libsmartcols to filter output data. The application can use the filter before it gathers all data for the output to reduce resources and improve performance. This makes scols filter more effective than *grep*(1) on the complete output. For example" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid " lsblk --output NAME,LABEL,FSTYPE --filter 'NAME==\"sda1\"'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:71 msgid "helps *lsblk*(1) to not read LABELs for all block device from udevd or libblkid, but read it only for device sda1." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:73 msgid "The filter can be also used for columns which are not used in the output." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "SYNTAX NOTES" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:77 msgid "An expression consists of holders, params, and operators." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:82 msgid "The currently supported `holder` type is column name only. The name has to be used without quotes. Before evaluation, application maps column names in the given expression to the output table columns and assign column data type to the holder. The default type is \"string\"." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:85 msgid "The `param` is for representing a value directly. The currently supported data types are integer, float, string and boolean." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:91 msgid "An operator works with one or two operand(s). An operator has an expectation about the data type(s) of its operands. Giving an unexpected data type to an operator causes a syntax error. The library can cast between data types, the preferred is always the type as specified by `param` and in case of expression with number and float the preferred is the float." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:95 msgid "Operators taking two operands are `and`, `or`, `eq`, `ne`, `le`, `lt`, `ge`, `gt`, `=~`, `!~`. Alphabetically named operators have C-language flavored aliases: `&&`, `||`, `==`, `!=`, `<`, `<=`, `>=`, and `>`." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:99 msgid "`!` is the only operator that takes one operand. If no operator is specified then expression is true if param or holder are not empty. For example *--filter NAME* will return lines where column NAME is not empty." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:103 msgid "`=~` and `!~` is for regular expression matching; if a string at the right side matches (or not matches for `!~` a regular expression at the left side), the result is true. The right side operand must be a string literal." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:105 msgid "The precedences within operators is `or`, `and`, and `eq`, `ne`, `le`, `gt`, `ge`, `=~`, `!~`, `not`." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "LIMITATIONS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:113 msgid "About `float` and `integer` typed values, the filter engine supports only non-negative numbers. The `integer` is unsigned 64-bit number, and `float` is long double. The `integer` may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB, GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB, and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\")." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libsmartcols/scols-filter.5.adoc:119 msgid "Based on original implementation from mailto:yamato@redhat.com[Masatake YAMATO]." msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid - DCE compatible Universally Unique Identifier library" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:50 ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:50 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:50 ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:50 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:52 ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:50 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:50 ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:50 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:50 msgid "*#include *" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:54 msgid "The UUID library is used to generate unique identifiers for objects that may be accessible beyond the local system. This library generates UUIDs compatible with those created by the Open Software Foundation (OSF) Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) utility *uuidgen*(1)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:56 msgid "The UUIDs generated by this library can be reasonably expected to be unique within a system, and unique across all systems. They could be used, for instance, to generate unique HTTP cookies across multiple web servers without communication between the servers, and without fear of a name clash." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:57 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:78 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:64 ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:61 #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:237 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:65 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:78 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:88 #: ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:226 #, no-wrap msgid "CONFORMING TO" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:60 ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:81 msgid "This library generates UUIDs compatible with OSF DCE 1.1, and hash based UUIDs V3 and V5 compatible with link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC-4122]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:64 ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:60 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:64 ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:64 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:85 ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:60 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:71 ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:64 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:68 msgid "Theodore Y. Ts'o" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid.3.adoc:75 msgid "*uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_clear(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_clear - reset value of UUID variable to the NULL value" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:52 msgid "*void uuid_clear(uuid_t __uu__);*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:56 msgid "The *uuid_clear*() function sets the value of the supplied uuid variable _uu_ to the NULL value." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_clear.3.adoc:70 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_compare(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_compare - compare whether two UUIDs are the same" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:52 msgid "*int uuid_compare(const uuid_t __uu1__, const uuid_t __uu2__)*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:56 msgid "The *uuid_compare*() function compares the two supplied uuid variables _uu1_ and _uu2_ to each other." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:57 ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:57 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:74 ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:60 #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:57 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_import_lastlog.3.adoc:36 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_all.3.adoc:43 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_read_entry.3.adoc:39 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_remove_entry.3.adoc:34 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_rename_user.3.adoc:37 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_update_login_time.3.adoc:38 #: ../liblastlog2/man/ll2_write_entry.3.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "RETURN VALUE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:60 msgid "Returns an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero if _uu1_ is found, respectively, to be lexicographically less than, equal, or greater than _uu2_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_compare.3.adoc:74 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_copy(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_copy - copy a UUID value" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:52 msgid "*void uuid_copy(uuid_t __dst__, const uuid_t __src__);*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:56 msgid "The *uuid_copy*() function copies the UUID variable _src_ to _dst_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:60 msgid "The copied UUID is returned in the location pointed to by _dst_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_copy.3.adoc:74 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_generate(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:48 msgid "uuid_generate, uuid_generate_random, uuid_generate_time, uuid_generate_time_safe - create a new unique UUID value" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*void uuid_generate(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_random(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_time(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*int uuid_generate_time_safe(uuid_t __out__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_md5(uuid_t __out__, const uuid_t __ns__, const char __*name__, size_t __len__);*\n" "*void uuid_generate_sha1(uuid_t __out__, const uuid_t __ns__, const char __*name__, size_t __len__);*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:63 msgid "The *uuid_generate*() function creates a new universally unique identifier (UUID). The uuid will be generated based on high-quality randomness from *getrandom*(2), _/dev/urandom_, or _/dev/random_ if available. If it is not available, then *uuid_generate*() will use an alternative algorithm which uses the current time, the local ethernet MAC address (if available), and random data generated using a pseudo-random generator." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:65 msgid "The *uuid_generate_random*(3) function forces the use of the all-random UUID format, even if a high-quality random number generator is not available, in which case a pseudo-random generator will be substituted. Note that the use of a pseudo-random generator may compromise the uniqueness of UUIDs generated in this fashion." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:67 msgid "The *uuid_generate_time*(3) function forces the use of the alternative algorithm which uses the current time and the local ethernet MAC address (if available). This algorithm used to be the default one used to generate UUIDs, but because of the use of the ethernet MAC address, it can leak information about when and where the UUID was generated. This can cause privacy problems in some applications, so the *uuid_generate*() function only uses this algorithm if a high-quality source of randomness is not available. To guarantee uniqueness of UUIDs generated by concurrently running processes, the uuid library uses a global clock state counter (if the process has permissions to gain exclusive access to this file) and/or the *uuidd*(8) daemon, if it is running already or can be spawned by the process (if installed and the process has enough permissions to run it). If neither of these two synchronization mechanisms can be used, it is theoretically possible that two concurrently running processes obtain the same UUID(s). To tell whether the UUID has been generated in a safe manner, use *uuid_generate_time_safe*(3)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:69 msgid "The *uuid_generate_time_safe*(3) function is similar to *uuid_generate_time*(3), except that it returns a value which denotes whether any of the synchronization mechanisms (see above) has been used." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:71 msgid "The UUID is 16 bytes (128 bits) long, which gives approximately 3.4x10^38 unique values (there are approximately 10^80 elementary particles in the universe according to Carl Sagan's _Cosmos_). The new UUID can reasonably be considered unique among all UUIDs created on the local system, and among UUIDs created on other systems in the past and in the future." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:73 msgid "The *uuid_generate_md5*(3) and *uuid_generate_sha1*(3) functions generate an MD5 and SHA1 hashed (predictable) UUID based on a well-known UUID providing the namespace and an arbitrary binary string. The UUIDs conform to V3 and V5 UUIDs per link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC-4122]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:77 msgid "The newly created UUID is returned in the memory location pointed to by _out_. *uuid_generate_time_safe*(3) returns zero if the UUID has been generated in a safe manner, -1 otherwise." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_generate.3.adoc:98 msgid "*uuidgen*(1), *uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3), *uuidd*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_is_null(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_is_null - compare the value of the UUID to the NULL value" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:52 msgid "*int uuid_is_null(const uuid_t __uu__);*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:56 msgid "The *uuid_is_null*() function compares the value of the supplied UUID variable _uu_ to the NULL value. If the value is equal to the NULL UUID, 1 is returned, otherwise 0 is returned." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_is_null.3.adoc:71 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_parse(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_parse - convert an input UUID string into binary representation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*int uuid_parse(const char *__in__, uuid_t __uu__);*\n" "*int uuid_parse_range(const char *__in_start__, const char *__in_end__, uuid_t __uu__);*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:57 msgid "The *uuid_parse*() function converts the UUID string given by _in_ into the binary representation. The input UUID is a string of the form 1b4e28ba-2fa1-11d2-883f-b9a761bde3fb (in *printf*(3) format \"%08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x\", 36 bytes plus the trailing '\\0')." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:59 msgid "The *uuid_parse_range*(3) function works like *uuid_parse*() but parses only range in string specified by _in_start_ and _in_end_ pointers." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:63 msgid "Upon successfully parsing the input string, 0 is returned, and the UUID is stored in the location pointed to by _uu_, otherwise -1 is returned." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:67 msgid "This library parses UUIDs compatible with OSF DCE 1.1, and hash based UUIDs V3 and V5 compatible with link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC-4122]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_parse.3.adoc:82 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_time(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_time - extract the time at which the UUID was created" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:52 msgid "*time_t uuid_time(const uuid_t __uu__, struct timeval *__ret_tv__)*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:56 msgid "The *uuid_time*() function extracts the time at which the supplied time-based UUID _uu_ was created. Note that the UUID creation time is only encoded within certain types of UUIDs. This function can only reasonably expect to extract the creation time for UUIDs created with the *uuid_generate_time*(3) and *uuid_generate_time_safe*(3) functions. It may or may not work with UUIDs created by other mechanisms." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:60 msgid "The time at which the UUID was created, in seconds since January 1, 1970 GMT (the epoch), is returned (see *time*(2)). The time at which the UUID was created, in seconds and microseconds since the epoch, is also stored in the location pointed to by _ret_tv_ (see *gettimeofday*(2))." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_time.3.adoc:75 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3), *uuid_unparse*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "uuid_unparse(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:46 msgid "uuid_unparse - convert a UUID from binary representation to a string" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*void uuid_unparse(const uuid_t __uu__, char *__out__);*\n" "*void uuid_unparse_upper(const uuid_t __uu__, char *__out__);*\n" "*void uuid_unparse_lower(const uuid_t __uu__, char *__out__);*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:58 msgid "The *uuid_unparse*() function converts the supplied UUID _uu_ from the binary representation into a 36-byte string (plus trailing '\\0') of the form 1b4e28ba-2fa1-11d2-883f-0016d3cca427 and stores this value in the character string pointed to by _out_. The case of the hex digits returned by *uuid_unparse*() may be upper or lower case, and is dependent on the system-dependent local default." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:60 msgid "If the case of the hex digits is important then the functions *uuid_unparse_upper*() and *uuid_unparse_lower*() may be used." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:64 msgid "This library unparses UUIDs compatible with OSF DCE 1.1." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../libuuid/man/uuid_unparse.3.adoc:79 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuid_clear*(3), *uuid_compare*(3), *uuid_copy*(3), *uuid_generate*(3), *uuid_time*(3), *uuid_is_null*(3), *uuid_parse*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:12 #, no-wrap msgid "chfn(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute :man manual: #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:14 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:14 #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:22 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:10 #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:8 ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:12 #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:4 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:4 #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:22 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:11 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:43 ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:11 #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:12 ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:11 #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:10 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:40 #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:40 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:8 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:4 #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:12 #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:10 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:8 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:4 ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:40 #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:29 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:5 #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:4 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:27 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:29 ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:14 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:30 #: ../sys-utils/ipcmk.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/ipcrm.1.adoc:10 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:10 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:4 ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:11 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:40 #: ../sys-utils/setpgid.1.adoc:12 ../sys-utils/setpriv.1.adoc:4 #: ../sys-utils/setsid.1.adoc:8 ../sys-utils/unshare.1.adoc:4 #: ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:40 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:40 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:4 ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:4 #: ../term-utils/setterm.1.adoc:13 ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:41 #: ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:43 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:43 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:40 ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:40 #: ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:40 ../text-utils/hexdump.1.adoc:40 #: ../text-utils/line.1.adoc:11 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:43 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:7 ../text-utils/rev.1.adoc:40 #: ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:40 ../text-utils/bits.1.adoc:18 msgid "User Commands" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:22 msgid "chfn - change your finger information" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:26 msgid "*chfn* [*-f* _full-name_] [*-o* _office_] [*-p* _office-phone_] [*-h* _home-phone_] [*-u*] [*-V*] [_username_|_UID_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:30 msgid "*chfn* is used to change your finger information. This information is stored in the _/etc/passwd_ file, and is displayed by the *finger* program. The Linux *finger* command will display four pieces of information that can be changed by *chfn*: your real name, your work room and phone, and your home phone." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:32 msgid "Any of the four pieces of information can be specified on the command line. If no information is given on the command line, *chfn* enters interactive mode." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:34 msgid "In interactive mode, *chfn* will prompt for each field. At a prompt, you can enter the new information, or just press return to leave the field unchanged. Enter the keyword \"none\" to make the field blank." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:36 msgid "*chfn* supports non-local entries (kerberos, LDAP, etc.) if linked with libuser, otherwise use *ypchfn*(1), *lchfn*(1) or any other implementation for non-local entries." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--full-name* _full-name_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:41 msgid "Specify your real name." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--office* _office_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:44 msgid "Specify your office room number." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--office-phone* _office-phone_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:47 msgid "Specify your office phone number." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-h*, *--home-phone* _home-phone_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:50 msgid "Specify your home phone number." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--help*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:57 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:48 msgid "Display version and exit. (Short option *-V* is used since version 2.39; older versions used the now-deprecated *-v*)." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:60 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:64 #: ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:189 #, no-wrap msgid "CONFIG FILE ITEMS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:63 msgid "*chfn* reads the _/etc/login.defs_ configuration file (see *login.defs*(5)). Note that the configuration file could be distributed with another package (e.g., shadow-utils). The following configuration items are relevant for *chfn*:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*CHFN_RESTRICT* _string_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:67 msgid "Indicate which fields are changeable by *chfn*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:69 msgid "The boolean setting *\"yes\"* means that only the _Office_, _Office Phone_ and _Home Phone_ fields are changeable, and boolean setting *\"no\"* means that also the _Full Name_ is changeable." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:71 msgid "Another way to specify changeable fields is by abbreviations:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:73 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "*f*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:74 msgid "Full Name" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:76 msgid "Office (room)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*w*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:78 msgid "Office (work) Phone" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:80 msgid "Home Phone" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:83 msgid "For example, *CHFN_RESTRICT \"wh\"* allows changing work and home phone numbers." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:85 msgid "If *CHFN_RESTRICT* is undefined, then all finger information is read-only. This is the default." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:89 ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:60 #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:100 msgid "Returns 0 if operation was successful, 1 if operation failed or command syntax was not valid." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:94 msgid "mailto:svalente@mit.edu[Salvatore Valente], mailto:cgoesc2@wgu.edu[Christian Goeschel Ndjomouo]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chfn.1.adoc:101 msgid "*chsh*(1), *finger*(1), *login.defs*(5), *passwd*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:12 #, no-wrap msgid "chsh(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:22 msgid "chsh - change your login shell" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:26 msgid "*chsh* [*-s* _shell_] [*-l*] [*-h*] [*-V*] [_username_|_UID_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:30 msgid "*chsh* is used to change your login shell. If a shell is not given on the command line, *chsh* prompts for one." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:32 msgid "*chsh* supports non-local entries (kerberos, LDAP, etc.) if linked with libuser, otherwise use *ypchsh*(1), *lchsh*(1) or any other implementation for non-local entries." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:35 ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:59 #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--shell* _shell_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:37 msgid "Specify your login shell." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list-shells*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:40 msgid "Print the list of shells listed in _/etc/shells_ and exit." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:44 msgid "Display help text and exit. (Short option *-h* is used since version 2.30; older versions used the now-deprecated *-u*)." msgstr "" #. Do not include::man-common/help-version.adoc[] as both -h and -V are already given explicitly above in more detail. #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "VALID SHELLS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:54 msgid "*chsh* will accept the full pathname of any executable file on the system." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:56 msgid "The default behavior for non-root users is to accept only shells listed in the _/etc/shells_ file, and issue a warning for root user. It can also be configured at compile-time to only issue a warning for all users." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:64 msgid "mailto:svalente@mit.edu[Salvatore Valente]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/chsh.1.adoc:71 msgid "*login*(1), *login.defs*(5), *passwd*(5), *shells*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:20 #, no-wrap msgid "last(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:30 msgid "last, lastb - show a listing of last logged in users" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:34 msgid "*last* [options] [_username_|_tty_]..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:36 msgid "*lastb* [options] [_username_|_tty_]..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:44 msgid "*last* searches back through the _/var/log/wtmp_ file (or the file given with the *-f* option) and displays a list of all users who logged in (and out) since that file was created. One or more _usernames_ and/or _ttys_ can be given, in which case *last* will show only the entries matching those arguments. (Names of _ttys_ can be abbreviated, thus *last 0* is the same as *last tty0*.)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:48 msgid "When catching a *SIGINT* or *SIGQUIT* signal, *last* will show how far it has searched through the file, and in case of the *SIGINT* signal (generated by the interrupt key, usually control-C) *last* will then terminate." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:50 msgid "The pseudo user *reboot* logs in each time the system is rebooted. Thus *last reboot* will show a log of all the reboots since the log file was created." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:52 msgid "*lastb* is the same as *last*, except that by default it shows a log of the _/var/log/btmp_ file, which contains all the bad login attempts." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--hostlast*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:57 msgid "Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in combination with the *-d* option." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dns*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:60 msgid "For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name of the remote host, but its IP number as well. This option translates the IP number back into a hostname." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:61 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:69 #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--file* _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:64 msgid "Tell *last* to use a specific _file_ instead of _/var/log/wtmp_. The *-f* option can be given multiple times, and all of the specified files will be processed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--fulltimes*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:67 msgid "Print full login and logout times and dates." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--ip*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:70 msgid "Like *-d*, but displays the host's IP number instead of the name." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--limit* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:73 msgid "The maximum amount of logins to show." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "**-**_number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:76 msgid "The same as *-n* _number_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--present* _time_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:80 msgid "Display the users who were present at the specified _time_. For ways to specify _time_, see the section *TIME FORMATS* below." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*-R*, *--nohostname*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:83 msgid "Suppresses the display of the hostname field." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:84 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--since* _time_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:87 msgid "Display the state of logins since the specified _time_. The option can be combined with *-t* to cover a period." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--until* _time_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:90 msgid "Display the state of logins until the specified _time_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--tab-separated*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:93 msgid "Use ASCII *tab* characters to separate the columns in the output instead of spaces." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:94 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "*--time-format* _format_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:101 msgid "Define the appearance of the timestamp to be one of: *notime*, *short*, *full*, or *iso*. The *notime* variant will not print any timestamps at all, *short* is the default, and *full* is the same as the *--fulltimes* option. The *iso* variant will display the timestamp in ISO-8601 format. The ISO format contains timezone information, making it preferable when printouts are investigated outside of the system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:102 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--fullnames*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:107 msgid "Display full user names and domain names / IP addresses. When this option is not specified, user names are truncated to 8 characters, and domain names and IP addresses to 16 characters. An asterisk is shown as the last character of truncated fields." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--system*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:110 msgid "Display the system shutdown entries and run level changes." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "TIME FORMATS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:116 msgid "The argument _time_ allows the following forms:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" " YYYYMMDDhhmmss\n" " \"YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss\"\n" " \"YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm\" (seconds is 00)\n" " YYYY-MM-DD (time is 00:00:00)\n" " hh:mm:ss (date is today)\n" " hh:mm (date is today, seconds is 00)\n" " now\n" " today (time is 00:00:00)\n" " yesterday (time is 00:00:00)\n" " -number[smhd] (seconds/minutes/hours/days before now)\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:130 msgid "Examples of the **-**_number_[*smhd*] format are: *-5m*, *-6h*, *-2d*. The unit specifier may be longer: *-5min*, *-6hours*, *-2days*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:135 msgid "_/var/log/wtmp_, _/var/log/btmp_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:139 msgid "The files _wtmp_ and _btmp_ might not be found. The system only logs information in these files if they are present. This is a local configuration issue. If you want the files to be used, they can be created with a simple *touch*(1) command (for example, *touch /var/log/wtmp*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:141 msgid "An empty entry is a valid type of wtmp entry. It means that an empty file or file with zeros is not interpreted as an error." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:143 msgid "The utmp file format uses fixed sizes of strings, which means that very long strings are impossible to store in the file and impossible to display by *last*. The usual limits are 32 bytes for a user and line name and 256 bytes for a hostname." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:147 msgid "mailto:miquels@cistron.nl[Miquel van Smoorenburg]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/last.1.adoc:154 msgid "*login*(1), *wtmp*(5), *init*(8), *shutdown*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "login(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:18 msgid "login - begin session on the system" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:22 msgid "*login* [*-p*] [*-s* _shell_] [*-h* _host_] [*-H*] [[*-f*] _username_|_UID_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:26 msgid "*login* is used when signing onto a system. If no argument is given, *login* prompts for the username." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:28 msgid "The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate. Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password. Only a number of password failures are permitted before *login* exits and the communications link is severed. See *LOGIN_RETRIES* in the *CONFIG FILE ITEMS* section." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:30 msgid "If password aging has been enabled for the account, the user may be prompted for a new password before proceeding. In such a case, the old password must be provided and the new password entered before continuing. Please refer to *passwd*(1) for more information." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:32 msgid "The user and group ID will be set according to their values in the _/etc/passwd_ file. There is one exception if the user ID is zero. In this case, only the primary group ID of the account is set. This should allow the system administrator to login even in case of network problems. The environment variable values for *$HOME*, *$USER*, *$SHELL*, *$PATH*, *$LOGNAME*, and *$MAIL* are set according to the appropriate fields in the password entry. *$PATH* defaults to _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_ for normal users, and to _/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin_ for root, if not otherwise configured." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:34 msgid "The environment variable *$TERM* will be preserved, if it exists, else it will be initialized to the terminal type on your tty. The environment variables *$COLORTERM* and *$NO_COLOR* will be preserved if they exist." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:36 msgid "Other environment variables are preserved if the *-p* option is given or if *LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST* defined in _/etc/login.defs_ (see below)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:38 msgid "The environment variables defined by PAM are always preserved." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:40 msgid "Then the user's shell is started. If no shell is specified for the user with *-s* or in _/etc/passwd_, then _/bin/sh_ is used. If the specified shell contains a space, it is treated as a shell script. If there is no home directory specified in _/etc/passwd_, then _/_ is used, followed by _.hushlogin_ check as described below." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:42 msgid "If the file _.hushlogin_ exists, then a \"quiet\" login is performed. This disables the checking of mail and the printing of the last login time and message of the day. Otherwise, if _/var/log/lastlog_ exists, the last login time is printed, and the current login is recorded." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:47 msgid "Used by *getty*(8) to tell *login* to preserve the environment. See also *LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST* config file item." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:48 ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:96 #: ../text-utils/pg.1.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:50 msgid "Used to skip a login authentication. This option is usually used by the *getty*(8) autologin feature." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-h*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:53 msgid "Used by other servers (such as *telnetd*(8) to pass the name of the remote host to *login* so that it can be placed in utmp and wtmp. Only the superuser is allowed use this option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:55 msgid "Note that the *-h* option has an impact on the *PAM service* *name*. The standard service name is _login_, but with the *-h* option, the name is _remote_. It is necessary to create proper PAM config files (for example, _/etc/pam.d/login_ and _/etc/pam.d/remote_)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-H*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:58 msgid "Used by other servers (for example, *telnetd*(8)) to tell *login* that printing the hostname should be suppressed in the login: prompt. See also *LOGIN_PLAIN_PROMPT* below." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:61 msgid "Specify a _shell_, other than the one defined in _/etc/passwd_, to log in to." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:67 msgid "*login* reads the _/etc/login.defs_ configuration file (see *login.defs*(5)). Note that the configuration file could be distributed with another package (usually shadow-utils). The following configuration items are relevant for *login*:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*MOTD_FILE* (string)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:70 msgid "Specifies a \":\" delimited list of \"message of the day\" files and directories to be displayed upon login. If the specified path is a directory then displays all files with .motd file extension in version-sort order from the directory." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:72 msgid "The default value is _/usr/share/misc/motd:/run/motd:/etc/motd_. If the *MOTD_FILE* item is empty or a quiet login is enabled, then the message of the day is not displayed. Note that the same functionality is also provided by the *pam_motd*(8) PAM module." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:74 msgid "The directories in the *MOTD_FILE* are supported since version 2.36." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:76 msgid "Note that *login* does not implement any filenames overriding behavior like pam_motd (see also *MOTD_FIRSTONLY*), but all content from all files is displayed. It is recommended to keep extra logic in content generators and use _/run/motd.d_ rather than rely on overriding behavior hardcoded in system tools." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*MOTD_FIRSTONLY* (boolean)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:80 msgid "Forces *login* to stop display content specified by *MOTD_FILE* after the first accessible item in the list. Note that a directory is one item in this case. This option allows *login* semantics to be configured to be more compatible with pam_motd. The default value is _no_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST* (string)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:84 msgid "Forces *login* to protect the specified environment variables if *-p* is not used. The string value is a comma-separated list of variable names. For example: \"LANG,LC_MESSAGES,LC_COLLATE\". The safelist is ignored for the environment variables HOME, SHELL and USER." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:85 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:194 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_PLAIN_PROMPT* (boolean)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:88 msgid "Tell *login* that printing the hostname should be suppressed in the login: prompt. This is an alternative to the *-H* command line option. The default value is _no_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_TIMEOUT* (number)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:92 msgid "Maximum time in seconds for login. The default value is _60_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_RETRIES* (number)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:96 msgid "Maximum number of login retries in case of a bad password. The default value is _3_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_KEEP_USERNAME* (boolean)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:100 msgid "Tell *login* to only re-prompt for the password if authentication failed, but the username is valid. The default value is _no_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:101 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "*FAIL_DELAY* (number)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:104 msgid "Delay in seconds before being allowed another three tries after a login failure. The default value is _5_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "*TTYPERM* (string)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:108 msgid "The terminal permissions. The default value is _0600_ or _0620_ if tty group is used. See also *mesg*(1)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*TTYGROUP* (string)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:112 msgid "The login tty will be owned by the *TTYGROUP*. The default value is _tty_. If the *TTYGROUP* does not exist, then the ownership of the terminal is set to the user's primary group." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:114 msgid "The *TTYGROUP* can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier. See also *mesg*(1)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:115 #, no-wrap msgid "*HUSHLOGIN_FILE* (string)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:118 msgid "If defined, this file can inhibit all the usual chatter during the login sequence. If a full pathname (for example, _/etc/hushlogins_) is specified, then hushed mode will be enabled if the user's name or shell are found in the file. If this global hush login file is empty then the hushed mode will be enabled for all users." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:120 msgid "If a full pathname is not specified, then hushed mode will be enabled if the file exists in the user's home directory." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:122 msgid "The default is to check _/etc/hushlogins_ and if it does not exist then _~/.hushlogin_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:124 msgid "If the *HUSHLOGIN_FILE* item is empty, then all the checks are disabled." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:125 #, no-wrap msgid "*DEFAULT_HOME* (boolean)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:128 msgid "Indicate if login is allowed if we cannot change directory to the home directory. If set to _yes_, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to change directory to their home. The default value is _yes_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:129 #, no-wrap msgid "*LASTLOG_UID_MAX* (unsigned number)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:132 msgid "Highest user ID number for which the _lastlog_ entries should be updated. As higher user IDs are usually tracked by remote user identity and authentication services there is no need to create a huge sparse _lastlog_ file for them. No LASTLOG_UID_MAX option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing _lastlog_ entries. The default value is _ULONG_MAX_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:133 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB* (boolean)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:136 msgid "Enable display of unknown usernames when login failures are recorded. The default value is _no_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:138 msgid "Note that logging unknown usernames may be a security issue if a user enters their password instead of their login name." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:139 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:97 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "*ENV_PATH* (string)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:142 msgid "If set, it will be used to define the *PATH* environment variable when a regular user logs in. The default value is _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:143 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:100 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "*ENV_ROOTPATH* (string)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:144 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:101 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:114 #, no-wrap msgid "*ENV_SUPATH* (string)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:147 msgid "If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser logs in. *ENV_ROOTPATH* takes precedence. The default value is _/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:148 #, no-wrap msgid "*LOGIN_SHELL_FALLBACK* (boolean)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:151 msgid "If set to _yes_, login will provide a valid shell from _/etc/shells_ when the shell specified in _/etc/passwd_ is invalid or inaccessible due to administrative errors. This ensures users can still log in. However, it may bypass intended shell restrictions, potentially causing unexpected behavior if the fallback shell differs from the configured one." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:165 msgid "_/var/run/utmp_, _/var/log/wtmp_, _/var/log/lastlog_, _/var/spool/mail/*_, _/etc/motd_, _/etc/passwd_, _/etc/nologin_, _/etc/pam.d/login_, _/etc/pam.d/remote_, _/etc/hushlogins_, _$HOME/.hushlogin_" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:166 ../term-utils/agetty.8.adoc:336 #, no-wrap msgid "CREDENTIALS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:169 msgid "*login* supports configuration via systemd credentials (see https://systemd.io/CREDENTIALS/). *login* reads the following systemd credentials:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "*login.noauth* (boolean)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:173 msgid "If set, configures *login* to skip login authentication, similarly to the *-f* option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:177 msgid "The undocumented BSD *-r* option is not supported. This may be required by some *rlogind*(8) programs." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:179 msgid "A recursive login, as used to be possible in the good old days, no longer works; for most purposes *su*(1) is a satisfactory substitute. Indeed, for security reasons, *login* does a *vhangup*(2) system call to remove any possible listening processes on the tty. This is to avoid password sniffing. If one uses the command *login*, then the surrounding shell gets killed by *vhangup*(2) because it's no longer the true owner of the tty. This can be avoided by using *exec login* in a top-level shell or xterm." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:183 msgid "Derived from BSD login 5.40 (5/9/89) by mailto:glad@daimi.dk[Michael Glad] for HP-UX. Ported to Linux 0.12: mailto:poe@daimi.aau.dk[Peter Orbaek]. Rewritten to a PAM-only version by mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/login.1.adoc:195 msgid "*mail*(1), *passwd*(1), *passwd*(5), *utmp*(5), *environ*(7), *getty*(8), *init*(8), *lastlog*(8), *shutdown*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "lslogins(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:17 msgid "lslogins - display information about known users in the system" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:21 msgid "*lslogins* [options] [*-s*|*-u*[**=**_UID_]] [*-g* _groups_] [*-l* _logins_] [_username_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:25 msgid "Examine the wtmp and btmp logs, _/etc/shadow_ (if necessary) and _/passwd_ and output the desired data." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:27 msgid "The optional argument _username_ forces *lslogins* to print all available details about the specified user only. In this case the output format is different than in case of *-l* or *-g* and unknown is _username_ reported as an error." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:29 msgid "The default action is to list info about all the users in the system." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:33 msgid "Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--acc-expiration*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:36 msgid "Display data about the date of last password change and the account expiration date (see *shadow*(5) for more info). (Requires root privileges.)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*--btmp-file* _path_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:39 msgid "Alternate path for btmp." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--colon-separate*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:42 msgid "Separate info about each user with a colon instead of a newline." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:43 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--export*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:45 msgid "Output data in the format of NAME=VALUE. See also option *--shell*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--failed*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:48 msgid "Display data about the users' last failed login attempts." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-G*, *--supp-groups*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:51 msgid "Show information about supplementary groups." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--groups* _groups_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:54 msgid "Only show data of users belonging to _groups_. More than one group may be specified; the list has to be comma-separated. Unknown group names are ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:56 msgid "Note that the relation between user and group may be invisible for the primary group if the user is not explicitly specified as group member (e.g., in _/etc/group_). If the command *lslogins* scans for groups then it uses the groups database only, and the user database with primary GID is not used at all." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-L*, *--last*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:59 msgid "Display data containing information about the users' last login sessions." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--logins* _logins_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:62 msgid "Only show data of users with a login specified in _logins_ (user names or user IDs). More than one login may be specified; the list has to be comma-separated. Unknown login names are ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:63 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--newline*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:65 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:73 msgid "Display each piece of information on a separate line." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:66 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:74 #: ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:45 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*--noheadings*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:68 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:111 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:94 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:52 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:58 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:68 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:76 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:78 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:49 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:47 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:33 msgid "Do not print a header line." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:69 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:63 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*--notruncate*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:71 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:79 msgid "Don't truncate output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:74 msgid "Specify which output columns to print. The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _+list_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:77 msgid "Output all available columns. *--list-columns* to get a list of all supported columns." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:78 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:117 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:67 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:45 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:40 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:71 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-H*, *--list-columns*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:81 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:120 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:70 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:48 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:43 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:40 msgid "List the columns that can be specified with the *--output* option. Can be used with *--json* or *--raw* to get the list in a machine-readable format." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pwd*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:84 msgid "Display information related to login by password (see also *-afL*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:87 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:88 msgid "Raw output (no columnation)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:88 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:47 #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:59 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:85 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:74 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:33 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:47 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:53 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:55 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:74 #: ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:44 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:121 #: ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:78 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:65 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:38 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:73 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:41 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:28 #, no-wrap msgid "*-J*, *--json*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:90 msgid "JSON format output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--system-accs*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:95 msgid "Show system accounts. These are by default all accounts with a UID between 101 and 999 (inclusive), with the exception of either nobody or nfsnobody (UID 65534). This hardcoded default may be overridden by the parameters *SYS_UID_MIN* and *SYS_UID_MAX* in the file _/etc/login.defs_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:96 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*--time-format* _type_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:98 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:94 msgid "Display dates in short, full or iso format. The default is short, this time format is designed to be space efficient and human readable." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--user-accs*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:103 msgid "Show user accounts. These are by default all accounts with a UID above 1000 (inclusive), with the exception of either nobody or nfsnobody (UID 65534). This hardcoded default may be overridden by the parameters *UID_MIN* and *UID_MAX* in the file _/etc/login.defs_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*--wtmp-file* _path_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:108 msgid "Alternate path for wtmp." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*--lastlog-file* _path_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:111 msgid "Alternate path for *lastlog*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:112 ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:206 #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:182 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:98 #, no-wrap msgid "*-y*, *--shell*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:114 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:100 msgid "The column name will be modified to contain only characters allowed for shell variable identifiers. This is usable, for example, with *--export*. Note that this feature has been automatically enabled for *--export* in version 2.37, but due to compatibility issues, now it's necessary to request this behavior by *--shell*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:115 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Z*, *--context*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:117 msgid "Display the users' security context." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:118 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--print0*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:120 msgid "Delimit user entries with a nul character, instead of a newline." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:125 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:109 msgid "if OK," msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:126 ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:115 #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:128 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:212 #: ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:78 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:310 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "1" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:128 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:112 msgid "if incorrect arguments specified," msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:129 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:313 #: ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "2" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:131 msgid "if a serious error occurs (e.g., a corrupt log)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:135 msgid "The default UID thresholds are read from _/etc/login.defs_." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:136 #, no-wrap msgid "Password status" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:139 msgid "Multiple fields describe password status." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "*\"Password is locked\"*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:142 msgid "The password is prefixed by '!!', and the user cannot login although the password is set or empty. This is common for new accounts without a set password." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "*\"Password not required (empty)\"*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:145 msgid "The password is not set (hash is missing); this is common for locked system accounts. Not requiring a password does not mean the user can log-in without a password. It depends on the password \"lock\" status." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:146 #, no-wrap msgid "*\"Login by password disabled\"*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:148 msgid "'yes' means that there is no valid password. The password hash is missing, or the hash method is unknown or contains invalid chars." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:153 ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:59 #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:141 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:159 #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:70 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:766 #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:187 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:94 #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:143 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:116 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1790 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:107 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:121 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:214 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:207 ../term-utils/mesg.1.adoc:110 #: ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:154 ../term-utils/wall.1.adoc:79 #: ../term-utils/write.1.adoc:80 ../text-utils/col.1.adoc:125 #: ../text-utils/colcrt.1.adoc:68 ../text-utils/colrm.1.adoc:65 #: ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:262 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:207 #: ../text-utils/ul.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "HISTORY" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:156 msgid "The *lslogins* utility is inspired by the *logins* utility, which first appeared in FreeBSD 4.10." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:161 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:124 msgid "mailto:ooprala@redhat.com[Ondrej Oprala], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/lslogins.1.adoc:168 msgid "*group*(5), *passwd*(5), *shadow*(5), *utmp*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "newgrp(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:20 msgid "newgrp - log in to a new group" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:24 msgid "*newgrp* [_group_ [_command_]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:26 msgid "*newgrp* [*-c* _command_] [_group_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:30 msgid "*newgrp* changes the group identification of its caller, analogously to *login*(1). The same person remains logged in, and the current directory is unchanged, but calculations of access permissions to files are performed with respect to the new group ID." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:32 msgid "If no group is specified, the GID is changed to the login GID." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:34 msgid "An optional command can be specified, which is invoked after group change instead of the user's shell." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--command*=__command__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:39 msgid "Pass _command_ to the user's shell with the *-c* option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:46 msgid "_/etc/group_, _/etc/passwd_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:50 msgid "Originally by Michael Haardt. Currently maintained by mailto:poe@daimi.aau.dk[Peter Orbaek]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/newgrp.1.adoc:55 msgid "*login*(1), *group*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "nologin(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:12 msgid "nologin - politely refuse a login" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:16 msgid "*nologin* [*-V*] [*-h*]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:20 msgid "*nologin* displays a message that an account is not available and exits non-zero. It is intended as a replacement shell field to deny login access to an account." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:22 msgid "If the file _/etc/nologin.txt_ exists, *nologin* displays its contents to the user instead of the default message." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:24 msgid "The exit status returned by *nologin* is always 1." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:28 ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:26 #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:58 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:71 #: ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--command* _command_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:30 msgid "*--init-file*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:32 msgid "*-i* *--interactive*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:34 msgid "*--init-file* _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:36 ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--interactive*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:38 msgid "*-l*, *--login*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:40 msgid "*--noprofile*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:42 msgid "*--norc*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:44 msgid "*--posix*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:46 msgid "*--rcfile* _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:48 msgid "*-r*, *--restricted*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:50 msgid "These shell command-line options are ignored to avoid *nologin* error." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:56 msgid "*nologin* is a per-account way to disable login (usually used for system accounts like http or ftp). *nologin* uses _/etc/nologin.txt_ as an optional source for a non-default message, the login access is always refused independently of the file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:58 msgid "*pam_nologin*(8) PAM module usually prevents all non-root users from logging into the system. *pam_nologin*(8) functionality is controlled by _/var/run/nologin_ or the _/etc/nologin_ file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:62 msgid "The *nologin* command appeared in 4.4BSD." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/nologin.8.adoc:72 msgid "*login*(1), *passwd*(5), *pam_nologin*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "runuser(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:12 msgid "runuser - run a command with substitute user and group ID" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:16 msgid "*runuser* [options] *-u* _user_ [[--] _command_ [_argument_...]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:18 msgid "*runuser* [options] [*-*] [_user_ [_argument_...]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:22 msgid "*runuser* can be used to run commands with a substitute user and group ID. If the option *-u* is not given, *runuser* falls back to *su*-compatible semantics and a shell is executed. The difference between the commands *runuser* and *su* is that *runuser* does not ask for a password (because it may be executed by the root user only) and it uses a different PAM configuration. The command *runuser* does not have to be installed with set-user-ID permissions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:24 msgid "If the PAM session is not required, then the recommended solution is to use the *setpriv*(1) command." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:26 msgid "When called without arguments, *runuser* defaults to running an interactive shell as _root_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:28 msgid "For backward compatibility, *runuser* defaults to not changing the current directory and to setting only the environment variables *HOME* and *SHELL* (plus *USER* and *LOGNAME* if the target _user_ is not root). This version of *runuser* uses PAM for session management." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:30 msgid "Note that *runuser* in all cases use PAM (*pam_getenvlist*(3)) to do the final environment modification. Command-line options such as *--login* and *--preserve-environment* affect the environment before it is modified by PAM." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:32 msgid "Since version 2.38 *runuser* resets process resource limits RLIMIT_NICE, RLIMIT_RTPRIO, RLIMIT_FSIZE, RLIMIT_AS and RLIMIT_NOFILE." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--command*=_command_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:38 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:39 msgid "Pass _command_ to the shell with the *-c* option. Creates a new session via *setsid*(2). Refer to *--session-command* to keep the same session." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:39 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--fast*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:41 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:42 msgid "Pass *-f* to the shell, which may or may not be useful, depending on the shell." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--group*=_group_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:44 msgid "The primary group to be used. This option is allowed for the root user only." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-G*, *--supp-group*=_group_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:47 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:48 msgid "Specify a supplementary group. This option is available to the root user only. The first specified supplementary group is also used as a primary group if the option *--group* is not specified." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:48 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-*, *-l*, *--login*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:50 msgid "Start the shell as a login shell with an environment similar to a real login:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:52 msgid "clears all the environment variables except for *TERM*, *COLORTERM*, *NO_COLOR* and variables specified by *--whitelist-environment*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:53 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:61 msgid "initializes the environment variables *HOME*, *SHELL*, *USER*, *LOGNAME*, and *PATH*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:54 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:62 msgid "changes to the target user's home directory" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:55 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:63 msgid "sets argv[0] of the shell to '*-*' in order to make the shell a login shell" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:56 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *-p*, *--preserve-environment*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:58 msgid "Preserve the entire environment, i.e., do not set *HOME*, *SHELL*, *USER* or *LOGNAME*. The option is ignored if the option *--login* is specified." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:59 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--pty*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:62 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:70 msgid "Create a pseudo-terminal for the session. The independent terminal provides better security as the user does not share a terminal with the original session. Please note security advice about TIOCSTI vulnerability below." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:64 msgid "The entire session can also be moved to the background (e.g., *runuser --pty* *-u* _user_ *--* _command_ *&*). If the pseudo-terminal is enabled, then *runuser* works as a proxy between the sessions (sync stdin and stdout)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:66 msgid "This feature is mostly designed for interactive sessions. If the standard input is not a terminal, but for example a pipe (e.g., *echo \"date\" | runuser --pty -u* _user_), then the *ECHO* flag for the pseudo-terminal is disabled to avoid messy output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--shell*=_shell_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:69 msgid "Run the specified _shell_ instead of the default. The shell to run is selected according to the following rules, in order:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:71 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:81 msgid "the shell specified with *--shell*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:72 msgid "the shell specified in the environment variable *SHELL* if the *--preserve-environment* option is used" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:73 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:83 msgid "the shell listed in the passwd entry of the target user" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:74 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:84 msgid "/bin/sh" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:76 msgid "If the target user has a restricted shell (i.e., not listed in _/etc/shells_), then the *--shell* option and the *SHELL* environment variables are ignored unless the calling user is root." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:77 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "**--session-command=**__command__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:80 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:88 msgid "Same as *-c*, but do not create a new session. (Discouraged.) Please note security advice about TIOCSTI vulnerability below." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:81 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--no-pty*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:84 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:92 msgid "Do not create a pseudo-terminal, opposite of *--pty* and *-P*. Please note security advice about TIOCSTI vulnerability below." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--user*=_user_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:87 msgid "Run _command_ with the effective user ID and group ID of the user name _user_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--whitelist-environment*=_list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:90 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:95 msgid "Don't reset the environment variables specified in the comma-separated _list_ when clearing the environment for *--login*. The whitelist is ignored for the environment variables *HOME*, *SHELL*, *USER*, *LOGNAME*, and *PATH*." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:93 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:102 #, no-wrap msgid "CONFIG FILES" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:96 msgid "*runuser* reads the _/etc/default/runuser_ and _/etc/login.defs_ configuration files. The following configuration items are relevant for *runuser*:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:99 msgid "Defines the PATH environment variable for a regular user. The default value is _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:103 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:116 msgid "Defines the *PATH* environment variable for root. *ENV_SUPATH* takes precedence. The default value is _/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:104 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:117 #, no-wrap msgid "*ALWAYS_SET_PATH* (boolean)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:106 msgid "If set to _yes_ and *--login* and *--preserve-environment* were not specified *runuser* initializes *PATH*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:108 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:121 msgid "The environment variable *PATH* may be different on systems where _/bin_ and _/sbin_ are merged into _/usr_; this variable is also affected by the *--login* command-line option and the PAM system setting (e.g., *pam_env*(8))." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:112 msgid "*runuser* normally returns the exit status of the command it executed. If the command was killed by a signal, *runuser* returns the number of the signal plus 128." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:114 msgid "Exit status generated by *runuser* itself:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:117 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:130 msgid "Generic error before executing the requested command" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:117 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:130 #, no-wrap msgid "126" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:119 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:132 msgid "The requested command could not be executed" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:119 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:132 #, no-wrap msgid "127" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:121 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:134 msgid "The requested command was not found" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:125 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/pam.d/runuser_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:127 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:139 msgid "default PAM configuration file" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:128 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/pam.d/runuser-l_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:130 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:142 msgid "PAM configuration file if *--login* is specified" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/default/runuser_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:133 msgid "runuser specific logindef config file" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:134 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:146 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/login.defs_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:136 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:148 msgid "global logindef config file" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:137 ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "SECURITY NOTES" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:140 msgid "If *runuser* shares a terminal with the original session, it is potentially vulnerable to privilege escalation through TIOCSTI/TIOCLINUX ioctl command injection. There are two built-in ways to prevent this: Either you can use *runuser* with the *-c* option, which starts a new session via *setsid*(2) without a controlling terminal. Or, if your use case requires a controlling terminal, for example an interactive session, you can instruct *runuser* to use a pseudo terminal with the *--pty* or *-P* option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:144 msgid "This *runuser* command was derived from coreutils' *su*, which was based on an implementation by David MacKenzie, and the Fedora *runuser* command by Dan Walsh." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/runuser.1.adoc:152 msgid "*setpriv*(1), *su*(1), *login.defs*(5), *shells*(5), *pam*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "su(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:13 msgid "su - run a command with substitute user and group ID" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:17 msgid "*su* [options] [*-*] [_user_|_UID_ [_argument_...]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:21 msgid "*su* allows commands to be run with a substitute user and group ID." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:23 msgid "When called with no _user_ specified, *su* defaults to running an interactive shell as _root_. When _user_ is specified, additional __argument__s can be supplied, in which case they are passed to the shell." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:25 msgid "For backward compatibility, *su* defaults to not change the current directory and to only set the environment variables *HOME* and *SHELL* (plus *USER* and *LOGNAME* if the target _user_ is not root). It is recommended to always use the *--login* option (instead of its shortcut *-*) to avoid side effects caused by mixing environments." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:27 msgid "This version of *su* uses PAM for authentication, account and session management. Some configuration options found in other *su* implementations, such as support for a wheel group, have to be configured via PAM." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:29 msgid "*su* is mostly designed for unprivileged users, the recommended solution for privileged users (e.g., scripts executed by root) is to use non-set-user-ID command *runuser*(1) that does not require authentication and provides separate PAM configuration. If the PAM session is not required at all then the recommended solution is to use command *setpriv*(1)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:31 msgid "Note that *su* in all cases uses PAM (*pam_getenvlist*(3)) to do the final environment modification. Command-line options such as *--login* and *--preserve-environment* affect the environment before it is modified by PAM." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:33 msgid "Since version 2.38 *su* resets process resource limits RLIMIT_NICE, RLIMIT_RTPRIO, RLIMIT_FSIZE, RLIMIT_AS and RLIMIT_NOFILE." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--command* __command__" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--group* __group__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:45 msgid "Specify the primary group. This option is available to the root user only." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-G*, *--supp-group* __group__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:51 msgid "Start the shell as a login shell with an environment similar to a real login." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:56 msgid "Note that on *systemd*(1)-based systems, a new session may be defined as a real entry point to the system. However, *su* does not create a real session (by PAM) from this point of view. You need to use tools like *systemd-run*(1) or *machinectl*(1) to initiate a complete, real session." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:58 msgid "*su* does:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:60 msgid "clears all the environment variables except *TERM*, *COLORTERM*, *NO_COLOR* and variables specified by *--whitelist-environment*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:66 msgid "Preserve the entire environment, i.e., do not set *HOME*, *SHELL*, *USER* or *LOGNAME*. This option is ignored if the option *--login* is specified." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:72 msgid "The entire session can also be moved to the background (e.g., *su --pty* **-** __user__ *-c* _application_ *&*). If the pseudo-terminal is enabled, then *su* works as a proxy between the sessions (sync stdin and stdout)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:74 msgid "This feature is mostly designed for interactive sessions. If the standard input is not a terminal, but for example a pipe (e.g., *echo \"date\" | su --pty*), then the *ECHO* flag for the pseudo-terminal is disabled to avoid messy output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--shell* __shell__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:77 msgid "Run the specified _shell_ instead of the default. If the target user has a restricted shell (i.e., not listed in _/etc/shells_), the *--shell* option and the *SHELL* environment variables are ignored unless the calling user is root." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:79 msgid "The shell to run is selected according to the following rules, in order:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:82 msgid "the shell specified in the environment variable *SHELL*, if the *--preserve-environment* option is used" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--whitelist-environment* __list__" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:98 ../term-utils/script.1.adoc:126 #, no-wrap msgid "SIGNALS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:101 msgid "Upon receiving either *SIGINT*, *SIGQUIT* or *SIGTERM*, *su* terminates its child and afterwards terminates itself with the received signal. The child is terminated by *SIGTERM*, after unsuccessful attempt and 2 seconds of delay the child is killed by *SIGKILL*." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:106 msgid "*su* reads the _/etc/default/su_ and _/etc/login.defs_ configuration files. The following configuration items are relevant for *su*{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:109 msgid "Delay in seconds in case of an authentication failure. The number must be a non-negative integer." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:112 msgid "Defines the *PATH* environment variable for a regular user. The default value is _/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:119 msgid "If set to _yes_ and *--login* and *--preserve-environment* were not specified *su* initializes *PATH*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:125 msgid "*su* normally returns the exit status of the command it executed. If the command was killed by a signal, *su* returns the number of the signal plus 128." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:127 msgid "Exit status generated by *su* itself:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/pam.d/su_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/pam.d/su-l_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:143 #, no-wrap msgid "_/etc/default/su_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:145 msgid "command specific logindef config file" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:152 msgid "If *su* shares a terminal with the original session, it is potentially vulnerable to privilege escalation through TIOCSTI/TIOCLINUX ioctl command injection. There are two built-in ways to prevent this: Either you can use *su* with the *-c* option, which starts a new session via *setsid*(2) without a controlling terminal. Or, if your use case requires a controlling terminal, for example an interactive session, you can instruct *su* to use a pseudo terminal with the *--pty* or *-P* option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:154 msgid "For security reasons, *su* always logs failed log-in attempts to the _btmp_ file, but it does not write to the _lastlog_ file at all. This solution can be used to control *su* behavior by PAM configuration. If you want to use the *pam_lastlog*(8) module to print warning message about failed log-in attempts then *pam_lastlog*(8) has to be configured to update the _lastlog_ file as well. For example by:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:157 msgid "session required pam_lastlog.so nowtmp" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:162 msgid "This *su* command was derived from coreutils' *su*, which was based on an implementation by David MacKenzie. The util-linux version has been refactored by Karel Zak." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/su.1.adoc:170 msgid "*setpriv*(1), *login.defs*(5), *shells*(5), *pam*(8), *runuser*(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:21 #, no-wrap msgid "sulogin(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:32 msgid "sulogin - single-user login" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:36 msgid "*sulogin* [options] [_tty_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:40 msgid "*sulogin* is invoked by *init* when the system goes into single-user mode." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:42 msgid "The user is prompted:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:44 msgid "Give root password for system maintenance (or type Control-D for normal startup):" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:46 msgid "If the root account is locked and *--force* is specified, no password is required." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:48 msgid "*sulogin* will be connected to the current terminal, or to the optional _tty_ device that can be specified on the command line (typically _/dev/console_)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:50 msgid "When the user exits from the single-user shell, or presses control-D at the prompt, the system will continue to boot." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--force*" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {asterisk} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:55 msgid "If the default method of obtaining the root password from the system via *getpwnam*(3) fails, then examine _/etc/passwd_ and _/etc/shadow_ to get the password. If these files are damaged or nonexistent, or when root account is locked by '!' or '{asterisk}' at the begin of the password then *sulogin* will *start a root shell without asking for a password*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:58 msgid "Only use the *-e* option if you are sure the console is physically protected against unauthorized access." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--login-shell*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:61 msgid "Specifying this option causes *sulogin* to start the shell process as a login shell." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:62 ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--timeout* _seconds_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:64 msgid "Specify the maximum amount of time to wait for user input. By default, *sulogin* will wait forever." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:70 msgid "*sulogin* looks for the environment variable *SUSHELL* or *sushell* to determine what shell to start. If the environment variable is not set, it will try to execute root's shell from _/etc/passwd_. If that fails, it will fall back to _/bin/sh_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/sulogin.8.adoc:74 msgid "*sulogin* was written by Miquel van Smoorenburg for sysvinit and later ported to util-linux by Dave Reisner and Karel Zak." msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:20 #, no-wrap msgid "utmpdump(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:30 msgid "utmpdump - dump UTMP and WTMP files in raw format" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:34 msgid "*utmpdump* [options] _filename_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:38 msgid "*utmpdump* is a simple program to dump UTMP and WTMP files in raw format, so they can be examined. *utmpdump* reads from stdin unless a _filename_ is passed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--follow*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:43 msgid "Output appended data as the file grows." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--output* _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:46 msgid "Write command output to _file_ instead of standard output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--reverse*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:49 msgid "Undump, write back edited login information into the utmp or wtmp files." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:55 msgid "*utmpdump* can be useful in cases of corrupted utmp or wtmp entries. It can dump out utmp/wtmp to an ASCII file, which can then be edited to remove bogus entries, and reintegrated using:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:58 msgid "*utmpdump -r < ascii_file > wtmp*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:61 msgid "But be warned, *utmpdump* was written for debugging purposes only." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:65 msgid "Only the binary version of the *utmp*(5) is standardised. Textual dumps may become incompatible in future." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:67 msgid "The version 2.28 was the last one that printed text output using *ctime*(3) timestamp format. Newer dumps use millisecond precision ISO-8601 timestamp format in UTC-0 timezone. Conversion from former timestamp format can be made to binary, although attempt to do so can lead the timestamps to drift amount of timezone offset." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:71 msgid "You may *not* use the *-r* option, as the format for the utmp/wtmp files strongly depends on the input format. This tool was *not* written for normal use, but for debugging only." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:75 msgid "Michael Krapp" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/utmpdump.1.adoc:82 msgid "*last*(1), *w*(1), *who*(1), *utmp*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "vipw(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:48 msgid "vipw, vigr - edit the password or group file" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:52 msgid "*vipw* [options]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:54 msgid "*vigr* [options]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:58 msgid "*vipw* edits the password file after setting the appropriate locks, and does any necessary processing after the password file is unlocked. If the password file is already locked for editing by another user, *vipw* will ask you to try again later. The default editor for *vipw* and *vigr* is *vi*(1). *vigr* edits the group file in the same manner as *vipw* does the passwd file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:66 msgid "If the following environment variable exists, it will be utilized by *vipw* and *vigr*:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:67 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:192 #, no-wrap msgid "*EDITOR*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:69 msgid "The editor specified by the string *EDITOR* will be invoked instead of the default editor *vi*(1)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:73 msgid "The *vipw* command appeared in 4.0BSD. The *vigr* command appeared in Util-Linux 2.6." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:80 msgid "*vi*(1), *passwd*(1), *flock*(2), *passwd*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../login-utils/vipw.8.adoc:83 msgid "The *vigr* and *vipw* commands are part of the util-linux package and are available from https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/[Linux Kernel Archive]" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:9 #, no-wrap msgid "lsfd(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:21 msgid "lsfd - list file descriptors" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:25 msgid "*lsfd* [option]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:33 msgid "*lsfd* is intended to be a modern replacement for *lsof*(8) on Linux systems. Unlike *lsof*, *lsfd* is specialized to Linux kernel; it supports Linux specific features like namespaces with simpler code. *lsfd* is not a drop-in replacement for *lsof*; they are different in the command line interface and output formats." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:37 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:34 msgid "The default output is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default outputs in your scripts. Always explicitly define expected columns by using *--output* _columns-list_ in environments where a stable output is required." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:41 msgid "*lsfd* uses Libsmartcols for output formatting and filtering. See the description of *--output* option for customizing the output format, and *--filter* option for filtering. Use *lsfd --list-columns* to get a list of all available columns." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--threads*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:46 msgid "List in threads level." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:49 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:61 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:87 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:35 #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:49 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:55 #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:57 ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:40 #: ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:75 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:43 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:30 msgid "Use JSON output format." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:50 ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:37 #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:109 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:92 #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:36 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:50 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:56 ../sys-utils/losetup.8.adoc:115 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:26 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:76 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:47 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:31 #: ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:36 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--noheadings*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:52 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:38 #: ../sys-utils/lsirq.1.adoc:28 msgid "Don't print headings." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:56 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:42 msgid "Specify which output columns to print. See the *OUTPUT COLUMNS* section for details of available columns." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:59 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format +_list_ (e.g., *lsfd -o +DELETED*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:62 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:48 msgid "Use raw output format." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:65 msgid "Don't truncate text in columns." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pid* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:70 msgid "Collect information only for the specified processes. The _list_ is a comma-separated list of PIDs. See also *FILTER EXAMPLES*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*[*4*|*6*], *--inet*[**=4**|**=6**]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:73 msgid "List only IPv4 sockets and/or IPv6 sockets." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:74 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Q*, *--filter* _expression_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:77 msgid "Print only the files matching the condition represented by the _expression_. See also *scols-filter*(5) and *FILTER EXAMPLES*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:82 msgid "The *-Q* option with a PID (for example: *-Q PID==1*) and the *-p* option (for example: *-p 1*) can be used to achieve the same result, but using the *-p* option is much more efficient because it works at a much earlier stage of processing than the *-Q* option." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--counter* __label__:__filter_expr__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:89 msgid "Define a custom counter used in *--summary* output. *lsfd* makes a counter named _label_. During collect information, *lsfd* counts files matching _filter_expr_, and stores the counted number to the counter named _label_. *lsfd* applies filters defined with *--filter* options before counting; files excluded by the filters are not counted." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:94 msgid "See *scols-filter*(5) about _filter_expr_. _label_ should not include *{* nor *:*. You can define multiple counters by specifying this option multiple times. See also *COUNTER EXAMPLES*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "*--summary*[**=**_mode_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:99 msgid "This option controls summary lines output. The optional argument _mode_ can be *only*, *append*, or *never*. If the _mode_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *only*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:104 msgid "The summary reports counters. A counter consists of a label and an integer value. *--counter* is the option for defining a counter. If a user defines no counter, *lsfd* uses the definitions of pre-defined built-in counters (default counters) to make the summary output." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:106 msgid "CAUTION{colon} Using *--summary* and *--json* may make the output broken. Only combining *--summary*=*only* and *--json* is valid." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "*--debug-filter*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:111 msgid "Dump the internal data structure for the filter and exit. This is useful only for *lsfd* developers." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "*--dump-counters*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:114 msgid "Dump the definition of counters used in *--summary* output." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:127 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "OUTPUT COLUMNS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:130 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:82 msgid "Each column has a type. Types are surround by < and >." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:134 msgid "CAUTION{colon} The names and types of columns are not stable yet. They may be changed in the future releases." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:135 #, no-wrap msgid "AINODECLASS <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:137 msgid "Class of anonymous inode." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:138 #, no-wrap msgid "ASSOC <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:140 msgid "Association between file and process." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "BLKDRV <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:143 msgid "Block device driver name resolved by `/proc/devices`." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:144 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-MAP.ID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:146 msgid "Bpf map ID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:147 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-MAP.TYPE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:149 msgid "Decoded name of bpf map type." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:150 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-MAP.TYPE.RAW <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:152 msgid "Bpf map type (raw)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:153 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF.NAME <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:155 msgid "Bpf object name." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:156 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-PROG.ID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:158 msgid "Bpf program ID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:159 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-PROG.TAG <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:161 msgid "Bpf program TAG." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:162 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-PROG.TYPE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:164 msgid "Decoded name of bpf program type." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:165 #, no-wrap msgid "BPF-PROG.TYPE.RAW <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:167 msgid "Bpf program type (raw)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:168 #, no-wrap msgid "CHRDRV <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:170 msgid "Character device driver name resolved by `/proc/devices`." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:171 #, no-wrap msgid "COMMAND <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:173 msgid "Command of the process opening the file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:174 #, no-wrap msgid "DELETED <``boolean``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:176 msgid "Reachability from the file system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:177 #, no-wrap msgid "DEV <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:179 msgid "ID of the device containing the file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:180 #, no-wrap msgid "DEVTYPE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:182 msgid "Device type (`blk`, `char`, or `nodev`)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:183 #, no-wrap msgid "ENDPOINTS <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:185 msgid "IPC endpoints information communicated with the fd." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:189 msgid "*lsfd* collects endpoints within the processes that *lsfd* scans; *lsfd* may miss some endpoints if you limits the processes with *-p* option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:192 msgid "The format of the column depends on the object associated with the fd:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:193 #, no-wrap msgid "FIFO type" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:194 #, no-wrap msgid "mqueue type" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:195 #, no-wrap msgid "ptmx and pts sources" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:197 msgid "_PID_,_COMMAND_,_ASSOC_[-r][-w]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:200 msgid "The last characters ([-r][-w]) represent the read and/or write mode of the endpoint." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:201 #, no-wrap msgid "eventfd type" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:203 msgid "_PID_,_COMMAND_,_ASSOC_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:204 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:370 #, no-wrap msgid "UNIX" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:206 msgid "Same as _UNIX-STREAM_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:213 msgid "In a container, *lsfd* may not fill _ENDPOINTS_ column. *lsfd* uses *sock_diag*(7) to collect information about UNIX endpoints. SELinux may limit the use *sock_diag* in a container. You can remove the limit by setting 1 to _virt_sandbox_use_netlink_ bool. See *container_selinux*(8) for more details." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:214 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:367 #, no-wrap msgid "UNIX-STREAM" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:216 msgid "_PID_,_COMMAND_,_ASSOC_[-r?][-w?]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:219 msgid "About the last characters ([-r?][-w?]), see the description of _SOCK.SHUTDOWN_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:220 #, no-wrap msgid "EVENTFD.ID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:222 msgid "Eventfd ID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:223 #, no-wrap msgid "EVENTPOLL.TFDS <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:225 msgid "File descriptors targeted by the eventpoll file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:226 #, no-wrap msgid "FD <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:228 msgid "File descriptor for the file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:229 #, no-wrap msgid "FLAGS <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:231 msgid "Flags specified when opening the file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:232 #, no-wrap msgid "FUID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:234 msgid "User ID number of the file's owner." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:235 #, no-wrap msgid "INET.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:237 msgid "Local IP address." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:238 #, no-wrap msgid "INET.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:240 msgid "Remote IP address." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:241 #, no-wrap msgid "INET6.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:243 msgid "Local IP6 address." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:244 #, no-wrap msgid "INET6.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:246 msgid "Remote IP6 address." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:247 #, no-wrap msgid "INODE <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:249 msgid "Inode number." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:250 #, no-wrap msgid "INOTIFY.INODES <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:254 msgid "Cooked version of INOTIFY.INODES.RAW. The format of the element is _inode-number_,_source-of-inode_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:255 #, no-wrap msgid "INOTIFY.INODES.RAW <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:258 msgid "List of monitoring inodes. The format of the element is _inode-number_``,``_device-major_``:``_device-minor_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:259 #, no-wrap msgid "KNAME <``string``>" msgstr "" # # # # #. It seems that the manpage backend of asciidoctor has limitations #. about emitting text with nested face specifications like: #. `_u_` p #. Not only u but also p is decorated with underline. #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:270 msgid "Raw file name extracted from from ``/proc/``_pid_``/fd/``_fd_ or ``/proc/``_pid_``/map_files/``_region_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:271 #, no-wrap msgid "KTHREAD <``boolean``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:273 msgid "Whether the process is a kernel thread or not." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:274 #, no-wrap msgid "MAJ:MIN <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:276 msgid "Device ID for special, or ID of device containing file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:277 #, no-wrap msgid "MAPLEN <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:279 msgid "Length of file mapping (in page)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:280 #, no-wrap msgid "MISCDEV <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:282 msgid "Misc character device name resolved by `/proc/misc`." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:283 #, no-wrap msgid "MNTID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:285 msgid "Mount ID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:286 #, no-wrap msgid "MODE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:288 msgid "Access mode (rwx)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:289 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "NAME <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:291 msgid "Cooked version of KNAME. It is mostly same as KNAME." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:293 msgid "Some files have special formats and information sources:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:294 #, no-wrap msgid "AF_VSOCK" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:296 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_ type=_SOCK.TYPE_ laddr=_VSOCK.LADDR_[ raddr=_VSOCK.RADDR_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:298 msgid "`raddr` is not shown for listening sockets." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:299 #, no-wrap msgid "bpf-map" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:301 msgid "id=_BPF-MAP.ID_ type=_BPF-MAP.TYPE_[ name=_BPF.NAME_]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:302 #, no-wrap msgid "bpf-prog" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:304 msgid "id=_BPF-PROG.ID_ type=_BPF-PROG.TYPE_ tag= _BPF-PROG.TAG_ [ name=_BPF.NAME_]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:305 #, no-wrap msgid "eventpoll" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:307 msgid "tfds=_EVENTPOLL.TFDS_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:308 #, no-wrap msgid "eventfd" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:310 msgid "id=_EVENTFD.ID_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:311 #, no-wrap msgid "inotify" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:313 msgid "inodes=_INOTIFY.INODES_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:314 #, no-wrap msgid "misc:tun" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:316 msgid "iface=_TUN.IFACE_[ devnetns=_TUN.DEVNETNS_][ socknetns=_SOCK.NETNS_]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:317 #, no-wrap msgid "NETLINK" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:319 msgid "protocol=_NETLINK.PROTOCOL_[ lport=_NETLINK.LPORT_[ group=_NETLINK.GROUPS_]]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:320 #, no-wrap msgid "PACKET" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:322 msgid "type=_SOCK.TYPE_[ protocol=_PACKET.PROTOCOL_][ iface=_PACKET.IFACE_]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:323 #, no-wrap msgid "pidfd" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:325 msgid "pid=_TARGET-PID_ comm=_TARGET-COMMAND_ nspid=_TARGET-NSPIDS_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:328 msgid "*lsfd* extracts _TARGET-PID_ and _TARGET-NSPIDS_ from ``/proc/``_pid_``/fdinfo/``_fd_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:329 #, no-wrap msgid "PING" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:331 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ id=_PING.ID_][ laddr=_INET.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET.RADDR_]]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:332 #, no-wrap msgid "PINGv6" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:334 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ id=_PING.ID_][ laddr=_INET6.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET6.RADDR_]]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:335 #, no-wrap msgid "ptmx" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:337 msgid "tty-index=_PTMX.TTY-INDEX_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:340 msgid "*lsfd* extracts _PTMX.TTY-INDEX_ from ``/proc/``_pid_``/fdinfo/``_fd_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:341 #, no-wrap msgid "RAW" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:343 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ protocol=_RAW.PROTOCOL_ [ laddr=_INET.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET.RADDR_]]]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:344 #, no-wrap msgid "RAWv6" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:346 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ protocol=_RAW.PROTOCOL_ [ laddr=_INET6.LADDR_ [ raddr=_INET6.RADDR_]]]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:347 #, no-wrap msgid "signalfd" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:349 msgid "mask=_SIGNALFD.MASK_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:350 #, no-wrap msgid "TCP" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:351 #, no-wrap msgid "TCPv6" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:353 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ laddr=_TCP.LADDR_ [ raddr=_TCP.RADDR_]]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:354 #, no-wrap msgid "timerfd" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:356 msgid "clockid=_TIMERFD.CLOCKID_[ remaining=_TIMERFD.REMAINING_ [ interval=_TIMERFD.INTERVAL_]]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:357 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:358 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPv6" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:360 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ laddr=_UDP.LADDR_ [ raddr=_UDP.RADDR_]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:362 msgid "*lsfd* hides ``raddr=`` if _UDP.RADDR_ is ``0.0.0.0`` and _UDP.RPORT_ is 0." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:363 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP-LITE" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:364 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPLITEv6" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:366 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ laddr=_UDPLITE.LADDR_ [ raddr=_UDPLITE.RADDR_]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:369 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ path=_UNIX.PATH_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:372 msgid "state=_SOCK.STATE_[ path=_UNIX.PATH_] type=_SOCK.TYPE_" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:376 msgid "Note that `(deleted)` markers are removed from this column. Refer to _KNAME_, _DELETED_, or _XMODE_ to know the readability of the file from the file system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:378 #, no-wrap msgid "NETLINK.GROUPS <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:380 msgid "Netlink multicast groups." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:381 #, no-wrap msgid "NETLINK.LPORT <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:383 msgid "Netlink local port id." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:384 #, no-wrap msgid "NETLINK.PROTOCOL <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:386 msgid "Netlink protocol." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:387 #, no-wrap msgid "NLINK <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:389 msgid "Link count." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:390 #, no-wrap msgid "NS.NAME <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:392 msgid "Name (_NS.TYPE_:[_INODE_]) of the namespace specified with the file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:393 #, no-wrap msgid "NS.TYPE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:397 msgid "Type of the namespace specified with the file. The type is `mnt`, `cgroup`, `uts`, `ipc`, `user`, `pid`, `net`, `time`, or `unknown`." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:398 #, no-wrap msgid "OWNER <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:400 msgid "Owner of the file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:401 #, no-wrap msgid "PACKET.IFACE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:403 msgid "Interface name associated with the packet socket." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:404 #, no-wrap msgid "PACKET.PROTOCOL <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:406 msgid "L2 protocol name associated with the packet socket (decoded)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:407 #, no-wrap msgid "PACKET.PROTOCOL.RAW <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:409 msgid "L2 protocol number associated with the packet socket (raw)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:410 #, no-wrap msgid "PARTITION <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:412 msgid "Block device name resolved by `/proc/partition`." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:413 #, no-wrap msgid "PID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:415 msgid "PID of the process opening the file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:416 #, no-wrap msgid "PIDFD.COMM <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:418 msgid "Command of the process targeted by the pidfd." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:419 #, no-wrap msgid "PIDFD.NSPID <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:421 msgid "Value of NSpid field in ``/proc/``_pid_``/fdinfo/``_fd_ of the pidfd." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:423 msgid "Quoted from kernel/fork.c of Linux source tree:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:429 msgid "If pid namespaces are supported then this function will also print the pid of a given pidfd refers to for all descendant pid namespaces starting from the current pid namespace of the instance, i.e. the Pid field and the first entry in the NSpid field will be identical." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:433 msgid "Note that this differs from the Pid and NSpid fields in /proc//status where Pid and NSpid are always shown relative to the pid namespace of the procfs instance." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:435 #, no-wrap msgid "PIDFD.PID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:437 msgid "PID of the process targeted by the pidfd." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:438 #, no-wrap msgid "PING.ID <`number`>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:440 msgid "ICMP echo request id used on the PING socket." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:441 #, no-wrap msgid "POS <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:443 msgid "File position." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:444 #, no-wrap msgid "RAW.PROTOCOL <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:446 msgid "Protocol name of the raw socket (decoded)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:448 msgid "The data type of this column was <``number``> from v2.39 to v2.41." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:449 #, no-wrap msgid "RAW.PROTOCOL.RAW <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:451 msgid "Protocol number of the raw socket (raw)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:452 #, no-wrap msgid "RDEV <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:454 msgid "Device ID (if special file)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:455 #, no-wrap msgid "SIGNALFD.MASK <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:457 msgid "Masked signals." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:458 #, no-wrap msgid "SIZE <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:460 msgid "File size." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:461 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.LISTENING <``boolean``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:463 msgid "Listening socket." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:464 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.NETS <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:466 msgid "Inode identifying network namespace where the socket belongs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:467 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.PROTONAME <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:469 msgid "Protocol name." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:470 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.SHUTDOWN <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:472 msgid "Shutdown state of socket." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:473 #, no-wrap msgid "[-r?]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:477 msgid "If the first character is _r_, the receptions are allowed. If it is _-_, the receptions are disallowed. If it is _?_, the state is unknown." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:478 #, no-wrap msgid "[-w?]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:482 msgid "If the second character is _w_, the transmissions are allowed. If it is _-_, the transmissions are disallowed. If it is _?_, the state is unknown." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:483 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.STATE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:485 msgid "State of socket." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:486 #, no-wrap msgid "SOCK.TYPE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:489 msgid "Type of socket. Here type means the second parameter of socket system call:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:491 msgid "stream" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:492 msgid "dgram" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:493 msgid "raw" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:494 msgid "rdm" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:495 msgid "seqpacket" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:496 msgid "dccp" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:497 msgid "packet" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:498 #, no-wrap msgid "SOURCE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:502 msgid "File system, partition, or device containing the file. For the association having ERROR as the value for _TYPE_ column, *lsfd* fills this column with _syscall_:_errno_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:503 #, no-wrap msgid "STTYPE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:505 msgid "Raw file types returned from *stat*(2): BLK, CHR, DIR, FIFO, LINK, REG, SOCK, or UNKN." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:506 #, no-wrap msgid "TCP.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:508 msgid "Local L3 (_INET.LADDR_ or _INET6.LADDR_) address and local TCP port." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:509 #, no-wrap msgid "TCP.LPORT <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:511 msgid "Local TCP port." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:512 #, no-wrap msgid "TCP.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:514 msgid "Remote L3 (_INET.RADDR_ or _INET6.RADDR_) address and remote TCP port." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:515 #, no-wrap msgid "TCP.RPORT <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:517 msgid "Remote TCP port." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:518 #, no-wrap msgid "TID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:520 msgid "Thread ID of the process opening the file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:521 #, no-wrap msgid "TIMERFD.CLOCKID <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:523 msgid "Clockid." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:524 #, no-wrap msgid "TIMERFD.INTERVAL <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:526 msgid "Interval." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:527 #, no-wrap msgid "TIMERFD.REMAINING <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:529 msgid "Remaining time." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:530 #, no-wrap msgid "PTMX.TTY-INDEX <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:532 msgid "TTY index of the counterpart." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:533 #, no-wrap msgid "TUN.DEVNETNS <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:535 msgid "Inode identifying network namespace where the device belongs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:536 #, no-wrap msgid "TUN.IFACE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:538 msgid "Network interface behind the tun device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:539 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "TYPE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:543 msgid "Cooked version of _STTYPE_. It is same as _STTYPE_ with exceptions. For _SOCK_, print the value for _SOCK.PROTONAME_. For _UNKN_, print the value for _AINODECLASS_ if _SOURCE_ is `anon_inodefs`." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:546 msgid "If *lsfd* gets an error when calling a syscall to know about a target file descriptor, *lsfd* fills this column for it with ERROR." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:547 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:549 msgid "Local IP address and local UDP port." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:550 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP.LPORT <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:552 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:564 msgid "Local UDP port." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:553 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:555 msgid "Remote IP address and remote UDP port." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:556 #, no-wrap msgid "UDP.RPORT <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:558 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:570 msgid "Remote UDP port." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:559 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPLITE.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:561 msgid "Local IP address and local UDPLite port." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:562 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPLITE.LPORT <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:565 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPLITE.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:567 msgid "Remote IP address and remote UDPLite port." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:568 #, no-wrap msgid "UDPLITE.RPORT <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:571 #, no-wrap msgid "UID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:573 msgid "User ID number." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:574 #, no-wrap msgid "UNIX.IPEER < number >" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:576 msgid "Inode number for the peer of the UNIX domain socket." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:579 msgid "If *lsfd* runs in a container, it may not fill _UNIX.IPEER_ column. See the description of _UNIX_ in _ENDPOINTS_ column for more details." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:580 #, no-wrap msgid "UNIX.PATH <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:582 msgid "Filesystem pathname for UNIX domain socket." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:583 #, no-wrap msgid "USER <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:585 msgid "User of the process." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:586 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.LADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:587 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.RADDR <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:590 msgid "Local VSOCK address. The format of the element is _VSOCK.LCID_``:``_VSOCK.LPORT_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:593 msgid "Well-known CIDs will be decoded: \"`{asterisk}`\", \"`hypervisor`\", \"`local`\", or \"`host`\". Well-known ports will be decoded: \"`{asterisk}`\"." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:594 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.LCID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:595 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.RCID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:597 msgid "Local and remote VSOCK context identifiers." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:598 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.LPORT <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:599 #, no-wrap msgid "VSOCK.RPORT <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:601 msgid "Local and remote VSOCK ports." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:602 #, no-wrap msgid "XMODE <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:606 msgid "Extended version of _MODE_. This column may grow; new letters may be appended to _XMODE_ when *lsfd* supports a new state of file descriptors and/or memory mappings." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:607 #, no-wrap msgid "[-r]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:609 msgid "opened of mapped for reading. This is also in _MODE_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:610 #, no-wrap msgid "[-w]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:612 msgid "opened of mapped for writing. This is also in _MODE_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:613 #, no-wrap msgid "[-x]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:615 msgid "mapped for executing the code. This is also in _MODE_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:616 #, no-wrap msgid "[-D]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:618 msgid "deleted from the file system. See also _DELETED_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:619 #, no-wrap msgid "[-Ll]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:624 msgid "locked or leased. _l_ represents a read, a shared lock or a read lease. _L_ represents a write or an exclusive lock or a write lease. If both read/shared and write/exclusive locks or leases are taken by a file descriptor, _L_ is used as the flag." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:625 #, no-wrap msgid "[-m]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:632 msgid "Multiplexed. If the file descriptor is targeted by a eventpoll file or classical system calls for multiplexing (*select*(2), *pselect*(2), *poll*(2), and *ppoll*(2)), this bit flag is set. Note that if an invocation of the classical system calls is interrupted, *lsfd* may fail to mark _m_ on the file descriptors monitored by the invocation. See *restart_syscall*(2)." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:633 #, no-wrap msgid "FILTER EXAMPLES" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:638 msgid "*lsfd* has few options for filtering. In most of cases, what you should know is *-Q* (or *--filter*) option. Combined with *-o* (or *--output*) option, you can customize the output as you want." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: In the following messages, don't forget to add whitespace at the end! #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:640 #, no-wrap msgid "List files associated with PID 1 and PID 2 processes: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:643 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) or (PID == 2)'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:645 ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:670 #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:680 #, no-wrap msgid "Do the same in an alternative way: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:648 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) || (PID == 2)'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:650 #, no-wrap msgid "Do the same in a more efficient way: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:653 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd --pid 1,2\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:655 #, no-wrap msgid "Whitespaces can be used instead of a comma: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:658 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd --pid '1 2'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:660 #, no-wrap msgid "Utilize *pidof*(1) for list the files associated with \"firefox\": " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:663 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd --pid \"$(pidof firefox)\"\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:665 #, no-wrap msgid "List the 1st file descriptor opened by PID 1 process: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:668 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) and (FD == 1)'\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:673 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(PID == 1) && (FD == 1)'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:675 #, no-wrap msgid "List all running executables: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:678 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'ASSOC == \"exe\"'\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:683 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'ASSOC eq \"exe\"'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:685 #, no-wrap msgid "Do the same but print only file names: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:688 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -o NAME -Q 'ASSOC eq \"exe\"' | sort -u\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:690 #, no-wrap msgid "List deleted files associated to processes: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:693 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'DELETED'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:695 #, no-wrap msgid "List non-regular files: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:698 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE != \"REG\"'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:700 #, no-wrap msgid "List block devices: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:703 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'DEVTYPE == \"blk\"'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:705 #, no-wrap msgid "Do the same with TYPE column: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:708 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE == \"BLK\"'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:710 #, no-wrap msgid "List files including \"dconf\" directory in their names: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:713 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'NAME =~ \".\\*/dconf/.*\"'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:715 #, no-wrap msgid "List files opened in a QEMU virtual machine: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:718 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(COMMAND =~ \".\\*qemu.*\") and (FD >= 0)'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:720 #, no-wrap msgid "List timerfd files expired within 0.5 seconds: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:723 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q '(TIMERFD.remaining < 0.5) and (TIMERFD.remaining > 0.0)'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:725 #, no-wrap msgid "List processes communicating via unix stream sockets: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:728 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE == \"UNIX-STREAM\" && UNIX.PATH =~ \".+\"' -oUNIX.PATH,PID,COMMAND,FD,SOCK.STATE,ENDPOINTS\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:730 #, no-wrap msgid "List processes communicating via a specified unix stream socket: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:733 #, no-wrap msgid "# lsfd -Q 'TYPE == \"UNIX-STREAM\" && UNIX.PATH == \"@/tmp/.X11-unix/X0\"' -oUNIX.PATH,PID,COMMAND,FD,SOCK.STATE,ENDPOINTS\n" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:735 #, no-wrap msgid "COUNTER EXAMPLES" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:737 #, no-wrap msgid "Report the numbers of netlink socket descriptors and unix socket descriptors: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:745 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# lsfd --summary=only \\\n" "\t-C 'netlink sockets':'(NAME =~ \"NETLINK:.*\")' \\\n" "\t-C 'unix sockets':'(NAME =~ \"UNIX:.*\")'\n" "VALUE COUNTER\n" " 57 netlink sockets\n" " 1552 unix sockets\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:747 #, no-wrap msgid "Do the same but print in JSON format: " msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:763 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# lsfd --summary=only --json \\\n" "\t-C 'netlink sockets':'(NAME =~ \"NETLINK:.*\")' \\\n" "\t-C 'unix sockets':'(NAME =~ \"UNIX:.*\")'\n" "{\n" " \"lsfd-summary\": [\n" " {\n" "\t \"value\": 15,\n" "\t \"counter\": \"netlink sockets\"\n" " },{\n" "\t \"value\": 798,\n" "\t \"counter\": \"unix sockets\"\n" " }\n" " ]\n" "}\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:769 msgid "The *lsfd* command is part of the util-linux package since v2.38." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:774 msgid "mailto:yamato@redhat.com[Masatake YAMATO], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../lsfd-cmd/lsfd.1.adoc:787 msgid "*bpftool*(8), *bps*(8), *lslocks*(8), *lsof*(8), *pidof*(1), *proc*(5), *scols-filter*(5), *socket*(2), *ss*(8), *stat*(2), *vsock*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "blkid(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:17 msgid "blkid - locate/print block device attributes" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:21 msgid "*blkid* *--label* _label_ | *--uuid* _uuid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:23 msgid "*blkid* [*--no-encoding* *--garbage-collect* *--list-one* *--cache-file* _file_] [*--output* _format_] [*--match-tag* _tag_] [*--match-token* _NAME=value_] [_device_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:25 msgid "*blkid* *--probe* [*--offset* _offset_] [*--output* _format_] [*--size* _size_] [*--match-tag* _tag_] [*--match-types* _list_] [*--usages* _list_] [*--no-part-details*] _device_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:27 msgid "*blkid* *--info* [*--output format*] [*--match-tag* _tag_] _device_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:31 msgid "The *blkid* program is the command-line interface to working with the *libblkid*(3) library. It can determine the type of content (e.g., filesystem or swap) that a block device holds, and also the attributes (tokens, NAME=value pairs) from the content metadata (e.g., LABEL or UUID fields)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:33 msgid "*It is recommended to use* *lsblk*(8) *command to get information about block devices, or lsblk --fs to get an overview of filesystems, or* *findmnt*(8) *to search in already mounted filesystems.*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:36 msgid "*lsblk*(8) provides more information, better control on output formatting, easy to use in scripts and it does not require root permissions to get actual information. *blkid* reads information directly from devices and for non-root users it returns cached unverified information. *blkid* is mostly designed for system services and to test *libblkid*(3) functionality." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:39 msgid "When _device_ is specified, tokens from only this device are displayed. It is possible to specify multiple _device_ arguments on the command line. If none is given, all partitions or unpartitioned devices which appear in _/proc/partitions_ are shown, if they are recognized." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:41 msgid "*blkid* has two main forms of operation: either searching for a device with a specific NAME=value pair, or displaying NAME=value pairs for one or more specified devices." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:43 msgid "For security reasons *blkid* silently ignores all devices where the probing result is ambivalent (multiple colliding filesystems are detected). The low-level probing mode (*-p*) provides more information and extra exit status in this case. It's recommended to use *wipefs*(8) to get a detailed overview and to erase obsolete stuff (magic strings) from the device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:47 msgid "The _size_ and _offset_ arguments may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes like KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\"), or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--cache-file* _cachefile_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:50 msgid "Read from _cachefile_ instead of reading from the default cache file (see the *CONFIGURATION FILE* section for more details). If you want to start with a clean cache (i.e., don't report devices previously scanned but not necessarily available at this time), specify _/dev/null_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--no-encoding*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:53 msgid "Don't encode non-printing characters. The non-printing characters are encoded by ^ and M- notation by default. Note that the *--output udev* output format uses a different encoding which cannot be disabled." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-D*, *--no-part-details*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:56 msgid "Don't print information (PART_ENTRY_* tags) from partition table in low-level probing mode." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--garbage-collect*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:59 msgid "Perform a garbage collection pass on the blkid cache to remove devices which no longer exist." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-H*, *--hint* _setting_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:64 msgid "Set probing hint. The hints are an optional way to force probing functions to check, for example, another location. The currently supported is \"session_offset=_number_\" to set session offset on multi-session UDF." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:65 ../sys-utils/readprofile.8.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--info*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:67 msgid "Display information about I/O Limits (aka I/O topology). The 'export' output format is automatically enabled. This option can be used together with the *--probe* option." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-k*, *--list-filesystems*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:70 msgid "List all known filesystems and RAIDs and exit." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list-one*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:73 msgid "Look up only one device that matches the search parameter specified with the *--match-token* option. If there are multiple devices that match the specified search parameter, then the device with the highest priority is returned, and/or the first device found at a given priority (but see below note about udev). Device types in order of decreasing priority are: Device Mapper, EVMS, LVM, MD, and finally regular block devices. If this option is not specified, *blkid* will print all of the devices that match the search parameter." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:75 msgid "This option forces *blkid* to use udev when used for LABEL or UUID tokens in *--match-token*. The goal is to provide output consistent with other utils (like *mount*(8), etc.) on systems where the same tag is used for multiple devices." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:78 msgid "Look up the device that uses this filesystem _label_; this is equal to **--list-one --output device --match-token LABEL=**__label__. This lookup method is able to reliably use /dev/disk/by-label udev symlinks (dependent on a setting in _/etc/blkid.conf_). Avoid using the symlinks directly; it is not reliable to use the symlinks without verification. The *--label* option works on systems with and without udev." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:80 msgid "Unfortunately, the original *blkid*(8) from e2fsprogs uses the *-L* option as a synonym for *-o list*. For better portability, use **-l -o device -t LABEL=**__label__ and *-o list* in your scripts rather than the *-L* option." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--match-types* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:83 msgid "Restrict the probing functions to the specified (comma-separated) _list_ of superblock types (names). The list items may be prefixed with \"no\" to specify the types which should be ignored. For example:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:85 msgid "*blkid --probe --match-types vfat,ext3,ext4 /dev/sda1*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:87 msgid "probes for vfat, ext3 and ext4 filesystems, and" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:89 msgid "*blkid --probe --match-types nominix /dev/sda1*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:91 msgid "probes for all supported formats except minix filesystems. This option is only useful together with *--probe*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--output* _format_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:94 msgid "Use the specified output format. Note that the order of variables and devices is not fixed. See also option *-s*. The _format_ parameter may be:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "*full*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:97 msgid "print all tags (the default)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*value*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:99 msgid "print the value of the tags" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*list*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:101 msgid "print the devices in a user-friendly format; this output format is unsupported for low-level probing (*--probe* or *--info*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:103 msgid "This output format is *DEPRECATED* in favour of the *lsblk*(8) command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*device*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:105 msgid "print the device name only; this output format is always enabled for the *--label* and *--uuid* options" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:105 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:196 #, no-wrap msgid "*udev*" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Please keep {underscore} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:108 msgid "print key=\"value\" pairs for easy import into the udev environment; the keys are prefixed by ID_FS_ or ID_PART_ prefixes. The value may be modified to be safe for udev environment; allowed is plain ASCII, hex-escaping and valid UTF-8, everything else (including whitespaces) is replaced with '{underscore}'. The keys with __ENC_ postfix use hex-escaping for unsafe chars." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:110 msgid "The udev output returns the ID_FS_AMBIVALENT tag if more superblocks are detected, and ID_PART_ENTRY_* tags are always returned for all partitions including empty partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:112 msgid "This output format is *DEPRECATED*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "*export*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:114 msgid "print key=value pairs for easy import into the environment; this output format is automatically enabled when I/O Limits (*--info* option) are requested." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:116 msgid "The non-printing characters are encoded by ^ and M- notation and all potentially unsafe characters are escaped." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "*json*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:118 msgid "Print the tags entries in JSON objects." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:119 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--offset* _offset_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:121 msgid "Probe at the given _offset_ (only useful with *--probe*). This option can be used together with the *--info* option." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--probe*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:124 msgid "Switch to low-level superblock probing mode (bypassing the cache)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:126 msgid "Note that low-level probing also returns information about partition table type (PTTYPE tag) and partitions (PART_ENTRY_* tags). The tag names produced by low-level probing are based on names used internally by libblkid and it may be different than when executed without *--probe* (for example PART_ENTRY_UUID= vs PARTUUID=). See also *--no-part-details*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--match-tag* _tag_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:129 msgid "For each (specified) device, show only the tags that match _tag_. It is possible to specify multiple *--match-tag* options. If no tag is specified, then all tokens are shown for all (specified) devices. In order to just refresh the cache without showing any tokens, use *--match-tag none* with no other options." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:130 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:160 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--size* _size_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:132 msgid "Override the size of device/file (only useful with *--probe*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:133 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--match-token* _NAME=value_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:135 msgid "Search for block devices with tokens named _NAME_ that have the value _value_, and display any devices which are found. Common values for _NAME_ include *TYPE*, *LABEL*, and *UUID*. If there are no devices specified on the command line, all block devices will be searched; otherwise only the specified devices are searched." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:136 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--usages* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:138 msgid "Restrict the probing functions to the specified (comma-separated) _list_ of \"usage\" types. Supported usage types are: filesystem, raid, crypto and other. The list items may be prefixed with \"no\" to specify the usage types which should be ignored. For example:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:140 msgid "*blkid --probe --usages filesystem,other /dev/sda1*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:142 msgid "probes for all filesystem and other (e.g., swap) formats, and" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:144 msgid "*blkid --probe --usages noraid /dev/sda1*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:146 msgid "probes for all supported formats except RAIDs. This option is only useful together with *--probe*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:147 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:486 #, no-wrap msgid "*-U*, *--uuid* _uuid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:149 msgid "Look up the device that uses this filesystem _uuid_. For more details see the *--label* option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:155 msgid "If the specified device or device addressed by specified token (option *--match-token*) was found and it's possible to gather any information about the device, an exit status 0 is returned. Note the option *--match-tag* filters output tags, but it does not affect exit status." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:157 msgid "If the specified token was not found, or no (specified) devices could be identified, or it is impossible to gather any information about the device identifiers or device content an exit status of 2 is returned." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:159 msgid "For usage or other errors, an exit status of 4 is returned." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:161 msgid "If an ambivalent probing result was detected by low-level probing mode (*-p*), an exit status of 8 is returned." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:165 msgid "The standard location of the _/etc/blkid.conf_ config file can be overridden by the environment variable *BLKID_CONF*. The following options control the libblkid library:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:166 #, no-wrap msgid "_SEND_UEVENT=_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:168 msgid "Sends uevent when _/dev/disk/by-{label,uuid,partuuid,partlabel}/_ symlink does not match with LABEL, UUID, PARTUUID or PARTLABEL on the device. Default is \"yes\"." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:169 #, no-wrap msgid "_CACHE_FILE=_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:171 msgid "Overrides the standard location of the cache file. This setting can be overridden by the environment variable *BLKID_FILE*. Default is _/run/blkid/blkid.tab_, or _/etc/blkid.tab_ on systems without a _/run_ directory." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:172 #, no-wrap msgid "_EVALUATE=_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:174 msgid "Defines LABEL and UUID evaluation method(s). Currently, the libblkid library supports the \"udev\" and \"scan\" methods. More than one method may be specified in a comma-separated list. Default is \"udev,scan\". The \"udev\" method uses udev _/dev/disk/by-*_ symlinks and the \"scan\" method scans all block devices from the _/proc/partitions_ file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:178 msgid "Setting _LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all_ enables debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:182 msgid "*blkid* was written by Andreas Dilger for libblkid and improved by Theodore Ts'o and Karel Zak." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/blkid.8.adoc:189 msgid "*libblkid*(3), *findfs*(8), *lsblk*(8), *wipefs*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "cal(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:52 msgid "cal - display a calendar" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:56 msgid "*cal* [options] [[[_day_] _month_] _year_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:58 msgid "*cal* [options] [_timestamp_|_monthname_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:62 msgid "*cal* displays a simple calendar. If no arguments are specified, the current month is displayed." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:64 msgid "The _month_ may be specified as a number (1-12), as a month name or as an abbreviated month name according to the current locales." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:66 msgid "Two different calendar systems are used, Gregorian and Julian. These are nearly identical systems with Gregorian making a small adjustment to the frequency of leap years; this facilitates improved synchronization with solar events like the equinoxes. The Gregorian calendar reform was introduced in 1582, but its adoption continued up to 1923. By default *cal* uses the adoption date of 3 Sept 1752. From that date forward the Gregorian calendar is displayed; previous dates use the Julian calendar system. 11 days were removed at the time of adoption to bring the calendar in sync with solar events. So Sept 1752 has a mix of Julian and Gregorian dates by which the 2nd is followed by the 14th (the 3rd through the 13th are absent)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:68 msgid "Optionally, either the proleptic Gregorian calendar or the Julian calendar may be used exclusively. See *--reform* below." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-1*, *--one*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:73 msgid "Display single month output. (This is the default.)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-3*, *--three*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:76 msgid "Display three months spanning the date." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n , --months* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:79 msgid "Display _number_ of months, starting from the month containing the date." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S, --span*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:82 msgid "Display months spanning the date." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--sunday*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:85 msgid "Display Sunday as the first day of the week." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--monday*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:88 msgid "Display Monday as the first day of the week." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:89 ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--vertical*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:91 msgid "Display using a vertical layout (aka *ncal*(1) mode)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*--iso*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:94 msgid "Display the proleptic Gregorian calendar exclusively. This option does not affect week numbers and the first day of the week. See *--reform* below." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "*-j*, *--julian*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:97 msgid "Use day-of-year numbering for all calendars. These are also called ordinal days. Ordinal days range from 1 to 366. This option does not switch from the Gregorian to the Julian calendar system, that is controlled by the *--reform* option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:99 msgid "Sometimes Gregorian calendars using ordinal dates are referred to as Julian calendars. This can be confusing due to the many date related conventions that use Julian in their name: (ordinal) julian date, julian (calendar) date, (astronomical) julian date, (modified) julian date, and more. This option is named julian, because ordinal days are identified as julian by the POSIX standard. However, be aware that *cal* also uses the Julian calendar system. See *DESCRIPTION* above." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:100 #, no-wrap msgid "*--reform* _val_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:102 msgid "This option sets the adoption date of the Gregorian calendar reform. Calendar dates previous to reform use the Julian calendar system. Calendar dates after reform use the Gregorian calendar system. The argument _val_ can be:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:104 msgid "_1752_ - sets 3 September 1752 as the reform date (default). This is when the Gregorian calendar reform was adopted by the British Empire." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:105 msgid "_gregorian_ - display Gregorian calendars exclusively. This special placeholder sets the reform date below the smallest year that *cal* can use; meaning all calendar output uses the Gregorian calendar system. This is called the proleptic Gregorian calendar, because dates prior to the calendar system's creation use extrapolated values." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:106 msgid "_iso_ - alias of _gregorian_. The ISO 8601 standard for the representation of dates and times in information interchange requires using the proleptic Gregorian calendar." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:107 msgid "_julian_ - display Julian calendars exclusively. This special placeholder sets the reform date above the largest year that *cal* can use; meaning all calendar output uses the Julian calendar system." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:110 msgid "See *DESCRIPTION* above." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:111 #, no-wrap msgid "*-y*, *--year*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:113 msgid "Display a calendar for the whole year." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:114 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Y, --twelve*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:116 msgid "Display a calendar for the next twelve months." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:117 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--week*[**=**_number_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:122 msgid "Display week numbers in the calendar according to the US or ISO-8601 format. If a _number_ is specified, the requested week in the desired or current year will be printed and its number highlighted. The _number_ may be ignored if _month_ is also specified." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:125 msgid "If the _number_ is specified but the current day is unspecified on the command line, then the current day is not highlighted." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:127 msgid "See the *NOTES* section for more details." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:128 ../text-utils/column.1.adoc:223 #, no-wrap msgid "*--color*[**=**_when_]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c, --columns*=_columns_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:133 msgid "Number of columns to use. *auto* uses as many as fit the terminal." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:138 #, no-wrap msgid "*Single digits-only parameter (e.g., 'cal 2020')*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:140 msgid "Specifies the _year_ to be displayed; note the year must be fully specified: *cal 89* will not display a calendar for 1989." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "*Single string parameter (e.g., 'cal tomorrow' or 'cal August')*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:143 msgid "Specifies _timestamp_ or a _month name_ (or abbreviated name) according to the current locales." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:145 msgid "The special placeholders are accepted when parsing timestamp, \"now\" may be used to refer to the current time, \"today\", \"yesterday\", \"tomorrow\" refer to of the current day, the day before or the next day, respectively." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Please keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:147 msgid "The relative date specifications are also accepted, in this case \"{plus}\" is evaluated to the current time plus the specified time span. Correspondingly, a time span that is prefixed with \"-\" is evaluated to the current time minus the specified time span, for example '{plus}2days'. Instead of prefixing the time span with \"{plus}\" or \"-\", it may also be suffixed with a space and the word \"left\" or \"ago\" (for example '1 week ago')." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "*Two parameters (e.g., 'cal 11 2020')*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:151 msgid "Denote the _month_ (1 - 12) and _year_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:152 #, no-wrap msgid "*Three parameters (e.g., 'cal 25 11 2020')*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:154 msgid "Denote the _day_ (1-31), _month and year_, and the day will be highlighted if the calendar is displayed on a terminal. If no parameters are specified, the current month's calendar is displayed." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:158 msgid "A year starts on January 1. The first day of the week is determined by the locale or the *--sunday* and *--monday* options." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:160 msgid "The week numbering depends on the choice of the first day of the week. If it is Sunday then the customary North American numbering is used, where 1 January is in week number 1. If it is Monday (*-m*) then the ISO 8601 standard week numbering is used, where the first Thursday is in week number 1." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:163 msgid "The logical color names supported by *cal* are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:164 #, no-wrap msgid "*today*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:166 msgid "The current day." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:167 #, no-wrap msgid "*weeknumber*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:169 msgid "The week number requested by the --week= command line option." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "*weeks*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:172 msgid "The number of the week." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:175 msgid "The header of a month." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:176 #, no-wrap msgid "*workday*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:178 msgid "Days that fall within the work-week." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:179 #, no-wrap msgid "*weekend*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:181 msgid "Days that fall outside the work-week." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:183 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:288 msgid "For example:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:185 msgid "echo -e 'weekend 35\\ntoday 1;41\\nheader yellow' > $HOME/.config/terminal-colors.d/cal.scheme" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:190 msgid "A *cal* command appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:194 msgid "The default *cal* output uses 3 September 1752 as the Gregorian calendar reform date. The historical reform dates for the other locales, including its introduction in October 1582, are not implemented." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:196 msgid "Alternative calendars, such as the Umm al-Qura, the Solar Hijri, the Ge'ez, or the lunisolar Hindu, are not supported." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/cal.1.adoc:200 msgid "*terminal-colors.d*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:12 msgid "copyfilerange - copy range(s) from source to destination file" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:16 msgid "*copyfilerange* [options] _source_ _destination_ _range_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:21 msgid "The *copyfilerange* command copies byte ranges from source to destination file. It is a wrapper around the *copy_file_range*(2) system call." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:24 msgid "The command can be used to create files with unallocated gaps (sparse files) and/or with shared blocks between multiple files (reflinks)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:28 msgid "Each _range_ is of the form _source_offset_**:**_destination_offset_**:**_length_, with all values in bytes. If _length_ is 0, then as much data as is available is copied. Multiple ranges may be supplied." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:31 msgid "When one or both of the offsets are omitted, the operation uses the last-used file location, starting with 0." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--ranges* _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:36 msgid "Read range(s) separated by newlines from this _file_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:39 msgid "Verbose output of the copied ranges." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:48 ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:36 #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:52 ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:74 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:52 msgid "unspecified failure" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:52 msgid "The *copy_file_range*(2) system call has some serious caveats: the source and destination files must use the same filesystem type, and some virtual filesystems (like procfs) won't work. *copy_file_range*(2) will use reflinks when the filesystem supports this. To use reflinks, the file range most often needs to align with the filesystem block size on both the source and destination file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:56 msgid "mailto:dick@mrns.nl[Dick Marinus]" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file reflink ::\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file first-block ::4096\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file even-blocks -r <(seq 0 8192 40960|awk '{print $1\"::4096\"}')\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file sparse-file 0:1M:1\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file split-first-mb ::1M\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange original-file split-remainder 1M::\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange split-first-mb join ::\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "copyfilerange split-remainder join 1M::\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/copyfilerange.1.adoc:80 msgid "*copy_file_range*(2)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "enosys(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:12 msgid "enosys - utility to make syscalls fail with ENOSYS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:16 msgid "*enosys* [*--syscall*|*-s* _syscall_] command" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:21 msgid "*enosys* is a simple command to execute a child process for which certain syscalls fail with errno ENOSYS." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:24 msgid "It can be used to test the behavior of applications in the face of missing syscalls as would happen when running on old kernels." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--syscall*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:30 msgid "Syscall to block with *ENOSYS*. Can be specified multiple times. An alternative error number or name can be specified with a colon." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--ioctl*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:34 msgid "Ioctl to block with *ENOTTY*. Can be specified multiple times. An alternative error number or name can be specified with a colon." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:37 msgid "List syscalls known to *enosys*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--list-ioctl*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:40 msgid "List ioctls known to *enosys*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dump*[**=**_file_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:43 msgid "Dump seccomp bytecode filter to standard output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:45 msgid "The dump can for example be used by *setpriv --seccomp-filter*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail syscall \"fallocate\" with ENOSYS\n" " enosys -s fallocate ...\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail syscall \"fallocate\" with ENOMEM\n" " enosys -s fallocate:ENOMEM ...\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail syscall \"fallocate\" with value 12/ENOMEM\n" " enosys -s fallocate:12 ...\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail ioctl FIOCLEX with ENOTTY\n" " enosys -i FIOCLEX ...\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail ioctl FIOCLEX with ENOMEM\n" " enosys -i FIOCLEX:ENOMEM ...\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # fail ioctl FIOCLEX with value 12/ENOMEM\n" " enosys -i FIOCLEX:12 ...\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:72 msgid "*enosys* exits with the status code of the executed process. The following values have special meanings:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:75 msgid "internal error" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:78 msgid "system does not provide the necessary functionality" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:82 ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:117 #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:60 msgid "mailto:thomas@t-8ch.de[Thomas Weißschuh]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/enosys.1.adoc:86 msgid "*syscall*(2)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "exch(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:12 msgid "exch - atomically exchanges paths between two files" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:16 msgid "*exch* _oldpath_ _newpath_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:22 msgid "*exch* atomically exchanges oldpath and newpath. *exch* is a simple command wrapping *RENAME_EXCHANGE* of *renameat2* system call." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:31 msgid "*exch* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:40 ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:56 #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:74 msgid "mailto:yamato@redhat.com[Masatake YAMATO]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/exch.1.adoc:44 msgid "*renameat2*(2)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "fadvise(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:12 msgid "fadvise - utility to use the *posix_fadvise*(2) system call" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:16 msgid "*fadvise* [*-a* _advice_] [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] _filename_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:18 msgid "*fadvise* [*-a* _advice_] [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] -d _file-descriptor_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:23 msgid "*fadvise* is a simple command wrapping *posix_fadvise*(2) system call that is for predeclaring an access pattern for file data." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:26 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--fd* _file-descriptor_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:29 msgid "Apply the advice to the file specified with the file descriptor instead of open a file specified with a file name." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:30 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--advice* _advice_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:33 msgid "See the command output with *--help* option for available values for advice. If this option is omitted, \"dontneed\" is used as default advice." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:37 msgid "Specifies the beginning offset of the range, in bytes. If this option is omitted, 0 is used as default advice." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:38 ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:39 #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--length* _length_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:41 msgid "Specifies the length of the range, in bytes. If this option is omitted, 0 is used as default advice." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:47 msgid "*fadvise* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fadvise.1.adoc:60 msgid "*posix_fadvise*(2)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:9 #, no-wrap msgid "fincore(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:21 msgid "fincore - count pages of file contents in core" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:25 msgid "*fincore* [options] _file_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:32 msgid "*fincore* counts pages of file contents being resident in memory (in core), and reports the numbers. If an error occurs during counting, then an error message is printed to the stderr and *fincore* continues processing the rest of files listed in a command line. *fincore* uses the *cachestat*(2) syscall to count resident pages. If the *cachestat*(2) syscall is not available and *cachestat* usage is not forced with the *--cachestat* option, then *fincore* uses the *mincore*(2) syscall as a fallback. The *cachestat*(2) syscall is more efficient than *mincore* because it does not require a page table lock to walks page tables, and also reports more information than *mincore*, like the number of cached pages, dirty pages, pages marked for writeback, evicted pages, and recently evicted pages. Another difference between the two syscalls is that if write permissions are not granted to the file, then *cachestat*(2) returns an error, while *mincore*(2) for security reasons, returns fake data as if all pages were resident in memory (c.f.r. link:https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=134fca9063ad4851de767d1768180e5dede9a881[kernel commit \"make mincore() more conservative\"])." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:39 ../sys-utils/zramctl.8.adoc:56 msgid "Do not print a header line in status output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--total*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:45 msgid "produce a grand total." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--cachestat*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:48 msgid "force usage of the *cachestat*(2) syscall instead of *mincore*(2), and fail if it's not available." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:51 msgid "Define output columns. See the *--help* output to get a list of the currently supported columns. The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _{plus}list_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:58 ../sys-utils/lsmem.1.adoc:90 msgid "Produce output in raw format. All potentially unsafe characters are hex-escaped (\\x)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:62 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*-R*, *--recursive*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:64 msgid "Recursively check all files in directories." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/fincore.1.adoc:81 msgid "*mincore*(2), *getpagesize*(2), *getconf*(1p) *cachestat*(2)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "findfs(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:16 msgid "findfs - find a filesystem by label or UUID" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:20 msgid "*findfs* _TAGNAME_**=**_value_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:25 msgid "*findfs* will search the block devices in the system for a filesystem or partition with the specified tag. The currently supported tags are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "**LABEL=**_label_" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:29 msgid "Specifies a filesystem label." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:30 #, no-wrap msgid "**UUID=**_uuid_" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:32 msgid "Specifies a filesystem UUID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "**PARTUUID=**_uuid_" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:35 msgid "Specifies a partition UUID. Partition identifiers are supported for example for GUID Partition Table (GPT) partition tables." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "**PARTLABEL=**_label_" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:38 msgid "Specifies a partition label (name). Partition labels are supported for example for GPT and MAC partition tables." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:43 msgid "If the filesystem or partition is found, the device name will be printed on stdout. If the input is not in the format of _TAGNAME_**=**_value_, then the input will be copied to the output without any modification." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:46 msgid "You can get a complete overview about the filesystems and partitions in the system with one of the following commands:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:49 msgid "*lsblk --fs*" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:51 msgid "*partx --show* _disk_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:53 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:198 #, no-wrap msgid "*blkid*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:65 msgid "label or UUID cannot be found" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:67 msgid "usage error, wrong number of arguments or unknown option" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:76 msgid "*findfs* was originally written by mailto:tytso@mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o] and re-written for the util-linux package by mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findfs.8.adoc:82 msgid "*blkid*(8), *lsblk*(8), *partx*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "findmnt(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:14 msgid "findmnt - find a filesystem" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:18 msgid "*findmnt* [options]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:20 msgid "*findmnt* [options] _device_|_mountpoint_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:22 msgid "*findmnt* [options] [*--source*] _device_ [*--target* _path_|*--mountpoint* _mountpoint_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:26 msgid "*findmnt* will list all mounted filesystems or search for a filesystem. The *findmnt* command is able to search in _/etc/fstab_, _/etc/mtab_ or _/proc/self/mountinfo_. If _device_ or _mountpoint_ is not given, all filesystems are shown." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:28 msgid "The device may be specified by device name, major:minor numbers, filesystem label or UUID, or partition label or UUID. Note that *findmnt* follows *mount*(8) behavior where a device name may be interpreted as a mountpoint (and vice versa) if the *--target*, *--mountpoint* or *--source* options are not specified." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:30 msgid "The command-line option *--target* accepts any file or directory and then *findmnt* displays the filesystem for the given path." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:32 msgid "The command prints all mounted filesystems in the tree-like format by default. The default output, is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default output in your scripts. Always explicitly define expected columns by using *--output columns-list* in environments where a stable output is required." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:34 msgid "The relationship between block devices and filesystems is not always one-to-one. The filesystem may use more block devices. This is why *findmnt* provides SOURCE and SOURCES (pl.) columns. The column SOURCES displays all devices where it is possible to find the same filesystem UUID (or another tag specified in _fstab_ when executed with *--fstab* and *--evaluate*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-A*, *--all*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:39 msgid "Disable all built-in filters and print all filesystems." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--ascii*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:42 msgid "Use ascii characters for tree formatting." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--nocanonicalize*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:48 msgid "Do not canonicalize paths at all. This option affects the comparing of paths and the evaluation of tags (LABEL, UUID, etc.)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--canonicalize*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:51 msgid "Canonicalize all printed paths." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-D*, *--df*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:54 msgid "Imitate the output of *df*(1). This option is equivalent to *-o SOURCE,FSTYPE,SIZE,USED,AVAIL,USE%,TARGET* but excludes all pseudo filesystems. Use *--all* to print all filesystems. See also *-I*, *--dfi* options." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--direction* _word_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:57 msgid "The search direction, either *forward* or *backward*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--evaluate*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:60 msgid "Convert all tags (LABEL, UUID, PARTUUID, or PARTLABEL) to the corresponding device names for the SOURCE column. It's an unusual situation, but the same tag may be duplicated (used for more devices). For this purpose, there is SOURCES (pl.) column. This column displays by multi-line cell all devices where the tag is detected by libblkid. This option makes sense for _fstab_ only." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--tab-file* _path_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:63 msgid "Search in an alternative file. If used with *--fstab*, *--mtab* or *--kernel*, then it overrides the default paths. If specified more than once, then tree-like output is disabled (see the *--list* option)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--first-only*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:66 msgid "Print the first matching filesystem only." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*-I*, *--dfi*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:75 msgid "Imitate the output of *df*(1) with its *-i* option. This option is equivalent to *-o SOURCE,FSTYPE,INO.TOTAL,INO.USED,INO.AVAIL,INO.USE%,TARGET* but excludes all pseudo filesystems. Use *--all* to print all filesystems." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--invert*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:78 msgid "Invert the sense of matching." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*--id* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:81 msgid "Select a filesystem using the mount node ID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*--uniq-id* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:84 msgid "Select a filesystem using the mount node 64-bit ID, use with *--kernel=listmount* option." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-k*, *--kernel*[**=**_method_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:90 msgid "Reads information about filesystems from the kernel. This is the default output. The format is tree-like and only includes mount options managed by the kernel (see also *--mtab*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:92 msgid "The optional argument _method_ is supported only for the long variant (*--kernel*). The short variant (*-k*) defaults to the *mountinfo* method for backward compatibility. The supported methods can be either:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:94 msgid "*mountinfo* - this is the default method and it reads data from the _/proc/self/mountinfo_ file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:96 msgid "*listmount* - This is an EXPERIMENTAL method that uses the *listmount*(2) and *statmount*(2) syscalls to generate the mount table. The output may not contain all details about mount nodes (for example, SOURCE is currently missing)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:99 msgid "Use the list output format. This output format is automatically enabled if the output is restricted by the *-t*, *-O*, *-S* or *-T* option and the option *--submounts* is not used or if more that one source file (the option *-F*) is specified." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:100 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M*, *--mountpoint* _path_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:102 msgid "Explicitly define the mountpoint file or directory. See also *--target*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--mtab*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:105 msgid "Search in _/etc/mtab_. The output is in the list format by default (see *--tree*). The output may include user space mount options." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N*, *--task* _tid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:108 msgid "Use alternative namespace _/proc//mountinfo_ rather than the default _/proc/self/mountinfo_. If the option is specified more than once, then tree-like output is disabled (see the *--list* option). See also the *unshare*(1) command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--options* _list_" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:114 msgid "Limit the set of printed filesystems. More than one option may be specified in a comma-separated list. The *-t* and *-O* options are cumulative in effect. It is different from *-t* in that each option is matched exactly; a leading _no_ at the beginning does not have global meaning. The \"no\" can used for individual items in the list. The \"no\" prefix interpretation can be disabled by \"{plus}\" prefix." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:118 msgid "Define output columns. See the *--help* output to get a list of the currently supported columns. The *TARGET* column contains tree formatting if the *--list* or *--raw* options are not specified." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:120 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _{plus}list_ (e.g., *findmnt -o {plus}PROPAGATION*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:124 msgid "Output almost all available columns. The columns that require *--poll* are not included." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:127 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:64 msgid "Produce output in the form of key=\"value\" pairs. All potentially unsafe value characters are hex-escaped (\\x). See also option *--shell*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:129 msgid "Note that SOURCES column, use multi-line cells. In these cases, the column use an array-like formatting in the output, for example *name=(\"aaa\" \"bbb\" \"ccc\")*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:130 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--poll*[**=**_list_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:132 msgid "Monitor changes in the _/proc/self/mountinfo_ file. Supported actions are: mount, umount, remount and move. More than one action may be specified in a comma-separated list. All actions are monitored by default." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:134 msgid "The time for which *--poll* will block can be restricted with the *--timeout* or *--first-only* options." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:136 msgid "The standard columns always use the new version of the information from the mountinfo file, except the umount action which is based on the original information cached by *findmnt*. The poll mode allows using extra columns:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "*ACTION*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:139 msgid "mount, umount, move or remount action name; this column is enabled by default" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:139 #, no-wrap msgid "*OLD-TARGET*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:141 msgid "available for umount and move actions" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "*OLD-OPTIONS*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:143 msgid "available for umount and remount actions" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:144 #, no-wrap msgid "*--pseudo*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:146 msgid "Print only pseudo filesystems." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:147 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:65 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Q*, *--filter* _expr_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:149 msgid "Print only the filesystems that meet the conditions specified by the expr." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:152 msgid "This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also *scols-filter*(5). For example, include xfs having more than 50% free space:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:154 #, no-wrap msgid " findmnt -Q 'INO.USED < INO.AVAIL && FSTYPE == \"xfs\"'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:156 #, no-wrap msgid "*-R*, *--submounts*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:158 msgid "Print recursively all submounts for the selected filesystems. The restrictions defined by options *-t*, *-O*, *-S*, *-T* and *--direction* are not applied to submounts. All submounts are always printed in tree-like order. The option enables the tree-like output format by default. This option has no effect for *--mtab* or *--fstab*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:161 msgid "Use raw output format. All potentially unsafe characters are hex-escaped (\\x)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:163 msgid "Note that column SOURCES, use multi-line cells. In these cases, the column may produce more strings on the same line." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:164 #, no-wrap msgid "*--real*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:166 msgid "Print only real filesystems." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:167 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--source* _spec_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:169 msgid "Explicitly define the mount source. Supported specifications are _device_, __maj__**:**_min_, **LABEL=**__label__, **UUID=**__uuid__, **PARTLABEL=**__label__ and **PARTUUID=**__uuid__." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:170 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--fstab*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:172 msgid "Search in _/etc/fstab_. The output is in the list format (see *--list*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:173 #, no-wrap msgid "*--shadowed*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:175 msgid "Print only filesystems that are over-mounted by another filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:176 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--target* _path_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:178 msgid "Define the mount target. If _path_ is not a mountpoint file or directory, then *findmnt* checks the _path_ elements in reverse order to get the mountpoint (this feature is supported only when searching in kernel files and unsupported for *--fstab*). It's recommended to use the option *--mountpoint* when checks of _path_ elements are unwanted and _path_ is a strictly specified mountpoint." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:179 ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:86 #: ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--types* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:181 msgid "Limit the set of printed filesystems. More than one type may be specified in a comma-separated list. The list of filesystem types can be prefixed with *no* to specify the filesystem types on which no action should be taken. For more details see *mount*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:182 #, no-wrap msgid "*--tree*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:184 msgid "Enable tree-like output if possible. The options is silently ignored for tables where is missing child-parent relation (e.g., _fstab_)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:185 #, no-wrap msgid "*-U*, *--uniq*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:187 msgid "Ignore filesystems with duplicate mount targets, thus effectively skipping over-mounted mount points." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:188 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:78 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--notruncate*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:190 msgid "Do not truncate text in columns. The default is to not truncate the *TARGET*, *SOURCE*, *UUID*, *LABEL*, *PARTUUID*, *PARTLABEL* columns. This option disables text truncation also in all other columns." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:191 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--nofsroot*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:193 msgid "Do not print a [/dir] in the SOURCE column for bind mounts or btrfs subvolumes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:196 msgid "Force *findmnt* to print more information (*--verify* only for now)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:197 #, no-wrap msgid "*--vfs-all*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:199 msgid "When used with *VFS-OPTIONS* column, print all VFS (fs-independent) flags. This option is designed for auditing purposes to list also default VFS kernel mount options which are normally not listed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:200 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--timeout* _milliseconds_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:202 msgid "Specify an upper limit on the time for which *--poll* will block, in milliseconds." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:203 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--verify*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:205 msgid "Check mount table content. The default is to verify _/etc/fstab_ parsability and usability. It's possible to use this option also with *--tab-file*. It's possible to specify source (device) or target (mountpoint) to filter mount table. The option *--verbose* forces *findmnt* to print more details." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:208 msgid "The column name will be modified to contain only characters allowed for shell variable identifiers. This is usable, for example, with *--pairs*. Note that this feature has been automatically enabled for *--pairs* in version 2.37, but due to compatibility issues, now it's necessary to request this behavior by *--shell*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:216 msgid "The exit value is 0 if there is something to display, or 1 on any error (for example if no filesystem is found based on the user's filter specification, or the device path or mountpoint does not exist)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:219 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1756 #: ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:190 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBMOUNT_FSTAB*=" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:221 msgid "overrides the default location of the _fstab_ file" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:222 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBMOUNT_MTAB*=" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:224 msgid "overrides the default location of the _mtab_ file" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:225 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:229 #: ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1759 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:57 #: ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:174 ../sys-utils/umount.8.adoc:193 #, no-wrap msgid "*LIBMOUNT_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:227 ../sys-utils/mount.8.adoc:1761 msgid "enables libmount debug output" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:232 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --fstab -t nfs*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:234 msgid "Prints all NFS filesystems defined in _/etc/fstab_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:235 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --fstab /mnt/foo*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:237 msgid "Prints all _/etc/fstab_ filesystems where the mountpoint directory is _/mnt/foo_. It also prints bind mounts where _/mnt/foo_ is a source." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:238 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --fstab --target /mnt/foo*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:240 msgid "Prints all _/etc/fstab_ filesystems where the mountpoint directory is _/mnt/foo_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:241 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --fstab --evaluate*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:243 msgid "Prints all _/etc/fstab_ filesystems and converts LABEL= and UUID= tags to the real device names." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:244 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt -n --raw --evaluate --output=target LABEL=/boot*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:246 msgid "Prints only the mountpoint where the filesystem with label \"/boot\" is mounted." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:247 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --poll --mountpoint /mnt/foo*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:249 msgid "Monitors mount, unmount, remount and move on _/mnt/foo_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:250 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --poll=umount --first-only --mountpoint /mnt/foo*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:252 msgid "Waits for _/mnt/foo_ unmount." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:253 #, no-wrap msgid "*findmnt --poll=remount -t ext3 -O ro*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:255 msgid "Monitors remounts to read-only mode on all ext3 filesystems." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/findmnt.8.adoc:265 msgid "*fstab*(5), *mount*(8) *scols-filter*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "getino(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:12 msgid "getino - print the unique inode number associated to a process file descriptor or namespace for a given PID" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:16 msgid "*getino* [*--pidfs*|*--cgroupns*|*--ipcns*|*--netns*|*--mntns*|*--pidns*|*--timens*|*--userns*|*--utsns*] [*--print-pid*|*-p*] _PID_[:inode]..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:18 msgid "*getino* [*--print-pid*|*-p*] _PID_[:inode]..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:20 msgid "*getino* _PID_[:inode]..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:25 msgid "*getino* is a simple command that prints the inode numbers associated with the process file descriptor (pidfd) or namespace for all PIDs passed to it as arguments." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:28 msgid "The kernel guarantees that the inode number associated with a process's file descriptor is exempt from reuse during the current boot cycle; therefore, a process can be uniquely identified by its PID and the inode number, conveniently so with the format '_PID:inode_'. As an example, this enables race-free signalling of processes with *kill*(1), which accepts the aforementioned _PID_ format." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:30 msgid "Inode numbers associated with a namespace for a given process are essentially namespace IDs, identical to the inode number reported by /proc/pid/ns/_nstype_, see *namespaces*(7) for more details." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--print-pid*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:36 msgid "Print both the PID and pidfd/namespace inode separated by a colon ':', in respective order. This format convention can be used to address processes in a race-free manner, e.g. for signalling with the *kill*(1) command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*--pidfs*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:39 msgid "Print the unique inode number for a process's pidfs file descriptor." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*--cgroupns*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:42 msgid "Print the unique cgroup namespace inode number. See *cgroup_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*--ipcns*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:45 msgid "Print the unique ipc namespace inode number. See *ipc_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*--netns*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:48 msgid "Print the unique network namespace inode number. See *network_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*--mntns*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:51 msgid "Print the unique mount namespace inode number. See *mount_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*--pidns*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:54 msgid "Print the unique pid namespace inode number. See *pid_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*--timens*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:57 msgid "Print the unique time namespace inode number. See *time_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*--userns*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:60 msgid "Print the unique user namespace inode number. See *user_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*--utsns*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:63 msgid "Print the unique uts namespace inode number. See *uts_namespaces*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:69 msgid "*getino* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:78 msgid "*getino* requires support for the pidfs pseudo-filesystem (introduced in Linux version 6.9), to retrieve a valid inode for a process file descriptor." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:82 msgid "mailto:cgoesc2@wgu.edu[Christian Goeschel Ndjomouo]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getino.1.adoc:86 msgid "*kill*(1) *pidfd_open(2)* *namespaces(7)*" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "getopt(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:13 msgid "getopt - parse command options (enhanced)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:17 msgid "*getopt* _optstring_ _parameters_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:19 msgid "*getopt* [options] [*--*] _optstring_ _parameters_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:21 msgid "*getopt* [options] *-o*|*--options* _optstring_ [options] [*--*] _parameters_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:25 msgid "*getopt* is used to break up (_parse_) options in command lines for easy parsing by shell procedures, and to check for valid options. It uses the GNU *getopt*(3) routines to do this." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:27 msgid "The parameters *getopt* is called with can be divided into two parts: options which modify the way *getopt* will do the parsing (the _options_ and the _optstring_ in the *SYNOPSIS*), and the parameters which are to be parsed (_parameters_ in the *SYNOPSIS*). The second part will start at the first non-option parameter that is not an option argument, or after the first occurrence of '*--*'. If no '*-o*' or '*--options*' option is found in the first part, the first parameter of the second part is used as the short options string." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:29 msgid "If the environment variable *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE* is set, or if the first _parameter_ is not an option (does not start with a '*-*', the first format in the *SYNOPSIS*), *getopt* will generate output that is compatible with that of other versions of *getopt*(1). It will still do parameter shuffling and recognize optional arguments (see the *COMPATIBILITY* section for more information)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:31 msgid "Traditional implementations of *getopt*(1) are unable to cope with whitespace and other (shell-specific) special characters in arguments and non-option parameters. To solve this problem, this implementation can generate quoted output which must once again be interpreted by the shell (usually by using the *eval* command). This has the effect of preserving those characters, but you must call *getopt* in a way that is no longer compatible with other versions (the second or third format in the *SYNOPSIS*). To determine whether this enhanced version of *getopt*(1) is installed, a special test option (*-T*) can be used." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:34 ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--alternative*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:36 msgid "Allow long options to start with a single '*-*'." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--longoptions* _longopts_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:39 msgid "The long (multi-character) options to be recognized. More than one option name may be specified at once, by separating the names with commas, whitespace (spaces, tabs, or newlines). This option may be given more than once, the _longopts_ are cumulative. Each long option name in _longopts_ may be followed by one colon to indicate it has a required argument, and by two colons to indicate it has an optional argument." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--name* _progname_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:42 msgid "The name that will be used by the *getopt*(3) routines when it reports errors. Note that errors of *getopt*(1) are still reported as coming from getopt." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--options* _shortopts_" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:45 msgid "The short (one-character) options to be recognized. If this option is not found, the first parameter of *getopt* that does not start with a '*-*' (and is not an option argument) is used as the short options string. Each short option character in _shortopts_ may be followed by one colon to indicate it has a required argument, and by two colons to indicate it has an optional argument. The first character of shortopts may be '*{plus}*' or '*-*' to influence the way options are parsed and output is generated (see the *SCANNING MODES* section for details)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:49 msgid "Disable error reporting by *getopt*(3)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-Q*, *--quiet-output*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:52 msgid "Do not generate normal output. Errors are still reported by *getopt*(3), unless you also use *-q*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:55 msgid "Set quoting conventions to those of _shell_. If the *-s* option is not given, the *BASH* conventions are used. Valid arguments are currently '*sh*', '*bash*', '*csh*', and '*tcsh*'." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--test*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:58 msgid "Test if your *getopt*(1) is this enhanced version or an old version. This generates no output, and sets the error status to 4. Other implementations of *getopt*(1), and this version if the environment variable *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE* is set, will return '*--*' and error status 0." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--unquoted*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:61 msgid "Do not quote the output. Note that whitespace and special (shell-dependent) characters can cause havoc in this mode (like they do with other *getopt*(1) implementations)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-U*, *--unknown*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:64 msgid "Leave unknown options as they are and suppress error messages from *getopt*(3). Since there is no way to know whether an unknown option requires an argument, a non-option argument that follows the unknown option after a whitespace, is considered an option argument, therefore the argument will be left untouched and printed next to the respective unknown option. To prevent unexpected behavior, short options should be specified individually." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "PARSING" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:70 msgid "This section specifies the format of the second part of the parameters of *getopt* (the _parameters_ in the *SYNOPSIS*). The next section (*OUTPUT*) describes the output that is generated. These parameters were typically the parameters a shell function was called with. Care must be taken that each parameter the shell function was called with corresponds to exactly one parameter in the parameter list of *getopt* (see the *EXAMPLES*). All parsing is done by the GNU *getopt*(3) routines." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:72 msgid "The parameters are parsed from left to right. Each parameter is classified as a short option, a long option, an argument to an option, or a non-option parameter." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:74 msgid "A simple short option is a '*-*' followed by a short option character, except for the ':', ';' and '?' characters, as these are reserved by *getopt*(3). If the option has a required argument, it may be written directly after the option character or as the next parameter (i.e., separated by whitespace on the command line). If the option has an optional argument, it must be written directly after the option character if present." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:76 msgid "It is possible to specify several short options after one '*-*', as long as all (except possibly the last) do not have required or optional arguments." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:78 msgid "A long option normally begins with '*--*' followed by the long option name. If the option has a required argument, it may be written directly after the long option name, separated by '*=*', or as the next argument (i.e., separated by whitespace on the command line). If the option has an optional argument, it must be written directly after the long option name, separated by '*=*', if present (if you add the '*=*' but nothing behind it, it is interpreted as if no argument was present; this is a slight bug, see the *BUGS*). Long options may be abbreviated, as long as the abbreviation is not ambiguous." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:80 msgid "Each parameter not starting with a '*-*', and not a required argument of a previous option, is a non-option parameter. Each parameter after a '*--*' parameter is always interpreted as a non-option parameter. If the environment variable *POSIXLY_CORRECT* is set, or if the short option string started with a '*{plus}*', all remaining parameters are interpreted as non-option parameters as soon as the first non-option parameter is found." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:82 ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:87 #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:26 #, no-wrap msgid "OUTPUT" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:85 msgid "Output is generated for each element described in the previous section. Output is done in the same order as the elements are specified in the input, except for non-option parameters. Output can be done in _compatible_ (_unquoted_) mode, or in such way that whitespace and other special characters within arguments and non-option parameters are preserved (see *QUOTING*). When the output is processed in the shell script, it will seem to be composed of distinct elements that can be processed one by one (by using the shift command in most shell languages). This is imperfect in unquoted mode, as elements can be split at unexpected places if they contain whitespace or special characters." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:87 msgid "If there are problems parsing the parameters, for example because a required argument is not found or an option is not recognized, an error will be reported on stderr, there will be no output for the offending element, and a non-zero error status is returned." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:89 msgid "For a short option, a single '*-*' and the option character are generated as one parameter. If the option has an argument, the next parameter will be the argument. If the option takes an optional argument, but none was found, the next parameter will be generated but be empty in quoting mode, but no second parameter will be generated in unquoted (compatible) mode. Note that many other *getopt*(1) implementations do not support optional arguments." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:91 msgid "If several short options were specified after a single '*-*', each will be present in the output as a separate parameter." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:93 msgid "For a long option, '*--*' and the full option name are generated as one parameter. This is done regardless whether the option was abbreviated or specified with a single '*-*' in the input. Arguments are handled as with short options." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:95 msgid "Normally, no non-option parameters output is generated until all options and their arguments have been generated. Then '*--*' is generated as a single parameter, and after it the non-option parameters in the order they were found, each as a separate parameter. Only if the first character of the short options string was a '*-*', non-option parameter output is generated at the place they are found in the input (this is not supported if the first format of the *SYNOPSIS* is used; in that case all preceding occurrences of '*-*' and '*{plus}*' are ignored)." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "QUOTING" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:100 msgid "In compatibility mode, whitespace or 'special' characters in arguments or non-option parameters are not handled correctly. As the output is fed to the shell script, the script does not know how it is supposed to break the output into separate parameters. To circumvent this problem, this implementation offers quoting. The idea is that output is generated with quotes around each parameter. When this output is once again fed to the shell (usually by a shell *eval* command), it is split correctly into separate parameters." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:102 msgid "Quoting is not enabled if the environment variable *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE* is set, if the first form of the *SYNOPSIS* is used, or if the option '*-u*' is found." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:104 msgid "Different shells use different quoting conventions. You can use the '*-s*' option to select the shell you are using. The following shells are currently supported: '*sh*', '*bash*', '*csh*' and '*tcsh*'. Actually, only two 'flavors' are distinguished: sh-like quoting conventions and csh-like quoting conventions. Chances are that if you use another shell script language, one of these flavors can still be used." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "SCANNING MODES" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:108 msgid "The first character of the short options string may be a '*-*' or a '*{plus}*' to indicate a special scanning mode. If the first calling form in the *SYNOPSIS* is used they are ignored; the environment variable *POSIXLY_CORRECT* is still examined, though." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:111 msgid "If the first character is '*{plus}*', or if the environment variable *POSIXLY_CORRECT* is set, parsing stops as soon as the first non-option parameter (i.e., a parameter that does not start with a '*-*') is found that is not an option argument. The remaining parameters are all interpreted as non-option parameters." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:114 msgid "If the first character is a '*-*', non-option parameters are outputted at the place where they are found; in normal operation, they are all collected at the end of output after a '*--*' parameter has been generated. Note that this '*--*' parameter is still generated, but it will always be the last parameter in this mode." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:118 msgid "This version of *getopt*(1) is written to be as compatible as possible to other versions. Usually you can just replace them with this version without any modifications, and with some advantages." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:120 msgid "If the first character of the first parameter of getopt is not a '*-*', *getopt* goes into compatibility mode. It will interpret its first parameter as the string of short options, and all other arguments will be parsed. It will still do parameter shuffling (i.e., all non-option parameters are output at the end), unless the environment variable *POSIXLY_CORRECT* is set, in which case, *getopt* will prepend a '*{plus}*' before short options automatically." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:123 msgid "The environment variable *GETOPT_COMPATIBLE* forces *getopt* into compatibility mode. Setting both this environment variable and *POSIXLY_CORRECT* offers 100% compatibility for 'difficult' programs. Usually, though, neither is needed." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:125 msgid "In compatibility mode, leading '*-*' and '*{plus}*' characters in the short options string are ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "RETURN CODES" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:130 msgid "*getopt* returns error code *0* for successful parsing, *1* if *getopt*(3) returns errors, *2* if it does not understand its own parameters, *3* if an internal error occurs like out-of-memory, and *4* if it is called with *-T*." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate _{package-docdir}_. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:135 msgid "Example scripts for (ba)sh and (t)csh are provided with the *getopt*(1) distribution, and are installed in _{package-docdir}_ directory." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:138 ../text-utils/more.1.adoc:195 #, no-wrap msgid "*POSIXLY_CORRECT*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:140 msgid "This environment variable is examined by the *getopt*(3) routines. If it is set, parsing stops as soon as a parameter is found that is not an option or an option argument. All remaining parameters are also interpreted as non-option parameters, regardless whether they start with a '*-*'." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:141 #, no-wrap msgid "*GETOPT_COMPATIBLE*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:143 msgid "Forces *getopt* to use the first calling format as specified in the *SYNOPSIS*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:147 msgid "*getopt*(3) can parse long options with optional arguments that are given an empty optional argument (but cannot do this for short options). This *getopt*(1) treats optional arguments that are empty as if they were not present." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:149 msgid "The syntax if you do not want any short option variables at all is not very intuitive (you have to set them explicitly to the empty string)." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:150 ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:167 #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:94 ../pam_lastlog2/man/pam_lastlog2.8.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "AUTHOR" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:153 msgid "mailto:frodo@frodo.looijaard.name[Frodo Looijaard]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/getopt.1.adoc:159 msgid "*bash*(1), *tcsh*(1), *getopt*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "hardlink(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:20 msgid "hardlink - link multiple copies of a file" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:24 msgid "*hardlink* [options] _directory_|_file_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:29 msgid "*hardlink* is a tool that replaces copies of a file with either hardlinks or copy-on-write clones, thus saving space." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:37 msgid "*hardlink* first creates a binary tree of file sizes and then compares the content of files that have the same size. There are two basic content comparison methods. The *memcmp* method directly reads data blocks from files and compares them. The other method is based on checksums (like SHA256); in this case for each data block a checksum is calculated by the Linux kernel crypto API, and this checksum is stored in userspace and used for file comparisons." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:42 msgid "For each file also an \"intro\" buffer (32 bytes) is cached. This buffer is used independently from the comparison method and requested cache-size and io-size. The \"intro\" buffer dramatically reduces operations with data content as files are very often different from the beginning." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--content*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:47 msgid "Consider only file content, not attributes, when determining whether two files are equal. Same as *-pot*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--io-size* _size_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:56 msgid "The size of the *read*(2) or *sendfile*(2) buffer used when comparing file contents. The _size_ argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB, MiB, etc. The \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\". The default is 8KiB for memcmp method and 1MiB for the other methods. The only memcmp method uses process memory for the buffer, other methods use zero-copy way and I/O operation is done in the kernel. The size may be altered on the fly to fit a number of cached content checksums." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--respect-dir*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:59 msgid "Only try to link files with the same directory name. The top-level directory (as specified on the *hardlink* command line) is ignored. For example, *hardlink --respect-dir /foo /bar* will link _/foo/some/file_ with _/bar/some/file_, but not _/bar/other/file_. If combined with *--respect-name*, then entire paths (except the top-level directory) are compared." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--respect-name*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:62 msgid "Only try to link files with the same (base)name. It's strongly recommended to use long options rather than *-f* which is interpreted in a different way by other *hardlink* implementations." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--prioritize-trees*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:66 msgid "Keep files found in the earliest specified top-level directory if there are multiple identical files in different trees. For example, *hardlink foo/ bar/* will link files in bar/ to equal files in the foo/ directory." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--include* _regex_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:69 msgid "A regular expression to include files. If the option *--exclude* has been given, this option re-includes files which would otherwise be excluded. If the option is used without *--exclude*, only files matched by the pattern are included." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list-duplicates*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:72 msgid "Don't link anything, but list the absolute path of every duplicate file, one per line, preceded by a unique 16-byte discriminator and a tab." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--maximize*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:75 msgid "Among equal files, keep the file with the highest link count." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M*, *--minimize*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:78 msgid "Among equal files, keep the file with the lowest link count." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*--mount*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:81 msgid "Do not traverse directories on different filesystems (remain within the same filesystem)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:82 ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:96 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--dry-run*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:84 msgid "Do not act, just print what would happen." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--ignore-owner*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:87 msgid "Link and compare files even if their owner information (user and group) differs. Results may be unpredictable." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--keep-oldest*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:90 msgid "Among equal files, keep the oldest file (least recent modification time). By default, the newest file is kept. If *--maximize* or *--minimize* is specified, the link count has a higher precedence than the time of modification." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--ignore-mode*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:93 msgid "Link and compare files even if their mode is different. Results may be slightly unpredictable." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:96 msgid "Quiet mode, don't print anything." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--cache-size* _size_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:102 msgid "The size of the cache for content checksums. All non-memcmp methods calculate checksum for each file content block (see *--io-size*), these checksums are cached for the next comparison. The size is important for large files or a large sets of files of the same size. The default is 10MiB." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*--reflink*[**=**_when_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:108 msgid "Create copy-on-write clones (aka reflinks) rather than hardlinks. The reflinked files share only on-disk data, but the file mode and owner can be different. It's recommended to use this option together with the *--ignore-owner* and *--ignore-mode* options. This option implies *--skip-reflinks* to ignore already cloned files." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:115 msgid "The optional argument _when_ can be *never*, *always*, or *auto*. If the _when_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*, which means that *hardlink* checks the filesystem type and uses reflinks on BTRFS, XFS and ZFS only, and falls back to hardlinks when creating a reflink is impossible. The argument *always* disables filesystem-type detection and the fallback to hardlinks, which means that only reflinks are allowed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "*--skip-reflinks*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:118 msgid "Ignore already cloned files. This option may be used without *--reflink* when creating classic hardlinks." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:119 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--minimum-size* _size_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:121 msgid "The minimum size to consider. By default this is 1, so empty files will not be linked. The _size_ argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\")." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--maximum-size* _size_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:124 msgid "The maximum size to consider. By default this is 0 and 0 has the special meaning of unlimited. The _size_ argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\")." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:125 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--ignore-time*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:127 msgid "Link and compare files even if their time of modification is different. This is usually a good choice." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:130 msgid "Verbose output, explain to the user what is being done. If specified once, every hardlinked file is displayed. If specified twice, it also shows every comparison." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--exclude* _regex_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:133 msgid "A regular expression that excludes files from being compared and linked. This option can be used multiple times." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:134 #, no-wrap msgid "*--exclude-subtree* _regex_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:136 msgid "A regular expression that excludes entire directories from being compared and linked. This option can also be used multiple times." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "*-X*, *--respect-xattrs*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:139 msgid "Only try to link files with the same extended attributes." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "*-y*, *--method* _name_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:146 msgid "Set the file content comparison method. The currently supported methods are *sha256*, *sha1*, *crc32c*, and *memcmp*. The default is *sha256*, or *memcmp* if the Linux Crypto API is not available. The methods based on checksums are implemented in a zero-copy way, which means that file contents are not copied to userspace and all calculation is done in the kernel." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:149 msgid "Separate lines with a NUL byte instead of a newline (for *-l*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:155 msgid "*hardlink* takes one or more directories which will be searched for files to be linked." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "*ULFILEEQ_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:160 msgid "Enables debug output for file comparisons." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:164 msgid "The original *hardlink* implementation uses the option *-f* to force hardlinks creation between filesystem. This very rarely usable feature is no more supported by the current *hardlink*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:166 msgid "*hardlink* assumes that the trees it operates on do not change during operation. If a tree does change, the result is undefined and potentially dangerous. For example, if a regular file is replaced by a device, *hardlink* may start reading from the device. If a component of a path is replaced by a symbolic link or file permissions change, security may be compromised. Do not run *hardlink* on a changing tree or on a tree controlled by another user." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/hardlink.1.adoc:170 msgid "There are multiple *hardlink* implementations. The very first implementation is from Jakub Jelinek for Fedora distribution, this implementation has been used in util-linux between versions v2.34 to v2.36. The current implementations is based on Debian version from Julian Andres Klode." msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:9 #, no-wrap msgid "kill(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:19 msgid "kill - terminate a process" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:23 msgid "*kill* [**-**_signal_|*-s* _signal_|*-p*] [*-q* _value_] [*-a*] [*--timeout* _milliseconds_ _signal_] [*--*] _pid_|_pid_:_pidfd_inode_|_name_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:25 msgid "*kill* [**-**_signal_|*-s* _signal_] _pid_|_pid_:_pidfd_inode_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:27 msgid "*kill* *-l* [_number_|``0x``_sigmask_] | *-L*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:29 msgid "*kill* *-d* _pid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:33 msgid "The command *kill* sends the specified _signal_ to the specified processes or process groups." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:35 msgid "If no signal is specified, the *TERM* signal is sent. The default action for this signal is to terminate the process. This signal should be used in preference to the *KILL* signal (number 9), since a process may install a handler for the TERM signal in order to perform clean-up steps before terminating in an orderly fashion. If a process does not terminate after a *TERM* signal has been sent, then the *KILL* signal may be used; be aware that the latter signal cannot be caught, and so does not give the target process the opportunity to perform any clean-up before terminating." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:37 msgid "Most modern shells have a builtin *kill* command, with a usage rather similar to that of the command described here. The *--all*, *--pid*, and *--queue* options, and the possibility to specify processes by command name, are local extensions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:39 msgid "If _signal_ is 0, then no actual signal is sent, but error checking is still performed." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:43 msgid "The list of processes to be signaled can be a mixture of names and PIDs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "_pid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:46 msgid "Each _pid_ can be expressed in one of the following ways:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "_n_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:48 msgid "where _n_ is larger than 0. The process with PID _n_ is signaled." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:50 msgid "All processes in the current process group are signaled." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:52 msgid "All processes with a PID larger than 1 are signaled." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "**-**__n__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:54 msgid "where _n_ is larger than 1. All processes in process group _n_ are signaled. When an argument of the form '-n' is given, and it is meant to denote a process group, either a signal must be specified first, or the argument must be preceded by a '--' option, otherwise it will be taken as the signal to send." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "_pid_:_pidfd_inode_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:57 msgid "A process can be referenced by its _pid_ plus _pidfd_inode_ (pid:pidfd_inode), to uniquely identify it and perform race-free signalling. This works only for the options -s, --signal and -_signal_. Requires kernel version 6.9 and later." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "_name_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:60 msgid "All processes invoked using this _name_ will be signaled." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--signal* _signal_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:65 msgid "The signal to send. It may be given as a name or a number." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--list* [_number_|``0x``_sigmask_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:68 msgid "Print a list of signal names, convert the given signal number to a name, or convert the given signal mask to names. The signals can be found in _/usr/include/linux/signal.h_." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:78 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ps s $$\n" " UID PID PENDING BLOCKED IGNORED CAUGHT STAT TTY TIME COMMAND\n" " 1000 1608069 0000000000000000 0000000000000002 0000000000384000 0000000008013003 Ss pts/44 0:02 zsh\n" "$ kill -l 0x0000000000384000\n" "TERM\n" "TSTP\n" "TTIN\n" "TTOU\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:81 msgid "If neither *NUMBER* nor `0x`*SIGMASK* is given, list all signal names. In that case, print one signal per line when the output is not a terminal." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:81 #, no-wrap msgid "*-L*, *--table*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:84 msgid "Similar to *-l*, but it will print signal names and their corresponding numbers. Print one signal per line when the output is not a terminal." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:86 msgid "Do not restrict the command-name-to-PID conversion to processes with the same UID as the present process." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:86 ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:102 #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:78 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:79 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:58 ../sys-utils/renice.1.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pid*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:88 msgid "Only print the process ID (PID) of the named processes, do not send any signals." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--require-handler*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:90 msgid "Do not send the signal if it is not caught in userspace by the signalled process." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:92 msgid "Print PID(s) that will be signaled with *kill* along with the signal." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*-q*, *--queue* _value_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:94 msgid "Send the signal using *sigqueue*(3) rather than *kill*(2). The _value_ argument is an integer that is sent along with the signal. If the receiving process has installed a handler for this signal using the *SA_SIGINFO* flag to *sigaction*(2), then it can obtain this data via the _si_sigval_ field of the _siginfo_t_ structure." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "*--timeout* _milliseconds signal_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:96 msgid "Send a signal defined in the usual way to a process, followed by an additional signal after a specified delay. The *--timeout* option causes *kill* to wait for a period defined in _milliseconds_ before sending a follow-up _signal_ to the process. This feature is implemented using the Linux kernel PID file descriptor feature in order to guarantee that the follow-up signal is sent to the same process or not sent if the process no longer exists." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:98 msgid "Note that the operating system may re-use PIDs and implementing an equivalent feature in a shell using *kill* and *sleep* would be subject to races whereby the follow-up signal might be sent to a different process that used a recycled PID." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:100 msgid "The *--timeout* option can be specified multiple times: the signals are sent sequentially with the specified timeouts. The *--timeout* option can be combined with the *--queue* option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:102 msgid "As an example, the following command sends the signals *QUIT*, *TERM* and *KILL* in sequence and waits for 1000 milliseconds between sending the signals:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "" "kill --verbose --timeout 1000 TERM --timeout 1000 KILL \\\n" " --signal QUIT 12345\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--show-process-state* _pid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:109 msgid "Decode signal related fields in /proc/_pid_/status." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:115 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ kill -d $$\n" "Blocked: INT\n" "Ignored: TERM TSTP TTIN TTOU\n" "Caught: HUP INT PIPE ALRM CHLD WINCH\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:122 msgid "*kill* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:127 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:214 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:68 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:88 #: ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:80 msgid "failure" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:129 msgid "partial success (when more than one process specified)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:133 msgid "Although it is possible to specify the TID (thread ID, see *gettid*(2)) of one of the threads in a multithreaded process as the argument of *kill*, the signal is nevertheless directed to the process (i.e., the entire thread group). In other words, it is not possible to send a signal to an explicitly selected thread in a multithreaded process. The signal will be delivered to an arbitrarily selected thread in the target process that is not blocking the signal. For more details, see *signal*(7) and the description of *CLONE_THREAD* in *clone*(2)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:135 msgid "Various shells provide a builtin *kill* command that is preferred in relation to the *kill*(1) executable described by this manual. The easiest way to ensure one is executing the command described in this page is to use the full path when calling the command, for example: */bin/kill --version*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:140 msgid "mailto:svalente@mit.edu[Salvatore Valente], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:142 msgid "The original version was taken from BSD 4.4." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/kill.1.adoc:153 msgid "*bash*(1), *tcsh*(1), *sigaction*(2), *kill*(2), *sigqueue*(3), *signal*(7) *proc(5)* *proc_pid_status(5)*" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "lastlog2(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:18 msgid "lastlog2 - displays date of last login for all users or a specific one" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:22 msgid "*lastlog2* [options]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:29 msgid "*lastlog2* displays the content of the last-login database. The _login-name_, _last-login-time_, _tty_ and _remote-host_ will be printed. By default (no flags) all last-login entries are printed, in the order they were first written into the database." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:32 msgid "If a user has never logged in, the message *+++**+++Never logged in+++**+++* is displayed in the last-login-time column." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:35 msgid "Only the entries for the current users of the system are displayed. Other entries may exist for users that have meanwhile been deleted." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:38 msgid "Compared to *lastlog*(8), this command is Y2038-safe, and uses SQLite3 instead of a sparse file to store the information." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--active*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:43 msgid "Do not print entries for users who have never logged in." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--before* _days_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:46 msgid "Print only the last-login records older than _days_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:47 ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--clear*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:50 msgid "Clear the last-login record of a user. This option can only be used together with *-u* (*--user*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--database* _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:53 msgid "Use _file_ as *lastlog2* database." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--import* _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:57 msgid "Import data from an old lastlog file named _file_. Existing entries in the lastlog2 database will be overwritten." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--rename* _newname_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:61 msgid "Rename the user given with *-u* to this _newname_. This option can only be used together with *-u* (*--user*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--service*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:64 msgid "Display the PAM service used to login in the last column." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--set*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:68 msgid "Set the last-login record of a user to the current time. This option can only be used together with *-u* (*--user*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--time* _days_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:71 msgid "Print only last-login records more recent than _days_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--user* _login_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:74 msgid "Print (or modify) the last-login record of the user _login_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*/var/lib/lastlog/lastlog2.db*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:81 msgid "Lastlog2 logging database file" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:86 msgid "lastlog2 was written by Thorsten Kukuk for *liblastlog2*(3)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lastlog2.8.adoc:90 msgid "*liblastlog2*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "logger(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:48 msgid "logger - enter messages into the system log" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:52 msgid "*logger* [options] _message_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:56 msgid "*logger* makes entries in the system log." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:58 msgid "When the optional _message_ argument is present, it is written to the log. If it is not present, and the *-f* option is not given either, then standard input is logged." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--udp*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:63 msgid "Use datagrams (UDP) only. By default the connection is tried to the syslog port defined in _/etc/services_, which is often 514." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:65 ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:182 msgid "See also *--server* and *--socket* to specify where to connect." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--skip-empty*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:68 msgid "Ignore empty lines when processing files. An empty line is defined to be a line without any characters. Thus a line consisting only of whitespace is NOT considered empty. Note that when the *--prio-prefix* option is specified, the priority is not part of the line. Thus an empty line in this mode is a line that does not have any characters after the priority prefix (e.g., *<13>*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:71 msgid "Log the contents of the specified _file_. This option cannot be combined with a command-line message." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:74 msgid "Log the PID of the *logger* process with each line." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*--id*[**=**__id__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:77 msgid "Log the PID of the *logger* process with each line. When the optional argument _id_ is specified, then it is used instead of the *logger* command's PID. The use of *--id=$$* (PPID) is recommended in scripts that send several messages." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:79 msgid "Note that the system logging infrastructure (for example *systemd* when listening on _/dev/log_) may follow local socket credentials to override the PID specified in the message. *logger*(1) is able to set those socket credentials to the given _id_, but only if you have root permissions and a process with the specified PID exists, otherwise the socket credentials are not modified and the problem is silently ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*--journald*[**=**__file__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:82 msgid "Write a *systemd* journal entry. The entry is read from the given _file_, when specified, otherwise from standard input. Each line must begin with a field that is accepted by *journald*; see *systemd.journal-fields*(7) for details. The use of a MESSAGE_ID field is generally a good idea, as it makes finding entries easy. Examples:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "" " logger --journald <*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:120 msgid "If the prefix contains no facility, the facility defaults to what is specified by the *-p* option. Similarly, if no prefix is provided, the line is logged using the _priority_ given with *-p*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:122 msgid "This option doesn't affect a command-line message. This option is primarily designed for use cases where *logger* is used in a pipeline (e.g., daemon | logger --prio-prefix) to read multiple messages with different priorities." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:123 #, no-wrap msgid "*--rfc3164*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:125 msgid "Use the link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3164[RFC 3164] BSD syslog protocol to submit messages to a remote server." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:126 #, no-wrap msgid "*--rfc5424*[**=**__without__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:128 msgid "Use the link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5424[RFC 5424] syslog protocol to submit messages to a remote server. The optional _without_ argument can be a comma-separated list of the following values: *notq*, *notime*, *nohost*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:130 msgid "The *notq* value suppresses the time-quality structured data from the submitted message. The time-quality information shows whether the local clock was synchronized plus the maximum number of microseconds the timestamp might be off. The time quality is also automatically suppressed when *--sd-id timeQuality* is specified." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:132 msgid "The *notime* value (which implies *notq*) suppresses the complete sender timestamp that is in ISO-8601 format, including microseconds and timezone." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:134 msgid "The *nohost* value suppresses *gethostname*(2) information from the message header." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:136 msgid "The RFC 5424 protocol has been the default for *logger* since version 2.26." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--stderr*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:139 msgid "Output the message to standard error as well as to the system log. The complete message is output in the same form as sent to syslog or journald, including priority and possibly other fields. This option is primarily designed for debugging purposes and is often used with *--no-act*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:140 #, no-wrap msgid "*--sd-id* _name_[**@**__digits__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:142 msgid "Specifies a structured data element ID for an RFC 5424 message header. The option has to be used before *--sd-param* to introduce a new element. The number of structured data elements is unlimited. The ID (_name_ plus possibly **@**__digits__) is case-sensitive and uniquely identifies the type and purpose of the element. The same ID must not exist more than once in a message. The **@**__digits__ part is required for user-defined non-standardized IDs." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:144 msgid "*logger* currently generates the *timeQuality* standardized element only. RFC 5424 also describes the elements *origin* (with parameters *ip*, *enterpriseId*, *software* and *swVersion*) and *meta* (with parameters *sequenceId*, *sysUpTime* and *language*). These element IDs may be specified without the **@**__digits__ suffix." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:145 #, no-wrap msgid "*--sd-param* _name_=_value_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:147 msgid "Specifies a structured data element parameter, a name and value pair. The option has to be used after *--sd-id* and may be specified more than once for the same element. Note that the quotation marks around _value_ are required and must be escaped on the command line." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:155 #, no-wrap msgid "" " logger --rfc5424 --sd-id zoo@123 \\\n" " --sd-param tiger=\"hungry\" \\\n" " --sd-param zebra=\"running\" \\\n" " --sd-id manager@123 \\\n" " --sd-param onMeeting=\"yes\" \\\n" " \"this is message\"\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:157 msgid "produces:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:159 msgid "*<13>1 2015-10-01T14:07:59.168662+02:00 ws kzak - - [timeQuality tzKnown=\"1\" isSynced=\"1\" syncAccuracy=\"218616\"][zoo@123 tiger=\"hungry\" zebra=\"running\"][manager@123 onMeeting=\"yes\"] this is message*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:162 msgid "Sets the maximum permitted message size to _size_. The default is 1KiB characters, which is the limit traditionally used and specified in RFC 3164. With RFC 5424, this limit has become flexible. A good assumption is that RFC 5424 receivers can at least process 4KiB messages." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:164 msgid "Most receivers accept messages larger than 1KiB over any type of syslog protocol. As such, the *--size* option affects *logger* in all cases (not only when *--rfc5424* was used)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:166 msgid "Note: the message-size limit limits the overall message size, including the syslog header. Header sizes vary depending on the selected options and the hostname length. As a rule of thumb, headers are usually not longer than 50 to 80 characters. When selecting a maximum message size, it is important to ensure that the receiver supports the max size as well, otherwise messages may become truncated. Again, as a rule of thumb two to four KiB message size should generally be OK, whereas anything larger should be verified to work." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:167 #, no-wrap msgid "*--socket-errors* __mode__" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:174 msgid "Print errors about Unix socket connections. The _mode_ can be *on*, *off*, or *auto*. When the mode is *auto* (the default), then *logger* will detect if the init process is *systemd*(1), and if so, the assumption is made that _/dev/log_ can be used early at boot. The lack of _/dev/log_ on other init systems will not cause errors, just as when using the *openlog*(3) system call. The *logger*(1) before version 2.26 used *openlog*(3), and thus was unable to detect the loss of messages sent to Unix sockets." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:177 msgid "When errors are not enabled, lost messages are not communicated and will result in a successful exit status of *logger*(1)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:178 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--tcp*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:180 msgid "Use stream (TCP) only. By default the connection is tried to the _syslog-conn_ port defined in _/etc/services_, which is often _601_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:183 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--tag* _tag_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:185 msgid "Mark every line to be logged with the specified _tag_. The default tag is the name of the user logged in on the terminal (or a user name based on effective user ID)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:186 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--socket* _socket_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:188 msgid "Write to the specified _socket_ instead of to the system log socket." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:189 #, no-wrap msgid "*--*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:191 msgid "End the argument list. This allows the _message_ to start with a hyphen (-)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:197 msgid "The *logger* utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:198 #, no-wrap msgid "FACILITIES AND LEVELS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:201 msgid "Valid facility names are:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:205 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*auth*\n" "*authpriv* for security information of a sensitive nature\n" "*cron* +" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:209 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*daemon*\n" "*ftp*\n" "*kern* cannot be generated from userspace process, automatically converted to *user* +" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:220 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*lpr* +\n" "*mail* +\n" "*news* +\n" "*syslog* +\n" "*user* +\n" "*uucp* +\n" "*local0* +\n" " to +\n" "*local7* +\n" "*security* deprecated synonym for *auth*\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:222 msgid "Valid level names are:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:234 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*emerg*\n" "*alert*\n" "*crit*\n" "*err*\n" "*warning*\n" "*notice*\n" "*info*\n" "*debug*\n" "*panic* deprecated synonym for *emerg*\n" "*error* deprecated synonym for *err*\n" "*warn* deprecated synonym for *warning* +" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:236 msgid "For the priority order and intended purposes of these facilities and levels, see *syslog*(3)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:240 msgid "The *logger* command is expected to be IEEE Std 1003.2 (\"POSIX.2\") compatible." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:244 msgid "logger System rebooted" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:246 msgid "logger -p local0.notice -t HOSTIDM -f /dev/idmc" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:248 msgid "logger -n loghost.example.com System rebooted" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:253 msgid "The *logger* command was originally written by University of California in 1983-1993 and later rewritten by mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak], mailto:rgerhards@adiscon.com[Rainer Gerhards], and mailto:kerolasa@iki.fi[Sami Kerola]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/logger.1.adoc:259 msgid "*journalctl*(1), *syslog*(3), *systemd.journal-fields*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "look(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:48 msgid "look - display lines beginning with a given string" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:52 msgid "*look* [options] _string_ [_file_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:56 msgid "The *look* utility displays any lines in _file_ which contain _string_ as a prefix. As *look* performs a binary search, the lines in _file_ must be sorted (where *sort*(1) was given the same options *-d* and/or *-f* that *look* is invoked with)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:58 msgid "If _file_ is not specified, the file _/usr/share/dict/words_ is used, only alphanumeric characters are compared and the case of alphabetic characters is ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:63 msgid "Use the alternative dictionary file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--alphanum*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:66 msgid "Use normal dictionary character set and order, i.e., only blanks and alphanumeric characters are compared. This is on by default if no file is specified." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:68 msgid "Note that blanks have been added to dictionary character set for compatibility with *sort -d* command since version 2.28." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--ignore-case*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:71 msgid "Ignore the case of alphabetic characters. This is on by default if no file is specified." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--terminate* _character_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:74 msgid "Specify a string termination character, i.e., only the characters in _string_ up to and including the first occurrence of _character_ are compared." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:80 msgid "The *look* utility exits 0 if one or more lines were found and displayed, 1 if no lines were found, and >1 if an error occurred." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*WORDLIST*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:85 msgid "Path to a dictionary file. The environment variable has greater priority than the dictionary path defined in the *FILES* segment." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:88 #, no-wrap msgid "_/usr/share/dict/words_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:90 msgid "the dictionary" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "_/usr/share/dict/web2_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:93 msgid "the alternative dictionary" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:97 msgid "The *look* utility appeared in Version 7 AT&T Unix." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "" "sort -d /etc/passwd -o /tmp/look.dict\n" "look -t: root:foobar /tmp/look.dict\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/look.1.adoc:109 msgid "*grep*(1), *sort*(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "lsblk(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:13 msgid "lsblk - list block devices" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:17 msgid "*lsblk* [options] [_device_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:21 msgid "*lsblk* lists information about all available or the specified block devices. The *lsblk* command reads the *sysfs* filesystem and *udev db* to gather information. If the udev db is not available or *lsblk* is compiled without udev support, then it tries to read LABELs, UUIDs and filesystem types from the block device. In this case root permissions are necessary." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:23 msgid "By default, the command prints all block devices (except RAM disks) in a tree-like format. The same device can be repeated in the tree if it relates to other devices. The *--merge* option is recommended for more complicated setups to gather groups of devices and describe complex N:M relationships." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:25 msgid "The tree-like output (or *children[]* array in the JSON output) is enabled only if NAME column it present in the output or when *--tree* command line option is used. See also *--nodeps* and *--list* to control the tree formatting." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:27 msgid "The default output, as well as the default output from options like *--fs* and *--topology*, is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default outputs in your scripts. Always explicitly define expected columns by using *--output* _columns-list_ and *--list* in environments where a stable output is required." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:29 msgid "Use *lsblk --list-columns* to get a list of all available columns." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:31 msgid "Note that *lsblk* might be executed in time when *udev* does not have all information about recently added or modified devices yet. In this case it is recommended to use *udevadm settle* before *lsblk* to synchronize with udev." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:33 msgid "The relationship between block devices and filesystems is not always one-to-one. The filesystem may use more block devices, or the same filesystem may be accessible by more paths. This is the reason why *lsblk* provides MOUNTPOINT and MOUNTPOINTS (pl.) columns. The column MOUNTPOINT displays only one mount point (usually the last mounted instance of the filesystem), and the column MOUNTPOINTS displays by multi-line cell all mount points associated with the device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-A*, *--noempty*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:38 msgid "Don't print empty devices." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:41 msgid "Disable all built-in filters and list all empty devices and RAM disk devices too." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-D*, *--discard*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:51 msgid "Print information about the discarding capabilities (TRIM, UNMAP) for each device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--nodeps*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:54 msgid "Do not print holder devices or slaves. For example, *lsblk --nodeps /dev/sda* prints information about the sda device only." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-E*, *--dedup* _column_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:57 msgid "Use _column_ as a de-duplication key to de-duplicate output tree. If the key is not available for the device, or the device is a partition and parental whole-disk device provides the same key than the device is always printed." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:59 msgid "The usual use case is to de-duplicate output on system multi-path devices, for example by *-E WWN*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--exclude* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:62 msgid "Exclude the devices specified by the comma-separated _list_ of major device numbers. Note that RAM disks (major=1) are excluded by default if *--all* is not specified. The filter is applied to the top-level devices only. This may be confusing for *--list* output format where hierarchy of the devices is not obvious." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--fs*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:65 msgid "Output info about filesystems. This option is equivalent to *-o NAME,FSTYPE,FSVER,LABEL,UUID,FSAVAIL,FSUSE%,MOUNTPOINTS*. The authoritative information about filesystems and raids is provided by the *blkid*(8) command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-I*, *--include* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:70 msgid "Include devices specified by the comma-separated _list_ of major device numbers. The filter is applied to the top-level devices only. This may be confusing for *--list* output format where hierarchy of the devices is not obvious." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--ascii*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:73 msgid "Use ASCII characters for tree formatting." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:76 msgid "Use JSON output format. It's strongly recommended to use *--output* and also *--tree* if necessary. Note that *children[]* is used only if NAME column or *--tree* is used." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:79 msgid "Produce output in the form of a list. The output does not provide information about relationships between devices and since version 2.34 every device is printed only once if *--pairs* or *--raw* not specified (the parsable outputs are maintained in backwardly compatible way)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M*, *--merge*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:82 msgid "Group parents of sub-trees to provide more readable output for RAIDs and Multi-path devices. The tree-like output is required." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--perms*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:85 msgid "Output info about device owner, group and mode. This option is equivalent to *-o NAME,SIZE,OWNER,GROUP,MODE*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N*, *--nvme*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:88 msgid "Output info about NVMe devices only." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*-v*, *--virtio*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:91 msgid "Output info about virtio devices only." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:97 msgid "Specify which output columns to print. Use *--list-columns* to get a list of all supported columns. The columns may affect tree-like output. The default is to use tree for the column 'NAME' (see also *--tree*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:99 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _+list_ (e.g., *lsblk -o +UUID*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:100 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--output-all*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:105 msgid "Produce output in the form of key=\"value\" pairs. The output lines are still ordered by dependencies. All potentially unsafe value characters are hex-escaped (\\x). See also option *--shell*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--paths*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:108 msgid "Print full device paths." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:115 msgid "Print only the devices that meet the conditions specified by _expression_. The filter is assessed prior to *lsblk* collecting data for all output columns. Only the necessary data for the lazy evaluation of the expression is retrieved from the system. This approach can enhance performance when compared to post-filtering, as commonly done by tools such as *grep*(1)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:117 ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:128 msgid "This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also *scols-filter*(5)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:120 msgid "For example, to exclude sda and sdb, but print everything else ('!~' is a negative regular-expression matching operator):" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid " lsblk --filter 'NAME !~ \"sd[ab]\"'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:124 #, no-wrap msgid "*--highlight* _expression_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:126 msgid "Colorize lines matching _expression_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:129 #, no-wrap msgid "*--ct* _name_[**:**_parameter_[**:**_function_]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:136 msgid "Define a custom counter. Custom counters are printed after the standard output. The _name_ is the custom name of the counter, the optional _parameter_ is the name of the column to be used for the counter, and the optional _function_ specifies the aggregation function. Supported functions are: *count*, *min*, *max*, *sum*. The default function is *count*. If _parameter_ is not specified, then the counter counts the number of lines." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:138 msgid "This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also *--ct-filter*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:141 msgid "For example, *--ct MyCounter:SIZE:sum* reports the total of the SIZE values. To report the number of SATA disks, one can use:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:145 #, no-wrap msgid "" " lsblk --ct-filter 'TYPE==\"disk\" && TRAN==\"sata\"' \\\n" " --ct \"Number of SATA devices\"\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:148 #, no-wrap msgid "*--ct-filter* _expression_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:150 msgid "Define a restriction for the next counter." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:152 msgid "This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also *--ct* and *scols-filter*(5)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:154 msgid "For example, to aggregate sizes by device type:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:157 #, no-wrap msgid "" " lsblk --ct-filter 'TYPE==\"part\"' --ct Partitions:SIZE:sum \\\n" " --ct-filter 'TYPE==\"disk\"' --ct WholeDisks:SIZE:sum\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:161 msgid "Produce output in raw format. The output lines are still ordered by dependencies. All potentially unsafe characters are hex-escaped (\\x) in the NAME, KNAME, LABEL, PARTLABEL and MOUNTPOINT columns." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:162 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--scsi*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:164 msgid "Output info about SCSI devices only. All partitions, slaves and holder devices are ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:165 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--inverse*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:167 msgid "Print dependencies in inverse order. If the *--list* output is requested then the lines are still ordered by dependencies." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:168 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--tree*[**=**__column__]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:170 msgid "Force tree-like output format. If _column_ is specified, then a tree is printed in the column. The default is NAME column." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:171 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--topology*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:173 msgid "Output info about block-device topology. This option is equivalent to" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:175 msgid "NAME,ALIGNMENT,MIN-IO,OPT-IO,PHY-SEC,LOG-SEC,ROTA,SCHED,RQ-SIZE,RA,WSAME*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:176 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--width* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:178 msgid "Specifies output width as a number of characters. The default is the number of the terminal columns, and if not executed on a terminal, then output width is not restricted at all by default. This option also forces *lsblk* to assume that terminal control characters and unsafe characters are not allowed. The expected use-case is for example when *lsblk* is used by the *watch*(1) command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:179 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--sort* _column_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:181 msgid "Sort output lines by _column_. This option enables *--list* output format by default. It is possible to use the option *--tree* to force tree-like output and than the tree branches are sorted by the _column_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:184 msgid "The column name will be modified to contain only characters allowed for shell variable identifiers, for example, MIN_IO and FSUSE_PCT instead of MIN-IO and FSUSE%. This is usable, for example, with *--pairs*. Note that this feature has been automatically enabled for *--pairs* in version 2.37, but due to compatibility issues, now it's necessary to request this behavior by *--shell*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:185 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--zoned*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:187 msgid "Print the zone related information for each device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:188 #, no-wrap msgid "*--sysroot* _directory_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:190 msgid "Gather data for a Linux instance other than the instance from which the *lsblk* command is issued. The specified directory is the system root of the Linux instance to be inspected. The real device nodes in the target directory can be replaced by text files with udev attributes." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:191 #, no-wrap msgid "*--properties-by* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:195 msgid "This option specifies the methods used by *lsblk* to gather information about filesystems and partition tables. The list is a comma-separated list of method names. The default setting is \"file,udev,blkid\". The supported methods are:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:198 msgid "Reads data from udev DB. If unsuccessful, it continues to the next probing method." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:200 msgid "Reads data directly from the device using libblkid. If unsuccessful, it continues to the next probing method." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:200 #, no-wrap msgid "*file*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:202 msgid "Reads data from a file. This method is only used if the --sysroot option is specified. This method always stops probing if used." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:202 #, no-wrap msgid "*none*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:204 msgid "Does not probe. This method always stops probing." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:215 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "32" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:217 msgid "none of specified devices found" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:218 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "64" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:220 msgid "some specified devices found, some not found" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:223 #, no-wrap msgid "*LSBLK_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:225 msgid "enables *lsblk* debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:228 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:179 msgid "enables *libblkid* debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:231 ../sys-utils/swapon.8.adoc:176 msgid "enables *libmount* debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:234 #, no-wrap msgid "*LSBLK_COLUMNS*=" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:236 msgid "specifies a comma-separated list of output columns to print. All columns listed by *--list-columns* can be used." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:240 msgid "For partitions, some information (e.g., queue attributes) is inherited from the parent device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:242 msgid "The *lsblk* command needs to be able to look up each block device by major:minor numbers, which is done by using _/sys/dev/block_. This sysfs block directory appeared in kernel 2.6.27 (October 2008). In case of problems with a new enough kernel, check that *CONFIG_SYSFS* was enabled at the time of the kernel build." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:247 msgid "mailto:gmazyland@gmail.com[Milan Broz], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsblk.8.adoc:254 msgid "*blkid*(8), *findmnt*(8) *ls*(1), *scols-filter*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "lsclocks(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:13 msgid "lsclocks - display system clocks" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:17 msgid "*lsclocks* [option]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:21 msgid "*lsclocks* is a simple command to display system clocks." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:24 msgid "It allows to display information like current time and resolution of clocks. Different kinds of clocks are supported." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:26 msgid "POSIX clocks: *CLOCK_MONOTONIC*, *CLOCK_REALTIME*, *CLOCK_BOOTTIME*, etc." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:27 msgid "CPU clocks: *clock_getcpuclockid*(3)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:28 msgid "PTP clocks: */dev/ptp0*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:29 msgid "RTC clocks: */dev/rtc0*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:30 msgid "Auxiliary clocks: *CLOCK_AUX0*, *CLOCK_AUX1*, etc." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:45 msgid "Output all columns." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--time* _clock_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:51 msgid "Show current time of one specific clock." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*--no-discover-dynamic*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:54 msgid "Do not try to discover dynamic clocks." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dynamic-clock* _path_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:58 msgid "Also display specified dynamic clock. Can be specified multiple times." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*--no-discover-rtc*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:61 msgid "Do not try to discover RTCs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--rtc* _path_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:65 msgid "Also display specified RTC. Can be specified multiple times." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--cpu-clock* _pid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:69 msgid "Also display CPU clock of specified process. Can be specified multiple times." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "LSCLOCKS_COLUMNS=" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:76 msgid "Specifies a comma-separated list of output columns to print. All columns listed in *OUTPUT COLUMNS* can be used." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:85 msgid "Clock type." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "ID <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:88 msgid "Numeric clock ID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "CLOCK <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:91 msgid "Name in the form *CLOCK_*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:94 msgid "Shorter, easier to read name." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "TIME <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:97 msgid "Current clock timestamp as returned by *clock_gettime*(2)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:98 #, no-wrap msgid "ISO_TIME <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:100 msgid "ISO8601 formatted version of *TIME*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "RESOL_RAW <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:103 msgid "Clock resolution as returned by *clock_getres*(2)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "RESOL <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:106 msgid "Human readable version of *RESOL_RAW*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "REL_TIME <``string``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:109 msgid "*TIME* time formatted as time range." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "NS_OFFSET <``number``>" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:112 msgid "Offset of the current namespace to the parent namespace as read from */proc/self/timens_offsets*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lsclocks.1.adoc:121 msgid "*clock_getres*(2) *clock_gettime*(2)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:14 #, no-wrap msgid "lslocks(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:26 msgid "lslocks - list local system locks" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:30 msgid "*lslocks* [options]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:34 msgid "*lslocks* lists information about all the currently held file locks in a Linux system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--noinaccessible*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:46 msgid "Ignore lock files which are inaccessible for the current user." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:57 msgid "The default list of columns may be extended if _list_ is specified in the format _{plus}list_ (e.g., *lslocks -o {plus}BLOCKER*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:62 ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pid* _pid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:64 msgid "Display only the locks held by the process with this _pid_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:67 msgid "Print only the locks that meet the conditions specified by the expr." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:71 msgid "This feature is EXPERIMENTAL. See also *scols-filter*(5). For example exclude POSIX type locks, but print all READ mode ones locks on files with _.qcow2_ as extension:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid " lslocks --filter 'TYPE != \"POSIX\" and MODE == \"READ\" and PATH =~ \".*\\.qcow2\"'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:77 ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:64 #: ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:77 ../sys-utils/prlimit.1.adoc:57 #: ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:42 ../sys-utils/wdctl.8.adoc:56 msgid "Use the raw output format." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:80 ../sys-utils/lsns.8.adoc:83 msgid "Do not truncate text in columns." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "COMMAND" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:91 msgid "The command name of the process holding the lock." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "PID" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:94 msgid "The process ID of the process." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "TYPE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:97 msgid "The type of lock; can be LEASE (created with *fcntl*(2)), FLOCK (created with *flock*(2)), POSIX (created with *fcntl*(2) and *lockf*(3)) or OFDLCK (created with *fcntl*(2))." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:98 #, no-wrap msgid "SIZE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:100 msgid "Size of the locked file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "INODE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:103 msgid "The inode number." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "MAJ:MIN" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:106 msgid "The major:minor device number." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:107 #, no-wrap msgid "MODE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:109 msgid "The lock's access permissions (read, write). If the process is blocked and waiting for the lock, then the mode is postfixed with an '*' (asterisk)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "M" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:112 msgid "Whether the lock is mandatory; 0 means no (meaning the lock is only advisory), 1 means yes. (See *fcntl*(2).)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:113 #, no-wrap msgid "START" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:115 msgid "Relative byte offset of the lock." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "END" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:118 msgid "Ending offset of the lock." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:119 #, no-wrap msgid "PATH" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:121 msgid "Full path of the lock. If none is found, or there are no permissions to read the path, it will fall back to the device's mountpoint and \"...\" is appended to the path. The path might be truncated; use *--notruncate* to get the full path." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:122 #, no-wrap msgid "BLOCKER" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:124 msgid "The PID of the process which blocks the lock." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:125 #, no-wrap msgid "HOLDERS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:129 msgid "The holder(s) of the lock. The format of the holder is _PID_,_COMMAND_,_FD_. If a lock is an open file description-oriented lock, there can be more than one holder for the lock. See the NOTES below." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:132 #, no-wrap msgid "LSLOCKS_COLUMNS=" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:134 msgid "Specifies a comma-separated list of output columns to print. All columns listed by *--list-columns* can be used." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:138 msgid "The *lslocks* command is meant to replace the *lslk*(8) command, originally written by mailto:abe@purdue.edu[Victor A. Abell] and unmaintained since 2001." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:145 msgid "\"The process holding the lock\" for leases, FLOCK locks, and OFD locks is a fake-concept. They are associated with the open file description on which they are acquired. With *fork*(2) and/or *cmsg*(3), multiple processes can share an open file description. So the holder process of a lease (or a lock) is not uniquely determined. *lslocks* shows the one of the holder processes in COMMAND and PID columns." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:147 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:143 msgid "The default output is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default output in your scripts." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:151 msgid "For OFD locks, the PID column may show -1. Such lines cannot be selected by the filter, because the current filter engine does not support negative numbers." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:156 msgid "mailto:dave@gnu.org[Davidlohr Bueso] mailto:cgoesc2@wgu.edu[Christian Goeschel Ndjomouo]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/lslocks.8.adoc:163 msgid "*flock*(1), *fcntl*(2), *lockf*(3), *scols-filter*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "mcookie(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:16 msgid "mcookie - generate magic cookies for xauth" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:20 msgid "*mcookie* [options]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:24 msgid "*mcookie* generates a 128-bit random hexadecimal number for use with the X authority system. Typical usage:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:27 msgid "*xauth add :0 . `mcookie`*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:30 msgid "The \"random\" number generated is actually the MD5 message digest of random information coming from one of the sources *getrandom*(2) system call, _/dev/urandom_, _/dev/random_, or the _libc pseudo-random functions_, in this preference order. See also the option *--file*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:35 msgid "Use this _file_ as an additional source of randomness (for example _/dev/urandom_). When _file_ is '-', characters are read from standard input." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--max-size* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:38 msgid "Read from _file_ only this _number_ of bytes. This option is meant to be used when reading additional randomness from a file or device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:40 msgid "The _number_ argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB=1024, MiB=1024*1024, and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\") or the suffixes KB=1000, MB=1000*1000, and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:43 msgid "Inform where randomness originated, with amount of entropy read from each source." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:49 msgid "_/dev/urandom_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:51 msgid "_/dev/random_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:55 msgid "It is assumed that none of the randomness sources will block." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/mcookie.1.adoc:62 msgid "*md5sum*(1), *X*(7), *xauth*(1), *rand*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "namei(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:12 msgid "namei - follow a pathname until a terminal point is found" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:16 msgid "*namei* [options] _pathname_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:20 msgid "*namei* interprets its arguments as pathnames to any type of Unix file (symlinks, files, directories, and so forth). *namei* then follows each pathname until an endpoint is found (a file, a directory, a device node, etc). If it finds a symbolic link, it shows the link, and starts following it, indenting the output to show the context." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:22 msgid "This program is useful for finding \"too many levels of symbolic links\" problems." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:24 msgid "For each line of output, *namei* uses the following characters to identify the file type found:" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|f:\n" "|the pathname currently being resolved\n" "\n" "|d\n" "|directory\n" "\n" "|l\n" "|symbolic link (both the link and its contents are output)\n" "\n" "|s\n" "|socket\n" "\n" "|b\n" "|block device\n" "\n" "|c\n" "|character device\n" "\n" "|p\n" "|FIFO (named pipe)\n" "\n" "|-\n" "|regular file\n" "\n" "|?\n" "|an error of some kind\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:56 msgid "*namei* prints an informative message when the maximum number of symbolic links this system can have has been exceeded." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--long*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:61 msgid "Use the long listing format (same as *-m -o -v*)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--modes*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:64 msgid "Show the mode bits of each file type in the style of *ls*(1), for example 'rwxr-xr-x'." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--nosymlinks*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:67 msgid "Don't follow symlinks." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--owners*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:70 msgid "Show owner and group name of each file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:73 msgid "Vertically align the modes and owners." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--mountpoints*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:76 msgid "Show mountpoint directories with a 'D' rather than a 'd'." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:80 msgid "Show security context of the file or \"?\" if not available. The support for security contexts is optional and does not have to be compiled to the *namei* binary." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:86 msgid "To be discovered." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:90 msgid "The original *namei* program was written by mailto:rogers@amadeus.wr.tek.com[Roger Southwick]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:92 msgid "The program was rewritten by mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/namei.1.adoc:98 msgid "*ls*(1), *stat*(1), *symlink*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "pipesz(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:12 msgid "pipesz - set or examine pipe and FIFO buffer sizes" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:16 msgid "*pipesz* [options] [*--set* _size_] [--] [_command_ [_argument_...]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:18 msgid "*pipesz* [options] *--get*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:22 msgid "Pipes and FIFOs maintain an internal buffer used to transfer data between the read end and the write end. In some cases, the default size of this internal buffer may not be appropriate. This program provides facilities to set and examine the size of these buffers." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:24 msgid "The *--set* operation sets pipe buffer sizes. If it is specified, it must be specified with an explicit _size_. Otherwise, it is implied and the size is read from */proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size*. The kernel may adjust _size_ as described in *fcntl*(2). To see the actual buffer sizes that get set, use the *--verbose* option. If neither *--file* nor *--fd* are specified, *--set* acts on standard output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:26 msgid "The *--set* operation permits an optional _command_ to execute after setting the pipe buffer sizes. This command is executed with the adjusted pipes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:28 msgid "The *--get* operation outputs data in a tabular format. The first column is the name of the pipe as passed to *pipesz*. File descriptors are named as \"fd _N_\". The second column is the size, in bytes, of the pipe's internal buffer. The third column is the number of unread bytes currently in the pipe. The columns are separated by tabs ('\\t', ASCII 09h). If *--verbose* is specified, a descriptive header is also emitted. If neither *--file* nor *--fd* are specified, *--get* acts on standard input." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:30 msgid "Unless the *--check* option is specified, *pipesz* does _not_ exit if it encounters an error while manipulating a file or file descriptor. This allows *pipesz* to be used generically without fear of disrupting the execution of pipelines should the type of certain files be later changed. For minimal disruption, the *--quiet* option prevents warnings from being emitted in these cases." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:32 msgid "The kernel imposes limits on the amount of pipe buffer space unprivileged processes can use, though see *BUGS* below. The kernel will also refuse to shrink a pipe buffer if this would cause a loss of buffered data. See *pipe*(7) for additional details." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:34 msgid "*pipesz* supports specifying multiple short options consecutively, in the usual *getopt*(3) fashion. The first non-option argument is interpreted as _command_. If _command_ might begin with '-', use '--' to separate it from arguments to *pipesz*. In shell scripts, it is good practice to use '--' when parameter expansion is involved. *pipesz* itself does not read from standard input and does not write to standard output unless *--get*, *--help*, or *--version* are specified." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--get*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:39 msgid "Report the size of pipe buffers to standard output and exit. As a special behavior, if neither *--file* nor *--fd* are specified, standard input is examined. It is an error to specify this option in combination with *--set*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--set* _size_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:42 msgid "Set the size of the pipe buffers, in bytes. This option may be suffixed by *K*, *M*, *G*, *KiB*, *MiB*, or *GiB* to indicate multiples of 1024. Fractional values are supported in this case. Additional suffixes are supported but are unlikely to be useful. If this option is not specified, a default value is used, as described above. If this option is specified multiple times, a warning is emitted and only the last-specified _size_ is used. As a special behavior, if neither *--file* nor *--fd* are specified, standard output is adjusted. It is an error to specify this option in combination with *--get*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--file* _path_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:45 msgid "Set the buffer size of the FIFO or pipe at _path_, relative to the current working directory. You may specify this option multiple times to affect different files, and you may do so in combination with *--fd*. Generally, this option is used with FIFOs, but it will also operate on anonymous pipes such as those found in */proc/PID/fd*. Changes to the buffer size of FIFOs are not preserved across system restarts." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--fd* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:48 msgid "Set the buffer size of the pipe or FIFO corresponding to file descriptor _number_. You may specify this option multiple times to affect different file descriptors, and you may do so in combination with *--file*. Shorthand options are provided for the common cases of fd 0 (stdin), fd 1 (stdout), and fd 2 (stderr). These should suffice in most cases." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--stdin*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:51 msgid "Shorthand for *--fd 0*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--stdout*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:54 msgid "Shorthand for *--fd 1*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--stderr*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:57 msgid "Shorthand for *--fd 2*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:60 msgid "Exit, without executing _command_, in case of any error while manipulating a file or file descriptor. The default behavior if this is not specified is to emit a warning to standard error and continue." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:63 msgid "Do not report non-fatal errors to standard error. This option does not affect the normal output of *--get*, *--verbose*, *--help*, or *--version*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:66 msgid "If specified with *--get*, *pipesz* will emit a descriptive header above the table. Otherwise, if specified, *pipesz* will print the actual buffer sizes set by the kernel to standard error." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*pipesz* *dd* if=_file_ bs=1M | ..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:73 msgid "Runs *dd*(1) with an expanded standard output pipe, allowing it to avoid context switches when piping around large blocks." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*pipesz* -s1M -cf _/run/my-service.fifo_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:76 msgid "Sets the pipe buffer size of a service FIFO to 1,048,576 bytes. If the buffer size could not be set, *pipesz* exits with an error." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*echo* hello | *pipesz* -g" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:79 msgid "Prints the size of pipe used by the shell to pass input to *pipesz*. Since *pipesz* does not read standard input, it may also report 6 unread bytes in the pipe, depending on relative timings." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*find* /proc/_PID_/fd -exec *pipesz* -gqf '{}' ';'" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:82 msgid "Prints the size and number of unread bytes of all pipes in use by _PID_. If some pipes are routinely full, *pipesz* might be able to mitigate a processing bottleneck." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:86 msgid "Linux supports adjusting the size of pipe buffers since kernel 2.6.35. This release also introduced */proc/sys/fs/pipe-max-size*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:88 msgid "This program uses *fcntl*(2) *F_GETPIPE_SZ*/*F_SETPIPE_SZ* to get and set pipe buffer sizes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:90 msgid "This program uses *ioctl*(2) *FIONREAD* to report the amount of unread data in pipes. If for some reason this fails, the amount of unread data is reported as 0." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:94 msgid "Before Linux 4.9, some bugs affect how certain resource limits are enforced when setting pipe buffer sizes. See *pipe*(7) for details." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:98 msgid "mailto:nwsharp@live.com[Nathan Sharp]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/pipesz.1.adoc:102 msgid "*pipe*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:10 #, no-wrap msgid "rename(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:20 msgid "rename - rename files" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:24 msgid "*rename* [options] _substring replacement file_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:28 msgid "*rename* will rename the specified files by replacing the first occurrence of _substring_ in their name by _replacement_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--symlink*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:33 msgid "Do not rename a symlink but change where it points." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:36 msgid "Show which files were renamed, if any." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:39 msgid "Do not make any changes; add *--verbose* to see what would be made." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:42 msgid "Replace all occurrences of _substring_ rather than only the first one." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--last*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:45 msgid "Replace the last occurrence of _substring_ rather than the first one." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--no-overwrite*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:48 msgid "Do not overwrite existing files. When *--symlink* is active, do not overwrite symlinks pointing to existing targets." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:51 msgid "Ask before overwriting existing files." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:57 msgid "The renaming has no safeguards by default or without any one of the options *--no-overwrite*, *--interactive* or *--no-act*. If the user has permission to rewrite file names, the command will perform the action without any questions. For example, the result can be quite drastic when the command is run as root in the _/lib_ directory. Always make a backup before running the command, unless you truly know what you are doing." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "EDGE CASES" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:61 msgid "If _substring_ is empty, then by default _replacement_ will be added to the start of the filename. With *--all*, _replacement_ will be inserted in between every two characters of the filename, as well as at the start and end." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:63 msgid "Normally, only the final path component of a filename is updated. (Or with *--symlink*, only the final path component of the link.) But if either _substring_ or _replacement_ contains a _/_, the full path is updated. This can cause a file to be moved between folders. Creating folders, and moving files between filesystems, is not supported." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "INTERACTIVE MODE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:67 msgid "As most standard utilities rename can be used with a terminal device (tty in short) in canonical mode, where the line is buffered by the tty and you press ENTER to validate the user input. If you put your tty in cbreak mode however, rename requires only a single key press to answer the prompt. To set cbreak mode, run for example:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "sh -c 'stty -icanon min 1; \"$0\" \"$@\"; stty icanon' rename -i from to files\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:76 msgid "all requested rename operations were successful" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:79 msgid "all rename operations failed" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:82 msgid "some rename operations failed" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:85 msgid "nothing was renamed" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:88 msgid "unanticipated error occurred" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:92 msgid "Given the files _foo1_, ..., _foo9_, _foo10_, ..., _foo278_, the commands" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:96 #, no-wrap msgid "" "rename foo foo00 foo?\n" "rename foo foo0 foo??\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:99 msgid "will turn them into _foo001_, ..., _foo009_, _foo010_, ..., _foo278_. And" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:102 #, no-wrap msgid "rename .htm .html *.htm\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:105 msgid "will fix the extension of your html files. Provide an empty string for shortening:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "rename '_with_long_name' '' file_with_long_name.*\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:111 msgid "will remove the substring in the filenames." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/rename.1.adoc:115 msgid "*mv*(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "uuidd(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:18 msgid "uuidd - UUID generation daemon" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:22 msgid "*uuidd* [options]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:26 msgid "The *uuidd* daemon is used by the UUID library to generate universally unique identifiers (UUIDs), especially time-based UUIDs, in a secure and guaranteed-unique fashion, even in the face of large numbers of threads running on different CPUs trying to grab UUIDs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:29 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--cont-clock*[**=**_number_[*hd*]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:35 msgid "Activate continuous clock handling for time-based UUIDs. *uuidd* could use all possible clock values, beginning with the daemon's start time. The optional argument can be used to set a value for 'max_clock_offset'. This guarantees that a clock value of a UUID will always be within the range of 'max_clock_offset'." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:38 msgid "The option *-C* or *--cont-clock* (without an argument) enables the feature with a default 'max_clock_offset' of 2 hours." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:43 msgid "The option **-C**_number_ or **--cont-clock=**_number_ enables the feature with a 'max_clock_offset' of _number_ seconds. In case of an appended *h* or *d*, _number_ is understood in hours or days. The minimum value is 60 seconds, the maximum value is 365 days." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:44 ../sys-utils/ldattach.8.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--debug*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:46 msgid "Run *uuidd* in debugging mode. This prevents *uuidd* from running as a daemon." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:47 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:64 #: ../sys-utils/nsenter.1.adoc:150 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--no-fork*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:49 msgid "Do not daemonize using a double-fork." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-k*, *--kill*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:52 msgid "If currently a uuidd daemon is running, kill it." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--uuids* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:55 msgid "When issuing a test request to a running *uuidd*, request a bulk response of _number_ UUIDs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--no-pid*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:58 msgid "Do not create a pid file." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pid* _path_" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate _{runstatedir}_. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:61 msgid "Specify the pathname where the pid file should be written. By default, the pid file is written to _{runstatedir}/uuidd/uuidd.pid_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:65 msgid "Suppress some failure messages." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:66 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--random*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:68 msgid "Test uuidd by trying to connect to a running uuidd daemon and request it to return a random-based UUID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--socket-activation*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:71 msgid "Do not create a socket but instead expect it to be provided by the calling process. This implies *--no-fork* and *--no-pid*. This option is intended to be used only with *systemd*(1). It needs to be enabled with a configure option." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--socket* _path_" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate _{runstatedir}_. #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:74 msgid "Make uuidd use this pathname for the unix-domain socket. By default, the pathname used is _{runstatedir}/uuidd/request_. This option is primarily for debugging purposes, since the pathname is hard-coded in the *libuuid* library." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--timeout* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:78 msgid "Make *uuidd* exit after _number_ seconds of inactivity." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:79 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:36 #: ../sys-utils/ipcs.1.adoc:61 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--time*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:81 msgid "Test *uuidd* by trying to connect to a running uuidd daemon and request it to return a time-based UUID." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:87 msgid "Start up a daemon, print 42 random keys, and then stop the daemon:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "" "uuidd -p /tmp/uuidd.pid -s /tmp/uuidd.socket\n" "uuidd -d -r -n 42 -s /tmp/uuidd.socket\n" "uuidd -d -k -s /tmp/uuidd.socket\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:97 msgid "The *uuidd* daemon was written by mailto:tytso@mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidd.8.adoc:102 msgid "*uuid*(3), *uuidgen*(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "uuidgen(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:18 msgid "uuidgen - create a new UUID value" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:22 msgid "*uuidgen* [options]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:26 msgid "The *uuidgen* program creates (and prints) a new universally unique identifier (UUID) using the *libuuid*(3) library. The new UUID can reasonably be considered unique among all UUIDs created on the local system, and among UUIDs created on other systems in the past and in the future." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:28 msgid "There are three types of UUIDs which *uuidgen* can generate: time-based UUIDs, random-based UUIDs, and hash-based UUIDs. By default *uuidgen* will generate a random-based UUID if a high-quality random number generator is present. Otherwise, it will choose a time-based UUID. It is possible to force the generation of one of these first two UUID types by using the *--random* or *--time* options." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:30 msgid "The third type of UUID is generated with the *--md5* or *--sha1* options, followed by *--namespace* _namespace_ and *--name* _name_. The _namespace_ may either be a well-known UUID, or else an alias to one of the well-known UUIDs defined in RFC 4122, that is *@dns*, *@url*, *@oid*, or *@x500*. The _name_ is an arbitrary string value. The generated UUID is the digest of the concatenation of the namespace UUID and the name value, hashed with the MD5 or SHA1 algorithms. It is, therefore, a predictable value which may be useful when UUIDs are being used as handles or nonces for more complex values or values which shouldn't be disclosed directly. See the RFC for more information." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:35 msgid "Generate a random-based UUID. This method creates a UUID consisting mostly of random bits. It requires that the operating system has a high quality random number generator, such as _/dev/random_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:38 msgid "Generate a time-based UUID. This method creates a UUID based on the system clock plus the system's ethernet hardware address, if present." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:39 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--md5*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:41 msgid "Use MD5 as the hash algorithm." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--sha1*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:44 msgid "Use SHA1 as the hash algorithm." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-6*, *--time-v6*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:47 ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:50 msgid "Generate a time-based UUID. This method creates a UUID based on the system clock and is lexicographically sortable according to the contained timestamp." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-7*, *--time-v7*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--namespace* _namespace_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:53 msgid "Generate the hash with the _namespace_ prefix. The _namespace_ is UUID, or '@ns' where \"ns\" is well-known predefined UUID addressed by namespace name (see above)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:54 ../sys-utils/lsipc.1.adoc:29 #, no-wrap msgid "*-N*, *--name* _name_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:56 msgid "Generate the hash of the _name_." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-C*, *--count* _num_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:59 msgid "Generate multiple UUIDs using the enhanced capability of the libuuid to cache time-based UUIDs, thus resulting in improved performance. However, this holds no significance for other UUID types." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:60 ../sys-utils/lscpu.1.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--hex*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:62 msgid "Interpret name _name_ as a hexadecimal string." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:68 msgid "OSF DCE 1.1" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:72 msgid "uuidgen --sha1 --namespace @dns --name \"www.example.com\"" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:76 msgid "*uuidgen* was written by Andreas Dilger for *libuuid*(3)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidgen.1.adoc:83 msgid "*uuidparse*(1), *libuuid*(3), link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC 4122] link:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfcXXXX[RFC XXXX]" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "uuidparse(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:17 msgid "uuidparse - a utility to parse unique identifiers" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:21 msgid "*uuidparse* [options] _uuid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:25 msgid "This command will parse unique identifier inputs from either command line arguments or standard input. The inputs are white-space separated." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:28 #, no-wrap msgid "Variants" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|NCS |Network Computing System identifier. These were the original UUIDs.\n" "|DCE |The Open Software Foundation's (OSF) Distributed Computing Environment UUIDs.\n" "|Microsoft |Microsoft Windows platform globally unique identifier (GUID).\n" "|other |Unknown variant. Usually invalid input data.\n" msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "Types" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "" "|nil |Special type for zero in type file.\n" "|time-based |The DCE time based.\n" "|DCE |The DCE time and MAC Address.\n" "|name-based |RFC 4122 md5sum hash.\n" "|random |RFC 4122 random.\n" "|sha1-based |RFC 4122 sha-1 hash.\n" "|unknown |Unknown type. Usually invalid input data.\n" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:59 ../sys-utils/rfkill.8.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--output*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:74 msgid "mailto:kerolasa@iki.fi[Sami Kerola]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/uuidparse.1.adoc:80 msgid "*uuidgen*(1), *libuuid*(3), https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4122[RFC 4122]" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "waitpid(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:12 msgid "waitpid - utility to wait for arbitrary processes" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:16 msgid "*waitpid* [-v] [*--timeout*|*-t* _seconds_] PID[:inode]..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:20 msgid "*waitpid* is a simple command to wait for arbitrary non-child processes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:23 msgid "It exits after all processes whose PIDs have been passed as arguments have exited." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:27 msgid "Optionally, a process can be addressed with the format _PID:inode_. The _inode_ identifies the unique process's file descriptor. To retrieve a process's inode number you can use the *getino*(1) utility." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:32 msgid "Be more verbose." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:35 msgid "Maximum wait time." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--exited*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:38 msgid "Don't error on already exited PIDs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:39 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--count* _count_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:41 msgid "Number of process exits to wait for." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:47 msgid "*waitpid* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:54 msgid "system does not provide necessary functionality" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:56 msgid "timeout expired" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/waitpid.1.adoc:64 msgid "*waitpid*(2) *wait*(1P) *getino*(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "whereis(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:48 msgid "whereis - locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:52 msgid "*whereis* [options] [*-BMS* _directory_... *-f*] _name_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:56 msgid "*whereis* locates the binary, source and manual files for the specified command names. The supplied names are *first stripped of leading pathname components*. Prefixes of *s.* resulting from use of source code control are also dealt with. *whereis* then attempts to locate the desired program in the standard Linux places, and in the places specified by *$PATH* and *$MANPATH*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:58 msgid "The search restrictions (options *-b*, *-m* and *-s*) are cumulative and apply to the subsequent _name_ patterns on the command line. Any new search restriction resets the search mask. For example," msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:61 msgid "*whereis -bm ls tr -m gcc*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:64 msgid "searches for \"ls\" and \"tr\" binaries and man pages, and for \"gcc\" man pages only." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:66 msgid "The options *-B*, *-M* and *-S* reset search paths for the subsequent _name_ patterns. For example," msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:69 msgid "*whereis -m ls -M /usr/share/man/man1 -f cal*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:72 msgid "searches for \"*ls*\" man pages in all default paths, but for \"cal\" in the _/usr/share/man/man1_ directory only." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:77 msgid "Search for binaries." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:78 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:80 msgid "Search for manuals." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:83 msgid "Search for sources." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:84 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:86 msgid "Only show the command names that have unusual entries. A command is said to be unusual if it does not have just one entry of each explicitly requested type. Thus '*whereis -m -u **' asks for those files in the current directory which have no documentation file, or more than one." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:87 #, no-wrap msgid "*-B* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:89 msgid "Limit the places where *whereis* searches for binaries, by a whitespace-separated list of directories." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:92 msgid "Limit the places where *whereis* searches for manuals and documentation in Info format, by a whitespace-separated list of directories." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:95 msgid "Limit the places where *whereis* searches for sources, by a whitespace-separated list of directories." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:98 msgid "Terminates the directory list and signals the start of filenames. It _must_ be used when any of the *-B*, *-M*, or *-S* options is used." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:101 msgid "Output the list of effective lookup paths that *whereis* is using. When none of *-B*, *-M*, or *-S* is specified, the option will output the hard-coded paths that the command was able to find on the system." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:102 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:104 msgid "Interpret the next names as a *glob(7)* patterns. *whereis* always compares only filenames (aka basename) and never complete path. Using directory names in the pattern has no effect. Don’t forget that the shell interprets the pattern when specified on the command line without quotes. It’s necessary to use quotes for the _name_, for example:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid " whereis -g 'find*'\n" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:110 #, no-wrap msgid "FILE SEARCH PATHS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:113 msgid "By default *whereis* tries to find files from hard-coded paths, which are defined with glob patterns. The command attempts to use the contents of *$PATH* and *$MANPATH* environment variables as default search path. The easiest way to know what paths are in use is to add the *-l* listing option. Effects of the *-B*, *-M*, and *-S* are displayed with *-l*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:116 #, no-wrap msgid "*WHEREIS_DEBUG*=all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:122 msgid "To find all files in _/usr/bin_ which are not documented in _/usr/man/man1_ or have no source in _/usr/src_:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../misc-utils/whereis.1.adoc:125 #, no-wrap msgid "" "*cd /usr/bin*\n" "*whereis -u -ms -M /usr/man/man1 -S /usr/src -f **" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:6 #, no-wrap msgid "wipefs(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:17 msgid "wipefs - wipe a signature from a device" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:21 msgid "*wipefs* [options] _device_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:23 msgid "*wipefs* [*--backup*] *-o* _offset device_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:25 msgid "*wipefs* [*--backup*] *-a* _device_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:30 msgid "*wipefs* can erase filesystem, raid or partition-table signatures (magic strings) from the specified _device_ to make the signatures invisible for libblkid. *wipefs* does not erase the filesystem itself nor any other data from the device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:32 msgid "When used without any options, *wipefs* lists all visible filesystems and the offsets of their basic signatures. The default output is subject to change. So whenever possible, you should avoid using default outputs in your scripts. Always explicitly define expected columns by using *--output* _columns-list_ in environments where a stable output is required." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:34 msgid "*wipefs* calls the *BLKRRPART* ioctl when it has erased a partition-table signature to inform the kernel about the change. The ioctl is called as the last step and when all specified signatures from all specified devices are already erased. This feature can be used to wipe content on partition devices as well as a partition table on a disk device, for example by *wipefs -a /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdc*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:36 msgid "Note that some filesystems and some partition tables store more magic strings on the device (e.g., FAT, ZFS, GPT). The *wipefs* command (since v2.31) lists all the offsets where magic strings have been detected." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:38 msgid "When option *-a* is used, all magic strings that are visible for *libblkid*(3) are erased. In this case the *wipefs* scans the device again after each modification (erase) until no magic string is found." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:40 msgid "Note that by default *wipefs* does not erase nested partition tables on non-whole disk devices. For this the option *--force* is required." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:48 msgid "Erase all available signatures. The set of erased signatures can be restricted with the *-t* option. When performed on a partitioned whole-disk device like /dev/sdX, it will erase only the partition tables, not the content of the partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--backup*[**=**_dir_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:51 msgid "Create a signature backup to the file _wipefs--.bak_ in _$HOME_ or the directory specified as the optional argument. For more details see the *EXAMPLE* section." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:54 msgid "Force erasure, even if the filesystem is mounted. This is required in order to erase a partition-table signature on a block device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--noheadings*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "*-O*, *--output* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:74 msgid "Causes everything to be done except for the *write*(2) call." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:77 msgid "Specify the location (in bytes) of the signature which should be erased from the device. The _offset_ number may include a \"0x\" prefix; then the number will be interpreted as a hex value. It is possible to specify multiple *-o* options." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:79 msgid "The _offset_ argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\"), or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--parsable*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:82 msgid "Print out in parsable instead of printable format. Encode all potentially unsafe characters of a string to the corresponding hex value prefixed by '\\x'." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:85 msgid "Suppress any messages after a successful signature wipe." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:88 msgid "Limit the set of printed or erased signatures. More than one type may be specified in a comma-separated list. The list or individual types can be prefixed with 'no' to specify the types on which no action should be taken. For more details see *mount*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:95 msgid "enables *libblkid*(3) debug output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*wipefs /dev/sda**" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:105 msgid "Prints information about sda and all partitions on sda." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*wipefs --all --backup /dev/sdb*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:108 msgid "Erases all signatures from the device _/dev/sdb_ and creates a signature backup file _~/wipefs-sdb-.bak_ for each signature." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*dd if=~/wipefs-sdb-0x00000438.bak of=/dev/sdb seek=$\\((0x00000438)) bs=1 conv=notrunc*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../misc-utils/wipefs.8.adoc:111 msgid "Restores an ext2 signature from the backup file _~/wipefs-sdb-0x00000438.bak_." msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "chrt(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:38 msgid "chrt - manipulate the real-time attributes of a process" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:42 msgid "*chrt* [options] [_priority_] _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:44 msgid "*chrt --pid* [options] [_priority_] _PID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:48 msgid "*chrt* sets or retrieves the real-time scheduling attributes of an existing _PID_, or runs _command_ with the given attributes." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "POLICY OPTIONS" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--other*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:53 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_OTHER* (time-sharing scheduling). This is the default Linux scheduling policy. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--fifo*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:56 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_FIFO* (first in-first out)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--rr*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:59 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_RR* (round-robin scheduling). When no policy is defined, the *SCHED_RR* is used as the default." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:60 ../sys-utils/irqtop.1.adoc:29 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--batch*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:62 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_BATCH* (scheduling batch processes). Linux-specific, supported since 2.6.16. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--idle*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:65 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_IDLE* (scheduling very low priority jobs). Linux-specific, supported since 2.6.23. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--deadline*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:68 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_DEADLINE* (sporadic task model deadline scheduling). Linux-specific, supported since 3.14. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero. See also *--sched-runtime*, *--sched-deadline* and *--sched-period*. The relation between the options required by the kernel is runtime <= deadline <= period. *chrt* copies _period_ to _deadline_ if *--sched-deadline* is not specified and _deadline_ to _runtime_ if *--sched-runtime* is not specified. It means that at least *--sched-period* has to be specified. See *sched*(7) for more details." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--ext*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:71 msgid "Set scheduling policy to *SCHED_EXT* (BPF program-defined scheduling). Linux-specific, supported since 6.12. Since util-linux v2.42, the priority argument is optional; if specified, it must be set to zero." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:72 #, no-wrap msgid "SCHEDULING OPTIONS" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--sched-runtime* _nanoseconds_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:76 msgid "Specifies runtime parameter for *SCHED_DEADLINE* and custom slice length for *SCHED_OTHER* and *SCHED_BATCH* policies (Linux-specific). Note that custom slice length via the runtime parameter is supported since Linux 6.12." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--sched-period* _nanoseconds_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:79 msgid "Specifies period parameter for *SCHED_DEADLINE* policy (Linux-specific). Note that the kernel's lower limit is 100 microseconds." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-D*, *--sched-deadline* _nanoseconds_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:82 msgid "Specifies deadline parameter for *SCHED_DEADLINE* policy (Linux-specific)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:83 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*-R*, *--reset-on-fork*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:85 msgid "Use *SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK* or *SCHED_FLAG_RESET_ON_FORK* flag. Linux-specific, supported since 2.6.31." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:87 msgid "Each thread has a _reset-on-fork_ scheduling flag. When this flag is set, children created by *fork*(2) do not inherit privileged scheduling policies. After the _reset-on-fork_ flag has been enabled, it can be reset only if the thread has the *CAP_SYS_NICE* capability. This flag is disabled in child processes created by *fork*(2)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:89 msgid "More precisely, if the _reset-on-fork_ flag is set, the following rules apply for subsequently created children:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:91 msgid "If the calling thread has a scheduling policy of *SCHED_FIFO* or *SCHED_RR*, the policy is reset to *SCHED_OTHER* in child processes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:93 msgid "If the calling process has a negative nice value, the nice value is reset to zero in child processes." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:96 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:72 #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, *--all-tasks*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:98 msgid "Set or retrieve the scheduling attributes of all the tasks (threads) for a given PID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--max*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:101 msgid "Show minimum and maximum valid priorities, then exit." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:104 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:81 msgid "Operate on an existing PID and do not launch a new task." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:107 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:90 msgid "Show status information." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:113 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:96 #, no-wrap msgid "The default behavior is to run a new command{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:116 msgid "*chrt* _priority_ _command_ [_arguments_]" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:118 #, no-wrap msgid "You can also retrieve the real-time attributes of an existing task{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:121 msgid "*chrt --pid* _PID_" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:123 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "Or set them{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:126 msgid "*chrt --pid* _policy-option priority PID_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "For example, to set the scheduling policy to *SCHED_RR* (round-robin) and the priority to *30* for process *1234*{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:130 msgid "*chrt --pid -r 30 1234*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "Reset priorities to default for a process{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:134 msgid "*chrt --pid -o 0* _PID_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:135 #, no-wrap msgid "Set a custom slice of 1 ms for a *SCHED_OTHER* task (priority is optional for policies other than *SCHED_FIFO* and *SCHED_RR*){colon}" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block _ #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:138 msgid "*chrt --pid -o -T 1000000* _PID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:140 msgid "See *sched*(7) for a detailed discussion of the different scheduler classes and how they interact." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:141 ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:95 #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:106 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:111 #, no-wrap msgid "PERMISSIONS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:144 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:114 msgid "A user must possess *CAP_SYS_NICE* to change the scheduling attributes of a process. Any user can retrieve the scheduling information." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:148 msgid "Only *SCHED_FIFO*, *SCHED_OTHER* and *SCHED_RR* are part of POSIX 1003.1b Process Scheduling. The other scheduling attributes may be ignored on some systems." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:150 msgid "Linux' default scheduling policy is *SCHED_OTHER*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:155 msgid "mailto:rml@tech9.net[Robert Love], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:162 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:137 msgid "*nice*(1), *renice*(1), *taskset*(1), *sched*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/chrt.1.adoc:164 msgid "See *sched_setscheduler*(2) for a description of the Linux scheduling scheme." msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:3 #, no-wrap msgid "coresched(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:15 msgid "coresched - manage core scheduling cookies for tasks" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:19 msgid "*{command}* [*get*] [*-s* _pid_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:21 msgid "*{command}* *new* [*-t* _type_] *-d* _pid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:23 msgid "*{command}* *new* [*-t* _type_] \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:25 msgid "*{command}* *copy* [*-s* _pid_] [*-t* _type_] *-d* _pid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:27 msgid "*{command}* *copy* [*-s* _pid_] [*-t* _type_] \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:30 msgid "The *{command}* command is used to retrieve or modify the core scheduling cookies of a running process given its _pid_, or to spawn a new _command_ with core scheduling cookies." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:34 msgid "Core scheduling permits the definition of groups of tasks that are allowed to share a physical core. This is done by assigning a cookie to each task. Only tasks have the same cookie are allowed to be scheduled on the same physical core." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:36 msgid "It is possible to either assign a new random cookie to a task, or copy a cookie from another task. It is not possible to choose the value of the cookie." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:37 ../sys-utils/hwclock.8.adoc:33 #, no-wrap msgid "FUNCTIONS" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "*get*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:41 msgid "Retrieve the core scheduling cookie of the PID specified in *-s*. If *-s* is omitted, it will get the cookie of the current *{command}* process." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*new*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:44 msgid "Assign a new cookie to an existing PID specified in *-d*, or execute _command_ with a new cookie." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*copy*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:48 msgid "Copy the cookie from an existing PID (*-s*) to another PID (*-d*), or execute _command_ with that cookie. If *-s* is omitted, it will get the cookie of the current *{command}* process." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:50 msgid "If no function is specified, it will run the *get* function." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--source* _PID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:55 msgid "Which _PID_ to get the cookie from. If this option is omitted, it will get the cookie from the current *{command}* process." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dest* _PID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:58 msgid "Which _PID_ to modify the cookie of." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--dest-type* _TYPE_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:61 msgid "The type of the PID whose cookie will be modified. This can be one of three values:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:62 msgid "*pid*, or process ID" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:63 msgid "*tgid*, or thread group ID (default value)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:64 msgid "*pgid*, or process group ID" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:67 msgid "Show extra information when modifying cookies of tasks." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "Get the core scheduling cookie of the {command} task itself, usually inherited from its parent{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:73 msgid "*{command} get*" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "Get the core scheduling cookie of a task with PID _123_{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:76 msgid "*{command} get -s* _123_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "Give a task with PID _123_ a new core scheduling cookie{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:79 msgid "*{command} new -d* _123_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "Spawn a new task with a new core scheduling cookie{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:82 msgid "*{command} new* \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "Copy the cookie from the current {command} process another task with pid _456_{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:85 msgid "*{command} copy -d* _456_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "Copy the cookie from a task with pid _123_ to another task with pid _456_{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:88 msgid "*{command} copy -s* _123_ *-d* _456_" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "Copy the cookie from a task with pid _123_ to a new task _command_{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:91 msgid "*{command} copy -s* _123_ \\-- _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "Copy the cookie from a task with pid _123_ to the process group ID _456_{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:94 msgid "*{command} copy -s* _123_ *-t* _pgid_ *-d* _456_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:98 msgid "Retrieving or modifying the core scheduling cookie of a process requires *PTRACE_MODE_READ_REALCREDS* ptrace access to that process. See the section \"Ptrace access mode checking\" in *ptrace*(2) for more information." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:102 msgid "On success, *{command}* returns 0. If *{command}* fails, it will print an error and return 1." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:104 msgid "If a _command_ is being executed, the return value of *{command}* will be the return value of _command_." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:108 msgid "*{command}* requires core scheduling support in the kernel. This can be enabled via the *CONFIG_SCHED_CORE* kernel config option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:112 msgid "mailto:thijs@raymakers.nl[Thijs Raymakers], mailto:pauld@redhat.com[Phil Auld]" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:113 ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:149 #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:76 ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:139 #: ../sys-utils/rtcwake.8.adoc:129 ../term-utils/scriptlive.1.adoc:83 #: ../term-utils/scriptreplay.1.adoc:105 #, no-wrap msgid "COPYRIGHT" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:116 msgid "Copyright {copyright} 2024 Thijs Raymakers and Phil Auld. This is free software licensed under the EUPL." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:124 msgid "*chrt*(1), *nice*(1), *renice*(1), *taskset*(1), *ptrace*(2), *sched*(7)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/coresched.1.adoc:126 msgid "The Linux kernel source files _Documentation/admin-guide/hw-vuln/core-scheduling.rst_" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "ionice(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:13 msgid "ionice - set or get process I/O scheduling class and priority" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:17 msgid "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] *-p* _PID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:19 msgid "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] *-P* _PGID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:21 msgid "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] *-u* _UID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:23 msgid "*ionice* [*-c* _class_] [*-n* _level_] [*-t*] _command_ [argument] ..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:27 msgid "This program sets or gets the I/O scheduling class and priority for a program. If no arguments or just *-p* is given, *ionice* will query the current I/O scheduling class and priority for that process." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:29 msgid "When _command_ is given, *ionice* will run this command with the given arguments. If no _class_ is specified, then _command_ will be executed with the \"best-effort\" scheduling class. The default priority level is 4." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:31 msgid "As of this writing, a process can be in one of three scheduling classes:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:32 #, no-wrap msgid "*Idle*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:34 msgid "A program running with idle I/O priority will only get disk time when no other program has asked for disk I/O for a defined grace period. The impact of an idle I/O process on normal system activity should be zero. This scheduling class does not take a priority argument. Presently, this scheduling class is permitted for an ordinary user (since kernel 2.6.25)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*Best-effort*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:37 msgid "This is the effective scheduling class for any process that has not asked for a specific I/O priority. This class takes a priority argument from _0-7_, with a lower number being higher priority. Programs running at the same best-effort priority are served in a round-robin fashion." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {plus} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:39 msgid "Note that before kernel 2.6.26 a process that has not asked for an I/O priority formally uses \"*none*\" as scheduling class, but the I/O scheduler will treat such processes as if it were in the best-effort class. The priority within the best-effort class will be dynamically derived from the CPU nice level of the process: io_priority = (cpu_nice {plus} 20) / 5." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:42 msgid "For kernels after 2.6.26 with the CFQ I/O scheduler, a process that has not asked for an I/O priority inherits its CPU scheduling class. The I/O priority is derived from the CPU nice level of the process (same as before kernel 2.6.26)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:43 #, no-wrap msgid "*Realtime*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:45 msgid "The RT scheduling class is given first access to the disk, regardless of what else is going on in the system. Thus the RT class needs to be used with some care, as it can starve other processes. As with the best-effort class, 8 priority levels are defined denoting how big a time slice a given process will receive on each scheduling window. This scheduling class is not permitted for an ordinary (i.e., non-root) user." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--class* _class_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:50 msgid "Specify the name or number of the scheduling class to use; `0` for none, `1` for realtime, `2` for best-effort, `3` for idle." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--classdata* _level_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:53 msgid "Specify the scheduling class data. This only has an effect if the class accepts an argument. For realtime and best-effort, _0-7_ are valid data (priority levels), and `0` represents the highest priority level." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--pid* _PID_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:56 msgid "Specify the process IDs of running processes for which to get or set the scheduling parameters." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:57 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--pgid* _PGID_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:59 msgid "Specify the process group IDs of running processes for which to get or set the scheduling parameters." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:60 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--ignore*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:62 msgid "Ignore failure to set the requested priority. If _command_ was specified, run it even in case it was not possible to set the desired scheduling priority, which can happen due to insufficient privileges or an old kernel version." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:63 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--uid* _UID_..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:65 msgid "Specify the user IDs of running processes for which to get or set the scheduling parameters." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:71 msgid "Linux supports I/O scheduling priorities and classes since 2.6.13 with the CFQ I/O scheduler." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:75 msgid "# *ionice* -c 3 -p 89" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:77 msgid "Sets process with PID 89 as an idle I/O process." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:79 msgid "# *ionice* -c 2 -n 0 bash" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:81 msgid "Runs 'bash' as a best-effort program with highest priority." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:83 msgid "# *ionice* -p 89 91" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:85 msgid "Prints the class and priority of the processes with PID 89 and 91." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:90 msgid "mailto:jens@axboe.dk[Jens Axboe], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/ionice.1.adoc:94 msgid "*ioprio_set*(2)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:25 #, no-wrap msgid "taskset(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:37 msgid "taskset - set or retrieve a process's CPU affinity" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:41 msgid "*taskset* [options] _mask command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:43 msgid "*taskset* [options] *-p* [_mask_] _pid_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:47 msgid "The *taskset* command is used to set or retrieve the CPU affinity of a running process given its _pid_, or to launch a new _command_ with a given CPU affinity. CPU affinity is a scheduler property that \"bonds\" a process to a given set of CPUs on the system. The Linux scheduler will honor the given CPU affinity and the process will not run on any other CPUs. Note that the Linux scheduler also supports natural CPU affinity: the scheduler attempts to keep processes on the same CPU as long as practical for performance reasons. Therefore, forcing a specific CPU affinity is useful only in certain applications. The affinity of some processes like kernel per-CPU threads cannot be set." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:49 msgid "The CPU affinity is represented as a bitmask, with the lowest order bit corresponding to the first logical CPU and the highest order bit corresponding to the last logical CPU. Not all CPUs may exist on a given system but a mask may specify more CPUs than are present. A retrieved mask will reflect only the bits that correspond to CPUs physically on the system. If an invalid mask is given (i.e., one that corresponds to no valid CPUs on the current system) an error is returned. The masks may be specified in hexadecimal (with or without a leading \"0x\"), or as a CPU list with the *--cpu-list* option. For example," msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*0x00000001*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:52 msgid "is processor #0," msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*0x00000003*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:55 msgid "is processors #0 and #1," msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*FFFFFFFF*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:58 msgid "is processors #0 through #31," msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*0x32*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:61 msgid "is processors #1, #4, and #5," msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*--cpu-list 0-2,6*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:64 msgid "is processors #0, #1, #2, and #6." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*--cpu-list 0-10:2*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:67 msgid "is processors #0, #2, #4, #6, #8 and #10. The suffix \":N\" specifies stride in the range, for example 0-10:3 is interpreted as 0,3,6,9 list." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:69 msgid "When *taskset* returns, it is guaranteed that the given program has been scheduled to a legal CPU." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:74 msgid "Set or retrieve the CPU affinity of all the tasks (threads) for a given PID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:75 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--cpu-list*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:77 msgid "Interpret _mask_ as numerical list of processors instead of a bitmask. Numbers are separated by commas and may include ranges. For example: *0,5,8-11*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:81 msgid "Operate on an existing PID and do not launch a new task. If PID is zero, then operate on the *taskset* process." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:84 ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "USAGE" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:87 #, no-wrap msgid "The default behavior is to run a new command with a given affinity mask{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:89 msgid "*taskset* _mask_ _command_ [_arguments_]" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:91 #, no-wrap msgid "You can also retrieve the CPU affinity of an existing task{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:93 msgid "*taskset -p* _pid_" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:95 #, no-wrap msgid "Or set it{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:97 msgid "*taskset -p* _mask pid_" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:99 #, no-wrap msgid "When a cpu-list is specified for an existing process, the *-p* and *-c* options must be grouped together{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:101 msgid "*taskset -pc* _cpu-list pid_" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "The *--cpu-list* form is applicable only for launching new commands{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:105 msgid "*taskset --cpu-list* _cpu-list command_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:109 msgid "A user can change the CPU affinity of a process belonging to the same user. A user must possess *CAP_SYS_NICE* to change the CPU affinity of a process belonging to another user. A user can retrieve the affinity mask of any process." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:113 msgid "*taskset* returns 0 in its affinity-getting mode as long as the provided PID exists." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:115 msgid "*taskset* returns 0 in its affinity-setting mode as long as the underlying *sched_setaffinity*(2) system call does. The success of the command does not guarantee that the specified thread has actually migrated to the indicated CPU(s), but only that the thread will not migrate to a CPU outside the new affinity mask. For example, the affinity of the kernel thread kswapd can be set, but the thread may not immediately migrate and is not guaranteed to ever do so:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ps ax -o comm,psr,pid | grep kswapd\n" "kswapd0 4 82\n" "$ sudo taskset -p 1 82\n" "pid 82's current affinity mask: 1\n" "pid 82's new affinity mask: 1\n" "$ echo $?\n" "0\n" "$ ps ax -o comm,psr,pid | grep kswapd\n" "kswapd0 4 82\n" "$ taskset -p 82\n" "pid 82's current affinity mask: 1 +" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:129 msgid "In contrast, when the user specifies an illegal affinity, taskset will print an error and return 1:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ ps ax -o comm,psr,pid | grep ksoftirqd/0\n" "ksoftirqd/0 0 14\n" "$ sudo taskset -p 1 14\n" "pid 14's current affinity mask: 1\n" "taskset: failed to set pid 14's affinity: Invalid argument\n" "$ echo $?\n" "1 +" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:141 msgid "Print the current CPU affinity as a list." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:144 #, no-wrap msgid "" "$ taskset -pc 0\n" "pid 1355988's current affinity list: 0-47 +" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:148 msgid "Written by Robert M. Love." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {copyright} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:153 msgid "Copyright {copyright} 2004 Robert M. Love. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:161 msgid "*chrt*(1), *nice*(1), *renice*(1), *sched_getaffinity*(2), *sched_setaffinity*(2)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/taskset.1.adoc:163 msgid "See *sched*(7) for a description of the Linux scheduling scheme." msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "uclampset(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:39 msgid "uclampset - manipulate the utilization clamping attributes of the system or a process" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:43 msgid "*uclampset* [options] [*-m* _minimum_] [*-M* _maximum_] *-p* _PID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:45 msgid "*uclampset* [options] [*-m* _minimum_] [*-M* _maximum_] _command_ [_argument_...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:49 msgid "*uclampset* sets or retrieves the utilization clamping attributes of an existing _PID_, or runs _command_ with the given attributes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:51 msgid "Utilization clamping is a new feature added in v5.3. It gives a hint to the scheduler about the allowed range of utilization the task should be operating at." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:53 msgid "The utilization of the task affects frequency selection and task placement. Only schedutil cpufreq governor understands handling util clamp hints at the time of writing. Consult your kernel docs for further info about other cpufreq governors support." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:55 msgid "If you're running on asymmetric heterogeneous system like Arm's big.LITTLE. Utilization clamping can help bias task placement. If the task is boosted such that _util_min_ value is higher than the little cores' capacity, then the scheduler will do its best to place it on a big core." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:57 msgid "Similarly, if _util_max_ is smaller than or equal the capacity of the little cores, then the scheduler can still choose to place it there even if the actual utilization of the task is at max." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:59 msgid "Setting a task's _uclamp_min_ to a none zero value will effectively boost the task as when it runs it'll always start from this utilization value." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:61 msgid "By setting a task's _uclamp_max_ below 1024, this will effectively cap the task as when it runs it'll never be able to go above this utilization value." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:63 msgid "The full utilization range is: [0:1024]. The special value -1 is used to reset to system's default." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:65 msgid "Consult latest kernel documentation for more details:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "\thttps://kernel.org/doc/html/latest/scheduler/sched-util-clamp.html\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:72 msgid "Set _util_min_ value." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:75 msgid "Set _util_max_ value." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:78 msgid "Set or retrieve the utilization clamping attributes of all the tasks (threads) for a given PID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--system*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:84 msgid "Set or retrieve the system-wide utilization clamping attributes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:87 msgid "Set *SCHED_FLAG_RESET_ON_FORK* flag." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:98 msgid "*uclampset* _[-m uclamp_min]_ _[-M uclamp_max]_ _command_ [_arguments_]" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:100 #, no-wrap msgid "You can also retrieve the utilization clamping attributes of an existing task{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:102 msgid "*uclampset -p* _PID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:106 msgid "*uclampset -p* _PID_ _[-m uclamp_min]_ _[-M uclamp_max]_" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:108 #, no-wrap msgid "Or control the system-wide attributes{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:110 msgid "*uclampset -s* _[-m uclamp_min]_ _[-M uclamp_max]_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:118 msgid "The system wide utilization clamp attributes are there to control the _allowed_ range the tasks can use. By default both _uclamp_min_ and _uclamp_max_ are set to 1024. This means users can set the utilization clamp values for their task across the full range [0:1024]." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {colon} untranslated. #. type: Labeled list #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:120 #, no-wrap msgid "For example{colon}" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:122 msgid "*uclampset -s* `-m 512` `-M 700`" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:124 msgid "will prevent any task from being boosted higher than 512. And all tasks in the systems are capped to a utilization of 700. Effectively rendering the maximum performance of the system to 700." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:126 msgid "Consult your kernel docs for the exact expected behavior on that kernel." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:130 msgid "mailto:qyousef@layalina.io[Qais Yousef]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../schedutils/uclampset.1.adoc:139 msgid "See *sched_setscheduler*(2) and *sched_setattr*(2) for a description of the Linux scheduling scheme." msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "adjtime_config(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:12 msgid "adjtime_config - information about hardware clock setting and drift factor" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:16 ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:53 msgid "_/etc/adjtime_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:20 msgid "The file _/etc/adjtime_ contains descriptive information about the hardware mode clock setting and clock drift factor. The file is read and write by *hwclock*(8); and read by programs like rtcwake to get RTC time mode." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:22 msgid "The file is usually located in _/etc_, but tools like *hwclock*(8) or *rtcwake*(8) can use alternative location by command line options if write access to _/etc_ is unwanted. The default clock mode is \"UTC\" if the file is missing." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:24 msgid "The Hardware Clock is usually not very accurate. However, much of its inaccuracy is completely predictable - it gains or loses the same amount of time every day. This is called systematic drift. The util *hwclock*(8) keeps the file _/etc/adjtime_, that keeps some historical information. For more details see \"*The Adjust Function*\" and \"*The Adjtime File*\" sections from *hwclock*(8) man page." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:26 msgid "The _adjtime_ file is formatted in ASCII." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "First line" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:30 msgid "Three numbers, separated by blanks:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*drift factor*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:33 msgid "the systematic drift rate in seconds per day (floating point decimal)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*last adjust time*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:36 msgid "the resulting number of seconds since 1969 UTC of most recent adjustment or calibration (decimal integer)" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*adjustment status*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:39 msgid "zero (for compatibility with *clock*(8)) as a floating point decimal" msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:40 #, no-wrap msgid "Second line" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*last calibration time*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:44 msgid "The resulting number of seconds since 1969 UTC of most recent calibration. Zero if there has been no calibration yet or it is known that any previous calibration is moot (for example, because the Hardware Clock has been found, since that calibration, not to contain a valid time). This is a decimal integer." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "Third line" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*clock mode*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:49 msgid "Supported values are *UTC* or *LOCAL*. Tells whether the Hardware Clock is set to Coordinated Universal Time or local time. You can always override this value with options on the *hwclock*(8) command line." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/adjtime_config.5.adoc:58 msgid "*hwclock*(8), *rtcwake*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "blkdiscard(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:12 msgid "blkdiscard - discard sectors on a device" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:16 msgid "*blkdiscard* [options] [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:20 msgid "*blkdiscard* is used to discard device sectors. This is useful for solid-state drives (SSDs) and thinly-provisioned storage. Unlike *fstrim*(8), this command is used directly on the block device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:22 msgid "By default, *blkdiscard* will discard all blocks on the device. Options may be used to modify this behavior based on range or size, as explained below." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:24 ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:22 #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:23 msgid "The _device_ argument is the pathname of the block device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:26 msgid "*WARNING: All data in the discarded region on the device will be lost!*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:28 msgid "Since util-linux v2.41, *fdisk* has the ability to discard sectors on both partitions and unpartitioned areas using the 'T' command. Additionally, *sfdisk* has the option --discard-free to discard unpartitioned areas." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:32 msgid "The _offset_ and _length_ arguments may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\") or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:35 msgid "Disable all checking. Since v2.36 the block device is open in exclusive mode (*O_EXCL*) by default to avoid collision with mounted filesystem or another kernel subsystem. The *--force* option disables the exclusive access mode." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:38 msgid "Byte offset into the device from which to start discarding. The provided value must be aligned to the device sector size. The default value is zero." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:41 msgid "The number of bytes to discard (counting from the starting point). The provided value must be aligned to the device sector size. If the specified value extends past the end of the device, *blkdiscard* will stop at the device size boundary. The default value extends to the end of the device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--step* _length_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:44 msgid "The number of bytes to discard within one iteration. The default is to discard all by one ioctl call." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:47 msgid "Suppress warning messages." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--secure*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:50 msgid "Perform a secure discard. A secure discard is the same as a regular discard except that all copies of the discarded blocks that were possibly created by garbage collection must also be erased. This requires support from the device." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--zeroout*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:53 msgid "Zero-fill rather than discard." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:56 msgid "Display the aligned values of _offset_ and _length_. If the *--step* option is specified, it prints the discard progress every second." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:62 msgid "*blkdiscard* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:68 msgid "failure; incorrect invocation, permissions or any other generic error" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:71 msgid "failure; since v2.39, the device does not support discard operation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:76 ../sys-utils/fstrim.8.adoc:90 msgid "mailto:lczerner@redhat.com[Lukas Czerner], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkdiscard.8.adoc:80 msgid "*fstrim*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "blkzone(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:12 msgid "blkzone - run zone command on a device" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:16 msgid "*blkzone* _command_ [options] _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:20 msgid "*blkzone* is used to run zone command on device that support the Zoned Block Commands (ZBC) or Zoned-device ATA Commands (ZAC). The zones to operate on can be specified using the offset, count and length options." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:25 #, no-wrap msgid "report" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:28 msgid "The command *blkzone report* is used to report device zone information." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:30 msgid "By default, the command will report all zones from the start of the block device. Options may be used to modify this behavior, changing the starting zone or the size of the report, as explained below." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:32 msgid "Report output:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "" " start Zone start sector\n" " len Zone length in number of sectors\n" " cap Zone capacity in number of sectors\n" " wptr Zone write pointer position\n" " reset Reset write pointer recommended\n" " non-seq Non-sequential write resources active\n" " cond Zone condition\n" " type Zone type\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:44 msgid "Zone conditions:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "" " cl Closed\n" " nw Not write pointer\n" " em Empty\n" " fu Full\n" " oe Explicitly opened\n" " oi Implicitly opened\n" " ol Offline\n" " ro Read only\n" " xN Reserved conditions (should not be reported)\n" msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "capacity" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:59 msgid "The command *blkzone capacity* is used to report device capacity information." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:61 msgid "By default, the command will report the sum, in number of sectors, of all zone capacities on the device. Options may be used to modify this behavior, changing the starting zone or the size of the report, as explained below." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "reset" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:65 msgid "The command *blkzone reset* is used to reset one or more zones. Unlike *sg_reset_wp*(8), this command operates from the block layer and can reset a range of zones." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "open" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:69 msgid "The command *blkzone open* is used to explicitly open one or more zones. Unlike *sg_zone*(8), open action, this command operates from the block layer and can open a range of zones." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "close" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:73 msgid "The command *blkzone close* is used to close one or more zones. Unlike *sg_zone*(8), close action, this command operates from the block layer and can close a range of zones." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "finish" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:77 msgid "The command *blkzone finish* is used to finish (transition to full condition) one or more zones. Unlike *sg_zone*(8), finish action, this command operates from the block layer and can finish a range of zones." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:79 msgid "By default, the *reset*, *open*, *close* and *finish* commands will operate from the zone at device sector 0 and operate on all zones. Options may be used to modify this behavior as explained below." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:83 msgid "The _offset_ and _length_ option arguments may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\") or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB. Additionally, the 0x prefix can be used to specify _offset_ and _length_ in hex." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:84 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--offset* _sector_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:86 msgid "The starting zone specified as a sector offset. The provided offset in sector units (512 bytes) should match the start of a zone. The default value is zero." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:87 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--length* _sectors_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:89 msgid "The maximum number of sectors the command should operate on. The default value is the number of sectors remaining after _offset_. This option cannot be used together with the option *--count*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:92 msgid "The maximum number of zones the command should operate on. The default value is the number of zones starting from _offset_. This option cannot be used together with the option *--length*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:95 msgid "Enforce commands to change zone status on block devices used by the system." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:98 msgid "Display the number of zones returned in the report or the range of sectors reset." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:105 msgid "mailto:shaun@tancheff.com[Shaun Tancheff], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkzone.8.adoc:109 msgid "*sg_rep_zones*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "blkpr(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:12 msgid "blkpr - run a persistent-reservations command on a device" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:16 msgid "*blkpr* [options] _device_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:21 msgid "*blkpr* is used to run a persistent-reservations command on a device that supports the Persistent Reservations feature." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:30 msgid "The command for managing persistent reservations. Supported commands are: *register*, *reserve*, *release*, *preempt*, *preempt-abort*, *clear*, *read-keys*, and *read-reservation*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*-k*, *--key* _key_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:33 msgid "The key the command should operate on." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:34 #, no-wrap msgid "*-K*, *--oldkey* _oldkey_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:36 msgid "The old key the command should operate on." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:37 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--flag* _flag_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:39 msgid "Supported flag is *ignore-key*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:43 msgid "Supported types are *write-exclusive*, *exclusive-access*, *write-exclusive-reg-only*, *exclusive-access-reg-only*, *write-exclusive-all-regs*, and *exclusive-access-all-regs*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:49 msgid "mailto:pizhenwei@bytedance.com[zhenwei pi]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:53 msgid "*sg_persist*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/blkpr.8.adoc:57 msgid "Linux documentation at: iSCSI specification at: NVMe-oF specification at: " msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "chcpu(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:12 msgid "chcpu - configure CPUs" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:16 msgid "*chcpu* *-c*|*-d*|*-e*|*-g* _cpu-list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:18 msgid "*chcpu* *-p* _mode_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:20 msgid "*chcpu* *-r*|*-h*|*-V*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:24 msgid "*chcpu* can modify the state of CPUs. It can enable or disable CPUs, scan for new CPUs, change the CPU dispatching _mode_ of the underlying hypervisor, and request CPUs from the hypervisor (configure) or return CPUs to the hypervisor (deconfigure)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:26 msgid "Some options have a _cpu-list_ argument. Use this argument to specify a comma-separated list of CPUs. The list can contain individual CPU addresses or ranges of addresses. For example, *0,5,7,9-11* makes the command applicable to the CPUs with the addresses 0, 5, 7, 9, 10, and 11." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:29 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--configure* _cpu-list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:31 msgid "Configure the specified CPUs. Configuring a CPU means that the hypervisor takes a CPU from the CPU pool and assigns it to the virtual hardware on which your kernel runs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:32 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--disable* _cpu-list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:34 msgid "Disable the specified CPUs. Disabling a CPU means that the kernel sets it offline." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--enable* _cpu-list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:37 msgid "Enable the specified CPUs. Enabling a CPU means that the kernel sets it online. A CPU must be configured, see *-c*, before it can be enabled." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--deconfigure* _cpu-list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:40 msgid "Deconfigure the specified CPUs. Deconfiguring a CPU means that the hypervisor removes the CPU from the virtual hardware on which the Linux instance runs and returns it to the CPU pool. A CPU must be offline, see *-d*, before it can be deconfigured." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:42 msgid "*chcpu -g* is not supported on IBM z/VM, CPUs are always in a configured state." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:44 msgid "if *chcpu -g* is supported, any *disabled* CPUs should be *deconfigured* to inform the hypervisor that these CPUs won't be used, avoiding potential performance penalties." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--dispatch* _mode_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:47 msgid "Set the CPU dispatching _mode_ (polarization). This option has an effect only if your hardware architecture and hypervisor support CPU polarization. Available _modes_ are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:48 #, no-wrap msgid "*horizontal*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:50 msgid "The workload is spread across all available CPUs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:51 #, no-wrap msgid "*vertical*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:53 msgid "The workload is concentrated on few CPUs." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:54 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--rescan*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:56 msgid "Trigger a rescan of CPUs. After a rescan, the Linux kernel recognizes the new CPUs. Use this option on systems that do not automatically detect newly attached CPUs." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:62 msgid "*chcpu* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:71 ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:91 msgid "partial success" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:75 msgid "mailto:heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com[Heiko Carstens]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:79 msgid "Copyright IBM Corp. 2011" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chcpu.8.adoc:83 msgid "*lscpu*(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "chmem(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:12 msgid "chmem - configure memory" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:16 msgid "*chmem* [*-h*] [*-V*] [*-v*] [*-c*|*-e*|*-d*|*-g*] [_SIZE_|_RANGE_|*-b* _BLOCKRANGE_] [*-z* _ZONE_] [*-m* _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:20 msgid "The *chmem* command sets a particular size or range of memory online or offline." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:22 msgid "Specify _SIZE_ as [m|M|g|G]. With m or M, specifies the memory size in MiB (1024 x 1024 bytes). With g or G, specifies the memory size in GiB (1024 x 1024 x 1024 bytes). The default unit is MiB." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:24 msgid "Specify _RANGE_ in the form 0x-0x as shown in the output of the *lsmem*(1) command. is the hexadecimal address of the first byte and is the hexadecimal address of the last byte in the memory range." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:26 msgid "Specify _BLOCKRANGE_ in the form - or as shown in the output of the *lsmem*(1) command. is the number of the first memory block and is the number of the last memory block in the memory range. Alternatively a single block can be specified. _BLOCKRANGE_ requires the *--blocks* option." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:28 msgid "Specify _ZONE_ as the name of a memory zone, as shown in the output of the *lsmem -o +ZONES* command. The output shows one or more valid memory zones for each memory range. If multiple zones are shown, then the memory range currently belongs to the first zone. By default, *chmem* will set memory online to the zone Movable, if this is among the valid zones. This default can be changed by specifying the *--zone* option with another valid zone. For memory ballooning, it is recommended to select the zone Movable for memory online and offline, if possible. Memory in this zone is much more likely to be able to be offlined again, but it cannot be used for arbitrary kernel allocations, only for migratable pages (e.g., anonymous and page cache pages). Use the *--help* option to see all available zones." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:30 msgid "Specify _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_ as 1 or 0. A value of 1 allocates hotplug metadata (such as the struct pages array) from the hotplug memory itself, enabling hot-add operations even under memory pressure and without requiring additional system memory to do so. A value of 0 stores hotplugged memory metadata in regular system memory, which helps avoid issues related to fragmentation of continuous physical memory across memory blocks. The value can only be set when the memory block is in a deconfigured state, and *--memmap-on-memory* is valid only with *--configure*. If not specified, and if supported, *chmem* uses the default value shown in *lsmem* output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:32 msgid "The *--enable* option configures the memory, if this is supported by the architecture. If configuring memory is not supported by the architecture, *--enable* still brings the memory online." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:34 msgid "The *--disable* option brings the memory offline and performs an optional deconfigure step if this is supported by the architecture." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:36 msgid "The *--configure* option requests memory from the hypervisor without bringing it online, when supported by the architecture, allowing explicit control and use of *--memmap-on-memory*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:38 msgid "The *--deconfigure* option returns memory resources to the hypervisor if supported by the architecture." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:40 msgid "_SIZE_ and _RANGE_ must be aligned to the Linux memory block size, as shown in the output of the *lsmem*(1) command." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:42 msgid "Setting memory online can fail for various reasons. On virtualized systems it can fail if the hypervisor does not have enough memory left, for example because memory was overcommitted. Setting memory offline can fail if Linux cannot free the memory. If only part of the requested memory can be set online or offline, a message tells you how much memory was set online or offline instead of the requested amount." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:44 msgid "When setting memory online or when configuring memory, *chmem* starts with the lowest memory block numbers. When setting memory offline or deconfiguring memory, *chmem* starts with the highest memory block numbers." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:45 #, no-wrap msgid "ARCHITECTURE" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:48 msgid "s390 architecture:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:50 msgid "_MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_: For memory blocks configured online at boot, the default value is 0 because they are added without memmap-on-memory support. Memory added dynamically at runtime uses the default value displayed in *lsmem* output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-b*, *--blocks*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:55 msgid "Use a _BLOCKRANGE_ parameter instead of _RANGE_ or _SIZE_ for the *--enable* and *--disable* options." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--configure*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:58 msgid "Set the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory to be configured." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--disable*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:61 msgid "Set the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory offline." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--enable*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:64 msgid "Set the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory online." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-g*, *--deconfigure*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:67 msgid "Set the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory to be deconfigured." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--memmap-on-memory*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:70 msgid "Select memmap-on-memory for the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory. This option is valid only with *--configure*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--zone*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:73 msgid "Select the memory _ZONE_ where to set the specified _RANGE_, _SIZE_, or _BLOCKRANGE_ of memory online or offline. By default, memory will be set online to the zone Movable, if possible." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:76 msgid "Verbose mode. Causes *chmem* to print debugging messages about its progress." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:82 msgid "*chmem* has the following exit status values:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:94 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem --enable 1024*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:96 msgid "This command requests 1024 MiB of memory to be set online." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -e 2g*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:99 msgid "This command requests 2 GB of memory to be brought online and, if supported by the architecture, configures the memory beforehand." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:100 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem --disable 0x00000000e4000000-0x00000000f3ffffff*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:102 msgid "This command takes the memory range from 0x00000000e4000000 to 0x00000000f3ffffff offline and deconfigures it if supported by the architecture." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:103 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -b -d 10*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:105 msgid "This command takes memory block number 10 offline." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -b -c 10 -m 1*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:108 msgid "This command configures memory block 10 with  _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_ set. The block must be in a deconfigured state." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -b -c 10*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:111 msgid "This command configures memory block 10 with the default _MEMMAP-ON-MEMORY_ setting. The default value is displayed in *lsmem --output-all*. The block must be in a deconfigured state." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -b -g 10*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:114 msgid "This command deconfigures memory block 10. The block must be offline." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:115 #, no-wrap msgid "*chmem -d 5g*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:117 msgid "This command takes 5 GB of memory offline and deconfigures it if supported by the architecture. Blocks that are already offline but still configured are skipped and must be explicitly deconfigured with *--deconfigure*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/chmem.8.adoc:121 msgid "*lsmem*(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "choom(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:12 msgid "choom - display or adjust OOM-killer score" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:16 msgid "*choom* *-p* _PID_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:18 msgid "*choom* *-p* _PID_ *-n* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:20 msgid "*choom* *-n* _number_ [--] _command_ [_argument_ ...]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:24 msgid "The *choom* command displays or adjusts the Out-Of-Memory killer score setting." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:29 msgid "Specifies process ID." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:30 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--adjust* _value_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:32 msgid "Specify the adjust score value." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:38 msgid "Linux kernel uses the badness heuristic to select which process gets killed in out of memory conditions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:40 msgid "The badness heuristic assigns a value to each candidate task ranging from 0 (never kill) to 1000 (always kill) to determine which process is targeted. The units are roughly a proportion along that range of allowed memory the process may allocate from based on an estimation of its current memory and swap use. For example, if a task is using all allowed memory, its badness score will be 1000. If it is using half of its allowed memory, its score will be 500." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:42 msgid "There is an additional factor included in the badness score: the current memory and swap usage is discounted by 3% for root processes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:44 msgid "The amount of \"allowed\" memory depends on the context in which the oom killer was called. If it is due to the memory assigned to the allocating task's cpuset being exhausted, the allowed memory represents the set of mems assigned to that cpuset. If it is due to a mempolicy's node(s) being exhausted, the allowed memory represents the set of mempolicy nodes. If it is due to a memory limit (or swap limit) being reached, the allowed memory is that configured limit. Finally, if it is due to the entire system being out of memory, the allowed memory represents all allocatable resources." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:46 msgid "The adjust score value is added to the badness score before it is used to determine which task to kill. Acceptable values range from -1000 to +1000. This allows userspace to polarize the preference for oom killing either by always preferring a certain task or completely disabling it. The lowest possible value, -1000, is equivalent to disabling oom killing entirely for that task since it will always report a badness score of 0." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:48 msgid "Setting an adjust score value of +500, for example, is roughly equivalent to allowing the remainder of tasks sharing the same system, cpuset, mempolicy, or memory controller resources to use at least 50% more memory. A value of -500, on the other hand, would be roughly equivalent to discounting 50% of the task's allowed memory from being considered as scoring against the task." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/choom.1.adoc:56 msgid "*proc*(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "ctrlaltdel(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:18 msgid "ctrlaltdel - set the function of the Ctrl-Alt-Del combination" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:22 msgid "*ctrlaltdel* *hard*|*soft*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:26 msgid "Based on examination of the _linux/kernel/reboot.c_ code, it is clear that there are two supported functions that the sequence can perform." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:27 #, no-wrap msgid "*hard*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:29 msgid "Immediately reboot the computer without calling *sync*(2) and without any other preparation. This is the default." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:30 #, no-wrap msgid "*soft*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:32 msgid "Make the kernel send the *SIGINT* (interrupt) signal to the *init* process (this is always the process with PID 1). If this option is used, the *init*(8) program must support this feature. Since there are now several *init*(8) programs in the Linux community, please consult the documentation for the version that you are currently using." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:34 msgid "When the command is run without any argument, it will display the current setting." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:36 msgid "The function of *ctrlaltdel* is usually set in the _/etc/rc.local_ file." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:44 msgid "_/etc/rc.local_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:48 msgid "mailto:poe@daimi.aau.dk[Peter Orbaek]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/ctrlaltdel.8.adoc:53 msgid "*init*(8), *systemd*(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:8 #, no-wrap msgid "dmesg(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:18 msgid "dmesg - print or control the kernel ring buffer" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:22 msgid "*dmesg* [options]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:24 msgid "*dmesg* *--clear*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:26 msgid "*dmesg* *--read-clear* [options]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:28 msgid "*dmesg* *--console-level* _level_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:30 msgid "*dmesg* *--console-on*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:32 msgid "*dmesg* *--console-off*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:36 msgid "*dmesg* is used to examine or control the kernel ring buffer." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:38 msgid "The default action is to display all messages from the kernel ring buffer." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:42 msgid "The *--clear*, *--read-clear*, *--console-on*, *--console-off*, and *--console-level* options are mutually exclusive." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:45 msgid "Clear the ring buffer." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:46 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--read-clear*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:48 msgid "Clear the ring buffer after first printing its contents." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-D*, *--console-off*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:51 msgid "Disable the printing of messages to the console." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:52 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--show-delta*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:54 msgid "Display the timestamp and the time delta spent between messages. If used together with *--notime* then only the time delta without the timestamp is printed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:55 #, no-wrap msgid "*-E*, *--console-on*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:57 msgid "Enable printing messages to the console." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:58 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *--reltime*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:60 msgid "Display the local time and the delta in human-readable format. Be aware that conversion to the local time could be inaccurate (see *-T* for more details)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--file* _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:63 msgid "Read the syslog messages from the given _file_. Note that *-F* does not support messages in kmsg format. See *-K* instead." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:64 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--facility* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:66 msgid "Restrict output to the given (comma-separated) _list_ of facilities. For example:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:68 msgid "*dmesg --facility=daemon*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:70 msgid "will print messages from system daemons only. For all supported facilities see the *--help* output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-H*, *--human*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:73 msgid "Enable human-readable output. See also *--color*, *--reltime* and *--nopager*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:76 msgid "Use JSON output format. The time output format is in \"sec.usec\" format only, log priority level is not decoded by default (use *--decode* to split into facility and priority), the other options to control the output format or time format are silently ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-K*, *--kmsg-file* _file_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:79 msgid "Read the /dev/kmsg messages from the given _file_. Different record as expected to be separated by a NULL byte." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-k*, *--kernel*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:82 msgid "Print kernel messages." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:85 msgid "Colorize the output. The optional argument _when_ can be *auto*, *never* or *always*. If the _when_ argument is omitted, it defaults to *auto*. The colors can be disabled; for the current built-in default see the *--help* output. See also the *COLORS* section below." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:86 #, no-wrap msgid "*-l*, *--level* _list_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:88 msgid "Restrict output to the given (comma-separated) _list_ of levels. For example:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:90 msgid "*dmesg --level=err,warn*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:92 msgid "will print error and warning messages only. For all supported levels see the *--help* output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:94 msgid "Appending a plus *+* to a level name also includes all higher levels. For example:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:96 msgid "*dmesg --level=err+*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:98 msgid "will print levels *err*, *crit*, *alert* and *emerg*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:100 msgid "Prepending it will include all lower levels." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:101 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--console-level* _level_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:103 msgid "Set the _level_ at which printing of messages is done to the console. The _level_ is a level number or abbreviation of the level name. For all supported levels see the *--help* output." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:105 msgid "For example, *-n 1* or *-n emerg* prevents all messages, except emergency (panic) messages, from appearing on the console. All levels of messages are still written to _/proc/kmsg_, so *syslogd*(8) can still be used to control exactly where kernel messages appear. When the *-n* option is used, *dmesg* will _not_ print or clear the kernel ring buffer." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:106 #, no-wrap msgid "*--noescape*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:108 msgid "The unprintable and potentially unsafe characters (e.g., broken multi-byte sequences, terminal controlling chars, etc.) are escaped in format \\x for security reason by default. This option disables this feature at all. It's usable for example for debugging purpose together with *--raw*. Be careful and don't use it by default." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:109 #, no-wrap msgid "*-P*, *--nopager*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:111 msgid "Do not pipe output into a pager. A pager is enabled by default for *--human* output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:112 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--force-prefix*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:114 msgid "Add facility, level or timestamp information to each line of a multi-line message." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:117 msgid "Print the raw message buffer, i.e., do not strip the log-level prefixes, but all unprintable characters are still escaped (see also *--noescape*)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:119 msgid "Note that the real raw format depends on the method how *dmesg* reads kernel messages. The _/dev/kmsg_ device uses a different format than *syslog*(2). For backward compatibility, *dmesg* returns data always in the *syslog*(2) format. It is possible to read the real raw data from _/dev/kmsg_ by, for example, the command 'dd if=/dev/kmsg iflag=nonblock'." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:120 #, no-wrap msgid "*-S*, *--syslog*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:122 msgid "Force *dmesg* to use the *syslog*(2) kernel interface to read kernel messages. The default is to use _/dev/kmsg_ rather than *syslog*(2) since kernel 3.5.0." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:123 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--buffer-size* _size_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:125 msgid "Use a buffer of _size_ to query the kernel ring buffer. This is 16392 by default. (The default kernel syslog buffer size was 4096 at first, 8192 since 1.3.54, 16384 since 2.1.113.) If you have set the kernel buffer to be larger than the default, then this option can be used to view the entire buffer." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:126 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--ctime*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:128 msgid "Print human-readable timestamps." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:130 msgid "*Be aware that the timestamp could be inaccurate!* The *time* source used for the logs is *not updated after* system *SUSPEND*/*RESUME*. Timestamps are adjusted according to current delta between boottime and monotonic clocks, this works only for messages printed after last resume." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:131 #, no-wrap msgid "*--since* _time_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:133 msgid "Display record since the specified time. Supported is the subsecond granularity. The time is possible to specify in absolute way as well as by relative notation (e.g. '1 hour ago'). Be aware that the timestamp could be inaccurate and see *--ctime* for more details." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:134 #, no-wrap msgid "*--until* _time_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:136 msgid "Display record until the specified time. Supported is the subsecond granularity. The time is possible to specify in absolute way as well as by relative notation (e.g. '1 hour ago'). Be aware that the timestamp could be inaccurate and see *--ctime* for more details." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:137 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--notime*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:139 msgid "Do not print kernel's timestamps." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:142 msgid "Print timestamps using the given _format_, which can be *ctime*, *reltime*, *delta*, *iso* or *raw*. The first three formats are aliases of the time-format-specific options. The *raw* format uses the default timestamp format showing seconds since boot. The *iso* format is a *dmesg* implementation of the ISO-8601 timestamp format. The purpose of this format is to make the comparing of timestamps between two systems, and any other parsing, easy. The definition of the *iso* timestamp is: YYYY-MM-DDHH:MM:SS,<-+>." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:144 msgid "The *iso* format has the same issue as *ctime*: the time may be inaccurate when a system is suspended and resumed." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:146 msgid "*--time-format* may be used multiple times with different values for _format_ to output each specified format." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:148 msgid "The *delta* always follows *ctime* or *raw* if specified together." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--userspace*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:151 msgid "Print userspace messages." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:152 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--follow*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:154 msgid "Wait for new messages. This feature is supported only on systems with a readable _/dev/kmsg_ (since kernel 3.5.0)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:155 #, no-wrap msgid "*-W*, *--follow-new*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:157 msgid "Wait and print only new messages." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:158 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--decode*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:160 msgid "Decode facility and level (priority) numbers to human-readable prefixes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:165 msgid "The logical color names supported by *dmesg* are:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:166 #, no-wrap msgid "*subsys*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:168 msgid "The message sub-system prefix (e.g., \"ACPI:\")." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:171 msgid "The message timestamp." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:172 #, no-wrap msgid "*timebreak*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:174 msgid "The message timestamp in short ctime format in *--reltime* or *--human* output." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:175 #, no-wrap msgid "*alert*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:177 msgid "The text of the message with the alert log priority." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:178 #, no-wrap msgid "*crit*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:180 msgid "The text of the message with the critical log priority." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:181 #, no-wrap msgid "*err*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:183 msgid "The text of the message with the error log priority." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:186 msgid "The text of the message with the warning log priority." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:187 #, no-wrap msgid "*segfault*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:189 msgid "The text of the message that inform about segmentation fault." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:193 msgid "*dmesg* can fail reporting permission denied error. This is usually caused by *dmesg_restrict* kernel setting, please see *syslog*(2) for more details." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:199 msgid "*dmesg* was originally written by mailto:tytso@athena.mit.edu[Theodore Ts'o]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/dmesg.1.adoc:204 msgid "*terminal-colors.d*(5), *syslogd*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:12 #, no-wrap msgid "eject(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:22 msgid "eject - eject removable media" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:26 msgid "*eject* [options] _device_|_mountpoint_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:30 msgid "*eject* allows removable media (typically a CD-ROM, floppy disk, tape, JAZ, ZIP or USB disk) to be ejected under software control. The command can also control some multi-disc CD-ROM changers, the auto-eject feature supported by some devices, and close the disc tray of some CD-ROM drives." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:32 msgid "The device corresponding to _device_ or _mountpoint_ is ejected. If no name is specified, the default name */dev/cdrom* is used. The device may be addressed by device name (e.g., 'sda'), device path (e.g., '/dev/sda'), UUID=__uuid__ or LABEL=__label__ tags." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:34 msgid "There are four different methods of ejecting, depending on whether the device is a CD-ROM, SCSI device, removable floppy, or tape. By default *eject* tries all four methods in order until it succeeds." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:36 msgid "If a device partition is specified, the whole-disk device is used." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:38 msgid "If the device or a device partition is currently mounted, it is unmounted before ejecting. The eject is processed on exclusive open block device file descriptor if *--no-unmount* or *--force* are not specified." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "*-a*, **--auto on**|*off*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:43 msgid "This option controls the auto-eject mode, supported by some devices. When enabled, the drive automatically ejects when the device is closed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:44 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--changerslot* _slot_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:46 msgid "With this option a CD slot can be selected from an ATAPI/IDE CD-ROM changer. The CD-ROM drive cannot be in use (mounted data CD or playing a music CD) for a change request to work. Please also note that the first slot of the changer is referred to as 0, not 1." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:47 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--default*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:49 msgid "List the default device name." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:50 #, no-wrap msgid "*-F*, *--force*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:52 msgid "Force eject, don't check device type, don't open device with exclusive lock. The successful result may be false positive on non hot-pluggable devices." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--floppy*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:55 msgid "This option specifies that the drive should be ejected using a removable floppy disk eject command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:56 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, **--manualeject on**|*off*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:58 msgid "This option controls locking of the hardware eject button. When enabled, the drive will not be ejected when the button is pressed. This is useful when you are carrying a laptop in a bag or case and don't want it to eject if the button is inadvertently pressed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:59 #, no-wrap msgid "*-M*, *--no-partitions-unmount*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:61 msgid "The option tells *eject* to not try to unmount other partitions on partitioned devices. If another partition is still mounted, the program will not attempt to eject the media. It will attempt to unmount only the device or mountpoint given on the command line." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-m*, *--no-unmount*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:64 msgid "The option tells *eject* to not try to unmount at all. If this option is not specified then *eject* opens the device with *O_EXCL* flag to be sure that the device is not used (since v2.35)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:65 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--noop*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:67 msgid "With this option the selected device is displayed but no action is performed." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--proc*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:70 msgid "This option allows you to use _/proc/mounts_ instead _/etc/mtab_. It also passes the *-n* option to *umount*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "*-q*, *--tape*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:73 msgid "This option specifies that the drive should be ejected using a tape drive offline command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--cdrom*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:76 msgid "This option specifies that the drive should be ejected using a CDROM eject command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:77 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--scsi*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:79 msgid "This option specifies that the drive should be ejected using SCSI commands." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:80 #, no-wrap msgid "*-T*, *--traytoggle*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:82 msgid "With this option the drive is given a CD-ROM tray close command if it's opened, and a CD-ROM tray eject command if it's closed. Not all devices support this command, because it uses the above CD-ROM tray close command." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "*-t*, *--trayclose*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:85 msgid "With this option the drive is given a CD-ROM tray close command. Not all devices support this command." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:88 msgid "Run in verbose mode; more information is displayed about what the command is doing." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*-X*, *--listspeed*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:91 msgid "With this option the CD-ROM drive will be probed to detect the available speeds. The output is a list of speeds which can be used as an argument of the *-x* option. This only works with Linux 2.6.13 or higher, on previous versions solely the maximum speed will be reported. Also note that some drives may not correctly report the speed and therefore this option does not work with them." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--cdspeed* _speed_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:94 msgid "With this option the drive is given a CD-ROM select speed command. The _speed_ argument is a number indicating the desired speed (e.g., 8 for 8X speed), or 0 for maximum data rate. Not all devices support this command and you can only specify speeds that the drive is capable of. Every time the media is changed this option is cleared. This option can be used alone, or with the *-t* and *-c* options." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:104 msgid "*eject* only works with devices that support one or more of the four methods of ejecting. This includes most CD-ROM drives (IDE, SCSI, and proprietary), some SCSI tape drives, JAZ drives, ZIP drives (parallel port, SCSI, and IDE versions), and LS120 removable floppies. Users have also reported success with floppy drives on Sun SPARC and Apple Macintosh systems. If *eject* does not work, it is most likely a limitation of the kernel driver for the device and not the *eject* program itself." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:106 msgid "The *-r*, *-s*, *-f*, and *-q* options allow controlling which methods are used to eject. More than one method can be specified. If none of these options are specified, it tries all four (this works fine in most cases)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:108 msgid "*eject* may not always be able to determine if the device is mounted (e.g., if it has several names). If the device name is a symbolic link, *eject* will follow the link and use the device that it points to." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:110 msgid "If *eject* determines that the device can have multiple partitions, it will attempt to unmount all mounted partitions of the device before ejecting (see also *--no-partitions-unmount*). If an unmount fails, the program will not attempt to eject the media." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:112 msgid "You can eject an audio CD. Some CD-ROM drives will refuse to open the tray if the drive is empty. Some devices do not support the tray close command." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:114 msgid "If the auto-eject feature is enabled, then the drive will always be ejected after running this command. Not all Linux kernel CD-ROM drivers support the auto-eject mode. There is no way to find out the state of the auto-eject mode." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:116 msgid "You need appropriate privileges to access the device files. Running as root is required to eject some devices (e.g., SCSI devices)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:120 msgid "mailto:tranter@pobox.com[Jeff Tranter] - original author, mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak] and mailto:mluscon@redhat.com[Michal Luscon] - util-linux version." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/eject.1.adoc:127 msgid "*findmnt*(8), *lsblk*(8), *mount*(8), *umount*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "fallocate(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:12 msgid "fallocate - preallocate or deallocate space to a file" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:16 msgid "*fallocate* [*-c*|*-p*|*-z*|*-w*] [*-o* _offset_] *-l* _length_ [*-n*] _filename_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:18 msgid "*fallocate* *-d* [*-o* _offset_] [*-l* _length_] _filename_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:20 msgid "*fallocate* *-r* [*-o* _offset_] _filename_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:22 msgid "*fallocate* *-x* [*-o* _offset_] *-l* _length filename_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:26 msgid "*fallocate* is used to manipulate the allocated disk space for a file, either to deallocate or preallocate it. For filesystems which support the *fallocate*(2) system call, preallocation is done quickly by allocating blocks and marking them as uninitialized, requiring no IO to the data blocks. This is much faster than creating a file by filling it with zeroes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:28 msgid "The exit status returned by *fallocate* is 0 on success and 1 on failure." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:32 msgid "The _length_ and _offset_ arguments may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB, and YiB (the \"iB\" is optional, e.g., \"K\" has the same meaning as \"KiB\") or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB, and YB." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:34 msgid "The options *--collapse-range*, *--dig-holes*, *--report-holes*, *--punch-hole*, *--zero-range*, *--write-zeroes* and *--posix* are mutually exclusive." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:35 #, no-wrap msgid "*-c*, *--collapse-range*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:37 msgid "Removes a byte range from a file, without leaving a hole. The byte range to be collapsed starts at _offset_ and continues for _length_ bytes. At the completion of the operation, the contents of the file starting at the location __offset__+_length_ will be appended at the location _offset_, and the file will be _length_ bytes smaller. The option *--keep-size* may not be specified for the collapse-range operation." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:39 msgid "Available since Linux 3.15 for ext4 (only for extent-based files) and XFS." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:41 msgid "A filesystem may place limitations on the granularity of the operation, in order to ensure efficient implementation. Typically, _offset_ and _length_ must be a multiple of the filesystem logical block size, which varies according to the filesystem type and configuration. If a filesystem has such a requirement, the operation will fail with the error *EINVAL* if this requirement is violated." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:42 #, no-wrap msgid "*-d*, *--dig-holes*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:44 msgid "Detect and dig holes. This makes the file sparse in-place, without using extra disk space. The minimum size of the hole depends on filesystem I/O block size (usually 4096 bytes). Also, when using this option, *--keep-size* is implied. If no range is specified by *--offset* and *--length*, then the entire file is analyzed for holes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:46 msgid "You can think of this option as doing a \"*cp --sparse*\" and then renaming the destination file to the original, without the need for extra disk space." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:48 ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:61 msgid "See *--punch-hole* for a list of supported filesystems." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:49 #, no-wrap msgid "*-r*, *--report-holes*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:54 msgid "Scan the file and report the distribution of holes without modifying it. Two kinds of holes are shown: file holes – blocks that the filesystem has not allocated (reported by SEEK_HOLE); data holes – ranges inside the file which are logically filled with zero bytes but still occupy disk space." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:57 msgid "For each hole the offset, end and size in bytes are printed in verbose mode, followed by a summary that gives the total size and percentage of the file that each hole type represents by default. If no offset is specified with *--offset*, the whole file is scanned." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:59 msgid "This option is read-only and can be used on any file to estimate how much space could be reclaimed by *--dig-holes*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:62 #, no-wrap msgid "*-i*, *--insert-range*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:64 msgid "Insert a hole of _length_ bytes from _offset_, shifting existing data." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:67 msgid "Specifies the length of the range, in bytes." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:68 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--keep-size*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:70 msgid "Do not modify the apparent length of the file. This may effectively allocate blocks past EOF, which can be removed with a truncate." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:73 msgid "Specifies the beginning offset of the range, in bytes." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:74 #, no-wrap msgid "*-p*, *--punch-hole*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:76 msgid "Deallocates space (i.e., creates a hole) in the byte range starting at _offset_ and continuing for _length_ bytes. Within the specified range, partial filesystem blocks are zeroed, and whole filesystem blocks are removed from the file. After a successful call, subsequent reads from this range will return zeroes. This option may not be specified at the same time as the *--zero-range* option. Also, when using this option, *--keep-size* is implied." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:78 msgid "Supported for XFS (since Linux 2.6.38), ext4 (since Linux 3.0), Btrfs (since Linux 3.7), tmpfs (since Linux 3.5) and gfs2 (since Linux 4.16)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:81 msgid "Enable verbose mode." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--write-zeroes*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:84 msgid "Zeroes space in the byte range starting at _offset_ and continuing for _length_ bytes. Within the specified range, written blocks are preallocated for the regions that span the holes in the file. After a successful call, subsequent reads from this range will return zeroes and subsequent writes to that range do not require further changes to the file mapping metadata." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:86 msgid "Zeroing is done within the filesystem. The filesystem may use a hardware-accelerated zeroing command or may submit regular writes. The behavior depends on the filesystem design and the available hardware." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:88 msgid "Option *--keep-size* cannot be specified for the write-zeroes operation because allocating written blocks beyond the inode size is not permitted." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:89 #, no-wrap msgid "*-x*, *--posix*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:91 msgid "Enable POSIX operation mode. In that mode allocation operation always completes, but it may take longer time when fast allocation is not supported by the underlying filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:92 #, no-wrap msgid "*-z*, *--zero-range*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:94 msgid "Zeroes space in the byte range starting at _offset_ and continuing for _length_ bytes. Within the specified range, blocks are preallocated for the regions that span the holes in the file. After a successful call, subsequent reads from this range will return zeroes." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:96 msgid "Zeroing is done within the filesystem preferably by converting the range into unwritten extents. This approach means that the specified range will not be physically zeroed out on the device (except for partial blocks at either end of the range), and I/O is (otherwise) required only to update metadata." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:98 msgid "Option *--keep-size* can be specified to prevent file length modification." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:100 msgid "Available since Linux 3.14 for ext4 (only for extent-based files) and XFS." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:107 msgid "mailto:sandeen@redhat.com[Eric Sandeen], mailto:kzak@redhat.com[Karel Zak]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fallocate.1.adoc:113 msgid "*truncate*(1), *fallocate*(2), *posix_fallocate*(3)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:28 #, no-wrap msgid "flock(1)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:39 msgid "flock - manage locks from shell scripts" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:43 msgid "*flock* [options] _file_|_directory_ _command_ [_arguments_]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:45 msgid "*flock* [options] _file_|_directory_ *-c* _command_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:47 msgid "*flock* [options] _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:51 msgid "This utility manages *flock*(2) locks from within shell scripts or from the command line." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:53 msgid "The first and second of the above forms wrap the lock around the execution of a _command_, in a manner similar to *su*(1) or *newgrp*(1). They lock a specified _file_ or _directory_, which is created (assuming appropriate permissions) if it does not already exist. By default, if the lock cannot be immediately acquired, *flock* waits until the lock is available." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:55 msgid "The third form uses an open file by its file descriptor _number_. See the examples below for how that can be used." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:60 msgid "Pass a single _command_, without arguments, to the shell with *-c*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:61 #, no-wrap msgid "*-E*, *--conflict-exit-code* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:63 msgid "The exit status used when the *-n* option is in use, and the conflicting lock exists, or the *-w* option is in use, and the timeout is reached. The default value is *1*. The _number_ has to be in the range of 0 to 255." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:66 msgid "Do not fork before executing _command_. Upon execution the flock process is replaced by _command_ which continues to hold the lock. This option is incompatible with *--close* as there would otherwise be nothing left to hold the lock." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:67 #, no-wrap msgid "*-e*, *-x*, *--exclusive*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:69 msgid "Obtain an exclusive lock, sometimes called a write lock. This is the default." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:70 #, no-wrap msgid "*-n*, *--nb*, *--nonblocking*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:72 msgid "Fail rather than wait if the lock cannot be immediately acquired. See the *-E* option for the exit status used." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:73 #, no-wrap msgid "*-o*, *--close*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:75 msgid "Close the file descriptor on which the lock is held before executing _command_. This is useful if _command_ spawns a child process which should not be holding the lock." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "*-s*, *--shared*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:78 msgid "Obtain a shared lock, sometimes called a read lock." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:79 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--unlock*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:81 msgid "Drop a lock. This is usually not required, since a lock is automatically dropped when the file is closed. However, it may be required in special cases, for example if the enclosed command group may have forked a background process which should not be holding the lock." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:82 #, no-wrap msgid "*-w*, *--wait*, *--timeout* _seconds_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:84 msgid "Fail if the lock cannot be acquired within _seconds_. Decimal fractional values are allowed. See the *-E* option for the exit status used. The zero number of _seconds_ is interpreted as *--nonblock*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:85 #, no-wrap msgid "*--fcntl*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:87 msgid "Instead of *flock*(2), apply an *fcntl*(2) open file description lock (that is, using the *F_OFD_SETLK* (non-blocking) or *F_OFD_SETLKW* (blocking) commands). These locks are independent of those applied via *flock*(2), but, unlike traditional POSIX *fcntl*(2) locks (*F_SETLK*, *F_SETLKW*), have semantics matching those of *flock*(2)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:89 msgid "This is only available on kernel versions >= 3.15." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:90 #, no-wrap msgid "*--start* _offset_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:92 msgid "The starting offset for lock. This option implies *--fcntl*." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:93 #, no-wrap msgid "*--length* _number_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:95 msgid "The number of bytes to lock. This option implies *--fcntl*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:98 msgid "Report how long it took to acquire the lock, or why the lock could not be obtained." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:104 msgid "The command uses exit status values for everything, except when using either of the options *-n* or *-w* which report a failure to acquire the lock with an exit status given by the *-E* option, or 1 by default. The exit status given by *-E* has to be in the range of 0 to 255." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:106 msgid "When using the _command_ variant, and executing the child worked, then the exit status is that of the child command." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:110 msgid "*flock* does not detect deadlock. See *flock*(2) for details." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:112 msgid "Some file systems (e. g. NFS and CIFS) have a limited implementation of *flock*(2) and flock may always fail. For details see *flock*(2), *nfs*(5) and *mount.cifs*(8). Depending on mount options, flock can always fail there." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:116 msgid "Note that \"shell> \" in examples is a command line prompt." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:117 #, no-wrap msgid "shell1> flock /tmp -c cat; shell2> flock -w .007 /tmp -c echo; /bin/echo $?" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:119 msgid "Set exclusive lock to directory _/tmp_ and the second command will fail." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:120 #, no-wrap msgid "shell1> flock -s /tmp -c cat; shell2> flock -s -w .007 /tmp -c echo; /bin/echo $?" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:122 msgid "Set shared lock to directory _/tmp_ and the second command will not fail. Notice that attempting to get exclusive lock with second command would fail." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:123 #, no-wrap msgid "shell> flock -x local-lock-file echo 'a b c'" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:125 msgid "Grab the exclusive lock \"local-lock-file\" before running echo with 'a b c'." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:126 #, no-wrap msgid "(; flock -n 9 || exit 1; # ... commands executed under lock ...; ) 9>/var/lock/mylockfile" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:128 msgid "The form is convenient inside shell scripts. The mode used to open the file doesn't matter to *flock*; using _>_ or _>>_ allows the lockfile to be created if it does not already exist, however, write permission is required. Using _<_ requires that the file already exists but only read permission is required." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:129 #, no-wrap msgid "[ \"$\\{FLOCKER}\" != \"$0\" ] && exec env FLOCKER=\"$0\" flock -en \"$0\" \"$0\" \"$@\" || : " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:131 msgid "This is useful boilerplate code for shell scripts. Put it at the top of the shell script you want to lock and it'll automatically lock itself on the first run. If the environment variable *$FLOCKER* is not set to the shell script that is being run, then execute *flock* and grab an exclusive non-blocking lock (using the script itself as the lock file) before re-execing itself with the right arguments. It also sets the *FLOCKER* environment variable to the right value so it doesn't run again." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:132 #, no-wrap msgid "shell> exec 4<>/var/lock/mylockfile; shell> flock -n 4" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:134 msgid "This form is convenient for locking a file without spawning a subprocess. The shell opens the lock file for reading and writing as file descriptor 4, then *flock* is used to lock the descriptor." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:138 msgid "mailto:hpa@zytor.com[H. Peter Anvin]" msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Keep {copyright} untranslated. #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:143 msgid "Copyright {copyright} 2003-2006 H. Peter Anvin. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/flock.1.adoc:148 msgid "*flock*(2), *fcntl*(2)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:2 #, no-wrap msgid "fsfreeze(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:12 msgid "fsfreeze - suspend access to a filesystem (Ext3/4, ReiserFS, JFS, XFS)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:16 msgid "*fsfreeze* *--freeze*|*--unfreeze* _mountpoint_" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:20 msgid "*fsfreeze* suspends or resumes access to a filesystem." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:22 msgid "*fsfreeze* halts any new access to the filesystem and creates a stable image on disk. *fsfreeze* is intended to be used with hardware RAID devices that support the creation of snapshots." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:24 msgid "*fsfreeze* is unnecessary for *device-mapper* devices. The device-mapper (and LVM) automatically freezes a filesystem on the device when a snapshot creation is requested. For more details see the *dmsetup*(8) man page." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:26 msgid "The _mountpoint_ argument is the pathname of the directory where the filesystem is mounted. The filesystem must be mounted to be frozen (see *mount*(8))." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:28 msgid "Note that access-time updates are also suspended if the filesystem is mounted with the traditional atime behavior (mount option *strictatime*, for more details see *mount*(8))." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:31 #, no-wrap msgid "*-f*, *--freeze*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:33 msgid "This option requests the specified filesystem to be frozen from new modifications. When this is selected, all ongoing transactions in the filesystem are allowed to complete, new *write*(2) system calls are halted, other calls which modify the filesystem are halted, and all dirty data, metadata, and log information are written to disk. Any process attempting to write to the frozen filesystem will block waiting for the filesystem to be unfrozen." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:35 msgid "Note that even after freezing, the on-disk filesystem can contain information on files that are still in the process of unlinking. These files will not be unlinked until the filesystem is unfrozen or a clean mount of the snapshot is complete." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:36 #, no-wrap msgid "*-u*, *--unfreeze*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:38 msgid "This option is used to un-freeze the filesystem and allow operations to continue. Any filesystem modifications that were blocked by the freeze are unblocked and allowed to complete." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:41 #, no-wrap msgid "FILESYSTEM SUPPORT" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:44 msgid "This command will work only if filesystem supports has support for freezing. List of these filesystems include (2016-12-18) *btrfs*, *ext2/3/4*, *f2fs*, *jfs*, *nilfs2*, *reiserfs*, and *xfs*. Previous list may be incomplete, as more filesystems get support. If in doubt easiest way to know if a filesystem has support is create a small loopback mount and test freezing it." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:48 msgid "This man page is based on *xfs_freeze*(8)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:52 msgid "Written by Hajime Taira." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fsfreeze.8.adoc:56 ../sys-utils/mountpoint.1.adoc:71 msgid "*mount*(8)" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:38 #, no-wrap msgid "fstab(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:48 msgid "fstab - static information about the filesystems" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:56 msgid "The file *fstab* contains descriptive information about the filesystems the system can mount. *fstab* is only read by programs, and not written; it is the duty of the system administrator to properly create and maintain this file. The order of records in *fstab* is important because *fsck*(8), *mount*(8), and *umount*(8) sequentially iterate through *fstab* doing their thing." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:58 msgid "The file is not read by *mount*(8) only but often is used by many other tools and daemons, and proper functionality may require additional steps. For example, on systemd-based systems, it's recommended to use *systemctl daemon-reload* after *fstab* modification." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:60 msgid "See the *swapon*(8) man page for details about swap area fstab configuration." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:62 msgid "Each filesystem is described on a separate line, with fields separated by tabs or spaces. The line is split into fields before being parsed. This means that any spaces or tabs within the fields must be escaped using \\040 or \\011, even within quoted strings (e.g. LABEL=\"foo\\040bar\")." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:64 msgid "Lines starting with '#' are comments. Blank lines are ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:66 msgid "The following is a typical example of an *fstab* entry:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:69 #, no-wrap msgid "LABEL=t-home2 /home ext4 defaults,auto_da_alloc 0 2\n" msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:71 #, no-wrap msgid "The first field (_fs_spec_)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:74 msgid "This field describes the block special device, remote filesystem or filesystem image for loop device to be mounted or swap file or swap device to be enabled." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:76 msgid "For ordinary mounts, it will hold (a link to) a block special device node (as created by *mknod*(2)) for the device to be mounted, like _/dev/cdrom_ or _/dev/sdb7_. For NFS mounts, this field is _:_, e.g., _knuth.aeb.nl:/_. For filesystems with no storage, any string can be used, and will show up in *df*(1) output, for example. Typical usage is _proc_ for *procfs*; _mem_, _none_, or _tmpfs_ for *tmpfs*. Other special filesystems, like *udev* and *sysfs*, are typically not listed in *fstab*." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: ../sys-utils/fstab.5.adoc:78 msgid "LABEL=